1、 對于獨立學院學生狀況及教育對策的淺析中英文對照for the analysis of countermeasures of student status and education of independent colleges in chinese and english.獨立學院是近10年來我國高等教育辦學體制改革創新的重要成果，為發展民辦高等教育事業、促進高等教育大眾化做出了積極貢獻。由于獨立學院因其在辦學模式和教學管理等方面的特殊性，使得獨立學院學生的思想政治教育工作與公辦院校有著較多的不同。本文通過分析獨立學院學生的狀況特點，初步探討了獨立學院大學生思想政治的有效教育對策。inde

2、pendent college is an important achievement of innovation of china's higher education system reform in the past 10 years, has made positive contributions to the development of private higher education, promote the popularization of higher education. as the independent college because of its part

3、icularity in the educational pattern and teaching management, the independent college student ideological and political education and public institutions are more different. in this paper, through the analysis of the characteristics of the independent college students, discusses the effective counte

4、rmeasures of college students' ideological and political education in independent college.論文關鍵詞獨立學院思想政治教育教育模式ideological and political education mode of independent college獨立學院是公有民辦的二級學院，屬于公益事業，他利用非國家財政經費舉辦，實施本科學歷教育，其是新形勢下高等教育辦學模式和機制的探索和改革，對我國今后高等教育的可持續發展具有重要意義，肩負著應用型和技能型人才的培養任務。因為其辦學模式和生源條件的特殊性

5、，獨立學院應立足實際，勇于探索與創新，并借鑒其他高校學生管理經驗摸索出一條屬于自己獨立學院特色的學生思想政治教育工作的新途徑。independent college is a college level two private ownership, belongs to public welfare undertakings, he used the non-state financial funds held, the implementation of undergraduate education, which is under the new situation of higher e

6、ducation mode and mechanism exploration and reform, sustainable development of china's higher education has important significance, is shouldering the task of training applied and skilled talents. because of its special mode of running a school and the student, independent college should be base

7、d on the reality, the courage to explore and innovate, and learn from other college student management experience and explore new ways of a belongs to own independent characteristics of college students ideological and political education work.目前，獨立學院按照辦學方式的不同，可分為不同的類型，如校政合作模式，改制模式，校企合作模式，中外合作模式等；其培

8、養的學生也具有不同于普通高等院校學生的特點。下面以湖北師范學院文理學院為例，談談獨立學院學生群體的特點。at present, the independent college according to its different ways, can be divided into different types, such as school administration reform mode, cooperation mode, cooperation mode, cooperative mode; the students also have the characteristics di

9、fferent from the students in colleges and universities. here at hubei normal university college of arts and sciences as an example, the characteristics of independent college students.一、獨立學院學生群體的特點characteristics, independent college students groups首先，獨立學院招生的生源和普通本科院校有很大的差別，其主要是“二本”線以下，專科線以上的學生，從湖北師

10、范學院文理學院近幾年的招生情況來看，其分數與“二本”學生錄取分數平均相差60至100分左右，有的甚至更低。獨立學院的學生是一個特殊性的群體，他們思想上積極進取，參加活動熱情活躍，但是傳統的教育模式容易讓這些學生產生抵觸情緒，相對來說不容易管理。而且這些學生在學習的主動性、約束力上與“二本”以上高校學生存在著一定的差距，但我們作為高校思想政治教育工作者，應該負起我們的職責，找尋一條適合獨立學院學生思想教育的新思路。獨立學院學生群體主要表現出以下特點： first of all, there is a big difference between the independent college e

11、nrollment of students and universities, which is " two " line, professional line above the students from hubei normal university college of arts and sciences, enrollment in recent years, the fraction and " two the " student admission average difference of 60 to 100 minutes or so,

12、 some even lower. independent college students is a special group, their thoughts and enterprising, to participate in the activities of active enthusiasm, but the traditional mode of education to let the students to generate resentment, is not easy to manage. and these students in active learning, b

13、inding with the " two " above the college students of a certain gap, but we as educators, should take up our responsibility, to find a new way for the ideological education of students in independent college. the independent institute student groups mainly exhibit the following characteris

14、tics:（一）強烈渴望大學校園生活，但對自己學院的歸屬感不強 ( a ) a strong desire to university campus life, but they do not have a strong sense of school belonging獨立學院學生和普通本科院校學生一樣，思想上積極要求進步，對大學生活充滿希望，并且希望通過參加各種實踐活動鍛煉自己的能力，得到同學和社會的認可和尊重，但是因為其高考分數相對較低，支付較高的學費，和普通本科生一起學習生活，導致部分學生具有較強的自卑感，有低人一等的感覺，致使他們對自己學院的歸屬感不強。另一方面，獨立學院辦校時間還不

15、是很長，其辦學性質、辦學模式、辦學水平受到了一定程度的質疑；同時導致一些用人單位，企業對獨立學院的學生有一定的偏見。最后，學生就很有挫敗感，很失落。所以，應加強對獨立學院學生歸屬感的教育，讓他們不再自卑，樹立自強自信意識，是獨立學院，也是我們思想政治工作教育者必須面對的難題。students and ordinary undergraduate college students in independent college, thinking positive progress requirements, full of hope for the university life, and ho

16、pe that through participation in various activities to exercise their own ability, students and social recognition and respect, but because of the college entrance examination scores are relatively low, to pay the high tuition, and ordinary undergraduate learning to live together, cause some student

17、s to have a strong sense of inferiority, have the feeling of inferiority, resulting in their own school belonging is not strong. on the other hand, the independent college school time is not very long, the nature of running schools, educational pattern, educational level has been questioned in some

18、degree; at the same time, resulting in some units, enterprises for independent college students have a certain bias. finally, the student is very frustrated, disappointed. so, should strengthen the independent college students sense of belonging to the education, so that they no longer inferior, est

19、ablish self-confidence consciousness, is an independent college, but also the problem of our ideological and political work education must face up to.（二）情感上很敏感，心理狀態不夠穩定 ( two ) emotionally sensitive, mental state is not stable enough獨立學院學生情感豐富，對外界很敏感，具有很高的興奮點，心理狀態很容易波動，不穩定，常常會因為一件小事情而引發很大的情緒波動。碰到一些突

20、發事情時，他們往往只會考慮自己的尊嚴和面子而忽視了事情可能引發的后果，所以他們情感上很脆弱，往往很容易受到各種挫折和傷害，嚴重點會產生一些心理問題。而且他們自我控制力一般較差，當其對某一事物產生興趣時（如網絡游戲），很容易陷入沉迷狀態。因此，獨立學院學生在學習、生活中很容易受到各種因素的困擾，對自己的學習、生活產生很大的影響。因此，我們必須在學院內建立起一套完善的心理輔導、心理測評機制，解決同學們因學習、生活、思想等帶來的心理問題。 independent college students emotional, very sensitive to outside, has the very h

21、igh excitement, mental state easily volatile, unstable, often because of a little thing caused great mood swings. encounter some unexpected things, they often will only consider their own dignity and face and ignore the possible consequences, so they are emotionally fragile, often very vulnerable to

22、 all kinds of setbacks and injuries, serious will have some mental problems. but their self-control is generally poor, when their interest in certain things ( such as online games ), it is easy to fall into a state of indulgence. therefore, independent college students in learning, life is vulnerabl

23、e to various difficulties, have a great influence on their learning, life. therefore, we must establish a set of perfect psychological counseling, psychological evaluation mechanism in college, to solve the psychological problems of students caused by learning, life, thought and so.（三）意志上不夠堅定，易受外界干擾

24、 ( three ) the will is not strong enough, vulnerable to outside interference獨立學院學生總體來說文化基礎比較薄弱，沒有形成一個良好的學習習慣，學習氛圍，自覺性也不強，在學習上面經常偏科嚴重。同時他們也渴望獲得好成績，敬佩學習成績優秀的同學，但是由于其心理上的沉重壓力和自卑感，表現出學習熱情不高，學習態度不夠端正。這都是因為中學階段沒有養成一個良好的學習生活習慣，導致進入大學學習時，經受不住外界誘惑，很容易養成一些不良的習慣，如迷戀網絡游戲和上網聊天等。 independent college students over

25、all cultural foundation is weak, have not formed a good learning habits, learning atmosphere, consciousness is not strong, learning often biased in serious. at the same time, they are eager to get good grades, admire the outstanding achievement of the students, but due to heavy pressure on the psych

26、ological and inferiority complex, showing enthusiasm is not high, the learning attitude is not correct. this is because the high school didn't have a good study habits, leading to enter university study, not stand outside the temptation, it is easy to develop some bad habits, such as obsessed wi

27、th online games and chatting on the internet.（四）心理脆弱，對挫折的承受力較差 ( four ) psychological vulnerability, worse on the endurance of setbacks獨立學院學生一般來說家里經濟條件都較好，其中獨生子女和城鎮生源比例明顯高于普通本科院校，絕大部分學生在相對優越的順境中成長，其中許多學生在家過著小皇帝般、小公主般的日子，受到家長的過分溺愛，導致他們自尊心強，以自我為中心嚴重，生活自理能力和人際交往能力二、獨立學院大學生思想政治的教育對策independent college s

28、tudents in general home economic conditions are better, which only children and the urban students was significantly higher than that of the ordinary colleges and universities, most of the students grow up in the relative superiority of prosperity, which many students at home had a small emperor, pr

29、incess like days, be over-indulgent parents, causing them to strong self-esteem, self - centered education seriously, self-care ability and interpersonal skills two, independent college students ideological and political鑒于獨立學院學生存在的這些心理特點，獨立學院心理政治教育工作者必須樹立一個平等、服務、指導的意識，努力為獨立學院學生創造一個有利于他們成長的學習和生活環境。 i

30、n view of the existence of the independent college students of the psychological characteristics, psychological and political education in independent college must establish an equal, guide, service awareness, and strive to create a conducive environment for the growth of their study and life as an

31、independent college students.（一）培養學生的平等意識，增強學生的歸屬感 ( a ) culture of equality awareness of students, enhance their sense of belonging首先，教育工作者必須平等的對待獨立學院的學生和普通本科院校的學生，避免因為教育者的言詞或者行為不當，刺激獨立學院學生情感，不能當面指責，甚至對獨立學院的學生另眼相看，在平時工作中避免對獨立學院學生和普通本科院校學生進行對比，以免激發學生自卑心理，以致在教育效果上取得相反結果。教育者應該既是學生的良師，也是學生的知心朋友，她有著教師和朋

32、友的雙重身份，對待學生上要平等關愛，以心交心。要加強宣傳教育，以正確的思想引導學生，多以各種校園活動對其進行教育，并且結合他們所學的專業特點，進行詳細介紹，逐步培養他們的學習興趣愛好，制定符合獨立學院學生特色的職業生涯規劃。 first of all, educators must equal treatment of independent college students and undergraduate students, avoid because of educators words or misconduct, stimulate the independent institut

33、e student emotion, not to blame, even for the independent college students with special respect, avoid compared with students and the general undergraduate colleges and universities, independent college students to work in peacetime, so as not to arouse students' inferiority complex, so that to

34、achieve the opposite results in educational effect. educators should not only students' teacher, is also a student friend, she has a dual identity of teachers and friends, treat the students should be equal love, heart to heart. to strengthen publicity and education, guiding the students to corr

35、ect ideas, a variety of campus activities for their education, and combined with the specialty of what they learned, are introduced in detail, and gradually cultivate their learning interest, develop occupation career planning according to the students' characteristics of independent college.（二）

36、建立一支具有獨立學院特色的高素質教育者隊伍 ( two ) the establishment of a characteristics of the independent institute of high-quality education team國務院十六號文件明確指出指出“思想政治教育工作隊伍是加強和改進大學生思想政治教育的組織保證。大學生思想政治教育工作隊伍主體是學校黨政干部和共青團干部，思想政治理論課和哲學社會科學課教師，輔導員和班主任”。“輔導員、班主任是大學生思想政治教育的骨干力量，輔導員按照黨委的部署有針對性地開展思想政治教育活動，班主任負有在思想、學習和生活等方面指導學

37、生的職責”。獨立學院學生具有較強的個性和創造力，作為教育者要教會學生在大學階段如何對自己進行定位，設立一個符合實際的中長期目標，并指導學生對如何實現這個目標進行科學規劃，要改變傳統的保姆式的工作模式，對學生不僅要“授之以魚”，還要“授之以漁”。要充分發揮學生自身主觀能動性，通過學校的一些部門和社會機構，引導學生樹立自我管理、自我約束、自我教育意識，增強學生社會責任感和學校歸屬感。no. sixteen document clearly pointed out that "the ideological and political education work force is to

38、strengthen and improve ideological and political education organization guarantee. main body of the college students' ideological and political education is the school and the communist youth league cadres of party and government cadres, ideological and political philosophy and social science te

39、acher, counselor and teacher ". "instructor, class is the backbone of ideological and political education of college students, counselors in accordance with the party 's deployment to carry out ideological and political education, teachers have to guide students in ideology, study and

40、life responsibilities ". independent college students have strong individuality and creativity, as educators to teach students at the university stage is how to position itself, to set up a practical and long-term goals, and guide students to scientific planning on how to achieve this goal, mus

41、t change the nanny traditional working mode, the students not only to " teach with the fish", but also " teach a man to fish ". to give full play to students' subjective initiative, through the school of some departments and social organizations, guides the student to set up

42、the self management, self discipline, self education awareness, enhance their sense of social responsibility and sense of school belonging.（三）大學生心理健康教育與思想政治教育的有效結合 ( three ) the effective combination of college students psychological health education and ideological and political education中共中央關于進一步加

43、強和改進學校德育工作的意見指出“德育工作者要深入到學生中去通過談心、咨詢等活動，指導他們處理好在學習、成才、擇業、交友、健康、生活等方面遇到的矛盾和問題。”要處理好這些矛盾和問題，心理健康教育和思想政治教育的內容缺一不可。而高校教育者往往重視思想政治教育忽視心理健康教育，而心理健康教育與思想政治教育都有自己的側重點，作為大學生，正值青春期，其人生觀，價值觀正是日趨成熟的關鍵時期，在認知和意識方面會出現一系列矛盾。教育者應該加大大學生心理健康教育，可搭建一些心理健康教育的交流平臺，增加相關心理輔導課程，定期舉辦心理健康教育論壇，邀請知名的心理健康教育專家進行講座等。加強對學生心理和生理上的關心和

44、愛護，幫助學生克服或消除心理障礙，克服一些不健康的心理問題。通過發揮思想政治教育功效，利用心理學研究成果，使思想政治教育和心理健康教育有機結合起來，充分發揮起作用，幫助學生樹立健康心理意識，增強學生的社會適應能力，促進獨立學院學生在大學階段能夠健康全面發展。 " opinions " of the cpc central committee on strengthening and improving the moral education in schools that " moral workers should go deep to the students

45、 to talk through, consulting and other activities, to guide them in learning, career, friends, health, life and other aspects of the contradictions and problems encountered. " to deal with these contradictions and problems, mental health education and ideological and political education is indi

46、spensable. and universities tend to attach importance to ideological and political education of mental health education, and mental health education and ideological and political education has its own focus, as college students, adolescence, their outlook on life, values is the key period of increas

47、ingly mature, in cognition and consciousness will appear a series of contradictions. educators should strengthen the psychological health education of college students, can build some mental health education exchange platform, increase psychological counseling course, psychological health education

48、regularly held forum, inviting well-known experts in mental health education lectures. to strengthen students' physical and psychological care and love, to help students to overcome or eliminate the psychological barriers, overcome some unhealthy psychological problems. through the use of ideolo

49、gical and political education function, using psychological research, make the ideological and political education and psychological health education organically, give full play to play, help students establish the consciousness of psychological health, enhance their ability to adapt to society, pro

50、mote the comprehensive development of independent college students to health at the university level.（四）開辟獨立學院思想政治教育的新途徑 ( four ) to open up the new way of ideological and political education in independent colleges獨立學院培養人才應為應用型、實踐型人才，針對這一特點，教育者應當調整教育思路，開辟一些適應獨立學院思想政治教育的新途徑。如通過各種不同的途徑關心和幫扶不同的學生群體，以適

51、應當代大學生的多樣化、群落化特征，探索適合各種不同學生群體的培養模式，揚長避短，允許學生選擇自己較擅長的科目進行學習，從而避開一些自己不擅長的科目。增加課外實踐和實習在學習過程中的比重，采取多種形式給學生創造課外實踐的機會，通過理論和實踐、體力和腦力相結合，增強學生的學習興趣，培養學生的社會責任感，豐富其人生閱歷。隨著科學技術的不斷進步，還可借助一些新科技產品對大學生思想政治教育，采取積極的對策消除消極影響，最大程度地發揮其對大學生進行思想政治教育的積極作用，不斷提高思想政治教育工作的水平。 independent college personnel training should be ap

52、plied, practical talents, according to this characteristic, educators should adjust the educational ideas, open up some new way of ideological and political education in independent colleges. such as through a variety of ways of caring and helping different groups of students, in order to adapt to the diversification, the community characteristics of contemporary college students, to explore the training mode, suitab