2020年高考英語模擬卷（新課標卷）05（考試時間：90分鐘 試卷滿分：120分）注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節 （共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A With all the attention Thanksgiving and Christmas get from travellers, its easy to overlook Halloween as a destination holiday. While a few cities provide a ghostly atmosphere all year round, annual festivals, theme park pop-up events and other haunted happenings elsewhere have helped make the holiday a travel mini-season all its own.New Orleans Home to year-round cemetery walks, New Orleans is among the cities that naturally harmonize with Halloween. Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires. Float riders throw locally made candies to the crowd. New Orleans hosts plenty of after-event-parties, but the procession itself draws all ages in costume.Whitby, EnglandThis picturesque town on Englands Yorkshire coast is considered to be the home of Dracula, though in a different way. Bram Stoker spent just a month in Whitby, but those four weeks in July and August 1890 were important in the creation of his most famous book, “Dracula”, which was published in 1897. Whitby celebrated the 125th anniversary of Stokers visit in 2015, but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.Salem, MassachusettsHome to the infamous witch trials of the early 1690s, it should come as no surprise that this town is a hotbed for Halloween activity. One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. Events starting from mid-October this year include psychic readings, mourning-themed tea and on Halloween night, a witches gathering.Orlando, FloridaThe home of Disney World and Universal Studios goes all-out with huge Halloween events. Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30, a seasonal pop-up featuring haunted houses and “scareactors” employed to frighten visitors. Plus, there are many other activities like trick-or-treating, Disney character encounters, a Halloween ball and fireworks.1. Which of the following is most recommended for a family going together?A. New Orleans.B. Whitby, England.C. Salem, Massachusetts.D. Orlando, Florida.2. Where do Halloween activities last the longest this year?A. New Orleans.B. Whitby, England.C. Salem, Massachusetts.D. Orlando, Florida.3. What can you do in Orlando, Florida ?A. Have mourning-themed tea.B. Enjoy dancing.C. Watch Disney movies.D. See skeletal remains.【答案】1. A2. C3. B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了在一些城市，萬圣節以年度節日、主題公園的快閃活動和其他的一些鬧鬼事件為體現形式，形成了一個獨立的旅游小假日。1. 細節理解題。根據第一個黑色小標題下“Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires.（值得注意的是，每年10月都會舉行適合家庭的萬圣節游行，今年的萬圣節游行將于10月21日舉行，花車主題包括狼人和吸血鬼。）”文中的“family-friendly”和題干中的“a family going together”相呼應。故選A項。2. 細節理解題。本題問的是“今年哪里的萬圣節活動持續的時間最長”。根據第一個小黑標題下的“happening this year on Oct. 21”可知New Orleans的萬圣節活動時間是一天。根據第二個小黑標題下的“but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.（但今年你可以看到惠特比修道院的遺骸將照亮整個10月的最后一周。）”可知Whitby, England的萬圣節活動時間是一周。根據第三個小黑標題下的“One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. （塞勒姆建立在過去幽靈般的歷史上的一種方式是伴隨近一個月的亡靈節。）”可知Salem, Massachusetts的萬圣節活動時間是將近一個月。根據第四個小黑標題下的“Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30”可知Orlando, Florida的萬圣節活動時間是一天。故選C項。3. 細節理解題。根據題干中的“Orlando, Florida”可將答案定位在第四個小黑標題下。由最后一句話中的“a Halloween ball and fireworks.（萬圣節舞會和煙火。）”可知在這個活動中你可以跳舞。故選B項。BOn November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and speedos!Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystem with their large diversity of marine life. When asked why he doesnt wear a wetsuit, Lewis says, “I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If Im asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.”It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius . He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarcticas Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.4. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit?A. To swim faster.B. To show his bravery.C. To build up his body.D. To win public attention.5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. His body.B. The water.C. His body temperature.D. The water temperature.6. Whats Pughs advice about swimming in freezing waters?A. One must be fully prepared.B. One should be expert at swimming.C. One should be ready to take on challenges.D. One must be used to long-distance swimming.7. What may be the best title for the text?A. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a causeB. How to survive a swim in cold watersC. How to prepare for extreme swimmingD. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible【答案】4. B5. A6. A7. A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Lewis Pugh為了呼吁政府采取措施保護海洋而在南極海洋水溫很低的情況下，不穿防寒泳衣游泳的勇敢事跡。4. 細節理解題。根據第二段的I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If Im asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.可知，他不穿防寒泳衣的原因是展示他的勇敢，故選B。5. 詞義猜測題。此題要結合上文語境He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before可知他在冰水里游泳身體只能忍受20分鐘，下文中提到他游泳時體溫在慢慢下降，肌肉控制力也在下降，可推測出此處的it指的是his body，故選A。6. 細節理解題。根據第四段的Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters.可知，一個人要想在冰冷的水里游泳必須得訓練很長時間才可以，即要做足準備工作才行，故選A。7. 主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是Pugh為保護海洋而在極寒的水里游泳，他用行動去展示他保護海洋的決心和勇氣，由此可知A項是最佳標題。CAttending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With todays college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school.One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you re qualified for it.Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you wont have to submit application fees to other schools.For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest.8. The passage is mainly written to_.A. introduce famous universities in the United StalesB. show some practical ways to apply an ideal collegeC. advertise for successful applications and advisorsD. offer tips to save money on college application fees9. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?A. Write down your favorite universities.B. Reduce the number of your university choices.C. Apply to two universities each time.D. Mind your safety when applying to college.10. Some schools offer free online application to_,A. receive fees faster than beforeB. employ someone else to workC. cut down the cost of employmentD. enter the application information11. It can be known from the passage that_,A. application fee might be canceled conditionallyB. many countries attend College Application WeekC. applying for early admission is the best policyD. admission departments determine your future【答案】8. D9. B10. C11. A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹一些方法節省申請大學的相關費用。8. 推理判斷題。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你開始申請之前，節省大學申請費用最簡單的方法之一就是縮小你申請的學校范圍。在一些學校，成為畢業生的親戚可以讓你免費申請。研究申請名單上每所學校的首選方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡羅萊納州，參加了大學申請周，參加申請周的許多學校會取消他們的申請費用。申請提早入學。所以本文旨在介紹一些方法節省申請大學的相關費用，故選D.9. 細節理解題。由第二段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools可知，在你開始申請之前，節省大學申請費用最簡單的方法之一就是縮小你的學校范圍。所以作者建議縮減申請學校。故選B.10. 細節理解題。由第4段“This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.”可知，這是因為在線申請為學校節省了雇傭職員來輸入信息的費用。所以一些學校提供免費的網上申請，以降低雇傭成本。故選C.11. 推理判斷題。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你開始申請之前，節省大學申請費用最簡單的方法之一就是縮小你申請的學校范圍。在一些學校，成為畢業生的親戚可以讓你免費申請。研究申請名單上每所學校的首選方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡羅萊納州，參加了大學申請周，參加申請周的許多學校會取消他們的申請費用。申請提早入學。所以本文介紹了一些方法節省申請大學的相關費用，故申報費用“在某些條件”是不用交的。故選A.DEvery summer, the Serengeti plains (平原) of Africa are worth visiting. Millions of wild animals begin their 1,800-mile journey northwards on their annual migratory (遷移的) route.In the month of November, polar bears in their thousands cross the Canadian Arctic, as they head towards the ice sheets of Hudson Bay. The sea ice that forms every winter is the key to the bears managing to exist, for here they hunt for seals (海豹).The Great Bustard, one of the heaviest flying birds, migrates each year across Europe and Asia to its wintering grounds. Unluckily, these and other migratory animals are in danger from human activity.We have written several articles on climate change and the effect of rising ocean temperatures. Since 1979, ice sheets in the Arctic have gone down by 30 percent. What does this mean for polar bears? They are forced to stay on land for longer periods of time, which delays their search for food. As a result, bears today are 60 pounds lighter than what they were. Besides, smaller bears also produce weaker babies, and their chances of survival are at risk. In the plains of Africa, migratory animals like gazelles are traveling long distances for food, just to avoid falling prey (犧牲品) to humans who hunt them.In an unusual step, experts from 120 countries have agreed to protect 31 migratory mammals, fish and birds. The United Nations 11th annual Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) was held in Quito, Ecuador. For the first time, 900 experts attended the conference, and the enthusiastic support shows the world is united in conservation (保護) efforts.What does getting on a protected list mean? Countries that have signed the agreement will be required to pass laws locally and work with other countries that fall within the animals migratory path. Only one animal did not make the list. The African lion was rejected (拒絕) for lack of information of the countries where it lives.12. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Great Bustard is one of the largest flying birds.B. The weight of polar bears today is lighter than what it was.C. In the 1970s, ice sheets went down by 30 percent.D. 120 experts have agreed to protect 21 migratory animals.13. Why was the African lion not included in the list from the passage?A. We dont know which countries it lives in.B. It isnt a migratory animal.C. Experts were not interested in this animal.D. It was not traveling long distances for food.14. The writer writes this passage aiming to _.A. let us know about the animalsB. prevent the rare animals from dying outC. inform us of the effects of climate changeD. draw our attention to helping the migratory animals15. All these factors have probably put the migratory animals in danger EXCEPT _.A. some human activity B. the enthusiastic support from expertsC. rising ocean temperatures D. climate change【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇生態環保類說明文，介紹了很多野生動物在遷徙途中遭受人類的捕殺或受到人類活動的影響導致數量急劇下降，在聯合國第11屆野生動物遷徙物種年度保護大會上，專家們呼吁世界各國聯合起來保護遷徙物種。12. 細節理解題。根據第三段中的“As a result, bears today are 60 pounds lighter than what they were.”可知，現在北極熊的體重比原來少了60磅，故B項正確。13. 細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Only one animal did not make the list. The African lion was rejected for lack of information of the countries where it lives. ”可知，非洲獅沒有在名單之內是因為我們不知道它們生活在哪些國家，故A項正確。14. 文章意圖題。通讀文章可知，文章介紹了很多野生動物在遷徙途中遭受人類的捕殺或受到人類活動的影響導致數量急劇下降，在聯合國第11屆野生動物遷徙物種年度保護大會上，專家們呼吁世界各國聯合起來保護遷徙物種，由此可知本文的目的是引起人們的注意來幫助遷徙動物，故D項正確。15. 細節理解題。根據第三段中的“We have written several articles on climate change and the effect of rising ocean temperatures.”及“In the plains of Africa, migratory animals like gazelles are traveling long distances for food, just to avoid falling prey to humans who hunt them.”可知，氣候變化、海洋溫度上升以及人類活動都是威脅遷徙物種的因素，專家的支持則是為了保護它們，故B項正確。第二節 （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Things to Keep Your Brain Sharp and Healthy Later in LifeThese behaviors and activities are proven to help keep your brain young.Keep learning new things.Learning new information and skills throughout your entire life helps to keep your brain strong even in the later years of life. Activities that have the highest value for brain health are novel and complex to each particular person. What is easy for one person may be challenging for another. 16. Exercise regularly.Exercise can improve our energy levels, sense of well-being, sleep, and brain health. 17. Identifying why we do not exercise permits us to systematically break down our barriers, and to slowly change our behaviors towards a healthy lifestyle.Socialize and have fun!Friends provide opportunities to enable the sharing of experiences, new learning, challenge, emotions, trust, and understanding. Friendship also provides the necessary motivation towards activity and involvement. Engaging in new pursuits with friends often helps develop new life roles, which provide us with an opportunity to feel appreciated, enjoy life, laugh, and have fun. 18. Be health conscious.It is important for us to take control of our health and understand that we are in charge of managing of our bodies. 19. Once we establish our own role in the management of our health, the importance of a close and trusting relationship with our physician becomes apparent.Slow down and appreciate the silence.20. Our brains require time to process information more deeply, in order to gain more benefit from our daily experiences. A fast-paced lifestyle can cause chronic stress and have other negative effects on our health and well-being. Reducing demands we place on ourselves is an important step towards stress reduction, and a more fulfilling life.Studies have shown a relationship between spirituality and the immune system. As we continually learn more about the potential of positive thoughts to influence health, people are beginning to integrate these practices more frequently into their daily lives, and experiencing life-changing results.A. Engaging in it regularly also reduces the risk of depression and anxiety.B. Reading gives you a unique pause button for comprehension and insight.C. The things that challenge you the most have the most value for your brain.D. Physicians work for us, and wh