初中英語主謂一致主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數上保持一致 主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法上一致，意義上一致，就近一致原則1. 單數名詞(代詞)或不可數名詞作主語時，謂語用單數。復數名詞(代詞)作主語，謂語用復數。 The desk is Toms.Some water is in the bottle. The students are playing football on the playground. . 表示時間、價格、重量、長度、數學運算等的詞或短語作主語時，謂語用單數形式。One and a half hours is enough. Twenty dollars is enough.Two monthshas passed. Tweney pounds isnt so heavy. . 動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。例如： To see is to believe.眼見為實。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. . 主語為one of , each of等加復數名詞或代詞，謂語用單數。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball. Each of them has an English dictionary.不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數，例如： Is everyone here today？ Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in. . each, either, neither, another, the other 作主語，謂語動詞用單數。 Neither answer is correct兩個答案都不正確。 . 有些以s 結尾的名詞本身不表示復數意義，謂語通常用單數形式，如news, maths, physics等。 No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數學很受歡迎。 . people,police等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式，The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.People here are very friendly. . 由bothand連接兩個單數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和媽媽都是老師。10“定冠詞+姓氏復數形式”表示一家人時，謂語一般用復數。 The Smiths are having dinner.11. a number of+pl.n“許多”表示復數；the number of +pl.n“的數字”表示單數。 A number of famous people were invited to party. 許多名人都被邀請參加這個聚會。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我們學校的學生數超過800人。 12. 當kind of,pair of, glass of 等短語修飾主語時，謂語與kind,pair,glass等一致。 This pair of trousers is very new, but Toms trousers are very old. There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有兩杯水。 13. the+形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數形式，表示抽象概念時，用單數形式。 The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 窮人很快樂，富人卻過得不快樂。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 14 or, eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語以及here，there開頭的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞采用就近原則。 Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是湯姆就是杰克錯了。 Either this one or that one is ok. 這一個或那一個都行。There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本書，三只鋼筆 Here are some books and paper for you. 這是給你的書和紙。 15 當主語部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介詞短語時，謂語動詞由主語的單復數決定。與介詞短語之后的名詞無關。The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health. Mike with his father has been to England. 邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。 16. 由and連接的兩個單數名詞作主語時，一般用復數形式，但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人，事物，或概念時，謂語動詞用單數。Swimming and walking are good exercises.The bread and the butter _ their main food. A. is B. are C. has D. haveThe writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了。(作家和教師指同一個人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個人) 但every, each, no 做定語時，即使用and 連接兩個主語，謂語也用單數No teacher and no student has seen the film.Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位。No food and no water _in the house. A. is B. has C. are D. have 17. family,class,group,team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數形式，若指一個具體成員時，謂語動詞復數形式。例如： His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我們一家人都喜歡看電視。 18. 單、復數同形的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞應根據意義決定單、復數。A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.19. all/most/half/the rest of+名詞，lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名詞，分數/百分數+名詞作主語，謂語動詞由of后面的名詞的數保持一致。All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.20. 定語從句中關系代詞who、that、which等在定語從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞的數應與句中先行詞的數一致。like the music that is interesting.I like the people who are friendly.21.名詞性物主代詞做主語時，謂語動詞的單復數決于它所代替的是單數還是復數。Your classroom is small.Ours (=our classroom) is big.Your shoes are white, Mine (= my shoes) are black.22.在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動詞的數應與其后的主語一致。如：Between the two buildings is a big tree.24.population 作主語，作“人口”講時，謂語常用單數形式；當它作“人們”講時，謂語常用復數形式。另外，當分數、百分比數修飾 population 作主語時，謂語常用復數形式。 The population of China is very large.Two thirds of Chinese population are farmers.25.What從句做主語，表語是復數，謂語動詞用復數What the students need _ good books. A. is B. are C. have D. has倒 裝 句英語句子的自然語序是主語在前,謂語在后。把謂語放在主語之前,就叫做倒裝。全部謂語放在主語之前,叫做全部倒裝;只把部分謂語動詞，即特殊動詞（be動詞，情態動詞和助動詞）放在主語之前,叫做部分倒裝。一、全部倒裝如果謂語動詞全部放在主語之前，這種語序叫做全部倒裝1.表示方位的副詞out,up,down,in,away置于句首時，句子要用全部倒裝Out rushed the children.孩子們沖了出去主語是人稱代詞，主語的語序不倒裝Away he went.他走了2.表示方位的介詞短語置于句首,句子要用全部倒裝。如:Into the hall came three women. 大廳里走進來三位婦女。 In the east of the school lies a big bookshop. 學校的東邊有一個大的書店。3.存在句(there be/ live/ stand/ lie/ seem等)需要全部倒裝。如:There once lived an old hunter in the house. 這所房子里曾住過一位老獵人。There seems to be many listeners. 似乎有很多聽眾。 4. 副詞here, there, now, then等置于句首(經常與go, come等動詞連用),全句需要全部倒裝。Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來了。 Now comes your turn. 現在輪到你了。如果主語是人稱代詞則不用倒裝。: Here they are. 他們在這兒。5 表示時間的副詞now,then引導的句子，謂語動詞是come,begin,end,follow,be等時，句子要用全部倒裝Then came the worker.如果主語是人稱代詞則不用倒裝。Then he went.接著他走了二、部分倒裝部分倒裝是只把特殊動詞（be動詞，情態動詞和助動詞）放在主語前，叫部分倒裝1.否定副詞never,hardly,seldom,little,not等置于句首Hardly could he believe his own eyes.他幾乎不相信自己的眼睛2only狀語置于句首Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用這種辦法，你才能學好英語3.副詞so放在句首，構成 “So+特殊動詞主語”表示同上邊的肯定情況相同。Neither/ Nor放在句首構成“Neither/ Nor +特殊動詞主語”表示同上邊的否定情況相同。謂語動詞的時態、語態應與前句謂語的時態、語態相一致,數由后一句主語而定A:I have finished my homework.(我已經做完作業了) B: So has he. (他也做完了)。A:I havent seen that film. 我沒看過那部電影。 B:Neither (Nor) have I. 我也沒有。“So主語+特殊動詞”表示贊同對方的觀點A:She studies very hard.她學習很努力B:So he does.的確這樣. not only. but also.連接兩個并列句,且not only置于句首時,前句需要部分倒裝。如:Not only did he dislike the way we spoke, but he disliked the way we dressed. 他不但不喜歡我們說話的方式,而且也不喜歡我們著裝的方式。Exercise 1. Miss Huang together with her friends _ shopping every Sunday evening. A. go B. went C. going D. goes2. The United Nations _ in 1945. A. are set up B. were set up C. was set up D. is set up3. Ten kilometers _ way.A. are quite long B. are quite a long C. is quite a long D. is a quite long4. How many students are there in your class? - _ the students in our class _ over fifty. A. The number of; is B. The number of; are C. A number of; is D. A number of; are5. Look! There _ playing with the children on Dongfeng Square.A. are a number of deer B. is a number of deer C. are a number of deers D. is a number of deers6. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. was B. were C. is D. are7. Each of the students _ a dictionary. A. have B. has C. is D. are8. Will your sister go to visit Dalian during this summer vacation? If I dont go,.A.neither will she B.neither does sheC.so will she D.so did she9. The Greens _ France since the spring of 1990. A. have been to B. have been in C. has been to D. had been in10. How many teachers are there in your school? - About 150. One third of them _ men teachers. A. have B. has C. are D. is11. When and where to go for the holiday _ yet. A. have not been decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. has not been decided12.His hobby istaking photoscollecting stamps. Its growing flowers.A.either; or B.both; and C.not only; but also D.neither; nor13. Have you ever been to Hangzhou, Lucy? No, I havent. What about you?.A.So do I B.Me, neither C.Me, too D.So have I14. Your trousers _ dirty, you must have _ washed. A. is, them B. are, it C. are, them D. is, it15. Not only the student but also Mr. Smiths _ tired of having one examination. A. is B. are C. was D. were16. My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest _ difficult. A. were B. are C. was D. is17. The poor _ happy; but the rich _ sad. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is18. John and his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are19. Either my friends or I _ going to the library on Monday. A. is B. be C. am D. are20. Why did you choose English instead of Japanese? - Because Japanese _ as popular as English. A. isnt B. arent C. has been D. have been21. To save time _ to lengthen life. A. are B. was C. were D. is22. Never in the life_ of such a thing. A.he has heard B.has he heard C.he heard D.did he hear23. The Chinese _ peace but they arent afraid of war. A. love B. loves C. loved D. loving24. Not only _ to speak English ,but also he learns to write in English.A.he learns B.does he learn C.has he learnt D.he has learnt25. Nothing _ difficult in the world, _ it? A. are, are B. is, isnt C. are, arent D. is, is26. On the east of the river _ three buildings. A. lies B. stands C. stand D. are standing27 Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his class who _ by their teacher. A. praises B. is praised C. praise D. are praised28. Swimming in the pool with the children _ very interesting. A. has B. have C. is D. are29. _ politics difficult for you to learn? A. Are B. Do C. Does D. Is30. No news _ good news. A. am B. are C. is D. be31. John with his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are32. Jimmys family _ a large one. The whole family _ watching TV. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is33. Half of the apple _ bad. A. are B. is C. were D. has34. The singer and dancer _ yet. A. dont come B. didnt come C. havent come D. hasnt come35. With the help of people the number of pandas _ more and more. A. is getting B. are getting C. got D. hasnt got36. _ that pair of new _ Tonys? A. Are; shoes B. Is; shoes C. Are; shoes D. Is; shoe37. The number of people invited_fifty,but a number of them_ absent for different reasons.A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were38.Two thirds of the work_ be