名詞性從句,l have a dream. I can enter a key university,1.我的夢想是我能進入一所重點大學。,My dream is that I can enter a key university.,2.我能進.入一所重點大學是我的夢想。,That I can enter a key university is my dream.,I have a dream that I can enter a key university.,3.我有一個夢想我能進入一所重點大學,4.我總是夢想著我能進入一所重點大學。,I always dream that I can enter a key university.,(A) Tom: What are you doing? Jack: Im thinking about what I should do? Tom: What do you mean? Jack: Ive got a message that my girl friend will come this afternoon. A party was hold here last night, so I must clean the room before she comes. Tom: Take it easy. Id like to help you. Tell me what I can do. Jack: Good guy. Its great that I have a friend like you. Tom: Then, lets begin.,簡單句 并列句 復合句 主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句 狀語從句,1.When we will start is not clear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4. I had no idea that you were her friend.,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,I 名詞性從句的種類,(1)從屬連詞,whether,that,(2)連接代詞,what who which,whom whose,whatever,whoever,whichever,(3)連接副詞,when,why,where,how，,if/as if (只用于表語從句）,只起連接作用， 不充當從句 中的任何成分。,既起連接作用， 本身又做從句的 主語、賓語、 表語或 定語（whose）。,既起連接作用， 本身又做從句的狀語。,how many，,how much，,主語從句一般有三種結構：,1. 主語從句+謂語+（賓語）,That she will win the match is certain.,2.It +be +形容詞（名詞詞組、過去分詞）+that從句,It is good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.,It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting,3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物動詞)+that從句,It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.,1).主語從句一律用陳述句語序,即主語在前,謂語在后. 誤: When will he come is not known.,2).連接詞that在主語從句中無實際意義,但不能省略. 誤: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,正: When he will come is not known.,正: That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,主語從句中語序與that的省略：,注意,主語從句中的“主謂一致”：,3).主語從句通常被看作一個整體, 主句的謂語動詞用單數形式.,That they will come _certain.,4). What 引導主語從句時, 主句謂語動詞的單復數由表語的單復數決定.,What he wants _these books. What he wants _some water.,注意,is,are,is,賓語從句的結構,主句 + 連接詞(引導詞) + 賓語從句,在句子中起賓語作用的句子叫賓語從句，賓語從句 放在及物動詞或介詞之后作賓語。,I dont know why he is always late for school.,We all agree with what you said at the meeting.,賓語從句,1、當主句動詞是現在時或將來時，從句根據自身的句子情況，而使用不同時態。 I know (that) he studies English every day. I know (that) he studied English last term. I know (that) he will study English next year. I know (that) he has studied English since 1998.,賓語從句中的“時態呼應”,賓語從句中的 “否定轉移”,若主句謂語動詞為: think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等， 其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。 I dont think he will come here. I dont think the dress fits you well。,賓語從句一律用陳述句的語序。 2) whether和if都可以引導賓語從句，但: (1) 當whether后緊跟or not時, 不用if; 例: I dont know _I will stay or not. (2) 介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if . 例: I worry about _ I hurt her feeling.,賓語從句注意事項,注意,whether,whether,1. I wondered _ you were so angry. 2. It all depends on _ they will support us . 3. I cant imagine _made him act like that. 4 . Im delighted _I have passed the exam. 5. I find it necessary _ we should do the homework.,用適當的連接詞填空,why,whether,what,that,that,賓語從句,請思考？,表語從句 表語從句位于連系動詞后,有時用as if引導。 其基本結構為:主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。 1. be, look, remain, 等系動詞后均可跟表語從句： My suggestion is that we should go shopping. 2. as if 也可引導表語從句。 It looks as if its going to rain.,3.the reason why is that 和It is because 等結構。,It was because I got up late.,同位語從句在句中作同位語，它一般要放在主 句中某些名詞的后面，說明這些名詞的含義。可跟 同位語從句的名詞主要有： fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。 如： Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown. We heard the news that our team had won. We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.,定語從句,同位語從句,3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區別,(1) 定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。,(2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述它的性質或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行具體內容的補充說明。例如：,1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。）（第一個that引導的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語） 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分）,（I）試比較下面兩個例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good. 2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.,（that引導定語從句, 作賓語, 可以省略）,（that引導同位語從句,在從句中不擔當任何成分，但不可以省略）,辨別下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句 1.We heard the news that our team had won. 2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位語從句,同位語從句,定語從句,表語從句,考點一：區別that , what與which 考點二：區別whether 與if 考點三：區別 what, whatever, 與 no matter what . 考點四：it 作形式主語或形式賓語 考點五：名詞性從句的語序,名詞性從句考點歸納 :,考點1：連接詞： that 與 what 的區別,What he said makes me happy. That a new teacher will come is true .,that 只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不充當任 何成分, 且在賓語從句中有時可省。 what 既起連接作用, 又在從句中作 主語, 賓語, 表 語 (且在名詞性從句中只有what可作表語）,考點2. 區別if 與whether,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.,whether / if,whether,3. _ they can do it matters little to us. 4. _ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you.,Whether,If,1.他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他來不來不重要。 _doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter whether he will come or not.,That he made such a mistake,It is a pity that he made such a mistake.,考點 ：it作形式主語,形式賓語,it 作形式主語,Whether he will come or not,it 指代后面從句所敘述的內容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或when從句,it 作形式賓語,make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .,1. Ive got to make clear that he told a lie. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 他發現很難使別人理解他. He found _.,it,it difficult to make himself understood,it,考點5 語序問題,1. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,從句一定用陳述語序,3. He asked _ for a violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,請找出以下復合句的名詞性從句并分析其類型 1. The question why we must learn English has been asked many times.,2. That is where Lu Xun once lived. 3. Whether you come or not is up to you. 4. We thought it strange that Tom did not come yesterday. 5. Its uncert