1、welcome,music,Grammar and usage,名詞性從句(Noun clause),That you dont like him is none of my business. 2. I believe that he can pass the final exam. 3. The trouble is that I have lost his address. 4. The news that China won the match excited us.,_,subject,object,predicative,appositive,什么叫名詞性從句？,在句子中起名詞作用

2、的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses） 名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等 因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。,名詞性從句 noun clauses,主語從句 subject clause,賓語從句 object clause,表語從句 predicative clause,同位語從句 appositive clause,名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞,His job is important.,What he does is important.,主語,This is his job.

3、,This is what he does every day.,表 語,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,賓 語,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,同 位 語,找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結出規律： 1.Could you tell me where does he live? 2.I dont know when will he come.,Could you tell me

4、 where he lives?,I dont know when he will come.,規律：名詞從句中須使用陳述語序！,主語從句,What she did is not yet known. Whoever comes is welcome. Whether hell come here isnt clear.,I doubt whether he will succeed. You may do what you like. He told us that he felt ill.,賓語從句,The trouble is that I have lost his address.

5、All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday. The question is how he did it.,表語從句,They were all worried about the fact that you were sick. Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. I have no idea whether hell come or not.,同位語從句,How to judge a

6、clause: 學習名從要知道; 及物動詞最重要; 動詞之前叫主從; 動詞之后是賓從。 系動詞也賊重要; 它的后面跟表從; 千萬不能忘介詞; 它的殿后亦賓從,關于that引導的主語從句,That he is still alive is unbelievable. That we shall be late is certain. 特點：無意義，不作任何句中成分，只起連接作用，不可以省略！,注意,有時候為了平衡句子結構，避免頭重腳輕，或者是為了強調，常用it來做形式主語，把that引導的主語從句放到后面。 It is certain that she will do well in her e

7、xam. Its a pity that we cant go. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.,1. It + be + adj. ( true, certain, possible, obvious, likely) that 2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder, an honour, a pity,) that 3. It+ be + V-ed (said, reported, expected, announced.) tha

8、t.,It 作形式主語的句型:,I think (that) English is easy to learn. You said (that) you like your mother very much. 特點：無任何實際意義，也不作任何句子成分，只是起連接作用，且常常省略。,關于that引導的賓語從句,在某些復合賓語的句式中，也常用it作形式賓語，把that引導的賓語從句放在后面。 She made it clear that she had nothing to do with the matter. We thought it a pity that he couldnt come.

9、,注意,特殊情況,that 在以下情況不省略： 1. make, find, feel, consider等這些詞的后面用it作形式賓語時，that不省略。 I find it necessary that we should study English.,2. 及物動詞后有兩個賓語從句時，第二個that不可以省略。 He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there. 3. 與動詞相隔離的賓語從句一般不省略that. The teacher tells us that we sh

10、ould study hard.,that 引導表語從句，用來表示某一事實，也能表示某人的觀點，意見，要求和希望等 The problem is that her parents couldnt accept me. The fact is that he cant come tomorrow. 特點: that作為連接詞，不充當任何成分且一般不省略,關于that引導的表語從句,The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name

11、 is a pity. 特點：對前面的名詞作進一步的說明，無實際意義，不作任何成分，但不可以省略。,關于that引導的同位語從句,if (是否)和whether 的選用,if只能使用于: a. 及物動詞后的賓語從句 b. ifor not I wonder if/whether thats a good idea. I want to know if/whether he will come or not.,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow

12、depends on the weather.,if / whether,Whether,3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.,whether,whether/if,whether,6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont

13、 know _ to go.,whether,whether,whether,that 和what 的選用,that 和 what 都可引導所有的名詞從句。但是，what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。而that在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用。,that / what,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.,What,That,that

14、,what,5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,what,what,that,what,其它連接代詞和副詞的連用,主要根據名詞性從句中的具體意義, 正確的選擇who, whom , whose, which、 when、 where 、 why、 how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當各種成

15、分。,我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。I dont know _broke the glass yesterday.,When,who,我不知道他長的什么樣子。 I have no idea _ he looks like.這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.,what,where,注意,如果suggest,order,advise,insist, require, request等動詞時,后面that引導的賓語從句;sugge

16、stion, order, advice , request, requirement等名詞時,后面that引導的表語從句，同位語從句用“(should)+動詞原形”。 His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once. He gave me a suggestion that I ( should )have a rest now.,practice,3.A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do. A.how B.after C.what D.when 4.Ca

17、n you tell me _? A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman,5.He didnt know which room_. A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 6.To get the job started, _I need is from here. A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that

18、,7.In some countries _is called “equality” doesnt really mean equal rights for all people. A.which B.what C.that D.one 8.Go and get your coat. Its _you left it. A.there B.where C.there where D.where there,9._ you dont like him is none of my business. A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 10.The reason_I pla

19、n to go is _she will be disappointed_I dont . A. why; because; when B. why; that; if C. because; that; if D. why; that; whether,11.-_can I do with a situation? -Take_measure you consider best. How ; whichever B.What;whatever C.How ;whatever D.What;whichever 12._she said suggested that she hadnt deci

20、ded _to go or not. A. What; if B. That; whether C. What; whether D. Whether; what,13.He made a promise _anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A.that B.if C.what D.that if 14._would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _there are all kinds of difficulties. A. Who;somewher

21、e B. Whoever; where C. Whatever; anywhere D.Who; there,15.-Can I sit in the front row? -Yes. You can take _seat you like. A. whatever B.what C. whichever D.which 16.They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _night began to fall. A.what; that B.it; that C.what; when D.which; what,17._ gone is gone. _ no use talking about it any more. A. Thats; Its B. Whats ; Its C. Its; Thats D. Thats; thats 18.I didnt quite follo