2011年考研英語一真題及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughteras“abodilyexerciseprecioustohealth.^^

But--someclaimstothecontrary,laughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysical

filnessLaughterdoesshort-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,

heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto,agood

laughisunlikelytohavebenefitstheway,say,walkingorjoggingdoes.

,insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparently

accomplishesthe,studiesdatingbacktothe1930'sindicatethatlaughter,muscles,

Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelptheeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,the

actoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesoffeedback,thatimprovean

individuaFsemotionalstate.oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartially

rootedphysicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdo

notcrytheyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhentetearsbegintoflow.

Althoughsadnessalsotears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflowmuscular

responses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritz.

1.[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like

2.[A]reflectfB]demand[C]indicate[D]produce

3.[AJstabilizing[BJboosting[CJimpairing[DJdetermining

4.[A]transmit[BJsustain[CJevaluate[DJobserve

5.[Ajmeasurable[B]manageable[CJaffordable[DJrenewable

6.[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inaddition[D]Inbrief

7.[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected

8.[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes

9.[AJaggravate[BJgenerate[CJmoderate[DJenhance

10.[AJphysical[BJmentl[C]subconscious[DJinternal

11.[A]Exceptfor[BJAccordingto[CJDueto[DJAsfor

12.[AJwith[B]on[CJin[D]at

13.[A]unless[B]untilC]if[D]because

14.[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses

15.[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond

16.[AJfetch[BJbite[Cjpick[D]hold

17.[AJdisappointed[BJexcited[C]joyful[DJindifferent

18.[AJadapted[BJcatered[CJturned[DJreacted

19.[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing

20.[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]Conversely

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[BJ,

[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirector

hasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhis

appointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.

“Hooray!Atlast!”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.

Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertis

comparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert'sappointmentinthe

Times,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.”

Asadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledby

musicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsome

Timesreadersasfaintpraise.

Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobe

sure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryforme

tovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodo

istogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfrom

iTunes.

Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformanceare

missingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classical

instrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,and

museums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20th

century.Thererecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartistic

qualitythantoday'sliveperformances;moreover,theycanbe“consumed"atatimeandplaceof

thelistener'schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtabouta

crisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.

Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnot

yetavailableonrecord.Gilbert'sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRoss,a

classical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonic

into“amarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization.^^Butwhatwillbethenatureofthat

difference?Merelyexpandingtheorchestra'srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthe

Philharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica'soldest

orchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract.

21.WelearnfromPara.lthatGilbert'sappointmenthas

[A]incurredcriticism.[B]raisedsuspicion.[C]receivedacclaim.[D]arousedcuriosity.

22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois

[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.

23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers

[AJignoretheexpensesofliveperformances.[BJrejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances.

[CJexaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances.[DJoverestimatethevalueofliveperformances.

24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?

[A]Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality.

[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.

[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic.[DJTheyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces.

25.RegardingGilbert'sroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels

[AJdoubtful.[BJenthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.

Text2

WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanation

wassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecame

rightoutandsaidhewasleaving“topursuemygoalofrunningacompany."Broadcastinghis

ambitionwas“verymuchmydecision/5McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthe

firsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOand

chairmanonSeptember29.

McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindof

companyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.

AndMcGeeisn'talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquit

withtheexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccession

plansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodon'tgetthenodalsomaywishto

moveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvague

pronouncementscloudtheirreputations.

Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomake

thejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoas

nervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomy

picksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders.

Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookfbrabetteroneisunconventional.Foryears

executivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesare

theoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:VIcan'tthinkofa

singlesearchI'vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst.”

Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven'talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.Ellen

MarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeage,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.Itwasayear

beforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleft

Citigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancial

institutionthreeyearslater.

Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishas

madeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone."Thetraditionalrulewasit's

safertostaywhereyouare,butthat'sbeenfundamentallyinverted,saysoneheadhunter.4tThe

peoplewho'vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho'vestayedtoolong.”

26.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing

[AJarrogant.[B]frank.[CJself-centered.[DJimpulsive.

27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutives,quittingmaybespurredby

[A]theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus.[B]theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelife.

[C]theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards.[D]theirpursuitofnewcareergoals.

28.Theword“poached”(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

[AJapprovedof.[BJattendedto.[CJhuntedfbr.[DJguardedagainst.

29.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts.[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated.

[Cltopperformerscaremoreaboutreputations.safertosticktothetraditionalrules.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

[AJCEOs:WheretoGo?[BJCEOs:AlltheWayUp?

[CJTopManagersJumpwithoutaNet[DJTheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformers

Text3

Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.

Whiletraditionalt4paid,,media-suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements-still

playamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumers

passionateaboutaproductmaycreate“owned“mediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproducts

andsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroad

rangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.

Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.For

earnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers'responses.Butinsomecases,one

marketer'sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer'spaidmedia-forinstance,whenan

e-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmedia

whosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengines

withinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybegan

withretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.

Johnson&Johnson,forexample,hascreatedBabyCenter,astand-alonemediapropertythat

promotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincome,the

presenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective,givescompaniesopportunitiesto

learnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies,marketing,andmayhelpexpand

usertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned.

Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmore(and

morediverse)communicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumers

willvoicetheiropinionsinquicker,morevisible,andmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijacked

mediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers,

otherstakeholders,oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.

Membersofsocialnetworks,forinstance,arelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapply

pressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem.

Ifthathappens,passionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproducts,

puttingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacase,thecompany'sresponsemay

notbesufficientlyquickorthoughtful,andthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotor,for

example,alleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelatively

quickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign,whichincludedeffortstoengage

withconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg.

31.Consumersmaycreate“earned“mediawhentheyare

[AJobsessedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites.

[B]inspiredbyproduct-promotinge-mailssenttothem.

[C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityproducts.

[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproducts.

32.AccordingtoParagraph2,soldmediafeature

[AJasafebusinessenvironment.[B]randomcompetition.

[C]strongusertraffic.[D]flexibilityinorganization.

33.TheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia

[A]inviteconstantconflictswithpassionateconsumers.

[B]canbeusedtoproducenegativeeffectsinmarketing.

[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercercompetition.

[DJdeserveallthenegativecommentsaboutthem.

34.ToyotaMotor'sexperienceiscitedasanexampleof

[A]respondingeffectivelytohijackedmediaJB]persuadingcustomersintoboycottingproducts.

[C]cooperatingwithsupportiveconsumers.[D]takingadvantageofhijackedmedia.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout?

[AJAlternativestoconventionalpaidmedia.[BJConflictbetweenhijackedandearnedmedia.

[C]Dominanceofhijackedmedia.[DJPopularityofownedmedia.

Text4

It'snosurprisethatJenniferSenior'sinsightful,provocativemagazinecoverstory，love

MyChildren,IHateMyLife,“isarousingmuchchatter-nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethe

suggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enriching

experience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Senior

suggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbe

measuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.

Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwrites

that"theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintense

gratificationanddelight.^^

Themagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonly

Madonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive

-andnewlysingle-momSandraBullock,aswellastheusual"JenniferAnistonispregnant”

news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,smilingonthe

newsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,isitanywonderthatadmittingyou

regrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesn'tseem

quitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparents

rarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn'thavehadkids,butunhappychildlessfolksare

botheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:

obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeople

presentishugelyunrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.

Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,single

parentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakid

withoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheir"own”

(read:withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.

It'shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReese

andAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.But

it'sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free,happiness-enhancing

parenthoodaren'tinsomesmall,subconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswith

theactualexperience,inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRacheF,might

makeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston.

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring

[A]temporarydelight[B]enjoymentinprogress

[Cihappinessinretrospect[D]lastingreward

37.WelearnfromParagraph2that

[AJcelebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip.

[BJsinglemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention.

[CJnewsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining.

[D]havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.

38.ltissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks

[A]areconstantlyexposedtocriticism.[B]arelargelyignoredbythemedia.

[CJfailtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities.[DJarelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife.

39.AccordingtoParagraph4,themessageconveyedbycelebritymagazinesis

[AJsoothing.[BJambiguous.[C]compensatory.[DJmisleading.

4O.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

[AJHavingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcelebritymoms.

[BiCelebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowardschildrearing.

[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwithlife.

[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing.

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagrapharegiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthem

intothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsEandGhavebeencorrectlyplaced.Markyouranswerson

ANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

[AJNodisciplineshaveseizedonprofessionalismwithasmuchenthusiasmasthe

humanities.Youcan,MrMenandpointsout,becamealawyerinthreeyearsandamedical

doctorinfour.Buttheregulartimeittakestogetadoctoraldegreeinthehumanitiesisnine

years.Notsurprisingly,uptohalfofalldoctoralstudentsinEnglishdropoutbeforegettingtheir

degrees.

[B]Hisconcernismainlywiththehumanities:Literature,languages,philosophyandsoon.

Thesearedisciplinesthataregoingoutofstyle:22%ofAmericancollegegraduatesnowmajor

inbusinesscomparedwithonly2%inhistoryand4%inEnglish.However,manyleading

Americanuniversitieswanttheirundergraduatestohaveagroundinginthebasiccanonofideas

thateveryeducatedpersonshouldposses.Butmostfinditdifficulttoagreeonwhata“general

education"shouldlooklike.AtHarvard,MrMenandnotes,4<thegreatbooksarereadbecause

theyhavebeenread^-theyformasortofsocialglue.

[CJEquallyunsurprisingly,onlyabouthalfendupwithprofessorshipsforwhichthey

enteredgraduateschool.Therearesimplytoofewposts.Thisispartlybecauseuniversities

continuetoproduceevermorePhDs.Butfewerstudentswanttostudyhumanitiessubjects:

Englishdepartmentsawardedmorebachelor'sdegreesin1970-71thantheydid20yearslater.

Fewerstudentsrequiresfewerteachers.So,attheendofadecadeoftheses-writing,many

humanitiesstudentsleavetheprofessiontodosomethingforwhichtheyhavenotbeentrained.

[D]Onereasonwhyitishardtodesignandteachsuchcoursesisthattheycancutacross

theinsistencebytopAmericanuniversitiesthatliberal-artseducationsandprofessional

educationshouldbekeptseparate,taughtindifferentschools.Manystudentsexperienceboth

varieties.AlthoughmorethanhalfofHarvardundergraduatesendupinlaw,medicineor

business,futuredoctorsandlawyersmuststudyanon-specialistliberal-artsdegreebefore

embarkingonaprofessionalqualification.

[E]Besidesprofessionalizingtheprofessionsbythisseparation,topAmericanuniversities

haveprofessionalisedtheprofessor.Thegrowthinpublicmoneyforacademicresearchhas

speededtheprocess:federalresearchgrantsrosefourfoldbetween1960and1990,butfaculty

teachinghoursfellbyhalfasresearchtookitstoll.Professionalismhasturnedtheacquisitionof

adoctoraldegreeintoaprerequisiteforasuccessfulacademiccareer:aslateas1969athirdof

Americanprofessorsdidnotpossessone.Butthekeyideabehindprofessionalisation,arguesMr

Menand,isthat4ttheknowledgeandskillsneededforaparticularspecializationaretransmissible

butnottransferable.^Sodisciplinesacquireamonopolynotjustovertheproductionof

knowledge,butalsoovertheproductionoftheproducersofknowledge.

[FJThekeytoreforminghighereducation,concludesMrMenand,istoalterthewayin

which“theproducersofknowledgeareproduced.^Otherwise,academicswillcontinuetothink

dangerouslyalike,increasinglydetachedfromthesocietieswhichtheystudy,investigateand

criticize.^^Academicinquiry,atleastinsomefields,mayneedtobecomelessexclusionaryand

moreholistic."Yetquitehowthathappens,MrMenanddosenotsay.

[G]ThesubtleandintelligentlittlebookTheMarketplaceofIdeas:ReformandResistance

intheAmericanUniversityshouldbereadbyeverystudentthinkingofapplyingtotakea

doctoraldegree.Theymaythendecidetogoelsewhere.Forsomethingcurioushasbeen

happeninginAmericanUniversities,andLouisMenand,aprofessorofEnglishatHarvard

University,captureditskillfully.

G-41.f42.fE-43.-44.-45.

PartC

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.

YourtranslationshouldbewrittencarefullyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

Withitsthemethat“Mindisthemasterweaver,“creatingourinnercharacterandouter

circumstances,thebookAsaManThinkingbyJamesAllenisanin-depthexplorationofthe

centralideaofself-helpwriting.

(46)Allen'scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenot

robotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.Becausemostofus

believethatmindisseparatefrommatter,wethinkthatthoughtscanbehiddenandmade

powerless;thisallowsustothinkonewayandactanother.However,Allenbelievedthatthe

unconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmind,and(47)whilewemaybe

abletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindalone,inrealityweare

continuallyfacedwithaquestion:"WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat?”

Sincedesireandwillaredamagedbythepresenceofthoughtsthatdonotaccordwith

desire,Allenconcluded:"Wedonotattractwhatwewant,butwhatweare."Achievement

happensbecauseyouasapersonembodytheexternalachievement;youdon't"get"successbut

becomeit.Thereisnogapbetweenmindandmatter.

PartofthefameofAllen'sbookisitscontentionthat"Circumstancesdonotmakeaperson,

theyrevealhim.”(48)Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,anda

rationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseat

thebottom.

This,however,wouldbeaknee-jerkreactiontoasubtleargument.Eachsetof

circumstances,howeverbad,offersauniqueopportunityforgrowth.Ifcircumstancesalways

determinedthelifeandprospectsofpeople,thenhumanitywouldneverhaveprogressed.Infat,

(49)circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehave

been“wronged“thenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromour

situation.Nevertheless,asanybiographerknows,aperson'searlylifeanditsconditionsare

oftenthegreatestgifttoanindividual.

ThesoberingaspectofAllen'sbookisthatwehavenooneelsetoblameforourpresent

conditionexceptourselves.(50)Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthat

everythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsinthearrayoflimitations,nowwebecome

authoritiesofwhatispossible.

SectionHIWriting

PartA

51.Directions:

Writealettertoafriendofyoursto

1)recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand

2)givereasonsforyourrecommendation

Yourshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheleter.User“LIMING“instead.

Donotwritertheaddress.(10points)

PartB

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,you

should

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)explainit'sintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YourshouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

雄在★啟用前

2011年全國碩士研究生入學統一考試

英語（_）試題答案和評分參考

一、參考答案Section1UseofEnglish(10points)

4.B5.A

3.B

i.

I.C9.C10.A

8.D

*7?A

6.B14.C15.B

toC13.D

11.B20.C

18.D19.A

1J7，?cA

16.D

ReadingComprehension(60poinxs)

Section11

PartA(40poinB)

25.A

23.D24.B

21.C22.B

29.A30.C

27.D28.C

26.B35.A

33.B34.A

31.D32.C

40.B

38.A39.D

36.C37.D

PartB(10points)

PartC（10points）

46.艾倫的貢獻在于，他拿出“我們并^機器人，因此能掌控自己的思想"這一公二的

O.并揭示了其修誤所在，

47.盡管我們或許可以僅憑意識來維系“控制”這種錯覺，現實中我們還是不斷要面對

一個同息：“我為什么不辭讓自己做這個或實現那個？”

48.這似乎是在為忽視黃困者的行為作鑄護，為剝削、為社會上層人群的優越及社會底

層人群的卑津找理由.

49.壞境仿佛就是為了激發我們的最大潛能而設，如果我們覺褥自己遭受了“不公

就不太可能有意識地去努力擺脫自己的處境?

50.其正面意義在于，了解了一切都取決于我們自己?即有了諳多可能；此前我們是諳

外各冷局限的專家，現在我們成了駕馭各種可舵性的權威?

美語（-）認題答盒和評分界**I?（&4頁）

附閱讀PartA翻譯：

譯文1

2009年紐約交響樂團突然宣布聘用艾倫?吉爾伯特為下一位樂曲指揮，從那時起一直到現在，這次任命都成

為古典音樂界的話題。退一步說，從總體上看，反應還是不錯的。如冷靜的古典音樂評