熱點(diǎn)09人與自我閱讀理解之首字母填空題首字母填空類短文題是近幾年中考試題經(jīng)常采用的題型之一，因?yàn)樗蟹浅：玫男哦群托Ф龋帜芾_(kāi)考生間的分差、提高區(qū)分度。這種題型屬于能力測(cè)試的范疇，它考查的范圍極廣，可以是英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的方方面面，還可能涉及其它學(xué)科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上將單詞拼寫(xiě)出來(lái)，并且單詞形式合理，符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范，符合短文需要。這種試題的首字母已給，所填的就必須是該字母開(kāi)頭的單詞。這既是一種限制，又是一種提示。可是這種題型因難度相對(duì)較大，考生失分現(xiàn)象比較嚴(yán)重。學(xué)生要仔細(xì)閱讀全文，利用上下文提供的有關(guān)信息，再仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)句子，判斷所缺單詞的句子成分，才能完成練習(xí)。完型填空式中考試卷中最難的題型，最能測(cè)量考生實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。要做好此類題目，考生不但要有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)感，善于體會(huì)上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，而且要有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備和較大的詞匯量?？疾橹攸c(diǎn)是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞這幾大詞類。英語(yǔ)閱讀主題意境中涉及到人與自我的主要話題包括：自我認(rèn)知與成長(zhǎng)：作品可能探討人物對(duì)自己內(nèi)心世界的認(rèn)知，以及他們?cè)诮?jīng)歷中的成長(zhǎng)和變化。自我實(shí)現(xiàn)與追求：作品可能探討人物對(duì)于自我價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)與追求，及他們?cè)谶@個(gè)過(guò)程中面對(duì)的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。內(nèi)心世界與情感表達(dá)：作品可能描繪人物內(nèi)心的復(fù)雜情感，以及他們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^(guò)行為和言辭來(lái)表達(dá)這些情感。自我價(jià)值與存在意義：作品可能探討人物對(duì)于自我價(jià)值意義的思考，以及他們對(duì)生活、命運(yùn)的理解與回應(yīng)。【應(yīng)試技巧】短文填空題失分率較高，其原因也是較多的。有些同學(xué)或急于求成，或過(guò)于自信，或?yàn)楣?jié)省時(shí)間，在未通讀完全文時(shí)便匆匆答題。殊不知這樣做會(huì)適得其反，達(dá)不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正確的解題方法和技巧是十分必要的。1.通讀全文，了解大意短文中雖有一些詞未知，但不影響對(duì)文章主要內(nèi)容的理解。在初步閱讀中，可以跳過(guò)空格，盡量捕捉文章所提供的內(nèi)容信息，以及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析與判斷。2.再讀全文，理清脈絡(luò)通讀全文、掌握大意后，還應(yīng)逐字逐句地仔細(xì)閱讀，從文意中找出句與文、句與句、詞與句、詞與詞之間的關(guān)系，尤其是一些不易察覺(jué)的、隱含的微妙關(guān)系，用已知信息去獲取未知信息，以便初步確定答案。在答題過(guò)程中，同學(xué)們可以把有把握的詞先填好，逐步減少空格對(duì)閱讀造成的障礙，然后再仔細(xì)推敲剩下的難題。3.仔細(xì)推敲，確保準(zhǔn)確詞義判斷正確了不等于答題正確，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)從詞法、句法、慣用法等方面考慮答案的準(zhǔn)確性。有的學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)思考確定了一個(gè)意思正確的詞作為答案，但忽略了從語(yǔ)法角度再進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，因而出現(xiàn)了一些與時(shí)態(tài)、人稱等有關(guān)的詞形變化的錯(cuò)誤。如果填的詞是名詞，首先要考慮到單、復(fù)數(shù)的問(wèn)題；如果是動(dòng)詞，要考慮應(yīng)使用什么時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意：填入的詞既能使句意通順，又能做到語(yǔ)法、用詞搭配的正確。如bought易誤答成buy；lights易誤答成light；reaches易誤答成reach;heavier易誤答成heavy等。因此，在初步確定答案后，一定還要反復(fù)考慮，仔細(xì)推敲，確保用詞準(zhǔn)確4.復(fù)讀全文，全面檢查答題完畢后復(fù)讀全文，進(jìn)行核查是必不可少的。做完題后，一定要認(rèn)真檢查，盡量減少粗心所致的筆誤或拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)有疑問(wèn)的地方，更要根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容、上下文的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯發(fā)展進(jìn)行反復(fù)斟酌，這樣才能盡量避免失分。一、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation(中國(guó)烹飪協(xié)會(huì)).Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods:ready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Thesefoodsusuallyr1heatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinf2.“Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition(營(yíng)養(yǎng))loss,”LiuJunya,a33-year-oldprofessorindietinBeijingsaid.“Butnutritionlossdoeshappenwhenweheatorfrythefood.VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatp3.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore,pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.“B4,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandmaycauseserioushealthproblemsinthelongterm.Additives(添加劑)area5problemrelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyaremainlyusedtoimprovetheflavourofthefood,aswellastokeepit,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustryhasalreadyhadmoderntechnologytokeeppre-madefoodswithoutanyadditives.Inthiswaysomefoodcanbekeptforalongertime.Butit’sn6thatcustomersonlybuypre-madefoodsfrombigandqualified(有資質(zhì)的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene(衛(wèi)生).“Inthiswaywehopepre-mademealswillbea7bymoreandwillbringconvenienceinsteadofworriestopeople.Butatpresent,noonecantell.”Liusaid.【答案】1．(r)equire2．(f)ridges3．(p)rocess4．(B)esides5．(a)lso6．(n)ecessary7．(a)ccepted【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是議論文。針對(duì)預(yù)制菜對(duì)于青少年來(lái)說(shuō)是否健康進(jìn)行談?wù)摗?．句意：這些食物通常需要在上菜前先加熱或烹飪。根據(jù)“heatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.”可知這些食物需要加熱，“require”符合題意，上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為“thesefoods”，故動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(r)equire。2．句意：許多人認(rèn)為預(yù)制食品不太健康，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔＰ枰４嬖诒?。根?jù)“becausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptin”可知把食物放在冰箱里，“fridge”符合題意，此處用復(fù)數(shù)。故填(f)ridges。3．句意：在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，肉類和蔬菜中的維生素B和C可能會(huì)流失。根據(jù)“VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthat”可知是在加熱這個(gè)過(guò)程過(guò)程中會(huì)流失維生素，根據(jù)首字母可知“process”符合題意。故填(p)rocess。4．句意：此外，許多預(yù)制食品公司將食物的味道置于營(yíng)養(yǎng)之上。根據(jù)“manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition”以及前一段可知，本段是對(duì)預(yù)制菜的缺點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步敘述。根據(jù)首字母可知“besides”符合題意。故填(B)esides。5．句意：添加劑也是與預(yù)制食品有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)“problemrelatedtopre-madefoods”可知，本段是關(guān)于預(yù)制菜中添加劑的使用的，故是對(duì)缺點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，根據(jù)首字母可知“also”符合題意。故填(a)lso。6．句意：但顧客只從大型合格食品公司或超市購(gòu)買(mǎi)預(yù)制食品是很有必要的。根據(jù)“thatcustomersonlybuypre-madefoodsfrombigandqualified(有資質(zhì)的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.”可知民眾要從大公司購(gòu)買(mǎi)預(yù)制菜，這是必要的，根據(jù)首字母可知“necessary”符合題意。故填(n)ecessary。7．句意：通過(guò)這種方式，我們希望預(yù)制餐能被更多人接受，給人們帶來(lái)方便而不是擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)“wehopepre-mademealswillbe”可知是被更多的人接受，“accept”符合題意，此處用過(guò)去分詞和be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填(a)ccepted。二、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Homesweethome—thisphrasebringsbackgoodmemoriesandfeelings.Theplaceyoucallhomemightbeahouse,aflat,atentorotherplaces.H8didyouknowthattheconditionofyourlivingspacecanhaveaneffectonyouremotions(情感)andevenonyourmentalhealth?Byorganizingyourlivingspace,youcanhelptoachieveamorepeacefullife.AddlightItgoeswithoutsayingthatthelightinginyourroomorinyourhousecana9yourmood.Ifthelightingistoodim(昏暗的),yourmoodmayendupmatchingthedarkatmosphere.Artificial(人工的)lightmaynotdothetrick,though.Itisbettertoopenyourcurtainsbecausen10sunlightmakesyourwholedaybrighter.GogreenTomakesureyouhavegoodmentalhealth,surroundyourselfwithgreenplants.Alargenumberofstudieshaveshownthatthepresenceofgreenplantsinyourhomecani11mood.Choosecolorsw12Thecolorofyourenvironmenthasanactiveinfluenceonyourmood.Choosingcolorsthatcreateacalmatmosphere(氛圍)canbeatypeoftreatment.CleanitupLet’salladmitit;Wehavetroublekeepingourspaceclean.Butitdoesn’tjustlookterrible;itmakesyoufeelterrible.Anuntidyroombothshowsstressandcausesstress.Disordercanshowthatyou’retoobusytokeepthingstidy,butthenlookingatam13canleadtomorestress.Cleaningupdoesn’thavetotakeallday—justtake10or15minutesandputafewthingsaway.Youwillbesurprisedhowmuchbetteryou’llfeel.Thereisnol14towaysyoucanmakeyourenvironmentgoodforyourmentalhealth.Youcanputupphotosofyourfamilyandfriendsorpostencouragingnotesfrompeoplethatshowhowmuchtheyloveyou.Justremember:Yoursurroundingscanmake“homesweethome”muchsweeter.【答案】8．(H)ow9．(a)ffect10．(n)atural11．(i)mprove12．(w)isely13．(m)ess14．(l)imit【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹居住空間的條件會(huì)影響你的情緒，甚至?xí)绊懩愕男睦斫】?。文章具體給出一些建議。8．句意：你如何知道你的居住空間的條件會(huì)影響你的情緒，甚至影響你的心理健康？根據(jù)后句“Byorganizingyourlivingspace,youcanhelptoachieveamorepeacefullife.”可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)方式，用疑問(wèn)詞How放句首，故填(H)ow。9．句意：不用說(shuō)，你房間或家里的燈光會(huì)影響你的情緒。根據(jù)“Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthelightinginyourroomorinyourhousecan...yourmood.”可知，燈光會(huì)影響你的情緒，affect“影響”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(a)ffect。10．句意：最好打開(kāi)窗簾，因?yàn)樽匀还鈺?huì)讓你的一整天都更明亮。根據(jù)“Itisbettertoopenyourcurtainsbecause...sunlightmakesyourwholedaybrighter.”可知，打開(kāi)窗簾，自然光會(huì)進(jìn)來(lái)；natural“自然的”，作定語(yǔ)修飾sunlight，故填(n)atural。11．句意：大量研究表明，在家里擺放綠色植物可以改善情緒。根據(jù)“Alargenumberofstudieshaveshownthatthepresenceofgreenplantsinyourhomecan...mood.”可知，綠色植物可以改善情緒，improve“改善”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，故填(i)mprove。12．句意：明智地選擇顏色根據(jù)“Choosecolors...”可知，要明智地選擇顏色，wisely“明智地”，修飾動(dòng)詞，故填(w)isely。13．句意：混亂可能表明你太忙而無(wú)法保持東西整潔，但是看著混亂會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的壓力。根據(jù)“Disordercanshowthatyou’retoobusytokeepthingstidy,butthenlookingata...canleadtomorestress.”可知，看著混亂會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的壓力，mess“混亂”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(m)ess。14．句意：讓你的環(huán)境對(duì)你的心理健康有益的方法是沒(méi)有限制的。根據(jù)“Thereisno...towaysyoucanmakeyourenvironmentgoodforyourmentalhealth.”可知，讓你的環(huán)境對(duì)你的心理健康有益的方法是沒(méi)有限制的，limit“限制”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(l)imit。三、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)ThepowerofpositivethinkingIsyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?Thisquestionisoftenusedtot15people’sattitudeinasituation:Peoplewhostayactivealwayshavepositivethinking(ahalf-fullglass),whilethosewhoarenegativeusuallylookontheotherside(ahalf-emptyone).Whyispositivethinkinggoodforyou?Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohavepositivethinkingarelikelytoexperiencel16stressandcandobetterwhenfacedwithchallenges.However,peoplewhoalwaysexpecttheworsttohappenmayfindithardtobelievethesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshavefoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyouhappierandmores17.Thisisbecauseyoubelievethatyoucanreachyourgoals,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.Whyisworryinglikeafirealarm?Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe.Ifyouwereneverworried,youwouldn’tnoticethedangerahead.Butthef18isthatitsometimesgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface.Whenthishappens,youmayfeelupsetandanxiousaboutwhatisgoingtohappen.HowdoIdealwiththe‘firealarm’?1.Gosomewherepeacefulandc19yourself.Takefivedeepbreathsandthinkofyourfavouritesportsstars.Whatwouldtheysay?2.Talktoafriendortrustedadultaboutyourworriesandtrytounderstandwherethe‘firealarm’iscomingfrom.3.Sometimesthealarmwilld20ifyousingtoyourself,listentomusic,cuddlethecat,haveabathorhavesomethingtoeatordrink.HowcanIbepositive?Thesewordsaretakenfromchildren’sbooksforyourreference.1.‘Happinesscanbefoundeveninthed21times,ifonerememberstoturnonthelight.’2.‘Iamnotafraidofstorms,forIamlearninghowtosailmyship.’【答案】15．(t)est16．(l)ess17．(s)uccessful18．(f)act19．(c)alm20．(d)ie21．(d)arkest【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了積極思考的相關(guān)信息。15．句意：這個(gè)問(wèn)題通常用來(lái)測(cè)試人們?cè)谀撤N情況下的態(tài)度：積極的人總是有積極的想法（半滿的杯子），而那些消極的人通?？戳硪贿叄ò肟盏谋樱?。根據(jù)“Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?”可知，這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案是用來(lái)測(cè)試的，結(jié)合首字母提示t可知，動(dòng)詞test“測(cè)試”符合語(yǔ)境，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填(t)est。16．句意：研究表明，積極思考的人可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷更少的壓力，在面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)也能做得更好。根據(jù)“dobetterwhenfacedwithchallenges”可知，此處應(yīng)填一形容詞的比較級(jí)，表示“更少的壓力”，結(jié)合首字母提示l可知，less“更少的”符合語(yǔ)境。故填(l)ess。17．句意：科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，積極思考能讓你更快樂(lè)、更成功。這是因?yàn)槟阆嘈拍憧梢赃_(dá)到你的目標(biāo)，這鼓勵(lì)你朝著目標(biāo)努力。根據(jù)“Scientistshavefoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyouhappierandmore”和“Thisisbecauseyoubelievethatyoucanreachyourgoals,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.”可知，積極思考能讓你更快樂(lè)、更成功，結(jié)合首字母提示s可知，successful“成功的”符合語(yǔ)境。故填(s)uccessful。18．句意：但事實(shí)是，它有時(shí)會(huì)在沒(méi)有巨大危險(xiǎn)的情況下爆炸。根據(jù)“isthatitsometimesgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface”可知它有時(shí)會(huì)在沒(méi)有巨大危險(xiǎn)的情況下爆炸，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)，結(jié)合首字母提示f可知，fact“事實(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境。故填(f)act。19．句意：去一個(gè)安靜的地方，讓自己平靜下來(lái)。根據(jù)“Gosomewherepeacefuland”可知，讓自己平靜下來(lái)，結(jié)合首字母提示c可知，calmoneself“使某人平靜下來(lái)”為固定搭配，此處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(c)alm。20．句意：有時(shí)候，如果你給自己唱歌、聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)、抱抱貓、洗個(gè)澡或吃點(diǎn)東西或喝點(diǎn)什么，警報(bào)就會(huì)消失。根據(jù)“singtoyourself,listentomusic,cuddlethecat,haveabathorhavesomethingtoeatordrink”可知，此處說(shuō)的是，讓警報(bào)消失的方法，will后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合首字母提示d可知，die“消失”符合句意。故填(d)ie。21．句意：幸福即使在黑暗的時(shí)候也能找到，只要你記得打開(kāi)燈。根據(jù)定冠詞the和“ifonerememberstoturnonthelight”可知，此處指的是“最黑暗的時(shí)刻”，結(jié)合首字母提示d可知，空格出應(yīng)填形容詞dark“黑暗的”的最高級(jí)形式darkest。故填(d)arkest。四、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)OpenyourmindBeingcuriousabouttheworldaroundyoucanboostyourconfidence.Asanewschoolyearbegins,openingyourmindtonewpeopleandexperienceswillhelpyoumakefriendsandd22newinterests.Don’tworryaboutit—haveago!Havinganopenmindandbeingcuriousmeanstryingtounderstandotherpeople’st23andideas,evenifyoudon’talwaysagreewiththem.Italsomeanstryingnewexperiencesandexploringdifferentwaysofdoingthings.Youcanhaveanopenmindabouta24.Thenewschooltermmeansthereareplentyofopportunitiestoopenyourmind,findanewactivitytotry,makenewfriendsandintheprocess,learnmoreaboutyourself.Therearemanyb25tobeingopenminded.KendraCherryisanauthorandexpertinfeelings,andshesaysithelpsyoulearnnewthingsabouttheworldandthepeoplearoundyou.Thismakesyoufeelmoreconfidentandpositiveaboutfacingchallenges.Havinganinterestinotherpeoplegivesyoumoreempathy,whichmeansyouunderstandandsharetheirfeelings,saysCherry.Beingopentof26ideascanalsocreateexcitingnewonesofyourown.Startbyaskingquestions,saysCherry.Soifyou’reunsureaboutjoininganewclub,askyourselfwhat’sstoppingyou.Imaginehowitfeelstolearnanews27,meetnewpeopleandmakefriends.Don’tjumptoasuddendecisionbutgiveyourselftimetothinkaboutitfirst.Ifsomeonesayssomethingyoudisagreewith,theninsteadofdecidingtheyarew28orarguingback,takeamomenttoconsiderwhytheyhavethatopinion.Finally,openyourmindtonewideas.Evenifyouthinkyou’reanexpertonasubjectthereisalwaysmoreyoucanlearn,【答案】22．(d)evelop23．(t)houghts24．(a)nything25．(b)enefits26．(f)resh27．(s)kill28．(w)rong【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了我們要對(duì)任何事物都要持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，這會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)很多好處。22．句意：隨著新學(xué)年的開(kāi)始，向新的人和經(jīng)歷敞開(kāi)心扉將有助于你結(jié)交朋友，培養(yǎng)新的興趣。根據(jù)“newinterests.”可知是培養(yǎng)新興趣，develop“培養(yǎng)”，and前后動(dòng)詞形式一致，故此處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(d)evelop。23．句意：擁有開(kāi)放的心態(tài)和好奇心意味著試圖理解他人的想法和主意，即使你并不總是同意他們的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“andideas”可知是理解他人的想法，thought“想法”，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(t)houghts。24．句意：你可以對(duì)任何事情都持開(kāi)放態(tài)度。根據(jù)“Youcanhaveanopenmindabout”可知對(duì)任何事情都保持開(kāi)放的態(tài)度，anything“任何事”。故填(a)nything。25．句意：思想開(kāi)放有很多好處。根據(jù)“ithelpsyoulearnnewthingsabouttheworldandthepeoplearoundyou.”可知思想開(kāi)放有很多好處，benefit“好處”，many后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(b)enefits。26．句意：對(duì)新想法持開(kāi)放態(tài)度也可以創(chuàng)造出令人興奮的新想法。根據(jù)“Beingopento...ideascanalsocreateexcitingnewonesofyourown.”可知是對(duì)新想法持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，fresh“新的”。故填(f)resh。27．句意：想象一下學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能、結(jié)識(shí)新朋友的感覺(jué)。根據(jù)“Imaginehowitfeelstolearnanew...”可知是學(xué)習(xí)新技能，skill“技能”，a后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填(s)kill。28．句意：如果有人說(shuō)了你不同意的話，那么與其認(rèn)定他們錯(cuò)了或反駁，不如花點(diǎn)時(shí)間考慮一下他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)有這種觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“orarguingback”可知是反駁他們是錯(cuò)的，wrong“錯(cuò)的”。故填(w)rong。五、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Interviewwithanartisan(工匠)BakerJenny’sSweetsisafamousbakeryintheheartofJing’an.Itopenedin2016,andquicklybecamethefirstchoiceforlocals.Inthisinterview,wespeakwiththeowner,tolearnwhatmakesherbusinesssosuccessful.Whatdoesitmeantobean“artisan”baker?Itissoamazinghowwonderfule29hasbeenhere.Atfirst,openingabakeryinanewcountrywasworried.Butthepeopleherearesonice,andtheyr30likecomingtomylittleartisanbakery.Whymakeeverythingbyhand?Well,tome,itmeansthatwemakeourbreadandcakesbyhand,thet31way.Wedon’tusemachinesorfrozenfoodstomakeourproducts.Ourproductsarehealthierandtastebetterb32everythingismadefresheverymorning,IknowthatamommyisfeedingherfamilywithbreadImade.It’sabigr33togivethemhealthy,tastyfoodsthatwillmakethemhappy.Ifweusedmachinestomakeourproducts,allofourcakepopswouldbethesame.Wouldn’tusingmachinesmakeyourjobeasier?Isupposeso.Ifweusemachines,wecouldmakemoreproducts.Itwouldbemuchc34,too.Also,wewouldn’tselloutofpopularproducts,sowewouldmakemoremoney.But,ourbreadwouldn’ttastenearlyasgood.Anditwouldbealotlesshealthy.Personally,Ip35tosellOUTofsomethinggood,thansellaLOTofsomethingbad.Astheysay:“QualityoverQuantity(數(shù)量).”【答案】29．(e)veryone/(e)verybody30．(r)eally31．(t)raditional32．(b)ecause33．(r)esponsibility34．(c)heaper35．(p)refer【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇對(duì)一位工匠面包師的采訪內(nèi)容。29．句意：這里的每個(gè)人都很棒，真是太棒了。根據(jù)“Itissoamazinghowwonderfule...hasbeenhere.”可推出此處指來(lái)這里的每個(gè)人，everyone/everybody“每個(gè)人”。故填(e)veryone/(e)verybody。30．句意：但是這里的人都很好，他們真的很喜歡來(lái)我的小手工面包店。根據(jù)“andtheyr...likecomingtomylittleartisanbakery”可推出是真的很喜歡來(lái)小手工面包店，really“真的”，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填(r)eally。31．句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著我們用傳統(tǒng)的方式手工制作面包和蛋糕。根據(jù)“wemakeourbreadandcakesbyhand”可推出用手工制作面包和蛋糕屬于傳統(tǒng)的方式，traditional“傳統(tǒng)的”。故填(t)raditional。32．句意：我們的產(chǎn)品更健康，味道更好，因?yàn)槊繕訓(xùn)|西都是每天早上新鮮制作的。句子前果后因，用because表示“因?yàn)椤?，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故填(b)ecause。33．句意：給他們健康、美味的食物，讓他們開(kāi)心，這是一個(gè)很大的責(zé)任。根據(jù)“togivethemhealthy,tastyfoodsthatwillmakethemhappy”可推出這些事面包店的責(zé)任，responsibility“責(zé)任”，a后用單數(shù)。故填(r)esponsibility。34．句意：也會(huì)便宜得多。根據(jù)“Ifweusemachines,wecouldmakemoreproducts.”結(jié)合常識(shí)可知產(chǎn)量多會(huì)更便宜，cheap“便宜的”，結(jié)合“moreproducts”可知用比較級(jí)cheaper。故填(c)heaper。35．句意：就我個(gè)人而言，我寧愿把好東西賣(mài)光，也不愿賣(mài)很多壞東西。prefertodosth.thandosth.“寧愿做某事也不愿做某事”，I后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)refer。一、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Oneday,Jacksonagedeightwentfishingwithhisfather.Atnoonhefeltthatsomethingbigonhisline,hec36tookthefishoutofthewater.Itwasthel37onehehadeverseen.Hisfatherlookedathiswatch.Itwasnearlythreehoursbeforethefishingseasonopened.Helookedatthefish,thenatJackon.“You’llhavetoputitback,son,”hesaid.“Dad!”criedJackon.“Therewillbeotherfish,”saidhisfather.“Notasbigasthisone,”criedJackon.Helookeda38.Therewerenootherfishermen.Helookedagainathisfather.Hecouldtellthatthed39wasnotnegotiable（可以商量的）.Heslowlyworkedthehookoutofthefishandputitintothewater.Thatwas35yearsago.Today,Jacksonisanexcellentmanager.Hesometimest40hisownchildrentofishinthesameriver.Hehasn41againcaughtsuchalargefishastheonehegotthatday.Buthedoesseethatsamefishagainandagaineverytimehecomesupagainstaquestionofethics（道德）.Dowedorightwhenn42islooking?Wewouldifweweretaughttoputthefishbackwhenwewereyoung.【答案】36．(c)arefully37．(l)argest38．(a)round39．(d)ecision40．(t)akes41．(n)ever42．(n)obody【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了Jackson和父親去釣魚(yú)，釣魚(yú)過(guò)程中Jackson學(xué)到了人生重要一課。36．句意：中午，他覺(jué)得釣線上有個(gè)大東西，他小心翼翼地把魚(yú)從水里撈了出來(lái)。根據(jù)“somethingbigonhisline”可知，他釣到了一只很大的魚(yú)，結(jié)合首字母與動(dòng)詞“took”可知此處應(yīng)為carefully“小心翼翼地、認(rèn)真地”，故填(c)arefully。37．句意：這是他見(jiàn)過(guò)的最大的一只。根據(jù)“hefeltthatsomethingbigonhisline”與“hehadeverseen”可知魚(yú)非常重；結(jié)合首字母及“the”可知應(yīng)為largest“最重的，最大的”，故填(l)argest。38．句意：他看向四周。根據(jù)“l(fā)ooked”和首字母可知此處考查lookaround“看向四周”，故填(a)round。39．句意：他看得出來(lái)決定是不可談判的。根據(jù)“Heslowlyworkedthehookoutofthe名詞decision“決定”，故填(d)ecision。40．句意：根據(jù)“hisownchildrentofishinthesameriver”可知他會(huì)帶小孩去這條河垂釣，根據(jù)結(jié)合首字母可知考查takesbtosp“帶某人去某地”；結(jié)合“Hesometimes”可知一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)單三，故填(t)akes。41．句意：他再也沒(méi)有釣到像那天那樣大的魚(yú)了。根據(jù)“Buthedoesseethatsamefishagainandagaineverytimehecomesupagainstaquestionofethics（道德）”可知雖然他沒(méi)再釣到那樣大的魚(yú)，但每次他遇到道德問(wèn)題時(shí)，他都會(huì)一次又一次地看到那條魚(yú)，結(jié)合首字母和“again”可知此處考查neveragain“再也未”，故填(n)ever。42．句意：當(dāng)沒(méi)人在看的時(shí)候，我們做得對(duì)嗎？根據(jù)前文和“Therewerenootherfishermen.”可知當(dāng)時(shí)他釣到很大的魚(yú)，四周無(wú)人但父親還是讓他放了，結(jié)合首字母可知此處應(yīng)為nodody“無(wú)人”，故填(n)obody。二、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Afriendofminewasfondofdrawinghorse.Hedrewthehorsesverywell,buthealwaysbeganthetail.NowitistheWesternruletobeginattheheadofthehorse,thatiswhyIwassurprised.Itstruckmethatitcouldnotreallymakeanydifferencew43theartistbeginsattheheadorthetailorthebelly(肚子)orthefootofthehorse,ifhereallyknowshisbusiness.Andmostgreatartistswhoreallyknowtheirbusinessdonotfollowotherpeople’srule.Theymaketheirownr44.Everyoneofthemdoeshisworkinawaypeculiar(奇特的)tohimself;andthepeculiaritymeansonlythathef45itmoreeasytoworkinthatway.Nowtheverysamethingistruetoliterature(文學(xué)).Andtheq46“HowshallIbegin?”onlymeansthatyouwanttobeginattheheadi47ofbeginningatthetailorsomewhereelse.Thatis,youarenotyetexperienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的)e48totrusttoyourownpowers.Whenyoubecomemoreexperiencedyouwillneveraskthequestion,andIthinkthatyouwilloftenbeginatthetail—thatistosay,youwillwritethee49ofthestorybeforeyouhaveeventhoughtofthebeginning.【答案】43．(w)hether44．(r)ules45．(f)inds46．(q)uestion47．(i)nstead48．(e)nough49．(e)nd【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了我們要相信自己的能力。43．句意：我突然想到，如果一個(gè)藝術(shù)家真正懂得自己的工作，他從馬的頭、馬的尾、馬的腹、馬的腳開(kāi)始畫(huà)，其實(shí)并沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。根據(jù)“theartistbeginsattheheadorthetailorthebelly（肚子）orthefootofthehorse”和首字母提示可知，whether...or...“無(wú)論是……還是……”符合句意，故填(w)hether。44．句意：他們制定自己的規(guī)則。根據(jù)“Andmostgreatartistswhoreallyknowtheirbusinessdonotfollowotherpeople’srule.”和首字母提示可知，藝術(shù)家自己制定規(guī)則，rules符合句意，故填(r)ules。45．句意：他們每個(gè)人都以自己獨(dú)特的方式工作；這種特殊性只意味著他發(fā)現(xiàn)用這種方式工作更容易。根據(jù)“itmoreeasytoworkinthatway”和首字母提示可知，覺(jué)得用這種方式工作更容易，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，finds符合句意，故填(f)inds。46．句意：“我該如何開(kāi)始?”這個(gè)問(wèn)題只意味著你想從頭部開(kāi)始，而不是從尾部或其他地方開(kāi)始。根據(jù)“HowshallIbegin?”和首字母提示可知，這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，qustion符合句意，故填(q)uestion。47．句意：“我該如何開(kāi)始?”這個(gè)問(wèn)題只意味著你想從頭部開(kāi)始，而不是從尾部或其他地方開(kāi)始。根據(jù)“ofbeginningatthetail”和首字母提示可知，不想從尾部或其他地方開(kāi)始，insteadof符合句意，故填(i)nstead。48．句意：也就是說(shuō)，你還沒(méi)有足夠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)去相信自己的能力。根據(jù)“youarenotyetexperienced”和首字母提示可知，沒(méi)有足夠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，enough符合句意，故填(e)nough。49．句意：當(dāng)你變得更有經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)，你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我認(rèn)為你會(huì)經(jīng)常從結(jié)尾開(kāi)始——也就是說(shuō)，你甚至在想到開(kāi)頭之前就寫(xiě)了故事的結(jié)尾。根據(jù)“Ithinkthatyouwilloftenbeginatthetail”和首字母提示可知，在想到開(kāi)頭之前就寫(xiě)了故事的結(jié)尾，end符合句意，故填(e)nd。三、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Differentpeoplemayfindthatdifferentlearningmethodsworkbestforthem.Whilesomewouldturntoteachersforhelpinordertogetbettergrades,otherschoosetostudyt50.Infact,manyuniversitiesencouragetheirstudentstoformstudygroupsandmakegooduseofthem.“Twoheadsarebetterthanone.”That’sthes51ideabehindstudygroups.Byparticipatinginastudygroup,studentscanbenefitfromsomeoftheirbestacademic(學(xué)術(shù)的)resources:otherstudents.Theygettopickeachother’sbrainsandi52theirownunderstandingofdifferentproblems.Moreover,studygroupscancreatetheslightlytense(緊張的)atmosphere.Manypeoplethinkit’sgoodtostudyinit.Forexample,somestudentstendtoprocrastinate(拖延)whentheyarestudyinga53.However,byjoiningastudygroup,theygettoobservetheirdiligentpartnersandaremorewillingtoworkharder.Studygroupsworkbestwhentheyares54.FourtofivestudentsisjustOK.Andit’snecessarytomakesureeveryonehasthesamegoal,toprepareforaparticulartest,todiscussclassreadingsortoreviewalecture’snotes.Inaddition,somestudygroupsliketogivememberscertainr55sothattheywouldstudymosteffectively.Firsttheyneedanorganizer.Heusuallygetsgroupmemberstoagreetoacommonpurposeandaconvenienttimeandplace.Theyalsoneedagroupmembertosearchforsourcesofinformation.Hisorherd56istoremindgroupmemberstoidentifytheirsources.Whenagroupmembersays“Ireadsomewherethat…”heorsheisusuallyaskedforspecifics(細(xì)節(jié)).Thispersonremindsthegroupthatit’simportanttoknowwhosaidwhatandwhereitwassaid.Andagatekeepertriestomakesurethatallgroupmembersareparticipating.【答案】50．(t)ogether51．(s)imple52．(i)mprove53．(a)lone54．(s)mall55．(r)oles56．(d)uty【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了小組學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)方法的優(yōu)勢(shì)。50．句意：有些人會(huì)向老師尋求幫助以獲得更好的成績(jī)，而另一些人選擇一起學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)“Whilesomewouldturntoteachersforhelpinordertogetbettergrades,otherschoosetostudy...”和首字母提示可知，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是和其他人一起學(xué)習(xí)，together“一起”。故填(t)ogether。51．句意：“三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮。”這是小組學(xué)習(xí)背后的純粹道理。根據(jù)“‘Twoheadsarebetterthanone’That’stheidea...”和首字母提示可知，“三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮”是小組學(xué)習(xí)的簡(jiǎn)單道理，simple“簡(jiǎn)單的，純粹的”。故填(s)imple。52．句意：他們可以互相討教，提高自己對(duì)不同問(wèn)題的理解。根據(jù)“and...theirownunderstanding”和首字母提示可知，指的是提高問(wèn)題的理解，并列連詞and前后動(dòng)詞形式一致，此處使用動(dòng)詞原形improve“提高”。故填(i)mprove。53．句意：例如，一些學(xué)生在獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)往往會(huì)拖延。根據(jù)“somestudentstendtoprocrastinate(拖延)whentheyarestudying...”和全文語(yǔ)境可知，本文主要介紹的是小組學(xué)習(xí)的好處，因此“procrastinate(拖延)”應(yīng)該是“獨(dú)自”學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)可能產(chǎn)生的。alone“獨(dú)自”。故填(a)lone。54．句意：學(xué)習(xí)小組人數(shù)少的時(shí)候效果好。根據(jù)下文“FourtofivestudentsisjustOK”和首字母提示可知，小組里有4到5人是合適的，是在強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量少，small“（數(shù)量）小”。故填(s)mall。55．句意：此外，一些學(xué)習(xí)小組喜歡給成員一定的角色，使他們能夠最有效地學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)下文“Firsttheyneedanorganizer...tosearchforsourcesofinformation.”和首字母提示可知，小組內(nèi)不同的成員有著不同的職責(zé)，role“角色”，由“members”可知，需要填“role”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(r)oles。56．句意：他或她的職責(zé)是提醒小組成員識(shí)別它們的來(lái)源。根據(jù)“Inaddition,somestudygroupsliketogivememberscertainroles；Hisorher...istoremindgroupmemberstoidentifytheirsources.”和首字母提示可知，不同的小組成員有不同的職責(zé)，因此答題空處指的是“他或她的義務(wù)或職責(zé)”，duty“義務(wù)，職責(zé)”，由“is”可知，此處使用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)。故填(d)uty。四、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，是其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一次，首字母已給)Ididn’tcrywhenIlearnedIwastheparentofadisabledchild.“Goaheadandcry,”thedoctoradvisedkindly,butIcouldn’tcrythen,norduringthedaysthatfollowed.WhenJennywasoldenough,Isenthertoakindergarten.Onthefirstmorning,Jennyspenthoursplayingbyherself.Itseemedthatshefeltveryl57.However,tomyjoy,Jenny’sclassmatesalwaysencouragedher,“yougotallyourspellingwordsrighttoday!”Infact,herspellinglistwasthee58.Latershefacedaverypainfulproblem—attheendoftheterm,therewasagamewhichhadsomethingtodowithphysicaleducation.ButJennywaswaybehindinit.MyhusbandandIwereanxiousabouttheday.Iwantedtokeepherhome.WhyletJennyfailinagymfilledwithparents,studentsandteachers?Butmyheartwouldn’tletmeoffthateasily.SoIpushedapale,unwillingJennyontotheschoolbus.Atthekindergarten,Iwasquiteworriedbecauseofherslowaction.Jennywouldprobablyholdup(阻礙)herteam.Thegamewentonwellu59itwastimeforthesack(麻袋)race.SurelyJennywouldfinditdifficult.Noweachchildhadtoclimbintoasack,jumptothefinishingline,returnandclimboutofthesack.InoticedJennystandingneartheendofherlineofplayers.Butasitwasherturntojoin,ac60tookplaceinherteam.ThetallestboybehindJennyplacedhishandsonherwaist(腰).Twootherboysstoodaheadofher.ThemomenttheplayerbeforeJennysteppedoutfromthesack,thosetwoboyspickedupthesackquicklyandheldito61whilethetallboyliftedJennyanddroppedherintoit.AgirlinfrontofJennytookherhandandsupportedher,makingsureJennygainedherbalance.Thenshejumpedf62,smilingandproud.Inthecheersofteachers,schoolmatesandparents,IsilentlythankedHeavenforthewarm,understandingpeopleinlifewhomakeitp63formydisableddaughtertobelikeherfellowhumanbeings.ThenIfinallycried.【答案】57．(l)onely58．(e)asiest59．(u)ntil60．(c)hange61．(o)pen62．(f)orward63．(