咸陽市2025年高考模擬檢測（二）英語試題注意事項：1．本試卷共10頁，全卷滿分150分，答題時間為120分鐘。2．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。3．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結束后，監考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthemeetingstart?A.At8:45.B.At9:00.C.At9:15.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Exchangetheshirt.B.Returntheshirt.C.Buyanewshirt.3.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsthenewproject?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewsoftware?A.Easy.B.Difficult.C.Uncertain.第二節（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Wherearethespeakersplanningtogofortheirtrip?A.Apopularcity.B.Aremotevillage.C.Aseasidetown.7.Howwillthespeakersgoonthetrip?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.8.Whatdoesthemansuggesttheytake?A.Adivingsuit.B.Enoughsnacks.C.Agoodcamera.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Choosingsomecourses.B.Knowingtheinterests.C.Findingmoreadvisors.10.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcoursesthissemester?A.Boring.B.Appealing.C.Challenging.11.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Tothehall.B.Totheoffice.C.Tothelab.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Whatdoesthemanwanttotryfirst?A.Weightlifting.B.Tabletennis.C.Badminton.13.Whydoesthewomanliketabletennis?A.Becauseithelpsbuildmuscle.B.Becauseitmakesherquicker.C.Becauseitimprovesendurance.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutbadminton?A.Satisfied.B.Puzzled.C.Concerned.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Whoistheman?A.Aninterviewee.B.Anassistant.C.Anorganizer.16.Whatrelevantexperiencedidthemanhave?A.Hetaughtthepracticalskillstoothers.B.Hehadexperienceincomparinggraphs.C.Heonceworkedinadesigncompany.17.Whydoesthemanwantthisjob?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Togainagoodreputation.C.Todevelopprofessionalskills.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Theimportanceofpottery.B.Thehistoryofpottery.CTheprocessofpottery.19.Whatwasthedailyuseofpotteryinancienttimes?A.Makingsomejewelry.B.Storingfoodandwater.C.Helpingbuildhouses.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthepotterystudy?A.Ithelpsunderstandtheancientlife.B.Ithelpsknowabouttheoldfashion.C.Ithelpsknowaboutancientmedicine.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATraintripsdeliveralittlesliceofeffortlessadventure,transportingtravelersthroughchanginglandscapeswithdiversepeople.Herearefourfavoriterailjourneys:CairotoLuxor,EgyptRoute:CairotoLuxorJourneytime:10hoursThisrailwaylineisafinewaytogettoknowtheancientcivilizations.MostvisitorschoosetotravelonanovernighttrainfromCairo,dozingoffatnight.RiseearlyforriverviewsbeforearrivingatLuxor’sornatestation.EllatoKandyLine,SriLankaRoute:KandytoEllaJourneytime:7hoursTherecanbenobetterwaytogetfromAtoBinSriLanka’scentralhighlandsthanonthistrain.ThistrainisalifelineforlocalsjourneyingfromKandyintothehills,aswellasabeloveddayoutfortravellers.Itpassesthroughteaplantations,farmingfields,andruraltemples.TohokuShinkansen,JapanRoute:TokyotoShinAomoriJourneytime:3hoursJapanwasthebirthplaceofhigh-speedrailbeginningwiththefirst‘bullettrain’in1960s.ThelongestandfastestistheTohokuShinkansen.Travellingat200mphisthatifyoublinkyouriskmissingtheviews—nonetheless,keepyoureyespeeledforglimpsesofKomineCastleandtheleafystreetsofthecity.BerninaExpress,SwitzerlandRoute:ChurtoTiranoJourneytime:4hoursCovering76miles,thisrideontheBerninaExpressmaybeshortbutitispackedwithdramaticscenery—passingthroughtunnels,overbridges,andacrosstheBerninaPass.Thejourneyisagreattrip,particularlystunninginwinter,withsnow-coveredlandscapes.1.WhatisthemainreasonfortouriststochooseEllatoKandyLine,SriLanka?A.Toenjoyhigh-speedtravel. B.Toexperiencelocalculture.CToviewsnowylandscapes. D.Toexperienceancientsites.2.WhenistheBerninaExpressespeciallywonderful?A.Inspring. B.Insummer. C.Inautumn. D.Inwinter.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Torecommendfourwonderfultrainjourneys.B.Tointroducethehistoryofthedifferentrails.C.Tocomparedifferenttrainroutesaroundtheworld.D.Toadvisereadershowtoplanagoodtrainjourney.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四條備受喜愛的鐵路旅行路線，包括每條路線的起點和終點、旅行時間以及沿途的景觀和特色。從而向讀者提供有關旅游目的地的詳細信息，以吸引他們前往旅行。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章EllatoKandyLine,SriLanka部分中的“ThistrainisalifelineforlocalsjourneyingfromKandyintothehills,aswellasabeloveddayoutfortravellers.Itpassesthroughteaplantations,farmingfields,andruraltemples.(這趟火車是當地人從康提前往山區的生命線，也是深受游客喜愛的一日游選擇。它會經過茶園、農田和鄉村寺廟)”可知，這趟列車是當地人從康提前往山區的生命線，且會經過茶園、農田和鄉村寺廟，游客乘坐這趟列車可以體驗當地的生活方式、看到當地的農業景觀以及宗教場所等，能夠很好地體驗當地文化。因此，游客選擇斯里蘭卡埃勒至康提線的主要原因是體驗當地文化。故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章BerninaExpress,Switzerland部分中的“Thejourneyisagreattrip,particularlystunninginwinter,withsnow-coveredlandscapes.(這是一段很棒的旅程，尤其是在冬季，白雪覆蓋的景色令人嘆為觀止)”可知，伯爾尼納快車的旅程非常棒，尤其是在冬季，白雪覆蓋的風景令人驚嘆。所以，伯爾尼納快車在冬季尤其美妙。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章開篇指出“Traintripsdeliveralittlesliceofeffortlessadventure,transportingtravelersthroughchanginglandscapeswithdiversepeople.Herearefourfavoriterailjourneys:(火車旅行能帶來一絲毫不費力的冒險體驗，載著旅客穿越不斷變化的風景，邂逅形形色色的人。以下是四條備受喜愛的鐵路之旅)”，表明火車旅行能帶來獨特體驗，接著分別介紹了四條不同的火車旅行線路，包括路線、行程時長以及各自的特色等，所以文章的主要目的是推薦這四條精彩的火車旅行線路。故選A。BLiuYuelai’sjourneybeganintheearly2000swhenhenoticedsomethingtroublinginShanghai’sneighborhoods.Atfirstglance,thecrackedandfadedconcretewallsurroundingarestaurantinXinjiang’scapitalUrumqiseemsanunlikelyplacetofindadynamiccenterofcreativity.Andyetit’sherethatchildren,chefs,retirees,andcollegestudentshavegatheredtopaintflowersandroosters,andplantpeppers,tomatoes,andsoon.This“oasis(綠洲)project”istheoriginalideaofLiuYuelai,aprofessoratTongjiUniversity’sCollegeofArchitectureandUrbanPlanninginShanghai.“Thiscanvas(畫布)hasbecomeagatheringareaforabout30Uyghurlocals,”Liuexplains,addingthatthetransformationhasincreasedinteractionsbetweennearbyresidentsaswellasboostedtheneighboringrestaurant’smonthlyearningsfrom120,000yuanto180,000yuan.Liu’svisionwassimpleyetpoweredspaces—likeoldconstructionoutbuildingsoremptyhospitalhallways—intogreen,productiveareaswherepeoplecouldreconnectwithnatureandeachother.Despitefacinginitialresistance,Liupersisted.Today,histeamhascreatedover1,000communitygardensacrossChina.Thesegardenshavebecomemorethanjustgreenspaces—theyareplaceswherecommunitiescometogether.In2022,duringagardenprojectinShanghai,localsgottoknowUncleMa,abicyclerepairmanwhohadlivednearbyforoveradecade.Throughworkingsidebysideinthegarden,theylearnedabouthislifeandevenhelpedhimfindanewjobwhenhefacedunemployment.“Thissmallgardenshowedthecommunity’sstrengthandcare,”Liurecalls.ForLiu,thesegardensarealsoawaytoslowdowninafast-pacedworld.“Naturetellsuswedon’thavetoworkrelentlessly,”hesays.Hisgoalistocreate2,040communitygardensinShanghai,formingagreennetworkthatcovers70%ofthecity’sneighborhoods.Throughhiswork,Liuisplantingseedsofchange,provingthateventhesmallestspacescanfosterconnection,belonging,andhope.4.WhatinspiredLiuYuelaitostartthe“oasisproject”?A.Theobservationoftheneighborhoods. B.Theneedtoboostthetourismindustry.C.Thestrongsupportfromlocalresidents. D.Thehighincomepotentialoftheproject.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuYuelai?A.Cautious. B.Humorous. C.Determined. D.Independent.6.TheauthormentionedtheexampleofUncleMainParagraph3toshow________.A.thegardensarepopularamongrepairmen B.thegardensarebeneficialforpeopleinneedC.thegardenscanhelpcreatejobopportunities D.thegardenscanstrengthencommunitybonds7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OasisProject:TurningCommunitiesOneGardenataTimeB.OasisProject:TransformingUnusedUrbanCornersCreativelyC.CommunityGardens:TheNewTrendinSuburbanDevelopmentD.CommunityGardens:HowTheyBoostLocalRestaurantIncome【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文圍繞劉悅來的“綠洲項目”展開，講述其將空間變為社區花園，增進社區聯系，帶來積極改變。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“LiuYuelai’sjourneybeganintheearly2000swhenhenoticedsomethingtroublinginShanghai’sneighborhoods.(劉悅來的歷程始于21世紀初，當時他注意到上海社區里一些令人不安的事情。)”以及后面關于“oasis(綠洲)project”的描述可知，是對社區的觀察促使劉悅來開始了“綠洲項目”。故選A項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Despitefacinginitialresistance,Liupersisted.(盡管最初面臨阻力，劉還是堅持了下來。)”可知，劉悅來在面對困難時沒有放棄，而是堅持自己的想法和行動，這體現了他堅定的品質。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Thesegardenshavebecomemorethanjustgreenspaces—theyareplaceswherecommunitiescometogether.In2022,duringagardenprojectinShanghai,localsgottoknowUncleMa,abicyclerepairmanwhohadlivednearbyforoveradecade.Throughworkingsidebysideinthegarden,theylearnedabouthislifeandevenhelpedhimfindanewjobwhenhefacedunemployment.‘Thissmallgardenshowedthecommunity’sstrengthandcare,’Liurecalls.(這些花園已經不僅僅是綠色空間——它們是社區成員聚集在一起的地方。2022年，在上海的一個花園項目中，當地人認識了在附近住了十多年的自行車修理工馬叔叔。通過在花園里并肩工作，他們了解了他的生活，甚至在他面臨失業時幫他找到了一份新工作。‘這個小花園展示了社區的力量和關懷，’劉回憶道。)”可知，作者提到馬叔叔的例子是為了說明這些花園可以加強社區成員之間的聯系，讓社區更有凝聚力。故選D項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了劉悅來發起的“綠洲項目”，把一些未充分利用的空間變成社區花園，這些花園不僅是綠色空間，還成為了社區成員聚集、交流、互助的地方，改變了社區。所以A項OasisProject:TurningCommunitiesOneGardenataTime(綠洲項目：一次一個花園地改變社區)既提到了“綠洲項目”，又突出了該項目對社區的改變，符合文意，適合作標題。故選A項。CArtificialintelligence,onceatheoreticalconcept,hasquicklybecomeadominantforceinthetechnologicallandscape.Injusttwoyears,AI-driventoolslikeChatGPTandDoubaohavemovedfromexperimentaltoessential,weavingtheirwayintoourwork,homes,andevenoursocialmediafeeds.Similarly,OpenAI’sDALL-E,anAIprogramcapableofgeneratingdetailedimagesandartfromtextualdescriptions,hasledtoaglobalconversationaboutthecreativepossibilitiesandpotentialpitfallsofAI.Asthesetechnologiescontinuetoadvance,theconversationunavoidablyturnstoregulation.TherehasbeenagrowingawarenessthatthepaceofAIinnovationmustbematchedwiththoughtfulgovernancetoensureitservesthepublicgoodwhileminimizingharm.MarzyehGhassemi,anassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScienceattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),pointedoutthatthequestionofwhetherornotAIshouldberegulatedisnotoneofpossibilitybutofnecessity.Intheabsenceofregulation,thereisarealriskthatAIcoulddevelopinwaysthatareinconsistentwithhumanvaluesandsocietalnorms,leadingtounintendedconsequences.IntermsofAIregulation,ElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)1012standard,alsoknownastheIEEEStandardforSystemservesasaroadmapforaddressingthevariedrisksassociatedwithemergingAItechnologies.ItsapproachcanbeadaptedtoAIsystems.ByfollowingtheIEEE1012standard,regulatorsandindustryprofessionalscansystematicallyassessandcontroltheriskslyinginAIapplications,pavingthewayforsaferandmorereliabletechnologyemployment.ProfessorShenWeixingfromtheLawSchoolofTsinghuaUniversityassumesthatpolicymakersshouldencouragetheevolutionoftheIEEE1012standarditselftoaddressmoreAI-specificissuesandkeepupwiththerapidlydevelopinglandscapeofAItechnologies.Bydoingso,theycanhelpcreatearegulatoryenvironmentthatnotonlyprotectsconsumersandthepublicbutalsofostersinnovationandgrowthwithintheAIsector.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pitfalls”inParagraph2mean?A.Failures. B.Advantages. C.Dangers. D.Opportunities.9.WhyisAIregulationnecessaryaccordingtoMarzyehGhassemi?A.BecauseAIwithoutregulationmaygoagainstmorality.B.BecauseAItechnologiesdeveloptoorapidlytocontrol.C.BecauseAIdevelopmentmayconflictwithhumanrights.D.BecauseAIinnovationmustbefasterthanitsgovernance.10.WhatdoweknowaboutIEEE1012standard?A.Itcangeneratedetailedimagesandartworks.B.IthassolvedallAI-specificissuescompletely.C.IthelpsregulatorscontrolrisksinAIapplications.D.Itisafixedrulethatcan’tbeadaptedtoAIsystems.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheurgencyofAIregulationduetoitsseriousconsequences.BTheimportanceofAIregulationandrelevantstandards.C.ThechallengesinAIregulationstandardimprovement.D.TheIEEE1012’sroleinAIinnovationandregulation.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是AI技術的快速發展及其帶來的創造性潛力與風險，強調了監管的重要性和相關標準的作用。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第三段中的“TherehasbeenagrowingawarenessthatthepaceofAIinnovationmustbematchedwiththoughtfulgovernancetoensureitservesthepublicgoodwhileminimizingharm.(人們越來越意識到，人工智能創新的步伐必須與深思熟慮的治理相匹配，以確保其服務于公共利益，同時將危害降到最低)”可知，人們意識到需要對AI進行監管，確保其服務于公共利益，同時將危害降到最低，結合劃線句子所在的句子“Similarly,OpenAI’sDALL-E,anAIprogramcapableofgeneratingdetailedimagesandartfromtextualdescriptions,hasledtoaglobalconversationaboutthecreativepossibilitiesandpotential…ofAI.(同樣，OpenAI的DALL-E是一種能夠根據文本描述生成詳細圖像和藝術作品的人工智能程序，它引發了關于人工智能創造性潛力及其潛在……的全球討論)”可知，此處講述的是OpenAI引發了人們對人工智能創造性潛力及其潛在危害的全球討論，所以劃線單詞的意思與“危害”意義相近。故選C項。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Intheabsenceofregulation,thereisarealriskthatAIcoulddevelopinwaysthatareinconsistentwithhumanvaluesandsocietalnorms,leadingtounintendedconsequences.(在缺乏監管的情況下，人工智能可能會以不符合人類價值觀和社會規范的方式發展，從而導致意外后果)”可知，缺乏監管的人工智能可能會違背人類價值觀和社會規范，從而導致意外后果，由此可知，MarzyehGhassemi認為人工智能監管是必要的，因為沒有監管的人工智能可能會違背道德。故選A項。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“ByfollowingtheIEEE1012standard,regulatorsandindustryprofessionalscansystematicallyassessandcontroltheriskslyinginAIapplications,pavingthewayforsaferandmorereliabletechnologyemployment.(通過遵循IEEE1012標準，監管機構和行業專業人士可以系統地評估和控制人工智能應用中的風險，為更安全、更可靠的技術應用鋪平道路)”可知，IEEE1012標準有助于監管機構控制人工智能應用中的風險。故選C項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段中的“Asthesetechnologiescontinuetoadvance,theconversationunavoidablyturnstoregulation.(隨著這些技術的不斷進步，不可避免地引發了對監管的討論)”以及第三段中引用了麻省理工學院副教授馬爾齊赫·加塞米的觀點，強調了對人工智能進行監管的必要性，同時在第四段和第五段中詳細介紹了IEEE1012標準如何幫助系統地評估和控制人工智能應用中的風險，從而推動更安全、更可靠的技術應用，由此可知，本文主要講述的是強調人工智能監管及其相關標準的重要性，以確保技術的安全性和可靠性，同時促進創新和發展。故選B項。DArecentstudypublishedinNatureMedicinehasrevealedthatmicroplasticsandnanoplastics(納米塑料)(MNPs)accumulateathigherlevelsinthehumanbrainthanintheliverandkidneys.Moreover,individualsdiagnosedwithdementia(癡呆)hadevenhigherlevelsofMNPsintheirbrains.MNPs,invisibletothenakedeye,originatefromlargerplasticproducts,animaltissuesandtheair,withindoorairoftencontainingmoreMNPsthanoutdoorair.Whenbreathedin,thesetinyparticlescantravelthroughthebodyandaccumulateinorganssuchasthelungs,bloodvessels,andbonemarrow.Alarmingly,evenlargerMNPscanpassthroughtheblood-brainbarrierandenterthebrain.BecausethesubstancebreathedinthroughthenoseallowsMNPstoreachtheolfactorybulb(嗅球),apartofthebrainthatprocessessmell,providingamoredirectroutetothebrain.Thestudyexamined52humanbrain,liver,andkidneysamplesfrom2016and2024.Theresultshowedthatbrainandliversamplesfrom2024hadsignificantlyhigherconcentrationsofMNPscomparedtothosefrom2016.Overall,brainsamplescontained7to30timesmoreMNPsthanliverandkidneysamples.Accordingtothefindings,theresearcherssuggestdramaticallyincreasingconcentrationsofMNPsinourhomes,airandwatercouldbetoblame.ThestudyalsofoundthatMNPslevelswere3to5timeshigherinthebrainsofindividualswithdementia.However,theresearchersemphasizethatthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanMNPscausedementia,butithighlightsanassociationthatrequiresfurtherstudy.Additionally,MNPscanacceleratethespreadofstomachcancercells.Whileitisimpossibletocompletelyavoidexposuretoplastics,Kasteel,aprofessorofthestudy,suggeststhatindividualscanmakesmallchoicestoreducetheirexposure.Scientistsarealsoworkingonsolutionstominimizemicroplasticsintheenvironmentthroughmeasuressuchasapplyingtheprecautionaryprincipleanddevelopingstrategiestolowerexposure,potentiallypreventingcertainhealthrisks.12.HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Byclassifyingdates.C.Byfollowingorders. D.Bycomparingfigures.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMNPsisincorrect?A.MNPsmaybefoundinmarineanimals. B.MNPscandirectlyenterhuman’sbrain.C.MNPscanseriouslyresultindementia. D.MNPsmayacceleratestomachcancer.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheaccumulationofMNPsinthehumanbrain?A.Dismissive. B.Optimistic. C.Supportive. D.Concerned.15.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchplan. B.Asciencereport. C.Ahealthleaflet. D.Aneducationpaper.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是微塑料和納米塑料在人體內積累的情況，及其對健康的影響和潛在風險。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Thestudyexamined52humanbrain,liver,andkidneysamplesfrom2016and2024.Theresultshowedthatbrainandliversamplesfrom2024hadsignificantlyhigherconcentrationsofMNPscomparedtothosefrom2016.Overall,brainsamplescontained7to30timesmoreMNPsthanliverandkidneysamples.(該研究分析了2016年和2024年的52份人類腦、肝和腎樣本。結果顯示，2024年的腦和肝樣本中MNPs的濃度顯著高于2016年的樣本。總體而言，腦樣本中的MNPs含量比肝和腎樣本高出7到30倍)”可知，第三段主要通過比較數據來展開內容。故選D項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Moreover,individualsdiagnosedwithdementiahadevenhigherlevelsofMNPsintheirbrains.(此外，被診斷患有癡呆癥的個體，其大腦中的MNPs水平甚至更高)”以及第四段中的“However,theresearchersemphasizethatthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanMNPscausedementia,butithighlightsanassociationthatrequiresfurtherstudy.(然而，研究人員強調，這并不一定意味著MNPs會導致癡呆癥，但它表明了一種需要進一步研究的關聯)”可知，患有癡呆癥的個體的大腦中MNPs水平甚至更高，但是并不一定意味著MNPs會導致癡呆癥，所以C選項“MNPscanseriouslyresultindementia.(MNPs可能會嚴重導致癡呆癥)”的說法是不正確。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Alarmingly,evenlargerMNPscanpassthroughtheblood-brainbarrierandenterthebrain.BecausethesubstancebreathedinthroughthenoseallowsMNPstoreachtheolfactorybulb(嗅球),apartofthebrainthatprocessessmell,providingamoredirectroutetothebrain.(令人擔憂的是，即使是較大的MNPs也能穿過血腦屏障進入大腦。因為通過鼻子吸入的物質可以讓MNPs到達處理嗅覺的大腦部位——嗅球，從而為MNPs提供了更直接進入大腦的途徑)”以及尾段中的“Whileitisimpossibletocompletelyavoidexposuretoplastics,Kasteel,aprofessorofthestudy,suggeststhatindividualscanmakesmallchoicestoreducetheirexposure.(盡管完全避免接觸塑料是不可能的，但參與研究的教授卡斯蒂爾建議，個人可以做出一些小的選擇來減少暴露)”可知，此處介紹了MNPs對人體健康的潛在危害，并呼吁減少暴露和采取預防措施，由此可知，作者對此問題持擔憂態度。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“ArecentstudypublishedinNatureMedicinehasrevealedthatmicroplasticsandnanoplastics(納米塑料)(MNPs)accumulateathigherlevelsinthehumanbrainthanintheliverandkidneys.(最近發表在《自然醫學》上的一項研究表明，微塑料和納米塑料（MNPs）在人腦中的積累量高于在肝臟和腎臟中的積累量)”以及下文中介紹的MNPs的來源、危害以及可能的解決方案可知，本文適合出現在科學報告中。故選B項。第二節（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Fromnewsemi-privatepetairplanestoroadtrips,thisiseverythingpetparentsshouldconsiderbeforehittingtheroad.Catsanddogsarenotjustpets.___16___So,notsurprisingly,morepetparentswanttobringtheirfurryfriendsalongwhentheytravel.Ifyou’renotsurewhethertobringyourpetalongwhiletraveling,theseanimalandtravelexpertsoffersomehelpfulguidance.Putyourpet’swell-beingfirst.Thoughyoumaybeexcitedatthesceneofbringingyourdoggyorkittyalongforthejourney,yourpetmaynotfeelthesameway.___17___Thisisespeciallytrueforseniorpetsorthosewithexistingmedicalissues.Youknowyourpetbest,butit’salwaysagoodideatogetintouchwithyourvet,saysLilianWong,aveterinarianandclinicalskillsinstructoratOregonStateUniversity’sCarlsonCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine.___18___Ifyou’vedecidedtobringyourpetalong,thenextdecisionishowtoreachyourdesireddestination.Ifpossible,Wongrecommendsroad-tripping.“Youcantakeasmanybreaksasyouandyourpetneed,”shesays.“Youcandrivetoanearbyvethospitalifthereisamedicalemergency.Whenyouaretravelingonaplane,youdon’thavethatflexibility.”Drivingisn’talwayspossibleorpractical,soyoumightlookintoflying.Inaddition,mostairlinescanonlyaccommodateahandfulofpetsperflight.___19___PrepareMentally.Acommonphrasethattravelprofessionalsoftensayis“___20___"Thissayingisespeciallytruewhentravelingwithpets,whichareliving,breathingandnaughtycreatureswithmindsoftheirown.Gointothetripwithamindsetthatatleastonethingwillgowrong,alwaystakeiteasyandstaycalm.Whatisnecessaryistohaveabackupplan.Setyourexpectationsappropriatelysoyoudon’tbecomefrustratedordisappointedanddomoreresearchthanyouthinkisnecessary.APackyourpatience.B.Planapet-friendlyjourney.C.Considerthemodeoftravel.D.Travelcouldbeharmfultotheirhealth.E.Sobookearlyandcalltoensurethere’saspotforyourpet.F.Theselovable,four-leggedcreatureshavebecomeourclosestcompanions.G.Someanimalshaveanadventurousspiritandlovetotravelwhileothersdon’t.【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.E20.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文圍繞攜寵旅行展開，從寵物健康、出行方式、心理準備等方面，為寵物家長提供實用指導。【16題詳解】根據上文“Catsanddogsarenotjustpets.(貓和狗不僅僅是寵物)”可知，此處強調貓和狗的特殊性。F選項Theselovable,four-leggedcreatureshavebecomeourclosestcompanions.(這些可愛的四條腿的生物已經成為我們最親密的伙伴)進一步說明了貓和狗在人們生活中的重要地位，與上文銜接緊密，解釋了它們不只是寵物，經成為親密伙伴。故選F。【17題詳解】根據上文“Thoughyoumaybeexcitedatthesceneofbringingyourdoggyorkittyalongforthejourney,yourpetmaynotfeelthesameway.(盡管你可能會為帶著你的小狗或小貓一起旅行的場景感到興奮，但你的寵物可能不會有同樣的感覺)”可知，這里強調了主人和寵物對于旅行感受的差異。結合下文“Thisisespeciallytrueforseniorpetsorthosewithexistingmedicalissues.(這對于老年寵物或那些有現有健康問題的寵物來說尤其如此)”可知，旅行可能對寵物造成傷害，尤其是老年或有健康問題的寵物。D項“旅行可能對他們的健康有害”符合語境。故選D。【18題詳解】根據下文“Ifyou’vedecidedtobringyourpetalong,thenextdecisionishowtoreachyourdesireddestination.Ifpossible,Wongrecommendsroad-tripping.(如果你決定帶上你的寵物，下一個決定就是如何到達你想去的目的地。如果可能的話，王建議公路旅行)”可知，這一段主要在講帶寵物旅行時要考慮的出行方式。C選項Considerthemodeoftravel.(考慮旅行的方式。)能夠概括這一段的主旨。故選C。【19題詳解】根據上文“Drivingisn’talwayspossibleorpractical,soyoumightlookintoflying.Inaddition,mostairlinescanonlyaccommodateahandfulofpetsperflight.(開車并不總是可行或實際的，所以你可能會考慮坐飛機。此外，大多數航空公司每個航班只能容納少數幾只寵物)”可知，因為航班能容納的寵物數量有限，所以要提前預訂。E選項Sobookearlyandcalltoensurethere’saspotforyourpet.(所以要早點預訂并打電話確保有你寵物的位置)符合語境，是對前面信息的合理推斷和總結。故選E。【20題詳解】根據下文“Thissayingisespeciallytruewhentravelingwithpets,whichareliving,breathingandnaughtycreatureswithmindsoftheirown.Gointothetripwithamindsetthatatleastonethingwillgowrong,alwaystakeiteasyandstaycalm.(當和寵物一起旅行時，這句話尤其正確，寵物是有生命、會呼吸且調皮的生物，它們有自己的想法。帶著至少會有一件事出錯的心態去旅行，總是要放輕松并保持冷靜)”可知，和寵物旅行時要保持耐心。A選項Packyourpatience.(帶上你的耐心)符合語境，是對下文內容的概括。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThesmalltownofMillfieldwasknownforitstightlyknit(編織)community.Everyyear,theyheldaharvestfestival,atimewheneveryonecametogetherto___21___thefruitsoftheirlabor.Butthisyear,asenseof___22___cloudedthetown.Thelong-awaitednewfactory,whichwassupposedtobringjobsanddevelopment,hadbeen___23___duetounforeseenenvironmentalissues.Emily,ayoungandambitious___24___fromthelocalpaper,decidedtodigdeeperintothestoryandbelievedtheremustbeawayto___25___thesituation.Emilystartedbyinterviewingthefactoryowners.Theywerefrustratedbut___26___.“We’veinvestedsomuchinthisproject,”saidMr.Thompson,theCEO,“butwe___27___theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.”Emilythenturnedtotheenvironmentalists.Theywere___28___aboutthefactory’spotentialimpactonthenearbyriver.“Theriveristhe___29___ofourtown,”saidDr.Green,anenvironmentalscientist.“Any___30___toitcouldbedisastrous.”AsEmilycontinuedherresearch,shefoundthattherewerealternativetechnologiesthatthefactorycould___31___toreduceitsenvironmentalfootprintandwroteaseriesofarticles___32___thesesolutions,hopingtosparkadialoguebetweenthetwosides.Thearticleshadanimmediate___33___.Representativesfromthefactory,theenvironmentalists,andthelocalgovernment___34___tofindacompromise.Thefestivalthatyear___35___anewmeaning.Itwasnotjustacelebrationofthecropsbutalsoacelebrationofthecommunity’sstrength.21.A.assess B.yield C.distribute D.observe22.A.excitement B.relief C.anxiety D.pride23.A.founded B.suspended C.completed D.expanded24.A.secretary B.passenger C.journalist D.conductor25.A.tackle B.accept C.maintain D.ignore26.A.strong-willed B.bloody-minded C.good-intended D.well-trained27.A.overestimate B.recognize C.concentrate D.investigate28.A.crazy B.curious C.worried D.enthusiastic29.A.boundary B.future C.memory D.lifeblood30.A.attention B.damage C.access D.reference31.A.adopt B.reject C.adapt D.abandon32.A.opposing B.dismissing C.presenting D.hiding33.A.comment B.impact C.session D.profile34.A.refused B.failed C.hesitated D.gathered35A.tookon B.turnedinto C.leftout D.headedoff【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.C25.A26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。小鎮新工廠因環境問題擱置，記者艾米麗推動多方對話找到解決辦法，讓豐收節有了新意義。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析：句意：每年，他們都會舉辦豐收節，這是每個人聚在一起慶祝他們勞動成果的時候。A.assess評估；B.yield出產；C.distribute分配；D.observe觀察，慶祝。根據上文“aharvestfestival”以及語境可知，豐收節是用來慶祝勞動成果的，observe有“慶祝”之意，符合語境。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析：句意：但今年，一種焦慮的情緒籠罩著這個小鎮。A.excitement興奮；B.relief寬慰；C.anxiety焦慮；D.pride驕傲。根據上文“ThesmalltownofMillfieldwasknownforitstightlyknit( 編織 )community.Everyyear,theyheldaharvestfestival,”和表示轉折的But可知，幾年節日期間小鎮居民感到焦慮，anxiety符合語境。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析：句意：期待已久的新工廠，本應帶來就業和發展，由于不可預見的環境問題被擱置了。A.found