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第1頁(共1頁)2025年高考備考高中英語個性化分層教輔之時態一.選擇題(共10小題)1.(2023秋?廣州期中)Thetrain________at10:30,soit________in10minutes.()A.isstarting;leaves B.isstarting;willhaveleft C.start;willleave D.starts;isleaving2.(2024春?紅橋區期末)Manyahouseinthepowerfulearthquake.Fortunately,largeamountsofmoneysofarforthosehomelessinthedisastrousearthquakeinGansuProvince.()A.wasdamaged;havebeencollected B.weredamaged;hasbeencollected C.hasbeendamaged;wascollected D.havebeendamaged;werecollected3.(2023秋?鹽田區校級期中)I______________toyouassoonasI__________there.()A.write,willget B.wrote,got C.wouldwrite,get D.willwrite,get4.(2023秋?和平區期末)Listen!Thecoach______thestrengthsofouropponentsbecauseourteam______againstthembefore.()A.hasexplained:weren'tplaying B.explains;won'tplay C.isexplaining:haven'tplayed D.willexplain:hadn'tbeenplaying5.(2023秋?和平區期末)We______theeveninguntilFrank______toanemergency()A.enjoyed;hadbeencalled B.enjoyed;wascalling C.wereenjoying;wascalled D.hadenjoyed;hascalled6.(2023秋?和平區期末)Iexpectyou______boredwithworkingatthePostOfficebythistimenextyearand_____foramoreinterestingjob.()A.havebecome;willhavelooked B.found;willhavepanned C.willhavebecome;willbelooking D.hadfound;hadbeenpanning7.(2024春?越秀區校級月考)Greatchanges_____inmyhometownandalotoffactories_____inthepast20years.()A.havetakenplace;havebeensetup B.havetakenplace;weresetup C.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup D.havebeentakenplace;weresetup8.(2023秋?鹽田區校級期末)Thedeadlyvirusthatinfectspigs_________amajorconcernforresearchersuntilit_________inChinain2018.()A.hasnotbeenconsidered:appeared B.hadnotbeenconsidered;appeared C.wasnotconsidered;appeared D.hadnotbeenconsidered;appearing9.(2023秋?龍崗區期末)Scientists______theoceancurrentssincelastmonthtobetterunderstandtheirinfluenceonclimatepatterns.()A.werestudying B.hadbeenstudying C.arestudying D.havebeenstudying10.(2022秋?天津期中)BythetimeHuangdanianmovedbacktoChina,he_______intheUKfor15years.()A.livesandworks B.waslivingandworking C.hasbeenlivingandworking D.hadbeenlivingandworking二.完形填空(共1小題)11.(2024春?讓胡路區校級期末)"Whydoyoualwaysapologizebeforeyouaskaquestion?"mycolleague,Danasked.Ilookedathim(1),notunderstandingwhathemeantbutfeltthattherewasmorethanatraceof(2)inhistone."There'snoreasonforit;youshouldn'tdothat,"hesaid."Sorryifitannoysyou,"Iresponded.Iprobablyannoyedhimagainby(3)again.Thishappenedover35yearsago,butIstill(4)itnow.Askingquestionsinconversationisn'tthat(5),atleastnottome.Ifiguredoutsome(6).Thefirstwasself﹣consciousnessandinsecurity.HadImissedsomethingtheprofessorsaid?Iknewsomestudents,asaresultofsuch(7),didn'taskquestions.Ihadenoughconfidencetoask,butnotenoughtonot(8)thewayofasking.Idon'tthinkitoccurredtomeatthetime,butitdidyearslater,thatitalsoprobablyrelatedtobeing(9).Iknewthatawomanwasalwaystoldtherewasalineofnot(10)otherstooaggressively.Besides,Ibecameconsciousofnotimplying(11)—Ididn'twantaprofessortothinkIwasquestioningtheirexpertise,orsuggestingtheywerea(12)teacher.Itseemedlikeareasonablestrategytostartby(13)thatIwaswrongoruninformed.BeforeDan'scomment,Ihadn'tthoughtaboutit(14),andmuchlessconsideredthattherecouldbea(15)whiledoingit.ButIwaslearningthattherewas,anditcouldbeunpleasant.Fortunately,IthinkI'vedoneitlessnow.(1)A.blanklyB.sadlyC.hopefullyD.impatiently(2)A.concernB.annoyanceC.excitementD.relief(3)A.arguingB.resistingC.escapingD.apologizing(4)A.accountforB.reflectonC.callforD.takeup(5)A.simpleB.surprisingC.clearD.logical(6)A.choicesB.decisionsC.reasonsD.actions(7)A.doubtB.lossC.achievementD.plan(8)A.strengthenB.softenC.changeD.keep(9)A.weakB.positiveC.femaleD.reasonable(10)A.impressingB.fightingC.chasingD.blaming(11)A.approvalB.defenceC.connectionD.judgment(12)A.badB.lazyC.responsibleD.creative(13)A.refusingB.insistingC.denyingD.acknowledging(14)A.crazilyB.fastC.consciouslyD.bitterly(15)A.failureB.disadvantageC.virtueD.barrier三.閱讀理解(共1小題)12.(2024春?銅仁市期末)ThebestfreefestivalsinMelbourneDon'tletanemptywalletstopyoufromenjoyingMelbourne.Thesefestivalsandstreetpartiesofferfreeentryandtonsofentertainment.Festival@BoydSouthbank19May﹣17NovemberAcommunityfestivalintendedforallthingsgreenandsustainableiscomingtoSouthbank.Joinfreeworkshopsforallages,fromAfricandrummingtoBollywooddancing.There'llalsobeliveperformances.Gotsomesparecash?Walkinthemarketstallsandyou'llfindclothing,handmadecraftsandfoodfromaroundtheworld.TheLongWalk:Naarm25May﹣28OctoberGetdowntoYarraParkGardensattheMCGforaFirstNationsfestivalandanafternoonoffamily﹣fun.There'llbelivemusicperformedbysomeofAustralia'sleadingnativeartists,plusfreesportandartactivities.Factorinsomecashtoenjoyyourselfatthefoodtrucks.ThefestivalendswiththewalktotheDreamtimematch.TasteofPortugal9June﹣25SeptemberAhugefreePortuguesefestivaliscomingtotheVicMarketandtherewillbePortuguesepies!Celebratethetastes,soundsandcultureofPortugal,BrazilandEastTimor.JoinaLatindanceclass,catchlivemusicandcookingdemonstrationsthentrytraditionalstreetfood.FirelightFestival28﹣30JuneMelbourne'sfreewinterfestivalisback.FirelightFestivalistakingoverDocklandsforthreenightsofcharminglightshows,pop﹣upfoodiefeastsandmore.Fromfiresculpturesandflamejetstofiretwirlersandflamingtrumpeters(小號手),alltheentertainmentisentirelyfree.(1)Whichfestivallaststhelongest?A.Festival@BoydSouthbank.B.TheLongWalk:Naarm.C.TasteofPortugal.D.FirelightFestival.(2)WhatcanvisitorsdoinNaarm?A.Learntraditionalartsonthespot.B.Appreciatemusicperformances.C.Takephotoswithnativeartists.D.Winprizesincompetitions.(3)Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inarecipe.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inasciencefiction.D.Inahealthmagazine.四.信息匹配(共1小題)13.(2024春?銅仁市期末)FivewaystoslowdownandenjoylifemoreHereareafewpracticalwaystoslowdown.Payattentiontowhatgetsyourattention.Wethinkmultitaskingwillhelpusgetmoredone.(1).Onewaytodealwiththisistospendsometimeconsideringwhereyourattentionisdirected.Bepresent.Inourbusylives,itfeelsalmostimpossibletofocusonwhat'sinfrontofus.That'swhyyoushouldtakesometimetoidentifywhatgetsinthewayandkeepsyoufrombeingpresent.Whenyoudothat,itbecomeseasiertoguardyourattention.(2).Putthecellphoneaway.(3).Don'tgiveitthepowertostealyourtime,attentionandpeaceofmind.You'vetosetboundariesaroundyourphonesoyoucancontrolit﹣nottheotherwayaround.Focusonthepeopleinfrontofyou.(4).Asaresult,wemissrelationships,andthosearesuperimportant.Youneedtostop,slowdownandspendqualitytimewiththem.Theconnectionthatcomesfromthosemomentswillhelpyouslowdownandbeatpeace.(5).Ifyouwantyourworldtoslowdown,youmightmakesomeprogressbyslowingdownyourcar.Forcingyourselftolimitthespeedandexperiencingslownessonaphysicallevelwillhelpyouslowdownmentallyandemotionally.A.LimitthespeedB.ThusyoucanliveinthemomentC.BeadriverwhofollowstrafficrulesD.However,itreallyleavesusstressedandtiredE.YouhavetostoplettingyourphoneruinyourlifeF.Whenwerushthroughlife,weoftenpushpeopletothesideG.Lockyourphoneawayinadrawerorcontainerwhenyougethome五.語法填空(共1小題)14.(2024春?張家界期末)YanNingoftheChineseAcademyofScience(1)(receive)the2024L'Oreal﹣UNESCOForWomeninScienceInternationalAwardinParisonMay29,2024.YanNing,aprofessorattheSchoolofLifeScienceatTsinghuaUniversityandfoundingpresidentoftheShenzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslation,istheeighthChinesescientist(2)(win)theaward.The(3)(award)wereaimedatrecognizingthewomen'spioneeringresearchinlifeandenvironmentalsciences,andinparticulartheirmajorcontribution(4)dealingwithglobalpublichealthchallenges,includingcancer,andmalaria.Sheisalsoanadvocateforgenderequalityinresearchandscienceeducation.She(5)(organize)anannualforumforfemalescientistssince2015,andshehas(6)(gradual)recruitedmorefemaleprincipalinvestigatorsinthetworesearchinstitutionssheleads—ShenzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslationandShenzhenBayLaboratory,wheremorethanhalfofthemanagersarewomen.Inherspeech,Yansaid,"Thisrecognitionisnotjustatestamenttomyownefforts,butalsoacelebrationofthecountlessindividuals(7)havesupportedandinspiredmealongthisremarkablejourney.""Ihave(8)messageforallthegirlsandeveryonewatchingthis:itcanbe(9)(challenge)tobeafemalescientist,butnottotheextentthatanyoneshouldbestopped.So,bebrave,be(10)(you)!"六.翻譯題(共10小題)15.(2024春?梅州期末)倫敦是一個古老的港口城市,其歷史可以追溯到羅馬時代。(漢譯英)16.(2024春?南海區月考)在2015年12月7日的諾貝爾獎頒獎典禮上,一位84歲高齡的中國老奶奶慢慢地走上領獎臺。(漢譯英)17.(2022秋?宜陽縣校級月考)湯姆正要關窗戶時,一只鳥突然吸引了他的注意力。(beaboutto)18.(2023春?滕州市期中)我們寫信呼吁人們節約用水,減少食品浪費。(漢譯英)19.(2022秋?息烽縣校級月考)我正在腦海里組織著我的語言,忽然旁邊的女孩用肘輕推了我一下。(bedoing...when)20.(2022秋?滿城區校級月考)Inthecomingyears,ourschoollifewillbechallenging.21.(2023秋?三明期末)中國書法已成為中國文化的一個重要組成部分。22.(2022秋?黃浦區期末)這個問題至今已經困擾了我好幾天。(puzzle)23.(2024春?奉賢區期中)作為一名外國人,我很難對當地的文化感同身受,但我要努力去適應新的環境。(identify)24.(2023秋?寶山區校級期末)人人必須意識到保護自然的平衡尤其重要。(aware)七.書面表達(共1小題)25.(2024春?常州期末)假定你是李華,你的英國筆友David想了解你未來的職業規劃(careerplan)。請你給他回信,內容包括:(1)你希望從事的職業及理由;(2)你打算做何準備。注意:(1)詞數80左右;(2)可適當增加細節,以使行文連貫。DearDavid,Yours,LiHua
2025年高考備考高中英語個性化分層教輔之時態參考答案與試題解析一.選擇題(共10小題)1.(2023秋?廣州期中)Thetrain________at10:30,soit________in10minutes.()A.isstarting;leaves B.isstarting;willhaveleft C.start;willleave D.starts;isleaving【分析】火車10點半開,所以10分鐘后就要開了。【解答】根據句意可知,前半句是表示火車時刻表的時間,故用一般現在時表示,且thetrain是單數,謂語動詞用三單;后半句根據時間狀語in10minutes可知,用一般將來時,leave是位移性動詞,用現在進行時表將來,故用isleaving。故選:D。【點評】結合時間狀語,確定時態,再根據主謂一致的原則,確定謂語動詞的形式。2.(2024春?紅橋區期末)Manyahouseinthepowerfulearthquake.Fortunately,largeamountsofmoneysofarforthosehomelessinthedisastrousearthquakeinGansuProvince.()A.wasdamaged;havebeencollected B.weredamaged;hasbeencollected C.hasbeendamaged;wascollected D.havebeendamaged;werecollected【分析】許多房子在強烈地震中被毀。幸運的是,到目前為止,已經為甘肅省災難性地震中的無家可歸者籌集了大量資金。【解答】分析句子結構及根據句意可知,該題考查動時態、語態和主謂一致。damage和主語house之間是被動關系,用被動語態,描述已發生的事,用一般過去時,"manya+名詞單數"做主語,謂語動詞用單數;collect和money之間是被動關系,根據sofar可知,用現在完成時的被動語態,largeamountsof做主語,謂語動詞用復數。故選:A。【點評】分析句子結構,了解句意,準確判斷時間點,明確謂語動詞與主語的關系后,選擇正確的時態與語態。3.(2023秋?鹽田區校級期中)I______________toyouassoonasI__________there.()A.write,willget B.wrote,got C.wouldwrite,get D.willwrite,get【分析】我一到那就將給你寫信。【解答】在時間,條件,讓步等狀語從句中,從句用一般現在時,主句用一般將來時態。D項正確。故選:D。【點評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態的基本含義,并區別各種時態之間的差異,了解某些時態的特殊用法,然后結合語境選擇正確答案。4.(2023秋?和平區期末)Listen!Thecoach______thestrengthsofouropponentsbecauseourteam______againstthembefore.()A.hasexplained:weren'tplaying B.explains;won'tplay C.isexplaining:haven'tplayed D.willexplain:hadn'tbeenplaying【分析】聽!教練正在解釋我們對手的長處,因為我們隊以前沒有和他們交手過。【解答】根據Listen可知,此處應用現在進行時。故第一個空填isexplaining;因為before表示之前,根據句意"因為我們隊以前沒有和他們交手過",可知,第二空應使用現在完成時。playagainstsb和某人比賽。故選:C。【點評】結合時間狀語,確定時態,再根據主謂一致的原則,確定謂語動詞的形式。5.(2023秋?和平區期末)We______theeveninguntilFrank______toanemergency()A.enjoyed;hadbeencalled B.enjoyed;wascalling C.wereenjoying;wascalled D.hadenjoyed;hascalled【分析】我們正在享受這個夜晚,直到弗蘭克接到緊急電話。【解答】根據句意"我們正在享受這個夜晚,直到弗蘭克接到緊急電話。"可知,我們正在享受這個夜晚應該用現在進行時,Frank和call之間為被動關系。時態為一般過去時。Frank為第三人稱單數,故用wascalled。故選:C。【點評】答此類問題要了解各種時態的基本含義,并區別各種時態之間的差異,了解某些時態的特殊用法,然后結合語境選擇正確答案。6.(2023秋?和平區期末)Iexpectyou______boredwithworkingatthePostOfficebythistimenextyearand_____foramoreinterestingjob.()A.havebecome;willhavelooked B.found;willhavepanned C.willhavebecome;willbelooking D.hadfound;hadbeenpanning【分析】我預計到明年這個時候你會對在郵局工作感到厭倦,并且會尋找一個更有趣的工作。【解答】題干是一個含有賓語從句的主謂賓結構的句子,I是句子主語,expect是謂語動詞,后面是省略了that的賓語從句。通過賓語從句中的時間狀語"bythistimenextyear"可知,第一個空格中應用將來完成時;第二個空表示將來正在進行的動作,應該用將來進行時。故選:C。【點評】首先分析題干,弄清楚題干想要表達的意思,然后找出句子主干,分析空格部分在題干中的功能,從題干中尋找關鍵信息,根據關鍵信息確定句子的時態,從而選擇準確答案。7.(2024春?越秀區校級月考)Greatchanges_____inmyhometownandalotoffactories_____inthepast20years.()A.havetakenplace;havebeensetup B.havetakenplace;weresetup C.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup D.havebeentakenplace;weresetup【分析】在過去的20年里,我的家鄉發生了巨大的變化,建立了許多工廠。【解答】takeplace"發生",是不及物動詞短語,沒有被動語態,排除C、D項;第二空:setup與factories之間是動賓關系,根據時間狀語inthepast20years可知,要用現在完成時的被動語態,排除B項,只有A項正確。故選:A。【點評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態和語態的基本含義,并區別各種時態和語態之間的差異,了解某些時態和語態的特殊用法,然后結合語境選擇正確答案。8.(2023秋?鹽田區校級期末)Thedeadlyvirusthatinfectspigs_________amajorconcernforresearchersuntilit_________inChinain2018.()A.hasnotbeenconsidered:appeared B.hadnotbeenconsidered;appeared C.wasnotconsidered;appeared D.hadnotbeenconsidered;appearing【分析】感染豬的致命病毒直到2018年出現在中國,才被認為是研究人員的主要擔憂。【解答】根據時間2018年可知出現在中國是用過去時appeared;"沒有被認為"應該是2018年之前,應該用過去完成時,主語virus與動詞consider之間是被動關系,所以用過去完成時的被動語態。所以B選項符合。故選:B。【點評】時態題的考查關鍵是抓住句子的上下文含義和句中的時間狀語。要根據時間狀語來選擇合適的時態,在平時的學習中要注意積累有關時態的用法和各種時態的特殊之處。9.(2023秋?龍崗區期末)Scientists______theoceancurrentssincelastmonthtobetterunderstandtheirinfluenceonclimatepatterns.()A.werestudying B.hadbeenstudying C.arestudying D.havebeenstudying【分析】自上個月以來,科學家們一直在研究洋流,以更好地了解它們對氣候模式的影響。【解答】根據時間狀語sincelastmonth可知,表示一直在發生的動作,要用現在完成進行時。D項正確。故選:D。【點評】解答此類問題要了解各種時態的基本含義,并區別各種時態之間的差異,了解某些時態的特殊用法,然后結合語境選擇正確答案。10.(2022秋?天津期中)BythetimeHuangdanianmovedbacktoChina,he_______intheUKfor15years.()A.livesandworks B.waslivingandworking C.hasbeenlivingandworking D.hadbeenlivingandworking【分析】當黃大年回到中國時,他已經在英國生活和工作了15年。【解答】BythetimeHuangdanianmovedbacktoChina一般和過去完成時do,根據for15years可知,句子時態用過去完成進行時,即hadbeendoing,表示一個從過去的過去開始,一直持續到一個過去的時間的動作。故選:D。【點評】解題時要區分清選擇項的含義與區別,再聯系句意進行判斷,從而選出正確答案。考生做此類題型,要分析句子結構,理解句意,考慮語境,選擇恰當詞。切忌:粗心大意,慣性判斷。要注意細心分析驗證,得出答案。二.完形填空(共1小題)11.(2024春?讓胡路區校級期末)"Whydoyoualwaysapologizebeforeyouaskaquestion?"mycolleague,Danasked.Ilookedathim(1)A,notunderstandingwhathemeantbutfeltthattherewasmorethanatraceof(2)Binhistone."There'snoreasonforit;youshouldn'tdothat,"hesaid."Sorryifitannoysyou,"Iresponded.Iprobablyannoyedhimagainby(3)Dagain.Thishappenedover35yearsago,butIstill(4)Bitnow.Askingquestionsinconversationisn'tthat(5)D,atleastnottome.Ifiguredoutsome(6)C.Thefirstwasself﹣consciousnessandinsecurity.HadImissedsomethingtheprofessorsaid?Iknewsomestudents,asaresultofsuch(7)A,didn'taskquestions.Ihadenoughconfidencetoask,butnotenoughtonot(8)Bthewayofasking.Idon'tthinkitoccurredtomeatthetime,butitdidyearslater,thatitalsoprobablyrelatedtobeing(9)C.Iknewthatawomanwasalwaystoldtherewasalineofnot(10)Aotherstooaggressively.Besides,Ibecameconsciousofnotimplying(11)D—Ididn'twantaprofessortothinkIwasquestioningtheirexpertise,orsuggestingtheywerea(12)Ateacher.Itseemedlikeareasonablestrategytostartby(13)DthatIwaswrongoruninformed.BeforeDan'scomment,Ihadn'tthoughtaboutit(14)C,andmuchlessconsideredthattherecouldbea(15)Bwhiledoingit.ButIwaslearningthattherewas,anditcouldbeunpleasant.Fortunately,IthinkI'vedoneitlessnow.(1)A.blanklyB.sadlyC.hopefullyD.impatiently(2)A.concernB.annoyanceC.excitementD.relief(3)A.arguingB.resistingC.escapingD.apologizing(4)A.accountforB.reflectonC.callforD.takeup(5)A.simpleB.surprisingC.clearD.logical(6)A.choicesB.decisionsC.reasonsD.actions(7)A.doubtB.lossC.achievementD.plan(8)A.strengthenB.softenC.changeD.keep(9)A.weakB.positiveC.femaleD.reasonable(10)A.impressingB.fightingC.chasingD.blaming(11)A.approvalB.defenceC.connectionD.judgment(12)A.badB.lazyC.responsibleD.creative(13)A.refusingB.insistingC.denyingD.acknowledging(14)A.crazilyB.fastC.consciouslyD.bitterly(15)A.failureB.disadvantageC.virtueD.barrier【分析】本文為一篇記敘文。主要描述了作者在提問前總是習慣性地道歉,同事Dan對此表示不解并指出這種做法沒有必要。作者反思了自己的行為,意識到這可能源于自己的不安全感和性別角色的期待。通過同事的提醒,作者開始意識到自己的行為可能給人帶來不快,但隨著時間的推移,作者已經減少了這種無意識的道歉行為。【解答】(1)考查副詞及語境理解。A.blankly茫然地;B.sadly悲傷地;C.hopefully有希望地;D.impatiently不耐煩地。句意:我茫然地看著他,不明白他的意思,但我覺得他的語氣里有一絲惱火。根據下文"notunderstandingwhathemeant"可知,作者被同事質疑后,不理解對方的質問,所以應該是茫然地看著對方。故選A項。(2)考查名詞及語境理解。A.concern擔憂;B.annoyance煩惱,氣惱;C.excitement激動;D.relief放松,寬慰。句意:我茫然地看著他,不明白他的意思,但我覺得他的語氣里有一絲惱火。根據下文"Sorryifitannoysyou"可知,作者感受到Dan語氣里的一絲惱火。故選B項。(3)考查動詞及語境理解。A.arguing爭論;B.resisting抵制;C.escaping逃跑;D.apologizing道歉。句意:我可能又一次道歉惹惱了他。根據前文""Sorryifitannoysyou,"Iresponded."可知,作者又道歉了。故選D項。(4)考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.accountfor解釋,占比;B.reflecton反思;C.callfor需求,需要;D.takeup占據,從事。句意:這件事發生在35年前,但我現在還在反思。根據下文"Thefirstwasself﹣consciousnessandinsecurity."及"thatitalsoprobablyrelatedtobeing(9)."可知,下文講到了作者現在還會反思自己為什么會問問題前先道歉。故選B項。(5)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.simple簡單的;B.surprising令人驚訝的;C.clear清楚的;D.logical合乎情理的,符合邏輯的。句意:在談話中提問并不符合邏輯,至少對我來說不是。根據文章第一句"Whydoyoualwaysapologizebeforeyouaskaquestion?"可知,作者總是在問問題前面道歉,因此推斷出,作者是因為覺得談話中提問不符合邏輯。故選D項。(6)考查名詞及語境理解。A.choices選擇;B.decisions決定;C.reasons原因;D.actions行動。句意:我找到了一些原因。根據下文"Thefirstwasself﹣consciousnessandinsecurity."及下文闡述原因可知,作者搞清楚了幾點原因。故選C項。(7)考查名詞及語境理解。A.doubt懷疑;B.loss損失;C.achievement成就;D.plan計劃。句意:我認識一些學生,由于這樣的懷疑,沒有問問題。根據前文"HadImissedsomethingtheprofessorsaid?"可知,這是作者認識的一些學生的懷疑。故選A項。(8)考查動詞及語境理解。A.strengthen加強;B.soften使變軟,使柔和;C.change改變;D.keep保持。句意:我有足夠的底氣去問,但沒有足夠的底氣去委婉地問。根據上文"Ihadenoughconfidencetoask,butnotenoughtonot."及前文講到一些學生沒有提問可知,作者能夠有底氣提問,但是沒有底氣自己可以溫和地提問,這也是作者為什么先道歉的原因之一。故選B項。(9)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.weak弱小的;B.positive積極的;C.female女性的;D.reasonable合理的。句意:我想當時我沒有意識到,但多年后我意識到,這可能也與我是女性有關。根據下文"Iknewthatawomanwasalwaystoldtherewasalineofnot"可知,作者多年后意識到,作者的道歉行為與自己的女性性別也有關系。故選C項。(10)考查動詞及語境理解。A.impressing留下印象;B.fighting爭斗;C.chasing追逐;D.blaming責怪。句意:我知道女人總是被告知不要給別人留下太咄咄逼人的印象。根據"thatawomanwasalwaystoldtherewasalineofnot(10)otherstooaggressively."可知,女人總是被告知不要給別人留下咄咄逼人的印象。故選A項。(11)考查名詞及語境理解。A.approval贊同;B.defence防御;C.connection連接,聯系;D.judgment判斷。句意:此外,我意識到不要暗示自己的判斷——我不想讓教授認為我在質疑他們的專業知識,或者暗示他們是一個糟糕的老師。根據下文"Ididn'twantaprofessortothinkIwasquestioningtheirexpertise"可知,作者不想讓被詢問者感受到自己對于對方負面的判斷。故選D項。(12)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.bad糟糕的,不好的;B.lazy懶惰的;C.responsible負責任的;D.creative有創造力的。句意:此外,我意識到不要暗示自己的判斷——我不想讓教授認為我在質疑他們的專業知識,或者暗示他們是一個糟糕的老師。根據上文"Ididn'twantaprofessortothinkIwasquestioningtheirexpertise,orsuggestingtheywerea."可知,or并列兩種情況,第一種表示作者質疑教授的專業知識,第二種表示作者的提問暗示對方是一位不好的老師。故選A項。(13)考查動詞及語境理解。A.refusing拒絕;B.insisting堅持;C.denying否認;D.acknowledging承認。句意:從承認自己的錯誤或無知開始,似乎是一個合理的策略。根據上文"Itseemedlikeareasonablestrategytostartby"及下文"thatIwaswrongoruninformed"可知,作者為了避免對方對于自己的誤解,所以先道歉,承認自己的錯誤或者無知。故選D項。(14)考查副詞及語境理解。A.crazily瘋狂地;B.fast塊地;C.consciously有意識地;D.bitterly痛苦地。句意:在Dan的評論之前,我并沒有有意識地想過這一點,更沒有考慮到這樣做可能會有缺點。根據"andmuchlessconsideredthattherecouldbea(15)whiledoingit."可知,在Dan評論自己的行為之前,作者對自己的道歉行為毫無意識。故選C項。(15)考查名詞及語境理解。A.failure失敗;B.disadvantage劣勢,缺點;C.virtue美德;D.barrier障礙。句意:在Dan的評論之前,我并沒有有意識地想過這一點,更沒有考慮到這樣做可能會有缺點。根據下文"ButIwaslearningthattherewas,anditcouldbeunpleasant."可知,在Dan的評論之后,作者意識到這樣做會讓人不愉快,有劣勢。故選B項。【點評】完形填空考查學生綜合運用語言的能力。做題時,要先通讀全文,掌握大意,然后結合選項,仔細閱讀文章,選擇最適合語境的詞,注意上下文的呼應和語境。三.閱讀理解(共1小題)12.(2024春?銅仁市期末)ThebestfreefestivalsinMelbourneDon'tletanemptywalletstopyoufromenjoyingMelbourne.Thesefestivalsandstreetpartiesofferfreeentryandtonsofentertainment.Festival@BoydSouthbank19May﹣17NovemberAcommunityfestivalintendedforallthingsgreenandsustainableiscomingtoSouthbank.Joinfreeworkshopsforallages,fromAfricandrummingtoBollywooddancing.There'llalsobeliveperformances.Gotsomesparecash?Walkinthemarketstallsandyou'llfindclothing,handmadecraftsandfoodfromaroundtheworld.TheLongWalk:Naarm25May﹣28OctoberGetdowntoYarraParkGardensattheMCGforaFirstNationsfestivalandanafternoonoffamily﹣fun.There'llbelivemusicperformedbysomeofAustralia'sleadingnativeartists,plusfreesportandartactivities.Factorinsomecashtoenjoyyourselfatthefoodtrucks.ThefestivalendswiththewalktotheDreamtimematch.TasteofPortugal9June﹣25SeptemberAhugefreePortuguesefestivaliscomingtotheVicMarketandtherewillbePortuguesepies!Celebratethetastes,soundsandcultureofPortugal,BrazilandEastTimor.JoinaLatindanceclass,catchlivemusicandcookingdemonstrationsthentrytraditionalstreetfood.FirelightFestival28﹣30JuneMelbourne'sfreewinterfestivalisback.FirelightFestivalistakingoverDocklandsforthreenightsofcharminglightshows,pop﹣upfoodiefeastsandmore.Fromfiresculpturesandflamejetstofiretwirlersandflamingtrumpeters(小號手),alltheentertainmentisentirelyfree.(1)Whichfestivallaststhelongest?AA.Festival@BoydSouthbank.B.TheLongWalk:Naarm.C.TasteofPortugal.D.FirelightFestival.(2)WhatcanvisitorsdoinNaarm?BA.Learntraditionalartsonthespot.B.Appreciatemusicperformances.C.Takephotoswithnativeartists.D.Winprizesincompetitions.(3)Wherecanthetextbefound?BA.Inarecipe.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inasciencefiction.D.Inahealthmagazine.【分析】墨爾本最佳免費節日活動,包括綠色可持續的社區節、原住民文化節、葡萄牙美食文化節和冬季燈光節,提供各種免費娛樂和市集。【解答】(1)細節理解題。根據各個活動的時間,Festival@BoydSouthbank部分的19May﹣17November(5月19日至11月17日);TheLongWalk:Naarm部分的25May﹣28October(5月25日至10月28日);TasteofPortugal部分的9June﹣25September(6月9日至9月25日)和FirelightFestival部分的28﹣30June(6月28日至30日)可知,Festival@BoydSouthbank持續的時間最長,故選A。(2)細節理解題。根據TheLongWalk:Naarm部分的There'llbelivemusicperformedbysomeofAustralia'sleadingnativeartists,plusfreesportandartactivities(屆時將有澳大利亞一些頂尖本土藝術家的現場音樂表演,以及免費的體育和藝術活動),可知游客在納哈姆可以欣賞音樂表演,故選B。(3)文章出處題。通讀全文,特別是根據第一段Don'tletanemptywalletstopyoufromenjoyingMelbourne.Thesefestivalsandstreetpartiesofferfreeentryandtonsofentertainment(不要讓一個空錢包阻止你在墨爾本游玩。這些節日和街頭派對提供免費入場和大量娛樂活動),可知本文介紹了墨爾本的一些節日和街頭派對的免費活動,所以本文應該出自一本旅游指南,故選B。【點評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析,結合選項選出正確答案。四.信息匹配(共1小題)13.(2024春?銅仁市期末)FivewaystoslowdownandenjoylifemoreHereareafewpracticalwaystoslowdown.Payattentiontowhatgetsyourattention.Wethinkmultitaskingwillhelpusgetmoredone.(1)D.Onewaytodealwiththisistospendsometimeconsideringwhereyourattentionisdirected.Bepresent.Inourbusylives,itfeelsalmostimpossibletofocusonwhat'sinfrontofus.That'swhyyoushouldtakesometimetoidentifywhatgetsinthewayandkeepsyoufrombeingpresent.Whenyoudothat,itbecomeseasiertoguardyourattention.(2)B.Putthecellphoneaway.(3)E.Don'tgiveitthepowertostealyourtime,attentionandpeaceofmind.You'vetosetboundariesaroundyourphonesoyoucancontrolit﹣nottheotherwayaround.Focusonthepeopleinfrontofyou.(4)F.Asaresult,wemissrelationships,andthosearesuperimportant.Youneedtostop,slowdownandspendqualitytimewiththem.Theconnectionthatcomesfromthosemomentswillhelpyouslowdownandbeatpeace.(5)A.Ifyouwantyourworldtoslowdown,youmightmakesomeprogressbyslowingdownyourcar.Forcingyourselftolimitthespeedandexperiencingslownessonaphysicallevelwillhelpyouslowdownmentallyandemotionally.A.LimitthespeedB.ThusyoucanliveinthemomentC.BeadriverwhofollowstrafficrulesD.However,itreallyleavesusstressedandtiredE.YouhavetostoplettingyourphoneruinyourlifeF.Whenwerushthroughlife,weoftenpushpeopletothesideG.Lockyourphoneawayinadrawerorcontainerwhenyougethome【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了讓自己減緩速度的一些方法。【解答】(1)語境銜接題。根據上文Payattentiontowhatgetsyourattention.Wethinkmultitaskingwillhelpusgetmoredone(注意引起你注意的東西。我們認為多任務處理將幫助我們完成更多工作)和下文Onewaytodealwiththisistospendsometimeconsideringwhereyourattentionisdirected.(處理這個問題的一個方法是花一些時間考慮你的注意力被引向哪里。)可知多任務處理給我們帶來了一些麻煩。因此D項"然而,它真的讓我們感到壓力和疲憊"符合語境。故選D。(2)聯系上文題。根據上文That'swhyyoushouldtakesometimetoidentifywhatgetsinthewayandkeepsyoufrombeingpresent.Whenyoudothat,itbecomeseasiertoguardyourattention.(這就是為什么你應該花些時間來確定是什么阻礙了你,讓你無法活在當下。當你這樣做的時候,保持注意力就變得更容易了。)可知你應該活在當下。因此B項"因此,你可以活在當下"符合語境。故選B。(3)語境銜接題。根據上文Putthecellphoneaway(把手機收起來。)和下文Don'tgiveitthepowertostealyourtime,attentionandpeaceofmind.(不要給它偷走你的時間、注意力和內心平靜的力量。)可知不應該讓手機影響你的生活。因此E項"你必須停止讓你的手機毀了你的生活"符合語境。故選E。(4)語境銜接題。根據上文Focusonthepeopleinfrontofyou.(關注你面前的人。)和下文Asaresult,wemissrelationships,andthosearesuperimportant.(結果,我們錯過了關系,而那些是超級重要的。)可知我們沒有關注身邊的人。因此F項"當我們匆匆忙忙地度過一生時,我們常常把人推到一邊"符合語境。故選F。(5)標題歸納題。根據下文Ifyouwantyourworldtoslowdown,youmightmakesomeprogressbyslowingdownyourcar.Forcingyourselftolimitthespeedandexperiencingslownessonaphysicallevelwillhelpyouslowdownmentallyandemotionally.(如果你想讓你的世界慢下來,你可以通過放慢你的車來取得一些進步。強迫自己限制速度,在身體層面上體驗緩慢將有助于你在精神和情感上放慢速度。)可知要把速度放慢下來。因此A項"限制速度"符合語境。故選A。【點評】七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類似,不同的是一個選詞,一個選句子。解題時,要注意上下文語境,充分考慮信息詞(選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語境的句子。五.語法填空(共1小題)14.(2024春?張家界期末)YanNingoftheChineseAcademyofScience(1)received(receive)the2024L'Oreal﹣UNESCOForWomeninScienceInternationalAwardinParisonMay29,2024.YanNing,aprofessorattheSchoolofLifeScienceatTsinghuaUniversityandfoundingpresidentoftheShenzhenMedicalAcademyofResearchandTranslation,istheeighthChinesescientist(2)towin(win)theaward.The(3)awards(award)wereaimedatrecognizingthewomen'spioneeringresearchinlifeandenvironmentalsciences,andinparticulartheirmajorcontribution(4)todealingwithglobalpublichealthchallenges,includingcancer,andmalaria.Sheisalsoanadvocateforgenderequalityinresearchandscienceeducation.She(5)hasorganized
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