Unit1ScienceFiction:DiscoveringUsefulStructures—PassiveVoice

一．TeachingObjectives

1.KnowledgeandSkills

1).Studentswillbeabletomastertheconstructionofthepassivevoiceindifferenttenses,includingthesimplepresent,simplepast,simplefuture,presentcontinuous,pastcontinuous,presentperfect,andpastperfecttenses.

2).Studentswillunderstandthethreemonusagesofthepassivevoice:whentheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunnecessarytomention,whenthereceiveroftheactionneedstobeemphasized,andwhentheperformerisaninanimatesubject.

3).Studentswillbeabletoidentifyanduseactiveformsthatconveypassivemeanings,suchascertainverbs(e.g.,cut,sell,read,write),adjectivesfollowedbyinfinitives(e.g.,hard,difficult,easy),“linkingverb+adjective”structures(e.g.,look,smell,taste),andverbslikeneed,want,requirefollowedbygerunds.

2.EmotionalAttitudeandValues

1).Cultivatestudents'interestinlearningEnglishgrammarandfosterapositiveattitudetowardsEnglishlearning,boostingtheirconfidence.

2).Guidestudentstofocusontheaccuracyandstandardizationoflanguageuse,developingarigorouslearningattitudeandgoodstudyhabits.

二．KeyPointsandDifficulties

1.KeyPoints

1）.Theconstructionandusageofthepassivevoice.

2）.Activeformsthatconveypassivemeanings.

2.DifficultPoints

1）.Applyingthepassivevoiceinvariouscontexts.

2）.Accurateunderstandinganduseofactiveformsthatconveypassivemeanings.

三．TeachingMethods

Lecture,exampleillustration,practice,andgroupdiscussion

四．TeachingProcess

I.Introduction(5minutes)

1.QuestionandAnswer:

T:"Goodmorning/afternoon,everyone!Doyouknowwhatthepassivevoiceis?Whendoweuseit?"Allowstudentstothinkandrespond.

2.IntroductiontotheTopic:

T:"Today,wewillexplorethepassivevoice,anessentialpartofEnglishgrammar.Ithelpsusexpressactionsmorepreciselyinspecificsituations."

II.Presentation(20minutes)

ConstructionofthePassiveVoice(10minutes)

Tense

Structure

Example

SimplePresentTense

am/is/are+pastparticiple

Englishisspokenallovertheworld.

SimplePastTense

was/were+pastparticiple

Theletterwassent

yesterday.

SimpleFutureTense

will/shall+be+pastparticiple

Themeetingwillbeheldtomorrow.

PresentContinuousTense

am/is/are+being+pastparticiple

Thecarisbeingrepairednow.

PastContinuousTense

was/were+being+pastparticiple

ThehousewasbeingbuiltwhenIarrived.

PresentPerfectTense

have/has+been+pastparticiple

Thebookhasbeenreadbymanypeople.

PastPerfectTense

had+been+pastparticiple

Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforehearrived.

ExplanationandExamples:Theteacherexplainseachtense'spassiveconstructionandprovidesexamplesontheboardorscreen.

III.UsageofthePassiveVoice(5minutes)

1.Whentheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunnecessarytomention:

E.g.:Thisbookwaswrittenmanyyearsago.

2.Whenthereceiveroftheactionneedstobeemphasized:

E.g.:Theproblemwassolvedbyhim.

3.Whentheperformerisaninanimatesubject:

E.g.:Thewindowwasbrokenbythestrongwind.

IV.ActiveFormsConveyingPassiveMeanings(5minutes)

1.Certainverbs(e.g.,cut,sell,read,write):

E.g.:Thisknifecutswell.Thebooksellswell.

2.Adjectivesfollowedbyinfinitives(e.g.,hard,difficult,easy):

E.g.:Thisproblemisdifficulttosolve.Englishiseasytolearn.

3.“Linkingverb+adjective”structures(e.g.,look,smell,taste):

E.g.:Thefoodtastesdelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.

4.Verbslikeneed,want,requirefollowedbygerunds:

E.g.:Theroomneedscleaning.=Theroomneedstobecleaned.Theflowersneedwatering=Theflowersneedtobewatered.

VI.Practice(15minutes)

Sentencepletion(5minutes)

Providethefollowingsentencesforstudentstopleteindividually:

1.Thenewbridge__________(build)lastyear.

2.Theclassroom__________(clean)bythestudentseveryday.

3.Thebook__________(write)byafamouswriter.

4.Theletter__________(send)tomorrow.

5.Thehouse__________(paint)now.

6.Thework__________(finish)bythetimehearrived.

7.Theproblem__________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterday.

8.Thewindow__________(break)bytheboyjustnow.

Teacher'sRole:Monitorstudents'progressandofferguidanceasneeded.

Answers:1.wasbuilt2.iscleaned3.waswritten4.willbesent

5.isbeingpainted6.hadbeenfinished7.wasdiscussed8.wasbroken

Passagepletion(10minutes)

Providethefollowingpassageforstudentstopleteindividually:

InAlaska，thewolfalmost1.__________(disappear)afewyearsago，becausehunters2.__________(kill)hundredsofthemforsport.However，laws3.__________(establish)toprotectthewolvesfromsportsmenandpeoplewhocaughttheanimalsfortheirfur.Sothewolfpopulationhasgreatlyincreased.Nowtherearesomanywolvesthatthey4.__________(destroy)theirownfoodsupply.Awolfnaturallyeatsanimalsinthedeerfamily.Peopleinthewildernessalsohuntdeerforfood.Manyoftheanimals5.__________(destroy)bytheverycoldwintersrecentlyandbychangesinthewildernessplantlife.Whenthedeercan’tfindenoughfood，they6.__________(die).Ifthewolvescontinuetokilllargenumbersofdeer，theirprey(獵物)7.__________(disappear)someday.Andthewolveswill，too.Sowemustchangethecycleoflifeinthewildernesstobalancetheecology.Ifwe8.__________(kill)morewolves，wewouldsavethemandprotecttheirpreyfromdyingout.We’dalsosavesomefarmanimals.Inanothernorthernstate，wolvesattackcowsandchickensforfood.Farmerswantthegovernmenttosendbiologiststostudytheproblem.They9.__________(belief)itnecessarytokillwolvesinsomeareasandtoprotecttheminplaceswherethere10.__________(be)asmallwolfpopulation.

Teacher'sRole:Monitorstudents'progressandofferguidanceasneeded.

Answers;1.haddisappeared2.hadkilled3.wereestablished4.aredestroying5.aredestroyed6.willdie7.willdisappear8.kill9.believe10.is

VII.GroupDiscussion(10minutes)

Dividestudentsintogroupsof45andhavethemdiscussthefollowingquestions:

1.Indailylife,whatpassivevoicesentenceshaveyouencountered?Pleasegiveexamples.

2.Whendoyouthinkitismoreappropriatetousethepassivevoice?Why?

3.Whatdifficultieshaveyouencounteredwhilelearningthepassivevoice?Howcanyousolvethem?

Teacher'sRole:Circulateamongthegroups,participateindiscussions,andprovideguidanceasneeded.

VIII.Summary(5minutes)

1.ReviewKeyPoints:

T:"Let'sreviewwhatwe'velearnedtodayaboutthepassivevoice,itsconstruction,usage,andactiveformsthatconveypassivemeanings."

Summarizethekeypointsontheboardorscreen.

2.EmphasizeLearningMethods:

T:"Remember,whenlearninggrammar,it'simportanttoobserve,think,practice,andsummarize.Thiswillimproveyourgrammaticalskills."

IX.HomeworkAssignment(5minutes)

1.Sentencepletion:

pletethesinglesentenceandpassagepletionexercisesfromtheworkbook.

2.ExamQuestionPractice:

Choose3questionsfromrecentcollegeentranceexamquestionsandpracticethem.Writedownyourthoughtprocessforeachquestion.

3.Sh