考博英語模擬試卷6（共9套）

（共595題）

考博英語模擬試卷第1套

一、詞匯（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共20分。）

1、Hiscareerinhisappointmentasdirector.

A、contaminated

B、culminated

C、contracted

D、contacted

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題中，B項culminated的意思是“達到...的頂點“，如：The

ceremonyculminatedalongweekofpreparation.（經過長長個星期的準備，典禮終「

開始了。）A項contaminated的意思是“污染”;C項contracted的意思是“使縮短，感

染，訂約”；D項contacted的意思是“接觸，聯系”。四個選項中只有B項為正確答

案。

2、Wcareconvincedthatweareontheofanimportantdiscovery.

A、threshold

household

C^thread

D、entrance

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A項“threshold開始，開端”符合題意其他三項“B項household家

庭，家人；C項thread線，線索，思路；D項enlrance入口，入門”都不正確。本

題空格處是說開始了個重要的發現。因此A項為正確答案。

Ifwesaysomethingis,wemeanthatwefinditextremelypleasantor

enjoyable.

A、gracious

B、gloomy

C、gigantic

D、gorgeous

標準答案：D

知識點解析：D項“gorgeous令人十分愉快的，極好的”符合題意。其他三項“A項

gracious親切的,高尚的；B項gloomy陰沉的,令人沮喪的;C項gigantic巨大的”

都不正確。本題空格處是說某物非常好。因此D項為正確答案。

4、Thetrucksheavygoodsfromfactoriestotheports.

A^pull

B、haul

C、drag

D、push

標準答案：B

知識點解析：B項“haul搬運，用卡車或馬車拖運”符合題意。如：Theyhauledthe

boatupontotheshore.（他們用力把船拖上岸。）其他三項“A項pull拉，拖；C項

drag拖，緩慢而費力地夕亍動；D項push推動”都不正確。本題空格處是說搬運沉重

的貨物。因此B項為正確答案。

5、Thegirlwhenshecouldn'tanswerthequestioninthepresenceofallher

classmates.

Axflourished

B、flattered

C、flushed

D、fluttered

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C項flushed"（臉）發紅”符合題意。其他三項“A項flourished繁榮，茂

盛：B項flattered過分夸贊，奉承；D項fluttered飄動，鼓翼”都不正確。本題空格

處是說這個女孩臉紅了。因此C項為正確答案。

6、Atranslationisnotalwaystheclosesttotheoriginalmeaning.

A^liberal

Bsliteral

C、literary

D^literate

標準答案：B

知識點解析：B項“literal文字的，字面的”符合題意。其他三項“A項liberal慷慨

的，不拘泥的；C項literary文學上的，從事寫作的；D項literate有文化的”都不正

確。本題空格處是說逐詞逐句直譯。因此B項為正確答案。

7、Sheherselfbitterlyforlierbcliaviorthatevening.

A^blamed

BNaccused

C、reproached

D^scolded

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C項“reproached責備”符合題意。如：Hismotherreproachedhimfor

hisbadmanners.（他的母親責備他禮貌不周。）其他三項“A項blamed找...差錯,

把責任歸于……；B項accused控告，譴責，非難；D項scolded責罵，嚴厲地且通

常憤怒地責備或批評“都不正確。本題空格處是說痛苦地自責。因此C項為正詢答

案。

8、Thestudentsareattractedbytheofthesnow-coveredmountainswhenthey

lookoutofthetrain.

A^noiabiliiy

B、nobility

C、majesty

D、visibility

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題中，D項visibility“可見度，引人注目，易被觀察到“符合題意。

如:anexecutivewithhighvisibility（有很大吸引力的總經理）。其他三項“A項

noiabiliiy著名，值得注意或顯赫的狀態或性質，顯要人物；B項nobilily高貴，崇

高：C項majesty最高權威，王權，雄偉”都不正確。因此D項為正確答案。

9^Theflowersinthevasebecausetheyhadnowater.

A、withered

B、wrinkled

C、ripened

D、prospered

標準答案：A

知識點解析:A項“withered凋謝，枯萎”符合題意。其他三項“B項wrinkled使皺;

C項ripened成熟；D項prospered成功，興盛”都不正確。本題是說花瓶里的花因

為沒有水而枯萎了。因此A項為正確答案。

10、Shesomesaltonherfoodtomakeittastebetter.

A、sprinkled

B、sprayed

C、scattered

D、dispersed

標準答案：A

知識點解析:A項“sprinkled撒...于（某物表面）”符合題意。如：Shesprinkled

sugaronthecakes.（她把糖撒在蛋糕上。）其他三項“B項sprayed噴射，噴濺；C項

scattered分散，散開；D項dispersed分散，疏散”都不止確。本題是說她在食物上

面撒了些鹽，使它的味道更好些。因此A項為正確答案。

11、Thehumofconversationasthechairmanmountedtherostrum.

A^diedout

B、diedoff

C^diedof

D^diedaway

標準答案：D

知識點解析：D項“dieaway（聲音等）逐漸消失”符合題意。如：Thenoiseofthe

motorcardiedaway.（摩托車的噪聲消失了。）其他三項“A項dieout滅絕，消失;

B項dieoff相繼死去直至死光；C項dieof死于”都不正確。本題是說當主席登上

講壇，說話的嗡嗡聲逐漸消失。因此D項為正確答案。

12、1'hcoldmanwasremarkably.Hewasamusician,engineer,writerand

philosopher.

A、unilateral

universal

C、audacious

D、versatile

標準答案：D

知識點解析:D項“versatile多才多藝的”符合題意。其他三項“A項unilateral單邊

的;B項universal普遍的；C項audacious大膽創新的,魯莽的”都不正確。本題前

半句是說這位老人非常地多才多藝。因此D項為正確答案。

13、Livinginpoverty,Johnsoldfbr500dollarstheofhismother'sfirstwork

whichmadeherfamous.

A^document

B、file

C、duplicate

D^manuscript

標準答案：D

知識點解析：D項“manuscript手稿，原稿”符合題意。如：Whenamanuscripthas

beenacceptedforpublication,itispassedtoaneditorfordetailedscrutiny.（當原稿被

采用出版時，便將它交與名編輯進行仔細校閱。）其他三項“A項document文件，

檔案，文獻；B項file文件，檔案，卷宗；C項duplicale復制品，副本”都不正

確。本題空格處是說他母親首部作品的手稿。因此D項為正確答案。

I4>Mygrandmotherhasbeenillfortwomonths,soherhealthhas.

A、deteriorated

diminished

C>dwindled

D、lessened

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A項“deteriorated惡化”符合題意。其他三項“B項diminished減少，使

變?。籆項dwindled縮??；D項lessened減少，減經”都不正確。本題是說我的祖

母病了兩個月了，因此她的健康狀況惡化了。因此A項為正確答案。

15、Hedidn'tnoticemeinthecrowd;buthespottedmysisterwhowasbecause

ofherredhair.

A^conscious

BNconspicuous

C、dim

D、conscientious

標準答案：B

知識點解析：B項“conspicuous顯著的”符合題意。如：Hewasconspicuousforhis

brayery.（他因驍勇而出名。）其他三項“A項conscious有意識的；C項dim暗淡

的，模糊的；D項conscientious盡責的”都不正確。本題是說他沒在人群中發現

我，但發現了我姐姐，因為她的紅發非常惹人注目。因此B項為正確答案。

16、Thecompanyusedsomuchcoalthatithasatraintothedeliveryprocess.

A、transmit

B、transport

C、facilitate

D、diminish

標準答案：C

知識點解析；本題中，C項“facilitate使容易，推動，促進”符合題意。如；Thenew

undergroundrailwaywillfacilitatethejourneytoallpartsofthecity.（新的地下鐵路將

為去城市各處提供方便。）其他三項“A項transmit傳輸，傳送；B項transport傳

送，運輸；D項diminish減少，變小”都不正確。因此C項為正確答案。

17、AsianeconomiccrisishasonlyaeffectonthelivesofChinesepeople.

A、discrete

B、massive

C、marginal

D^subordinate

標準答案：C

知識點解析：C項“marginal最低限度的，僅維持在某較低標準或限度內的，次里

的“符合題意。如：Therehasbeenamarginalimprovementinthefirm'ssales.（商行

的銷路稍有好轉。）其他三項“A項discrete不連續的，離散的;B項massive厚重

的，大塊的；D項subordinate次要的，從屬的”都不正確。本題是說亞洲經濟危機

對中國人民的生活只是稍有影響。因此C項為正確答案。

18、Thecontinuousunrestwasthenation'seconomy.

A、exaggerating

aggravating

C、amending

D、fastening

標準答案：B

知識點解析：B項“aggravating使惡化，加重”符合題意。如：Griefaggravatedher

illness.（悲痛加重了她的病情。）其他三項“A項exaggerating夸張,夸大;C項

amending修改，修訂，訂正，改進，改善；D項fastening扎牢，集中于,加強”都

不正確。本題是說持續動蕩的局面使國家的經濟愈加惡化。因此B項為正確答

案。

19>Shouldthedeathpenaltybe?

A、abolished

B、abandoned

C、eliminated

D、omitted

標準答案：A

知識點解析:A項abolished"廢除,廢止（法律、制度等）”符合題意。如：Bad

customsshouldbeabolished.（壞的風俗應當廢除。）其他三項“B項abandoned放

棄，遺棄：C項eliminated排除，消除;D項omitted省略，遺漏”都不正確。不題

是說死刑應否廢除，因此A項為正確答案。

20、Asordinarypeople,scientistsarebynomeansmorehonestorthanother

people,butasscientists,theyattachspecialvaluetohonestywhiletheyareintheir

workingsphere.

A、ethical

B、ethnic

C^aesthetic

D、esthetic

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A項“ethical道德的“符合題意。如：Thelawyerallegedthatthe

doctor'sbehaviourhadnotbeenethical.（律師聲稱那位醫生的行為不符合職業道德

規范。）其他三項“B項ethnic種族的;C項aeslhetic審美的,美學的；D項esthetic

感覺的”都不正確。本題空格處是說比其他人更誠實或更有道德。因此A項為王確

答案。

二、閱讀理解（本題共”題，每題L0分，共”分。）

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthatwhoeveristoblameandwhateverhappens

fromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhaveto

makewaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofunher.

Wemustasksomeprimaryquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Wouldwecontinueto

treatemploymentasthenorm?Wouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-

respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscan

workforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethe

householdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersof

productionandwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryin

whichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbe

coiningtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhaveto

bereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought,but,infact,itcouldprovidetheprospectofa

betterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeant

economicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand

18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuse

oftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactory

systemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,as

transportationimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistances

totheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnection

withtheirhomelivesandtheplaceinwhichtheylived.Meanwhileemploymentput

womenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtime,menandwomenhadsharedthe

productiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryfor

thehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeand

familytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrict

moreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhose

workstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeople

andoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedat

schoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhaveto

change.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromthe

idealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopleto

managewithoutfulltimejobs.

21、Researchcarriedoutintherecentopinionpollsshowsthat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據文中第一段的“Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat...high

unemploymentisprobablyheretostay.”可知，民意調查顯示，高失業率很可能會

直持續下去。據此可知，現今的高失業率是真實存在的。D項正確。

22、Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據文中第三段的“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,

andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.“可

知，工業時代現在可能就要結束了，而它所帶來的些工作模式上的改變也要被扭轉

過來了。據此可知，工業時代的到來意味著從根本上改變了人們的工作模式。C項

正確。

23、Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析:根據文中第五段的“Meanwhileemploymentputwomenata

disadvange...Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday”可知：就業使史I

女處于不利的地位。在工業時代之前，男人女人共同分擔家庭和村社的生產工作。

現在丈夫外出干有報酬的工作，把家及家庭的無酬勞的工作留給妻子，這已成為種

習慣。今天的稅收和利潤規定也采用這種標準。再根據第六段的“Itwasnotonly

womenwhoseworkstatussuflered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformof

work,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded”可知，不僅僅是婦女的工作地位

受損，老人、青少年也不例外。據此可知，不在雇傭勞動崗位上的人的工作地位受

損，C項正確。

24、Thearticleconcludesthat.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據文中最后一段可知，現在切可能不得不改變，把人的力量和資源

投入到緊急的實際工作幫助許多沒有全職工作的人也能謀生的任務中去，而不是虛

無縹緲的理想主義目標全面就業。據此可知，為切人創造工作是不可能的。A項正

確。

Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwondering

whyyoujustenteredaroom-arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.

"You'resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven'tencodeditdeeply."Encoding,

Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpact

onrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouput

yourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon'tpayattentiontowhatyoudid

becauseyou'reinvolvedinaconversation,you'llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthe

jacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe."Yourmemoryitselfisn'tfailingyou,"says

Schacter.''Rather,youdidn'tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded."Lack

ofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness."Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatistics

from30yearsago,"saysZelinski,"maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox."

Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymore

attentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcuescanhelp

preventabsent-mindedness,saysSchacter."Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable,"he

cautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedicationwithlunch,putthepillbottleon

thekitchentable一don'tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyou

keepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroom

andwonderingwhyyou'rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.

"Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,"saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturnto

whereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou'lllikelyremember.

25、Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：作者第次提到encode是在第一段末尾，然后在第二段開頭對encode

作了詳細說明，全句是：Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpaying

attentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.意思是“編碼是種對事

件加以關注的特殊方式"u"hasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater"，意為“對以后想

起這事件來有很大影響”。換句話說，Encoding可以使我們回憶起發生過的事件，

其原理是對發生的事件力口以特殊關注。四個選項中B項的說法與此致，故選B

項。

26、Onepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析:定位到第三段:Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,

possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryrelieson

jusllhat指出了女性記憶力更好這現象，并解釋了可能的原因：可能是因為她們對

周圍環境更加注意，而汜憶恰恰有賴于此。原文中的原因解釋雖然清晰，但看看四

個選項，選出正確答案卻并不容易。需要查看上下文。段首的句是Lackofinterest

canalsoleadioabsemmindedness（缺少興趣也能導致心不在焉），這樣的話，女性與

男性對比的例子應該也是圍繞這句話展開，也就是強調興趣。故本題選D。

27、Anoteinthepocketcanhardlyserveasareminderbecause.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：定位到文章第四段"don'tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourself

anotethatyoukeepinapockct,,?意思是不要把藥瓶留在藥柜內，同時自己寫張紙

條揣進口袋。這句話是在否定“寫紙條放進口袋''這種提醒方式，與題目所說致。這

段中可供分析的地方共兩處：處是句首"Visualcuescanhelppreventabsent

mindedness"，這是本段的總起句，是對段落核心意思的概括。需要注意的是，它

提到了“視覺提示物”，也就是“看得見”的提示物。另處是“Butbesurethecueisclear

andavailable-,即提示物要清楚、易得.這兩處所強調的共同點是提示物必須是舉

目所及、位于視線范圍之內的。四個選項中與此最為接近的是C,故選C。

28、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：最后??段主要討論“走進房間卻忘了去做什么''這健忘現象，共四句

話：第句描述現象；第二句給出了可能的原因在想另外件事；第三句借他人之口指

出這種情況頻繁發生；最后句是解決辦法：回到原來的地方。A項的說法是在解釋

健忘的原因，和最后一段第二句話的意思致，是正確的推理。

29、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本文的大體結構如下：第一段提出健忘的問題并做了初步分析，第

二、三兩段是對健忘原因的分析，最后兩段告訴人們些對付健忘的辦法。可以說文

章結構相當完備，現象、原因、解決辦法都有涉及。B項所說的原因是第二、三段

的內容（第一段末也有涉及），從二、三段的字數和重要性來看，可以認為是文章的

主要內容。當然，這個選項如果能加上健忘的解決辦法就更加合理了。

DespiteDenmark'smanifestvirtues,Danesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobe

Danes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersabout

Denmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,the

difficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheir

countrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay,"Denmarkis

agreatcountry.nYou'resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.Itisthelandofthesilk

safetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife's

inequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,job

seminars-Danesloveseminars:Threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwaste

managementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,in

advertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs一

thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit-olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcan

barelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,"Few

havetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle/'andaforeignerisstruckbythesweet

egalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSir

andMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs.It'sanationof

recy-clers-about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew-andno

nuclearpowerplants.Ifsanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperate

wellingeneral.Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryof

BusinessandIndustrysays,"Denmarkisoneoftheworld'scleanestandmostorganized

countries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-

frccsocietyintheNorthernhemisphere."So,ofcourse,one'sheartliftsatanysighting

ofDanishsleazy:skinheadgraffitionbuildings("ForeigncrsOutofDenmark!"),broken

beerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.Nonetheless,itisan

orderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andon

theothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnota

nationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwailfortheredlighttochange,even

ifit's2a.m.andthere'snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon'tthinkofthemselvesasa

waiting-at-2-a.m.-fbr-the-green-Iightpeople—that'showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.

Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,but

thetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansand

Swedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limited

manufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributor

ofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,

young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoods

aroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,and

raillinesarcultramodernandwell-maintained.Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn't

meanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewould

tellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholism

andaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.An

orderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.Butthereisasense

ofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueof

citizenship,andyoushouldn'tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou'reentitledto,you'reasgood

asanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyouget

ifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystem

makesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrest

withoutasenseofcrisis.

30TheauthorthinksthatDanesadoptaattitudetowardstheircountry.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有C項為正確答案。這可從文中第一段的

“Danestalkto…，thedifficultyofitslanguage...”推知，即丹麥人對自己的國家

不滿意。A項與文章的意思相反；B、D兩項與文章的意思不符。

31、WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

標準答案：A

知識點解析?：本題的四個選項中，只有A項為正確答案。從第二段第句話可知B

項正確；從第二段第二句話可知C項正確；從第四段前四句話可知D項正確。

32、Theauthor'sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustry

is.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有C項為正確答案。這可從文中的內容推

知，即在談到商業和工業部對丹麥的描述時，作者緊接著舉了些表現丹麥的骯臟破

敗的事實，但是作者并沒有明確表明態度。四個選項中，disapproving意為“不贊成

的“；approving意為“贊成的"；noncommillal意為“不表示明確熹見的，含糊的”；

doubtful意為“懷疑的”。

33、Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有D項為正確答案。這可從文中第四段的

^Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint...ultramodernandwellmaintained.”推知，即丹麥

的這種井然有序對于這樣個資源短缺、生產力受限的國家來說，對這個國家的經濟

至關重要。

34NAttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有D項為正確答案。這可從文中的最后句話

“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyoulose

yourjob...andtheorderlinessofthesystem...weatherhighunemploymentand

socialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.“推知。

RichardSatava,programmanagerforadvancedmedicaltechnologies,hasbeenadriving

forcebringingvirtualrealitytomedicine,wherecomputerscreatea"virtual"orsimulated

environmentforsurgeonsandothersmedicalpracHeioners（從業者）.“W”hvirtualreality

we'llbeabletoputasurgeonineverytrench,"saidSatava.Heenvisagedatimewhen

soldierswhoarewoundedfightingoverseasareputinmobilesurgicalunitsequipped

withcomputers.Thecomputerswouldtransmitimagesofthesoldierstosurgeonsbackin

theU.S.Thesurgeonswouldlookatthesoldierthroughvirtualrealityhelmets（頭盔）that

containasmallscreendisplayingtheimageofthewound.Thedoctorswouldguide

roboticinstrumentsinthebattlefieldmobilesurgicalunitthatoperateonthesoldier.

AlthoughSatava'svisionmaybeyearsawayfromstandardoperatingprocedure,

scientistsareprogressingtowardvirtualrealitysurgery.Engineersataninternational

organizationinCaliforniaaredevelopingatele-operatingdevice.Assurgeonswatcha

three-dimensionalimageofthesurgery,theymoveinstrumentsthatareconnectedtoa

computer,whichpassestheirmovementstoroboticinstrumentsthatperforinthesurgery.

Thecomputerprovidesfeedbacktothesurgeononforce,textures,andsound.These

technologicalwondersmaynotyetbepartofthecommunityhospitalsettingbut

increasinglysomeofthemachineryisfindingitswayintocivilianmedicine.AtWayne

StateUniversityMedicalSchool,surgeonLuciaZamoranotakesimagesofthebrain

fromcomputerizedscansandusesacomputerprogramtoproducea3-Dimage.Shecan

thenmaneuverthe3-Dimageonthecomputerscreentomaptheshortest,leastinvasive

surgicalpathtothetumor（腫瘤）.Zamoranoisalsousingtechnologythatattachesaprobe

tosurgicalinstrumentssothatshecantracktheirpositions.Whilecuttingawayatumor

deepinthebrain,shewatchesthemovementofhersurgicaltoolsinacomputergraphics

imageofthepatient'sbraintakenbeforesurgery.Duringtheseprocedures一operations

thataredonethroughsmallcutsinthebodyinwhichaminiaturecameraandsurgical

toolsaremaneuvered—surgeonsarewearing3-Dglassesforabelterview.Andtheyare

commandingrobotsurgeonstocutawaytissuemoreaccuratelythanhumansurgeons

can.Satavasays,"Weareinthemidstofafundamentalchangeinthefieldofmedicine."

35、AccordingtoRichardSatava,theapplicationofvirtualrealitytomedicine.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有C項為正確答案。這可從文中第二段的內

容推知，即虛擬現實可以大大改善戰場上的醫療條件。

36、RichardSatavahasvisionsof.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有A項為正確答案。這可從文中第二段和第

三段的內容推知，即虛以現實運用于醫學可以使在海外戰場受傷的戰士通過遠程控

制技術及時得到治療。B、C、D三項與文章的意思不符。

37Howisvirtualrealitysurgeryperformed?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有C項為正確答案。這可從文中第四段后面

的兩句"Assurgeonswatch…force,lextures,andsound.“推知，即外科醫生通過操

縱與計算機相連的儀器，由計算機將醫生的操作傳遞給直接做手術的機械裝置。

38、Duringvirtualrealityoperations,thesurgeoncanhaveabetterviewofthecutsin

thebodybecause.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有B項為正確答案。這可從文中最后一段的

“surgeonsarewearing3Dglassesforabetterview”推知，即在虛擬現實條件下的手術

通過計算機和微型相機的幫助，使得醫生可以在屏幕上看到能夠表現傷口不同角度

的三維圖像，因而有個更清晰的視野。

39、Virtualrealityoperationsareanimprovementonconventionalsurgeryinthat

they.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，只有D項為正確答案°這可從文中倒數第二段

最后句的“Andtheyarecommanding...thanhumansurgeonscan.”推知，即通過

操縱機器人來做手術比人直接做更精確。A、B、C三項在文中未被提及。

三、完形填空（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共20分。）

It'sallannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,andthat[Cl]

eveningyou'reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimprove

educationalstandards,[C2]arethrowingthebooksatkids.[C3]

clviiiciilarysuhoulstudentsarcuuinplaiiiingofhoincwork[C4].What's

awell-meaningparenttodo?Ashardas[C5]maybe,sitbackandchill,experts

advise.Thoughyou'vegottogetthemtodoit,[C6]helpingtoomuch,oreven

examining[C7]toocarefully,youmaykeepthem[C8]doingitby

themselves."Iwouldn'tadviseaparenttocheckevery[C9]assignment,"says

psychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework."There'sa

[CIO]of叩preciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren[Cl1]the

gradetheydeserve."Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkof

youngerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir[C12].But"youdon'twantthem

tofeelithastobe【Cl3】J*shesays.That'snottosayparentsshould[C141

homeworkfirst,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkids[C15]

.Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin[C16]

four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshould

be**[C17]—morethananhourandahalf,"andtwoforhighschoolstudents.If

yourchild[C18]hasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck

[09]otherparentsandthentalktotheteacherabout[C20]

assignments.

40、[Cl]

A、very

B、exact

C>right

D、usual

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處指的是同天的傍晚，所以用very表示“恰恰是，正好是”。其他

三項“B項exact；C項right正確的，準確的；D項usual經常的”都不正確。因此A

項為正確答案。

41、[C2]

A、officials

B、parents

C、experts

D、schools

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此處是說為了提高教育水平，學校給學生很重的負擔，因此D項為

正確答案。

42、[C3]

A、Also

B、Even

C、Then

D、However

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處接上句話的意思，甚至小學生也在抱怨作業太多，因此B項為

正確答案。

43、[C4]

A、fatigue

B、confusion

C、duty

D、puzzle

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處是說作業太多引起疲勞，因此A項fatigue“疲乏，疲勞，累活”

符合句意。其他三項“B項confusion混亂，混淆；C項duty義務，責任；D項

puzzle難題，謎”都不正確。因此A項為正確答案。

44、[C5]

A、there

we

C、they

D、it

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此處是說專家建議家長不要介入孩子的家庭作'也，雖然這對家長來說

很難，用it來指代silbackaidchill。因此D項為正確答案。

45、[C6]

A、via

under

C、by

D、for

標準答案：c

知識點解析:C項“by通過……方式”符合題意。其他三項“A項via（經由，途經）；

B項under在……之下；D項for由于，因為”都不正確。此處是說雖然家長不得不

讓孩子做作業，但是家長將阻礙孩子自己完成作業通過“幫忙太多或者檢查太仔細”

的方式。因此C項為正確答案。

46、[C7]

A、questions

B、answers

C、standards

D^rules

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處是說檢查作業中的問題，因此B項為正確答案。

47、[C8]

A、off

B、without

C^beyond

D、from

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此處考查的是短語keep...from...“阻止，妨礙”。因此D項

為正確答案。

48、[C9]

A、single

B、piece

C、page

D、other

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A項everysingleassignment的意思是“每項作業”，符合題意。其他三

項“B項p