UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUESStructureofReadingandThinkingPeopleoftentalkabout_______(道德)and_______(美德).Butsometimestheymayface_______________(道德困境).InLinQiaozhi’seyes,lifeis_______(寶貴的).Whenothers________(托付)herwiththeirlives,itwas______(美德)that_________________(支撐著她度過了)alifeofhardchoices.Shedidnotchoose________(結婚)asthe_______(大多數)ofgirlsdid,butchosetostudymedicine._________(因此),herbrother_________(反應)angrilyand__________(抱怨)aboutit,thinkingofthehigh__________(學費).Aftergraduation,LinQiaozhiwona__________(獎學金)froma_____(聯合會)andwas_____(聘為)asa______________(住院醫師)inafamoushospital.Onceshewas_________(派往)asavisitingscholartoa______(診所)ina_______(遙遠的)country.Sheimpressedher_________(同事)by_______(拒絕)awell-paidoffer.She______(發表了)agreatdealofmedicalresearch.Shedidnotretireuntilthedayshe___________(去世).moralsvirtuesdilemmasmoralpreciousentrustedvirtuecarriedherthroughmarriagemajorityThereforerespondedcomplainedtuitionfeesscholarshipunionhiredresidentphysicianappointedfarawaycliniccolleaguesrejectingpublishedpassedaway復習1.“Lifeisprecious....Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife.“生命誠可貴。……對一個人來說，生命是最寶貴的.“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義

單句語法填空1).IenjoyedmyselfatthepartylastnightbecauseIhadneverbeentoamoreexciting(exciting)onebefore.2).Noonecouldperformbetter(well)thantheathletewhoachievedgreatsuccessintheWinterOlympicGames.3).“這是我吃過最好吃的早餐了！”媽媽眼中閃爍著淚水回答道。（2021全國卷I讀后續寫）moreexcitingbetter“ThisisthemostdelicousbreafastIhavehad!”themotherrespondedwithtearsshininginhereyes.(1)see意為“見證；目睹；經歷”時，常以表示時代、年代、世紀或地點的名詞作主語，表示某時或某地“目睹、發生、經歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動詞有find,witness,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語，用物作主語時，表示一種擬人的修辭手法，以增添語言色彩，使表達更形象。主語常跟以下動詞搭配：2.ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.例句：她在黎明時還在哭泣。Shewasweepingonthebenchatdawn.改成無靈主語：黎明時分，她還在長椅上哭泣。_________________________________________使用無靈主語句后，將時間擬人化，讓句子更具畫面感，仿佛黎明見證了她的悲傷。時間作主語地點作主語例句：這座老房子見證了三代人的成長。______________________________________________________house（房子）”是無生命的，在這里“見證”這個動作原本應該是由人來完成的，但通過賦予房子這個動作，強調了房子作為一個長久存在的事物，承載了三代人的記憶，使句子充滿歷史感和故事性。Thedawnsawherweepingonthebench.Theoldhousewitnessedthegrowthofthreegenerations.Theycamebackfromthepark,__________________alltheway.(一路歡聲笑語）Thestudentsenteredthelecturehall,______________________.(跟隨他們的老師）畫線部分在句中做什么成分？followingtheirteacher(s)talkingandlaughing現在分詞做伴隨狀語3.iftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,

sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”

現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？”4.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!找個好丈夫才是她們的歸宿！動名詞短語做主語，謂語動詞用單數

即學即練1.讀書是其樂無窮的。Doingsomereadingisgreatfun.2.定期跑步的確有益于健康。Runningregularlyissuretobebeneficialtohealth.

Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”1)wouldratherdo...寧愿做…2）wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿做…而不愿做…1)Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.

我寧愿過去接受了他的意見。2)IwouldratheryoucamenextSaturday.我寧愿你下星期六過來。3)IwouldratherIhadpassedtheexaminationlastweek.我真希望通過上星期的考試。3)wouldratherhavedonesth.寧愿過去做過某事4）wouldrather+從句

現在/將來

過去一般過去時(be-were)過去完成時1.Shewouldrather______(move)toanothercityimmediately.2.Janewouldrather___________(be)morecarefulatthattime.3.I’dratheryou_________(meet)herattheairporttomorrowmorning.4.I’drathershe___________(ask)mebeforeborrowingthecar.movehavebeenmethadasked英語中表示第幾個做某事的人時，只能用todo作后置定語即：主語+謂語+thefirst/second/last+todosth.5.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她隨即成為北京協和醫學院婦產科有史以來第一位被聘為住院醫師的女性。In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.1941年，林醫生成為北京協和醫院婦產科的首位中國籍女主任1.阿姆斯特朗是第一個登（step）上月球的人。NeilArmstrongbecamethefirstman_________________________.2.劉洋是中國第一個被送入太空的女宇航員(astronaut)。LiuYangisthefirst____________________________________________intospace.tosteponthemoonChinesewomanastronauttobesent即學即用3.他總是第一個到達教室，又是最后一個離開的人。Heisalways____________________andthelastone____________________________.4.最后一個到達（reach）終點線(finishingline)的人也會被授予獎章。__________________________________________________willalsobeawardedtheprize.thefirsttoarrivetoleavetheclassroomThelastpersontoreachthefinishingline6.ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.雖然林巧稚終身未婚，但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”，她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名林醫生堅守在崗位上.現在分詞的一般式：doing現在分詞的完成式:having+doneStandingonthemountain,Icanseethewholetown.Havingfinishedherwork,shewenthome.

分詞完成式與一般式的區別：一般式所表示的動作雖然可以先于謂語動作，但兩者之間沒有時間間隔，而完成式所表示先于謂語的動作則與謂語動作有一定的時間間隔。Havingfailedtwice,hedidn’twanttotryagain.他已經失敗了兩次，不想再試了。Havinglostallmymoney,Ihavetogohome.我把錢全丟了，于是我只能回家了。Havingwrittendownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemanletusgo.那警察把我們的姓名和地址記下之后就讓我們走了。1.____________(smoke)toomuch,hehassufferedlungcancer.2.______________(walk)downthestreet,heheardsomeone_____________(cry).3.__________(live)inTianjingformanyyears,heknowtheplacewell.即學即用HavingsmokedWalkingcryingHvinglivedoperationresponsehiredscaredsharpentensionenergetictotake同義異構：用本單元已學單詞或短語替換畫線部分，使句意保持不變。(10分)1.IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?(2014重慶單項填空)___________2.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmyworkmatesandIwereworried.(2018全國語法填空改)___________3.Studentborrowing(助學貸款)hasmorethandoubledinthelasttenyears.(2011山東閱讀理解改)___________4.Hebringsmejoyandgivesmealotofencouragement.(2019天津閱讀表達改)___________5.Mymothertoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.(2020浙江閱讀7選5改)___________rejectedcolleaguesdecadeagreatdealofTherefore二、一詞多義、熟詞生義：寫出下列句子中粗體詞精準的漢語釋義。(10分)1.Sheisafamousjudgeincourtandawriter.[court詞源義“圍起來的院子”](2016上海聽力理解)___________2.Sparrowisafast-foodchainwith200restaurants.[chain基本義“鏈條”](2013山東閱讀理解)___________3.Yourtoughjobmighthelpkeepyousharp.[sharp基本義“尖的”](2020浙江閱讀理解)___________4.Theofficer’sproposalscameinforsomesharpcriticism(批評).___________5.Manypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.[pickup基本義“拿起；撿起”](2019北京閱讀理解改)___________6.Ihavetodrivetotheairporttopickupanadvertiserateleven.(2017全國聽力理解改)___________7.Operationhoursofthiscompanyarebetween9amand3pm.[operation基本義“運行”](2014天津閱讀理解改)___________8.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector(探測器),workersshouldmakecertaintheredlightisworking.(2018天津閱讀理解改)___________9.Usuallypopularsciencebooksexplainbasicprinciplesofnatureinasimpleandinterestingway.[principle基本義“原則”](2014浙江書面表達)___________10.TaiChiiscalled“shadowboxing”inEnglish.Itasksyoutoactlikewater:tobeflexibleaswellasstrong.[flexible詞源義“能夠被彎曲的”](2014遼寧對話填空)___________1.法庭2.連鎖店[chain基本義“鏈條”，同一主人或公司掌控的一系列店鋪等構成的“鏈條”→

連鎖店]3.敏銳的[sharp基本義“尖的”，頭腦或感官“尖的”→

敏銳的]4.（言辭等）尖刻的[sharp基本義“尖的”，言語等“尖的”→

尖刻的]5.接聽

6.搭載[pickup基本義“拿起；撿起”，用車“撿起”人或物

→

搭載]7.營業時間[operation基本義“運行”，公司“運行”→

運營；經營]8.操作9.定律；法則10.柔韌的NothingcouldbebetterthanfeelingenergeticandreadytostartanewdayIwouldratherdomyworkweatherpermitting提能1單元話題寫作邱老師是你喜歡的老師之一,他身上良好的品行深深地影響著你。根據以上信息及提示補全下面文章。OneofmyfavouriteteachersisMr.Qiu,whoissokindand①_________(energy).Thepastthreeyears②________________________________________(見證了他為我們的付出;擬人的修辭手法).Heoftentellsusthatkindnessisthemostpreciousforaperson(用“否定詞＋形容詞比較級”升級黑體部分:③_________________________________________).Wecan'tagreewithhimmore.Heisalwaysthefirst④___________________________________(幫助我們解決困難),forwhichwealladmirehimalot.Notonlyishereadytohelpothers,butheevendevotesalotof(用本單元詞匯替換黑體詞：

⑤_____________)hissparetimetohiswork.Hehastriedhisbestto⑥_________________(幫助我們渡過難關)wheneverweareinneed.Withouthis⑦___________(assist),wecouldn'thavedonesowell.energetichaveseen/witnessedwhathehasdoneforusnothingismorepreciousthankindnessforaperson

toassistustosettle/insettlingourtroubles

a