鄂南高中黃岡中學(xué)黃石二中荊州中學(xué)龍泉中學(xué)武漢二中孝感高中襄陽四中襄陽五中宜昌一中夷陵中學(xué)屆高三湖北省十一校第二次聯(lián)考英語試題考試時間：分鐘試卷滿分：分)注意事項：題卡上的指定位置。選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一部分：聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutA.He’sjustfinishedapianolesson.B.Helovesplayingtheguitar.C.Heplaysdrumsinaband.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hithere,I’vejustfinishedmypianolesson.Haveyoubeenpracticingyourguitarlately?M:I’vebeenlearningsomenewsongs.IlovethefeelingwhenIfinallygetasongright.W:onlyneedsomeoneondrumsandwecouldformaband.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atacafé.B.Atauniversity.C.Atananimalshelter.第1頁/共28頁【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Gina.Isthatyou?Whatbringsyouhere?W:Oh,hi,Kevin.I’madoptingthiscutelittledoghere.She’ssofriendlyandwellbehaved.M:haven’tmetsinceuniversity.Whataboutachatatthecafénearby?Myworkisalmostfinished.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howcantheman’srecipebedescribed?A.It’sareward.B.It’sasuccess.C.It’saproblem.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Itriedthatnewrecipeyoushared—thechocolatechipcookies.Theywereahitwithmyfamily.M:I’mgladyoulikedthem.I’vesharedthatrecipewithsomanypeopleandtheyallsaythesamething.Bakingcanbesorewarding.W:Itcertainlycan.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdothetwospeakershaveinmon?A.Theyenjoyreading.B.Theyareinthelibrary.C.Theyhavejustfinishedabook.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mreadinganamazingbook.Igotitfromthelibrary.It’sarealpageturner.W:Whichoneisit?I’mlookingforsomethingnewtoread.I’vejustfinishedmylatestbook.M:TheNightCircusbyErinMorgenstern.loveit.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewoman’sdutyintheevent?A.makefood.B.playintheband.C.givedirections.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Didyouhearaboutthecharityeventatthevillagehallnextweekend?第2頁/共28頁M:Isawtheflyers.There’sgoingtobeabandandfood.Areyougoing?W:Absolutely.I’mvolunteeringtheretoshowpeopletheway.It’sforagreatcause.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.Whywasitdifficulttorescuethecat?A.Itwastooscaredtomove.B.Itwashurtbythebranches.C.Itwasinthetopofatree.7.Whatdidthemandotorescuethecat?A.Hegotaneighbortohelphim.B.Heborrowedaladder.C.Heclimbedthetree.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,youwon’tbelievewhathappenedearliertoday.Ihadtorescueacatthatwasstuckinatree.W:Oh,really?meallaboutit.M:Itwasquiteachallenge.Thepoorthingwasterrifiedandwouldn’tedown.Ihadtogetaladderfrommyneighborbut,eventhen,ittooksometimetogetthecattotrustme.Finally,afterabitofpatience,Imanagedtoreachitandbringitdownsafely.W:That’ssokindofyou.Itsoundslikequiteanadventure.M:Itwas.I’mjustgladIcouldhelpthepoorcreature.8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.ConductinganB.Reportingsomenews.第3頁/共28頁C.Organizinganevent.9.WhatisCharlesMartin’sfamilymainlyworriedabout?A.Hishealthtobeeworse.B.Hisnottoberecognized.C.Hisneglectofhisstudiesorfamily.10.HowdoesCharlesMartinplantoremovehisfamily’sconcerns?A.Bytalkingtohisteacher.B.Byinvolvinghisfamily.C.Byquittingtheproject.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:CharlesMartin,thankyouforjoiningustoday.Couldyoutellusaboutyourrecentproject?M:Ofcourse.I’vebeenworkingonanewenvironmentalprograminourmunity.beenorganizingcleanupeventsandplantingtreestoreducepollution.W:Thatdeservespraise.Howdoesyourfamilyfeelaboutthetimeyou’redevotingtoit?M:it’sbeenchallenging.Myfamilyhasbeensupportive,butIcansensetheirconcerns.W:Isee.Whataretheirmajorconcerns?M:TheyworrythatImightnothaveenoughtimeforstudyorthatI’llneglectmyresponsibilitiesathome.W:That’sunderstandable.Howdoyouplantoaddresstheseconcernswhilecontinuingyourimportantwork?M:It’sabalancingactforsure.I’mmakingantoinvolvetheminsomeofthemunityactivities,soitbeesafamilyAndI’vebeenworkingonbettertimemanagement.Whatarethespeakers?A.Aplayerandacoach.B.Footballfans.C.TVsportsreporters.12.Whatcausesthecurrentsituationofthegameaccordingtotheman?A.Baddefense.B.Poorpassing.C.Certainplayers.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkwillhappenattheendofthegame?A.Thehometeamwillwin.B.Thevisitingteamwillwin.第4頁/共28頁C.Thegamewillendina【答案】B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Sorry,Itooksolong.Icouldn’tfindourseatsanywhere—thesecheeringsectionsinthisstadiumarecrazyrightnow!W:It’saveryclosematch.onlygot20minutesleft.Howdoyouthinkthegamewillend?M:Idon’tknow,Eva.boughtticketsandwatchedHamUnitedF.C.playathomedozensoftimes.Thesegamesarehardtopredict.W:IButlookatallofusfanstogether,cheeringonourteamfromthestands.cancheerourteamtovictory.M:Ihopeso.It’sstilladrawButifthecoachdoesn’tswitchsomeplayersonthefield,we’lldefinitelylose.W:Havesomefaith!M:aslongaswekeepupourexcellentdefenseandpassing,we’llstopthevisitingteamfromwinning.W:Ourteam’smovementisexcellent,andwe’llgetatleasttwomoregoalsinthenetbythegame’send.see!M:Ihopeyou’reright!14.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Theworkinglife.B.Collegeexperience.C.Hobbies.15.Howlonghasthemanbeenatuniversity?A.Aboutfourmonths.B.Aboutsixmonths.C.Aboutninemonths.16.Whatisthebiggestissuefortheman?A.Thestressofexams.B.Theshortageofmoney.C.Theloadsofassignments.17.Whendoesthemanfindtimetorelax?A.Onweekends.B.Rightafterexams.C.Afterparttimework.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Heythere.How’slifeatuniversitytreatingyou?beentheresinceSeptemberandit’stheendof第5頁/共28頁DecemberM:Oh,it’sbeenquiteanexperience.I’mreallyenjoyingit.W:It’sgreattohearyou’reenjoyingit.What’sbeenthemostenjoyablepartsofar?M:I’vemadesomefantasticfriendshere.I’vemetpeoplefromallwalksoflife.AndI’veevenjoinedaclubforoutdoorenthusiasts.It’sbeenalotoffunexploringthenearbyhikingtrailsandspendingweekendscamping.W:Soundsgreat.ButIcanimagineit’snotallplainsailing.Anychallengesyou’vehadtoface?M:Ohyes.Managingloadsofassignmentsandexamscanbequitestressful.Andthemostseriousproblemisthefinancialissue.Myparttimejobbarelycoversallmyexpensessobudgetinghasbeenarealstruggle.W:Icanseehowthatcanbetough.Wheredoyouusuallystudy?M:Imostlystudyintheuniversitylibrary.It’saquietandwellequippedplace,perfectforfocusing.W:Whendoyouusuallyfindtimetorelax?M:Honestly,mostofmyfreetimeistakenupbymyparttimejoborstudying.Itrytocatchsomerelaxationtimeattheweekendbyhangingoutwithfriendsorgoingforalongwalkinthenearbypark.18.Howdidthespeakerbeeaphotographerindemand?A.Byteachinginworkshops.B.Bystartingabusiness.C.Bytakingoddjobs.19.Whatchallengedidthespeakerface?A.Thestressoftakingperfectpictures.B.Decreasedinterestinphotography.C.Constantlychangingconfidence.20.Whatisincludedinthespeaker’sfutureplansforhiscareer?A.photographytripsabroad.B.Expandinghisphotographybusiness.C.Learningmoreformsofphotography.【答案】18C19.A20.C【解析】第6頁/共28頁【原文】It’squiteincrediblehowasimplehobbycanturnintoafulfillingandsuccessfulcareer.Iwanttosharemyjourneywithyou,startingfrommyloveforphotography.Iusedtotakepicturesoflandscapesandpeopleduringmyfreetime.Itwasmywayofcapturinglife’sbeautifulmomentsandexpressingmycreativity.LittledidIexpectthatthispassionwouldleadtoacareer.Overtime,Iimprovedmyskillsbyexperimentingwithvarioustechniquesandattendingphotographyworkshops.Friendsandfamilybegantonoticemytalentandaskedmetophotographtheirevents.Thiswastheturningpoint.Istarteddoingsmalljobslikecapturingweddings,parties,andspecialmoments.ofmouthquicklyspread,andsoon,Iwasindemandasaphotographer.Asmyclientbaseexpanded,sodidmyconfidenceandambition.IrealizedIcouldturnmyhobbyintoafulltimecareer.However,thisjourneyhaditschallenges.Thepressureofdeliveringperfectphotos,theirregularine,andthepetitioninthephotographyworldtestedmypatience.Now,I’veestablishedmyownphotographybusiness,specializinginportraitphotography.I’vetraveledtobeautifulplaces,metwonderfulpeople,andcapturedcountlessunforgettablemoments.Myfutureplansincludeexploringnewtypesofphotography,teachingambitiousphotographers,andcontinuingtofindnewwaystotelldomesticstoriesthroughmycamera.第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AthegrowingpopularityoftheTVseriesBlossomsShanghai,keyscenespresentingcityareasintheshowhavebeethehottesttouristattractionsinShanghaioflate.ThenarratorintheTVseriesBlossomsShanghaipointsout:“In1993,the755meterlongHuangheRoadhadover100restaurants,attractingcountlesswealthydinerseachnight.”StartingfromHuangheRoadandcrossingNanjingRoadtotheBund,you’llpassbymanyscenicspotsoftenfilmedintheseries:·Theprototype(原型)ofHuLianDepartmentStoreintheTVserieswasHuaLianDepartmentStorebetween1988and2006.ItlaterchangeditsnametoOnDepartmentStoreandwasoneofthefourmajororiginaldepartmentstoresinShanghai.Address:No635EastNanjingRoad,Huangpudistrict.·It’samajorsceneintheTVserieswheretheheroABao,playedbyactorHuGe,resides.ThehotelfirstopeneditsdoorsonAug1,1929,andwasoriginallynamedCathayHotelbyitsowner,SirSassoon,a第7頁/共28頁businessmanandhotelier.Address:No20EastNanjingRoad,Huangpudistrict.·AsoneoftheimportantbuildingsintheBundarchitecturalplexandakeyculturalrelicprotectedunitinChina,thebuildingusedtobeownedbyJardineMathesonandlaterservedasanbuildingfortheShanghaiForeignBureauformanyyears.IntheTVseries,thelocationiscalledtheForeignBuilding.Address:No27EastZhongshanRoad,Huangpudistrict.21.AccordingtothenarratorintheBlossomsShanghai,whatcanweknowabouttheHuangheRoad?A.ItiswheretheheroABaoresides.B.IthasthemostrestaurantsinShanghai.C.Itappealedtomanyricheaterseverynight.D.ItisthesiteoftheOnDepartmentStore.22.WhichofthefollowingbuildingswasinitiallynamedCathayHotel?A.No27TheBund.B.FairmontPeaceHotel.C.HuLianDepartmentStore.D.OnDepartmentStore.23.Ifyouareinterestedinarchitecture,whichplacewouldyouliketovisit?A.No755HuangheRoad,Huangpudistrict.B.No20EastNanjingRoad,Huangpudistrict.C.No635EastNanjingRoad,Huangpudistrict.D.No27EastZhongshanRoad,Huangpudistrict.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。隨著電視劇《繁花》的流行，越來越多的人想去上海進(jìn)行城市漫步。本文介紹了劇中火熱的一條城市漫步的路線，以及這條路線上的三處旅游景點，給準(zhǔn)備去上海進(jìn)行城市漫步的游客提供一些有用的建議和參考。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThenarratorintheTVseriesBlossomsShanghaipointsout:“In1993,the755meterlongHuangheRoadhadover100restaurants,attractingcountlesswealthydinerseachnight.”(電視劇1993年，755米長的黃河路上有100)”可知，黃河路擁有100多家餐廳，每晚都吸引無數(shù)的有錢食客。故選C。第8頁/共28頁【22題詳解】中的“ThehotelfirstopeneditsdoorsonAug1,1929,andwasoriginallynamedCathayHotelbyitsowner,SirSassoon,abusinessmanandhotelier.(這家酒店于1929年8月1日首次開業(yè)，最初由其所有者維克多·沙遜爵士命名為華懋飯店。維克多·沙遜是一位商人和酒店經(jīng)營者)”可知，F(xiàn)airmontPeaceHotel最初被命名為CathayHotel。故選B。【23題詳解】中的“AsoneoftheimportantbuildingsintheBundarchitecturalplexandakeyculturalrelicprotectedunitinChina,thebuildingusedtobeownedbyJardineMathesonandlaterservedasanbuildingfortheShanghaiForeignBureauformanyyears.(作為外灘建筑群中的重要建筑之一，同時也是中國重點文物保護(hù)單位，這座建筑曾為怡和洋行所有，后來多年間一直作為上海對外貿(mào)易局的辦公樓使用)”和“Address:No27EastZhongshanRoad,Huangpudistrict.(地址：黃浦區(qū)中山東路27號)”可知，No27TheBund是外灘建筑群的重要建筑之一和全國重點文物保護(hù)單位，如果你對建筑感興趣的話可以去參觀此地。D項是No27TheBund的具體地址。故選D。BLateonenightinJuly2020,HalliwaswalkingaroundReykjavik’smainshoppingstreetwithhisfamily.TheyhadjustmovedbacktoIcelandfromtheUnitedStatesandwerestrugglingwithjetlag(時差).Whenhisthreeyearoldsonwantedadrinkfromacornerstore,Hallifacedaproblem:a20centimetrestepblockedhiswheelchairfromenteringthestore.ThiswasnotnewtoHalli,whohasusedawheelchairsinceage25duetoamuscledisease.Ashewaitedoutside,hethoughtabouthowoftenhehadbeenexcludedfromplaceslikerestaurantsandstoresbecausetheywerenotaccessible.Halli,asuccessfuldigitaldesigner,hadlivedinmanycitiesworldwideandnoticedhowdifferentlytheyapproachedaccessibility.Aftersellinghispany,Ueno,to(nowX),hedecidedtousehisresourcestomakeIcelandmorewheelchairfriendly.In2021,helaunchedRamp(斜坡)UpReykjavik,anonprofitprojectaimingtobuild100permanentrampsinthecity’sdowntownwithinayear.Unliketemporaryrampsinothercities,theseweredesignedtofitperfectlywiththebuildings,makingthemlookliketheyhadalwaysbeenthere.governmentfundingandsponsors,theprojectwentbeyonditsgoalandexpandednationwide.By2026,theteamplanstobuild1,500rampsacrossIceland,costingabout400millionIcelandickrona.Iceland’spresidentpraisedtheproject,saying,wantoursocietytobeinclusive.Hallihasshownushow第9頁/共28頁easyitistomakeadifferencewhenweworktogether.”Injustthreeyears,Hallihasbeealocalhero,knownasa“kindtechgiant”.Hehopeshisworkinspiresothers.Recently,awomanbuiltarampatherhomesoherwheelchairusingfriendcouldvisiteasily.“Equalaccessisnotarealityyet,”hesays,“butchangestartswithoneperson.”24.WhatinspiredHallitostartthe‘RampUpReykjavik’project?A.Thelackofwheelchairaccess.B.Hisson’sdifficultyinfindingadrink.C.AsuggestionfromIceland’spresident.D.HisdesiretobeefamousinIceland.25.Howaretherampsbuiltby‘RampUpReykjavik’differentfromthoseinothercities?A.Theyarecheaptoconstruct.B.Theyareonlybuiltindowntown.C.Theyaretemporaryandmovable.D.Theylookfittedwiththebuildingsforever.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHalli?A.Generousandpatient.B.Positiveandenergetic.C.Smartandhardworking.D.Inspiringandpioneering.27.WhatdoseHalliexpectpeopletodoaboutequalaccess?A.Goaheadtostartfromsmall.B.Buildrampsineverycity.C.Appealtogovernmentforfunds.D.Raiseawarenessthroughmedia.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了Halli因肌肉疾病使用輪椅，在回到冰島后面臨諸多不便，于是他決定利用自己的資源發(fā)起“RampUpReykjavik”非營利項目，旨在為雷克雅未克市中心建造永久斜坡，以方便輪椅通行。他的行動證明了共同努力可以使社會更加包容。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Ashewaitedoutside,hethoughtabouthowoftenhehadbeenexcludedfromplaceslikerestaurantsandstoresbecausetheywerenotaccessible.()”以及第三段中的“Aftersellinghispany,Ueno,to(nowX),hedecidedtousehisresourcestomakeIcelandmorewheelchairfriendly.(在將自己的公司Ueno賣給（現(xiàn)為X）后，他決定利用自己的資源讓冰島更加適合輪椅出行。)”可知，是缺乏輪椅通道激發(fā)了哈利啟動“RampUpReykjavik”項目。故選A項。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Unliketemporaryrampsinothercities,theseweredesignedtofitperfectly第10頁/共28頁withthebuildings,makingthemlookliketheyhadalwaysbeenthere.(設(shè)計成與建筑物完美契合，看起來就像它們一直存在一樣。)RampUpReykjavik”建造的斜坡與其他城市的斜坡不同的是它們看起來與建筑物融為一體。故選D項。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Halli,asuccessfuldigitaldesigner,hadlivedinmanycitiesworldwideandnoticedhowdifferentlytheyapproachedaccessibility.Aftersellinghispany,Ueno,to(nowX),hedecidedtousehisresourcestomakeIcelandmorewheelchairfriendly.(哈利是一位成功的數(shù)字設(shè)計師，他在世Ueno賣給（現(xiàn)為X）后，他決定利用自己的資源讓冰島更加適合輪椅出行。)”以及最后一段中“Hehopeshisworkinspiresothers.Recently,awomanbuiltarampatherhomesoherwheelchairusingfriendcouldvisiteasily.(他希望他的工作能激勵他人。最近，一位婦女在家里修了一個坡道，這樣她坐輪椅的朋友就可以方便地來了。)Halli決定利用自己的資源讓冰島更加適合輪椅出行，旨在讓冰島變得更加包容，同時他的工作激勵了其他人，比如那位為輪椅朋友在家中建造坡道的女性。由此表明，Halli是一個有啟發(fā)性且富有開創(chuàng)精神的人。故選D項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“‘Equalaccessisnotarealityyet,’hesays,‘butchangestartswithoneperson.’()”可知，Halli期望人們從小事做起實現(xiàn)平等無障礙。故選A項。CWhensomeoneproposesafalseclaim,what’sthebestwaytochangetheirmind?Arecentpapersuggeststhatimmediatelynegatingtheclaimwithevidenceisn’tespeciallyeffective.Instead,“bypassing”thefalseclaimwithpositivecounter(反)claimsaboutthetopicmightbeabetterstrategy.Theclassicresponsetosomeonepresentingmisinformationistopresentcounterevidence.AstheresearchersattheAnnenbergPublicPolicyCenter(APPC)putit,“Thegoldstandardfortacklingmisinformationisusuallyacorrectionthatactuallycontradictsthemisinformation.”Suppose,forexample,thatyourdadpassesbacktheroastpotatoesoverafamilydinner,saying,“AretheseGMOs(轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品)?Nah,don’twantanymorephysicalreactions.”mightthensay,“Actually,thehealthbodiesofalltheG7agreethatGMOsdonotcausereactions.”Butthatlikelywon’twork.TheAPPCteamconductedsixexperimentswheretheyparedactuallycorrectingsomeonewith“bypassing”andfoundthatusingevidenceandfactstodisprovesomeonetendstobefarlesssuccessfulatchangingattitudes.第11頁/共28頁So,whatisbypassingandwhyisitseeminglymoreeffective?Bypassingiswhere,insteadofprovidingsomenegativedisapprovalofaclaim,youinsteadprovidepositivecounterclaimsaboutthetopic.Forexample,ifsomeonetellsyouthat5Gkillsbirds,tellthemthat5Gaddsbillionstotheworldeconomy.Bypassingmeansnotmeetingyourmisinformedopponentheadon.Thisisnotabattleofargumentsorthestudies.arepushinganargumentintoadifferentposition.It’susingsomeone’smovementsandlogicagainstthem.TherearelimitationstowhattheteamatAPPChasconcluded.Theirstudyintobypassingwaslargelyaboutattitudestopolicies,notaboutbeliefchangeorbeliefcorrection.Someonemightstillbelievethat5GkillsbirdsorthatGMOscausereactions,butadmitthatthosearenecessarybadthings,paredtothepositiveoutesyoupresentthemwith.So,bypassingisn’ttheonlytoolavailable,anditmightnotevenbethebestifyourconcernisbeliefchange.Changingsomeone’sbeliefisaplicatedpsychologicaltopic,andthereisdefinitelynoonesizefitsallstrategy.Whenitestopolicydecisionsandwillingnesstoacceptacertaintechnologyormedicine,bypassingseemslikeavaluabletooltoaddtoyourkit.28.AccordingtotheAPPCresearch,howdoes“bypassing”fromtraditionalcorrections?A.Itusesstrongerevidence.B.Itadoptsemotionalappeals.C.Itpositivearguments.D.Itfocusesonunrelatedtopics.29.Whichcanbeusedasanexampleof“bypassing”?A.GMOsaresafetoeatbecausescientistssayso.B.GMOscanproducehigheroutputwithlesscost.C.5Gkillbirds,buttheirbenefitsoutweightherisks.D.5Gdoesn’tkillbirds,fortheyshownoconnection.30.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“bypassing”toolaccordingtothetext?A.Itisthemostreliableway.B.Itmayhelpacceptpolicies.C.Itappearsfrequentlyindebates.D.Itiseffectiveinbeliefcorrection.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Bypassing:ABettertoShiftAttitudes?B.Changingone’sMind:BypassIndirectly!C.ChallengingMisinformation:Bypassit!D.Negatingtheclaim:doesitwork?【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.A第12頁/共28頁【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了在面對錯誤信息時，傳統(tǒng)的反駁方式可能不如“繞過”策略有效，并探討了“繞過”策略的定義、有效性及其局限性。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theclassicresponsetosomeonepresentingmisinformationistopresentcounterevidence.AstheresearchersattheAnnenbergPublicPolicyCenter(APPC)putit,‘Thegoldstandardfortacklingmisinformationisusuallyacorrectionthatactuallycontradictsthemisinformation.’(對于傳播錯誤信息的人，典型的回應(yīng)是提供反證。正如安南伯格公共政策中心(APPC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通常是一種實際上與錯誤信息相矛盾的糾正’)”以及第三段中“Bypassingiswhere,insteadofprovidingsomenegativedisapprovalofaclaim,youinsteadprovidepositivecounterclaimsaboutthetopic.(繞過)”可知，APPCC。【29題詳解】Bypassingiswhere,insteadofprovidingsomenegativedisapprovalofaclaim,youinsteadprovidepositivecounterclaimsaboutthetopic.Forexample,ifsomeonetellsyouthat5Gkillsbirds,tellthemthat5Gaddsbillionstotheworldeconomy.(繞過錯誤信息是指，你不是對某個說法提出一些負(fù)面的反對意見，而是對這個話題提出積極的反論。例如，如果有人告訴你5G會殺死鳥，告訴他們5G為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增加了數(shù)十億美元)B選項“轉(zhuǎn)基因作物能以較低的成本產(chǎn)生更高的產(chǎn)量”可以作為“繞過”的例子，因為它提供了關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品的積極論點，而不是直接反駁其安全性。故選B。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whenitestopolicydecisionsandwillingnesstoacceptacertaintechnologyormedicine,bypassingseemslikeavaluabletooltoaddtoyourkit.(當(dāng)涉及到政策決策以及接受某種技術(shù)或藥)可能有助于接受政策。故選B。【31題詳解】Whensomeoneproposesafalseclaim,what’sthebestwaytochangetheirmind?Arecentpapersuggeststhatimmediatelynegatingtheclaimwithevidenceisn’tespeciallyeffective.Instead,‘bypassing’thefalseclaimwithpositivecounter(反)claimsaboutthetopicmightbeabetterstrategy.(當(dāng)有人提出虛假說法時，改變他們想法的最好方法是什么?最近的一篇論文表明，立即用證據(jù)否定這種說法并不是特第13頁/共28頁)”以及最后一段“So,bypassingisn’ttheonlytoolavailable,anditmightnotevenbethebestifyourconcernisbeliefchange.(因此，繞過并不是唯一可用的工具，如果你擔(dān)心的是信念的改變，它甚至可能不是最好的。)”可知，文章主要介紹了在處理虛假信息時，用積極的反論來“繞過”虛假說法可能比用證據(jù)直接否定更有效，并探討了其與傳統(tǒng)反駁方式的區(qū)別及其局限性。所以A選項“繞過：改變態(tài)度的更好方法？”能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選A。DPeoplefrequentlyemployAItocraftemails,plantravel,getfinancialadvice,summarizetexts,andprepareforjobinterviews.Accordingtoa2024PewResearchsurvey,roughlyhalfofAmericanssaidtheyuseAIatleastseveraltimesaweek,whilearecentsurveyfoundthatvirtuallyallAmericansuseproductsthatcontainAI(eventhoughtwothirdsdon’trealizeit).paniesofferingAIassistantssellthemasproductivityboosters.Theyarguethatassigningthemroutinementaltasksfreesupusers’timeandcognitive(認(rèn)知的)resources,whichtheycanthenspendonother,morecreative,andinnovativepursuits.Theideamakesnaturalsenseandhasbackinginthescientificliterature.Accordingtocognitiveloadtheory,thehumancognitivesystemhaslimitedcapacity.Soreducingcognitiveloadcanenhancelearningandperformance.HabituallyoffloadingcognitivetaskstoAIcouldbackfire,however.AsAIhasgrownmoremonplaceineverydaylife,psychologiststheorizethatitreducesusers’engagementindeep,reflectivethinking,causingtheircriticalthinkingskillstodeclineovertime.ProfessorDr.MichaelGerlich,HeadoftheCenterforStrategicCorporateForesightandSustainabilityattheSwissBusinessSchool,isoneoftheresearchersstudyingthisrisk.“IfindividualsusethecognitiveresourcesfreedupbyAIforinnovativetasks,thepromiseholds.”hetoldBigThink.“However,myresearchandrelatedstudiessuggestthatmanyuserschanneltheseresourcesintopassiveconsumption,drivenbyAIenhancedcontentselection.Thistrendmatchesfindingsondigitaldependence,wheretheconvenienceofAIencouragesafeedbackcyclethatprioritizesentertainmentovercriticalengagement.”Inotherwords,whenAIfreesupusers’cognitiveresources,theytypicallydon’tusetheirextratimeandbrainpowertoproblemsolveorcreate.Rather,theytuneoutbywatchingNetflixorbrowsingsocialmedia—contentservedupbyAIalgorithms(算法).Gerlichfoundaverystrongnegativecorrelationbetweensubjects’useofAItoolsandtheircriticalthinkingskills.Thehighertheirusage,thelowertheirskills.participantstendedtobemoredependentonAItoolsparedtoolderparticipants.Educationwasassociatedwithgreatercritical第14頁/共28頁thinkingskillsandreducedAI’snegative32.WhatisthemainargumentofpaniesofferingAIassistants?A.Theyimproveefficiencyandoutput.B.Theyhelpusersreducescreentime.C.Theyexpandusers’cognitiveabilities.D.Theyenhancecreativityandinnovation.33.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“backfire”inparagraph3?A.ResultinapositiveB.Causenegativeconsequences.C.Achieveanintendedoute.D.Provetheexistingtheorywrong.34.WhatdoesDr.Gerlich’sresearchsuggestabouttheuseofAI?A.Freedupresourcesfuelinnovation.B.AIismainlyforeducationalpurposes.C.OlderusersaremorelikelytorelyonAI.D.Freedupresourcesgotomindlessactivities.35.WhichcandescribetherelationshipbetweenAIusageandcriticalthinking?A.Irrelevant.B.plicated.C.disadvantageous.D.Positive.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了人工智能（AI）在日常生活中的廣泛應(yīng)用及其對用戶認(rèn)知能力，特別是批判性思維技能的影響。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“paniesofferingAIassistantssellthemasproductivityboosters.(提供AI助手的公司將其宣傳為提高生產(chǎn)力的工具)”可知，提供AI助手的公司認(rèn)為AI助手可以提高效率和產(chǎn)出。故選A。【33題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“AsAIhasgrownmoremonplaceineverydaylife,psychologiststheorizethatitreducesusers’engagementindeep,reflectivethinking,causingtheircriticalthinkingskillstodeclineovertime.(隨著人工智能在日常生活中的日益普及，心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，它會減少用戶參與深度、反思性思考的時間，從而導(dǎo)致他們的批判性思維技能隨著時間的推移而下降)AI思維技能下降，所以“backfire”的意思是“導(dǎo)致負(fù)面后果”。故選B。【34題詳解】Inotherwords,whenAIfreesupusers’cognitiveresources,theytypicallydon’tuse第15頁/共28頁theirextratimeandbrainpowertoproblemsolveorcreate.Rather,theytuneoutbywatchingNetflixorbrowsingsocialmedia—contentservedupbyAIalgorithms.(換句話說，當(dāng)AI釋放用戶的認(rèn)知資源時，他們通常不會利用額外的時間和腦力去解決問題或創(chuàng)造。相反，他們會通過觀看Netflix或瀏覽社交媒體來消磨時間——這些內(nèi)容都是由AI算法提供的)”可知，釋放出來的資源被用在了無意義的活動上。故選D。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Gerlichfoundaverystrongnegativecorrelationbetweensubjects’useofAItoolsandtheircriticalthinkingskills.(GerlichAI工具與其批判性思維技能之間存在非常強(qiáng)的負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系)”可知，AI使用與批判性思維之間的關(guān)系是不利的，即使用AI工具越多，批判性思維技能越低。故選C。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)allexperiencedthefrustrationofforgettingwhatwestudiedyesterday.Butmemoryisn’tjustaboutnaturaltalent.It’saskillwecanimprovewithsmartstrategies.Ourbrainsnaturallyscreeninformation.forget70%ofnewknowledgewithin24hoursifwedon’treviewit.brainservesasalibrary.Wheneveryourevisitinformation,you’replacingitonamoreaccessibleshelf.Astudentwhoreviewsmathformulas(公式)rightafterclass,thenbeforebed,andoncemoreafterthreedayswillfindthemeasiertorecallduringexams.____36________37____Whenrecitingwordslike“photosynthesis”,simplyrepeatingthespellingoftenfailsquickly.Instead,picturesunlighthittinggreenleaveswhilereadingabiologytextbook.Thisbinestext,imagery,andrealworldmeaning,activatingmultiplebrainareasatonce.Similarly,linking“pineapple”to“pinetreewithapples”createsafunnymentalimagehardtoforgetforlong.Sleepandcalmmindsaresecretweap