菏澤一中八一路高二下學期第一次月考英語試題注意事項:1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務必將姓名、班級等個人信息填寫在答題卡指定位置。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區域內作答。超出答題區域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）第一節聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At6:45.B.At6:30.C.At6:00.2Whatdidthemandothismorning?A.Heattendedalecture.B.Hegaveatalk.C.Hepreparedforaninterview.3Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.4Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Tightjeansareoutdated.B.Themagazineisforkids.C.Sheknowsmuchaboutfashion.5Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Thecauseoffoggydays.B.Thefrequencyofbadweather.C.Theimpactoffrequentsmog.第二節聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6Whatisthewoman’sopiniononthedetectivefilmonTV?A.Boring.B.Funny.C.Informative.7Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersbothlike?A.Thrillers.B.Detectivefilms.C.Documentaries.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8WhathappenedtoBill?A.Hefelloutofbed.B.Hehadahealthissue.C.Hearguedwithhiswife.9WhatwasthematterwithDaisy?A.Sheatesomethingwrong.B.Shecouldn’tgetoutofbed.C.Shehadapaininherstomach.10WhatdoesthewomansayaboutTom?A.Hehadabadcold.B.Hesufferedfromfoodpoisoning.C.Hemighthaveasensitivitytosomething.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11Whatwasthenewsmainlyabout?A.Anewfuel.B.Oilshortage.C.Transportation.12Howdothespeakersfeelaboutthenews?A.Annoyed.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.13Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Readingsomebooks.B.Doingsomeresearch.C.Walkingtothelibrary.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14Whatshouldpeopledoaccordingtotheman?A.Developanewfuel.B.Stopusingfossilfuels.C.Changethewayoflife.15Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sideaonreducingcars?A.Unrealistic.B.Brilliant.C.Stupid.16Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Giveupdriving.B.Purchaseanewcar.C.Reducetheuseofhiscar.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17WhatcanwelearnaboutRASummerExhibition?A.Itsexhibitsarechosenbyexperts.B.Morethan250workswillbeonshow.C.Therewon’tbeanylargeworks.18Whoistheauthorofthefigurepaintings?A.AnthonyCaro.B.AlexKatz.C.RonArad.19WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutPompeii?A.ItwaslostinAD79.B.ItusedtobeinnorthernItaly.C.Itwasrediscoveredintheyear1700.20Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducesomeartworksforsale.BToshowthedailylifeofItalians.C.ToremendsomegreatexhibitionsinLondon.第二部分閱讀（共兩節）第一節（共15小題）（每題2.5分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATherehavebeenmanygreatpaintersintherichhistoryofChineseart.HerearefourofthegreatestpaintersfromChina.WuGuanzhongWidelyconsideredasthefounderofmodernChinesepainting,WuGuanzhonghaspaintedvariousaspectsofChina,likeitsarchitecture,plants,animals,peopleandlandscapes.WuwasinfluencedbyPostImpressionistartandwentontobineWesternandChinesestylestocreateauniqueformofmodernart.In1992,hebecamethefirstlivingChineseartistwhoseworkwasexhibitedattheBritishMuseum.QiBaishiOneofthegreatestcontemporaryChinesepainters,QiBaishiisknownfornotbeinginfluencedbyWesternstyleslikemostofthepaintersofhistime.HecanbeconsideredasthelastgreattraditionalpainterofChina.QiBaishipaintedalmosteverythingfrominsectstolandscapes.HeisregardedhighlyinChineseartforthefreshnessandspontaneity(自然)thathebroughttothefamiliartypesofinsects,birdsandflowers.LiChengLiChengcontributedgreatlytooneofthegoldenagesoflandscapepaintingsinworldhistory.Duringhistime,hewasconsideredthebestlandscapepainterever.Heisrememberedespeciallyforthewinterlandscapeshecreatedandforsimplepositionoftall,oldevergreenssetagainstadrylandscape.Severalofhispaintingsareindiluted(稀釋的)inkwhichgivesthemafoggyappearance.FanKuanFanKuanbeganhiscareerbymodellinghisworksonthoseofLiChengbutlatercreatedhisownstyleclaimingthattheonlytrueteacherwasnature.HisfinestworkTravellersAmongMountainsandStreamsisamasterpieceoflandscapepaintingandmanyfutureartiststurnedtoitforinspiration.1.WhatisonefeatureofWuGuanzhong’spaintings?A.Theyhavefoggyappearances. B.Theylackdiversityinthetheme.C.TheyeunderWesterninfluence. D.Theyshowfewtraditionalpaintingskills.2.Whobroughtanewfeeltoinsectpainting?A.WuGuanzhong. B.QiBaishi. C.LiCheng. D.FanKuan.3.WhatdidthefourChinesepaintershaveinmon?A.Theycreatedlandscapepaintings. B.Theywereproductivepainters.C.TheywereinfluencedbyWesternart. D.TheywerepioneersinChinesearthistory.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四位偉大的中國畫家。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據WuGuanzhong部分的“WuwasinfluencedbyPostImpressionistartandwentontobineWesternandChinesestylestocreateauniqueformofmodernart.(吳受到后印象派藝術的影響，并繼續將西方和中國風格結合起來，創造了一種獨特的現代藝術形式。)”可知，吳冠中受西方后印象派藝術的影響，因此在他的作品中可能會有西方藝術的痕跡。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據QiBaishi部分的“HeisregardedhighlyinChineseartforthefreshnessandspontaneity(自然)thathebroughttothefamiliartypesofinsects,birdsandflowers.(他在中國藝術界享有很高的聲譽，因為他給人們熟悉的昆蟲、鳥類和花卉帶來了新鮮和自然。)”可知，齊白石給傳統的花鳥蟲草繪畫風格帶來了新鮮自然的感覺，故選B。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據WuGuanzhong部分“WidelyconsideredasthefounderofmodernChinesepainting,WuGuanzhonghaspaintedvariousaspectsofChina,likeitsarchitecture,plants,animals,peopleandlandscapes.(吳冠中被廣泛認為是現代中國畫的創始人，他畫過中國的各個方面，比如建筑、植物、動物、人物和風景。)”，QiBaishi部分“QiBaishipaintedalmosteverythingfrominsectstolandscapes.(齊白石幾乎什么都畫，從昆蟲到風景。)”，LiCheng部分的“LiChengcontributedgreatlytooneofthegoldenagesoflandscapepaintingsinworldhistory.(李成為世界歷史上山水畫的時代之一做出了巨大貢獻。)”和FanKuan部分“HisfinestworkTravellersAmongMountainsandStreamsisamasterpieceoflandscapepaintingandmanyfutureartiststurnedtoitforinspiration.(他最優秀的作品《溪山行旅圖》是山水畫的杰作，許多未來的藝術家都從這幅畫中獲得靈感。)”可知，這四位中國畫家的共同之處是都創作了風景畫。故選A。BIntheUS,tornadoesareresponsibleformanydeathsandinjurieseachyear.Althoughtheyoccurquitefrequently,tornadoesaredifficulttopredict.Why?Tornadoesdevelopfromstorms,butonlysomestormsarelikelytobeetornadoes.Scientistsdon’tknowwhereandwhenastormwilltouchthegroundandturnintoatornado.Today,thewarningtimeforatornadoisusuallyjust13minutes.TimSamarasisastormchaser(追隨者).Hisjobistofindtornadoesandfollowthem.Whenhegetsclosetoatornado,heputsaspecialtoolcalledaturtleprobeontheground.Thistoolmeasuresthingslikeatornado’stemperature,humidity(濕度),andwindIspeed.Withthisinformation,Samarascanlearnwhatcausestornadoestodevelop.Ifmeteorologists(氣象學家)understandthis,theycanwarnpeopleabouttornadoessoonerandsavelives.HowdoesSamarashunttornadoes?It’snoteasy.First,hehastofindone.Tornadoesaretosmalltoseeusingweathersatellites.SoSamarascan’trelyonthesetoolstofindatornado.Insteadhewaitsfortornadoestodevelop.EveryMayandJune,Samarasdrivesabout40,000kilometresacrossanareaknownasTornadoAlley,lookingandhopingtospotatornado.OnceSamarasseesatornado,thechasebegins.Butatornadoishardtofollow.Sometornadoeschangedirectionseveraltimesforexample,movingeastandthenwestandtheneastagain.WhenSamarasfinallygetsnearatornado,heputstheturtleprobeontheground.Beingthisclosetoatornadoisterrifying.Debris(碎片)isflyingintheair.Thenwindisblowingathighspeed.Hemustgetawayquickly.Theworkisrisky,evenforaskilledchaserlikeSamaras.Butdangerwon’tstophishuntfortheperfectstorm.4.Whatdoweknowabouttornadoesfromthetext?A.Theyarenotamonoccurrence. B.Theyusuallytouchdowninthesouth.C.Thewarningtimeforthemisveryshort. D.Theyoftendevelopintostorms.5.Whatisaturtleprobeusedtodo?A.Predicttornadoes. B.Collectinformationabouttornadoes.C.Chasetornadoes. D.Decreasethepoweroftornadoes.6.HowdoesSamarasfindatornado?A.Byusingaturtleprobe. B.Byusingweathersatellites.C.BysearchingalongTornadoValley. D.Byobservingtemperaturechanges.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthejobofatornadochaser?A.Itisdifficultanddangerous. B.Itisstressfulandtroublesome.C.Itismysteriousandinteresting. D.Itisexcitingandpopular.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一位龍卷風追逐者的工作。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Today,thewarningtimeforatornadoisusuallyjust13minutes.(今天，龍卷風的預警時間通常只有13分鐘。)”可知，對龍卷風的警告時間很短。故選C。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Whenhegetsclosetoatornado,heputsaspecialtoolcalledaturtleprobeontheground.Thistoolmeasuresthingslikeatornado’stemperature,humidity(濕度),andwindIspeed.(當他接近龍卷風時，他會把一種叫做海龜探針的特殊工具放在地上。這個工具可以測量龍卷風的溫度、濕度和風速。)”可知，“烏龜探測器”可以被用來收集龍卷風的信息。故選B。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Insteadhewaitsfortornadoestodevelop.EveryMayandJune,Samarasdrivesabout40,000kilometresacrossanareaknownasTornadoAlley,lookingandhopingtospotatornado.(相反，他等待龍卷風的形成。每年五月和六月，Samaras駕駛約4萬公里，穿越一個被稱為“龍卷風走廊”的地區，尋找并希望能發現龍卷風。)”可知，Samaras通過沿著龍卷風谷搜索來發現龍卷風，故選C。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Butatornadoishardtofollow.(但龍卷風很難追蹤。)”和最后一段“Theworkisrisky,evenforaskilledchaserlikeSamaras.Butdangerwon’tstophishuntfortheperfectstorm.(這項工作即使對像Samaras這樣技術嫻熟的追風者來說也是危險的。但危險并不會阻止他追尋那場完美的風暴。)”可知，龍卷風追逐者的工作既困難又危險。故選A。CTheGreatSphinxofGiza,Egypt,isoneofcivilisation’sgreatestmysteries.Nooneknowsforsureexactlywhen,why,orhowitwasbuilt.Itisanenormoussculpture,believedtobethebiggestevercreated.Itmeasuresabout241feet(73.5metres)longand66feet(20metres)high.Duetoitsunknownorigin,thismassivecreationhaspuzzledlocals,tourists,historians,andarchaeologistsforcenturies.TheSphinxhasthebodyofalionandtheheadofaman,whichgivesittheappearanceofamythicalcreature.Itremainsmostlyintacttoday,withtheexceptionofitsnose.Manylegendssurroundthemissingnose,butawidelyacceptedexplanationisthataformerrulerhadthenosecarvedoffatsomepointafteritscreation.MostarchaeologistsbelievethattheSphinxwasbuiltabout4,600yearsagobyapharaoh(法老),orruler,namedKhafre.Hispyramid,thegianttombthatholdsKhafre’sbody,islocateddirectlybehindtheSphinx.StoneblockscutoutinordertocarvetheSphinx’sfacewereusedtobuildtheKhafreValleyTempleataboutthesametime.SomehistoriansalsobelievetheSphinx’sfacewasmodelledafterthefaceofKhafre.Formostofitsexistence,theSphinxwasburiedinsand.Onestoryclaimsthataround1400BC,thepharaohThutmoseIVdreamtthattheSphinxorderedhimtoclearawaythesandinreturnforthecrown(王位)ofEgypt.ThesandsoonburiedtheSphinxagain,however.Inthe1850s,thesandwaspartiallycleared,andinthe1930s,theSphinxwastotallyexposed.Now,wind,humidity,andsmogarecausingtheSphinxtocrumble(碎裂).ArchaeologistsmustactquicklytopreservethismysterioussymbolofEgypt.8.WhyistheSphinxconsideredtobemysterious?A.Peopleknowlittleaboutit. B.Windandsmogdidn’tbreakitdown.C.Itisthebiggestsculptureevermade. D.Itwasburiedinthesandforcenturies.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intact”inparagraph2mean?A.plete. B.Sensitive. C.Mysterious. D.Confusing.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThehistoryofKhafre’sfamoustomb.B.DocumentsrecordingKhafre’srulingofEgypt.C.Khafre’sgreatachievementinbuildingtheSphinx.D.EvidencesupportingKhafre’sbuildingoftheSphinx.11.Whatdoestheauthorcallonarchaeologiststodo?A.DigouttheSphinxpletely. B.TakeactiontoprotecttheSphinx.C.FurtherunderstandthesymbolofEgypt. D.RestoretheSphinxtoattractmorepeople.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了埃及獅身人面像，包括其外觀、建造歷史、傳說以及現狀。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Nooneknowsforsureexactlywhen,why,orhowitwasbuilt.(沒有人確切知道它建造的時間、原因和方式。)”可知，獅身人面像的神秘性源于人們對它的起源和建造細節知之甚少。故選A項。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第二段“Itremainsmostlyintacttoday,withtheexceptionofitsnose.Manylegendssurroundthemissingnose(如今它大部分保持……，除了鼻子部分。圍繞這只失蹤的鼻子有許多傳說)”可知，獅身人面像的鼻子失蹤了，再根據“withtheexceptionof(除外)”可推理出，此處說的是指獅身人面像主體結構未被破壞，可推理出“intact”的含義為“完整的”。故選A項。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段“MostarchaeologistsbelievethattheSphinxwasbuiltabout4,600yearsagobyapharaohnamedKhafre.(大多數考古學家認為獅身人面像是法老Khafre建造的)”以及“StoneblockscutoutinordertocarvetheSphinx’sfacewereusedtobuildtheKhafreValleyTempleataboutthesametime.SomehistoriansalsobelievetheSphinx’sfacewasmodelledafterthefaceofKhafre(為了雕刻獅身人面像的面部而切割下來的石塊，大約在同一時間被用來建造了卡夫拉河谷神廟。一些歷史學家還認為，獅身人面像的面部是按照卡夫拉的面貌塑造的)”可知，大多數考古學家認為獅身人面像是法老Khafre建造的，為了雕刻獅身人面像的面部而切割下來的石塊，大約在同一時間被用來建造了卡夫拉河谷神廟，可推理出本段重點在于提供Khafre建造獅身人面像的證據。故選D項。【11題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Now,wind,humidity,andsmogarecausingtheSphinxtocrumble.ArchaeologistsmustactquicklytopreservethismysterioussymbolofEgypt(如今風、濕度和煙霧導致獅身人面像碎裂，考古學家必須迅速行動保護這一埃及的象征)”可知，作者呼吁考古學家采取保護措施。故選B項。DWeknowthatourpetdogsandcatscanrecogniseourfaces,butourpetfish?AteamofscientistsfromBritainandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfish(噴水魚)candistinguishhumanfaces!Thismarksthefirsttimethataspeciesoffishhasshownsuchanability.Suchabilitieshavebeenpreviouslyshowninbirds,butunlikefish,theyhavebeenproventohavestructuressimilartotheneocortex(大腦新皮層),theresearchersadded.“Beingabletodistinguishbetweenalargenumberofhumanfacesisasurprisinglydifficulttask,”DrNewportsaid,“mainlyduetothefactthatallhumanfacessharethesamebasicfeatures.”Duringtheirexperiments,DrNewportandhercoworkerspresentedarcherfishwithtwoimagesofhumanfaces,andtrainedthemtochooseonebyspittingjets(噴射流)ofwateratthatpicture.Next,thefishwerepresentedwiththefamiliarfaceandseveralthatwereunfamiliar,andwereabletocorrectlypicktheonethattheyhadbeentrainedtorecognise,evenwhenfeaturessuchasheadshapeandcolourwereremovedfromtheselectedpictures.Inthefirstexperiment,thearcherfishweretaskedwithpickingthepreviouslylearntfacefromagroupof44newones,whichtheydidwith81%accuracy.Inthesecond,theresearchersdecidedtomakethingsalittleharder.Theytookthepicturesandmadethemblackandwhiteandevenedouttheheadshapes.Youwouldthinkthatwouldshockthefish.Butno,theywereabletopickthefamiliarfaceeventhenandwithmoreaccuracy:86%!“Fishhaveasimplerbrainthanhumansandentirelylackthesectionofthebrainthathumansuseforrecognisingfaces.Despitethis,fishmaystillbecapableoffindingthefacetheyaretrainedtorecognise,”DrNewportsaid.“Thefactthatarcherfishcanlearnthistasksuggeststhatplexbrainsarenotnecessarilyneededtorecognisehumanfaces.”12.Whatdidthescientiststrainarcherfishtodointheexperiments?A.municatewithhumans. B.Distinguishdifferentcolours.C.Spitwateronafamiliarface. D.Ignorehumanfacialfeatures.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“evenedout”inparagraph5?A.normalised B.standardised C.plicated D.clarified14.Whatdoestheresearchshow?A.Archerfishareclevererthanotherfishes.B.Allfishescanbetrainedtorecognisehumanfaces.C.plexbrainsarenotnecessaryforfacialrecognition.DItisverydifficultforanimalstorecognisehumanfaces.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Amedicalreport. C.AnanimalTVprogramme. D.Asciencemagazine.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。研究人員通過實驗證明，腦部結構簡單的噴水魚可以識別人臉。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Duringtheirexperiments,DrNewportandhercoworkerspresentedarcherfishwithtwoimagesofhumanfaces,andtrainedthemtochooseonebyspittingjets(噴射流)ofwateratthatpicture.(在實驗中，Newport博士和她的同事們向噴水魚展示了兩張人臉圖像，并訓練它們通過向這張照片噴水來選擇其中一張)”可知，研究人員訓練噴水魚往熟悉的人臉圖片上噴水，故選C。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。文章第四段簡要介紹了實驗內容和結果，先是讓噴水魚識別人臉的圖片，然后當把圖片中的頭形和顏色都去除（evenwhenfeaturessuchasheadshapeandcolourwereremovedfromtheselectedpictures(即使從所選圖片中刪除了諸如頭形和顏色等特征)）之后，噴水魚也能識別出選定的人臉。第五段介紹的是具體的實驗數據，畫線短語所在句“Theytookthepicturesandmadethemblackandwhiteandevenedouttheheadshapes.”對應的是第四段中把圖片中的頭形和顏色都去除的情況，故可推斷，evenedout的意思與removed相關，即都去除了頭形因素，即頭形變成一樣的了，B項standardised與該義最接近。故選B。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章最后一段“‘Thefactthatarcherfishcanlearnthistasksuggeststhatplexbrainsarenotnecessarilyneededtorecognisehumanfaces.’(‘射水魚能夠學會這項任務的事實表明，識別人臉并不一定需要復雜的大腦。’)”可知，該研究表明，復雜的大腦并不是面部識別所必需的。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據全文內容，結合第一段中“AteamofscientistsfromBritainandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfish(噴水魚)candistinguishhumanfaces!(來自英國和澳大利亞的一組科學家發現，噴水魚可以分辨人臉！)”可知，文主要講科學家們經過實驗，發現噴水魚可以識別人臉，這是一項科學新發現，所以最有可能出現在一本科學雜志上。故選D。第二節（共5小題）（每題2.5分，共12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。GoinggreenwhiletravellingisaneffectivewaytoprotecttheEarth’snaturalandculturalresources.Itisalsoagreatwaytoestablishdeeperconnectionswithlocalmunitiesandtheenvironment.Tobeeagreensustainabletraveller,youcanfollowthesesimplesteps:TravellocalIfavacationiswhatyouneed,trychoosingnearbydestinationsandstayinglocal.____16____Thisway,yougettosaveontimeandmoneyandavoidairtravel,whichhelpsreducegreenhousegasemissions.ShopandeatlocalAvoideatingatmultinationalchainrestaurantsorshoppinginlargesupermarketsandbrandstores.____17____Thisway,you’rehelpingkeeppeopleemployedandpreventingtransportationacrossfardistances.Choosegreenacmodation____18____Toensurethis,youmayneedtofindanswerstoquestionslikeifthehoteliscertified,oriftheyhaveasustainabilityreport,orwhattheirwastemanagementprotocol(方案)andplasticpolicylookslike,oriftheirproductsandmenusarelocallysourced,andsoon.UsesustainabletransportFlyingcanseemeasyandattractive,butit’sespeciallyharmfultotheenvironment.Ifyourdestinationcanbereachedbytrain,consideroptingforit.____19____It’salsoadvisabletousepublictransportinsteadofcarswhichburnthroughdoubletheamountoffuel.Ifyouhavenooptionbuttofly,considerbookingnonstopflightsinsteadofhavinglayovers(轉機).Gopaperless____20____Thispreventstravellersfromprintingboardingpasses,hotelreservations,andentrytickets.Bygoingpaperless,younotonlyhelptheenvironmentbutalsoavoidlosingticketsandenjoyeasyaccesstothematthesametime.A.Alotofattractionsacceptmobiletickets.B.Alwaysswitchoflightsbeforeleavingyourroom.C.Slowtravelisasmartandresponsiblewaytotravel.D.Surpriseyourselfbydiscoveringtheclosebyattractions.E.Whileexploringcities,cyclingandwalkingareremended.F.Onvacations,choosesustainablehotelsthatemploygreenpracticesG.Instead,choosesmallbusinessestohelpstimulatethelocaleconomy.【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.E20.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些在旅行中采取環保措施成為綠色可持續旅行者的簡單步驟。【16題詳解】根據上文“Ifavacationiswhatyouneed,trychoosingnearbydestinationsandstayinglocal.(如果你需要度假，試著選擇附近的目的地并在當地住宿)”可知，此處建議度假時應選擇附近的目的地，D選項（通過發現附近的景點來讓自己感到驚訝）”承接上文內容，且D選項中“closebyattractions”與上文“nearbydestinations”相呼應。故選D。【17題詳解】根據上文“Avoideatingatmultinationalchainrestaurantsorshoppinginlargesupermarketsandbrandstores.(避免在跨國連鎖餐廳吃飯或在大型超市和品牌店購物)”可知，此處建議避免在跨國連鎖餐廳和品牌店消費，G選項（相反，選擇小企業來幫助刺激當地經濟。）提出相反的做法，并且G中“Instead”承接上文，表示轉折，提出解決方式，即“選擇小企業來幫助刺激當地經濟”，符合語境。故選G。【18題詳解】根據本段小標題“Choosegreenacmodation(選擇綠色住宿)”可知，本段主要講的是選擇綠色住宿，F選項（在度假時，選擇采用綠色做法的可持續酒店）符合本段主題，且F選項中“sustainablehotels”對應上文的“greenacmodation”。故選F。19題詳解】根據上文“Ifyourdestinationcanbereachedbytrain,consideroptingforit.(如果你的目的地可以乘火車到達，考慮選擇火車)”可知，此處建議如果目的地可以乘火車到達就選擇火車，E選項（在探索城市時，建議騎自行車和步行。）與上文并列，給出在城市里探索時其他的環保出行方式，符合語境。故選E。【20題詳解】根據本段小標題“Gopaperless(無紙化)”可知，本段主要講的是無紙化，下文“Thispreventstravellersfromprintingboardingpasses,hotelreservations,andentrytickets.Bygoingpaperless,younotonlyhelptheenvironmentbutalsoavoidlosingticketsandenjoyeasyaccesstothematthesametime.(這可以防止旅客打印登機牌、酒店預訂和入場券。通過實現無紙化，您不僅可以保護環境，還可以避免丟失門票，同時可以輕松獲取門票。)”進一步詳細描述“無紙化”的諸多好處，A選項（很多景點接受電子門票）符合本段主題，且引出下文對“無紙化”的好處的說明。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節）第一節（共15小題）（每題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。InthecityIlivein,wehavealocalnationalparkfulloftrees.OnedayIwaslookingaroundandclimbingbyatrack,whenIsawabeautifultarantula(狼蛛)crossingapath.Ijuststoppedanddecidedto____21____carefullyitswalkingnature.Behindmetherewasafamilygoingupthesametrack.Andtheyalso____22____thetarantula.Withoutdoubtingit,akidshouted,“Quickly,Dad,killit.”Hisbrotheralsosaidthat,____23____theirdadtokillthetarantula.ThenI____24____theirdad,saying,“Wait.Thisisthelastplacethatthetarantulahastolivein.Doyou____25____wanttokillit?”“Well,it’s____26____andweallhavekidshere.”“Whynotstandstillandletitcrosssafely?Thenyoucangoupand____27____therestoftheforest.”Aftersome____28____,theyagreedtostandstillandwatch.Soon,thetarantulacrossedandhidintothebushesandrocks.Isharedthatsometimeswegetinto____29____butweneedtokeepcalmand____30____ourpointofview.____31____wearekindtoasmallcreature,thenwecanstarttobekindtobiggerones.Theirdad____32____meandsharedhisopinionsabouttheabovementionedexperience.Hesaid,“You’reright.Iwasabouttomakea____33____.”Thechildrenevensaidgoodbyetothetarantulaandthey____34____somethingtoo.Iremainedthere,watchingthefamilypasswitha____35____viewpointoflife.21.A.describe B.examine C.picture D.watch22.A.expected B.knew C.noticed D.checked23.A.encouraging B.teaching C.forcing D.reminding24.A.questioned B.ordered C.suggested D.stopped25.A.actually B.simply C.really D.always26.A.dangerous B.dirty C.ugly D.powerful27.A.show B.admire C.follow D.protect28.A.decisions B.preparations C.discussions D.processes29.A.pleasure B.regret C.excitement D.fear30.A.change B.improve C.make D.express31.A.Before B.If C.Though D.Unless32.A.promised B.ignored C.greeted D.thanked33.A.joke B.difference C.mistake D.plan34.A.lost B.learnt C.felt D.won35.A.new B.prehensive C.realistic D.perfect【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在國家公園偶遇一只狼蛛，并成功阻止了一位父親傷害狼蛛的故事。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是停下來，決定仔細觀察它的行走習性。A.describe描述；B.examine檢查；C.picture想象；D.watch觀察。根據前文的“Ijuststoppedanddecidedto”以及后文的“itswalkingnature”可知，作者停下來是為了觀察狼蛛的行走習性。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們也都注意到了狼蛛。A.expected期待；B.knew知道；C.noticed注意到；D.checked檢查。根據空前的“also”以及后文的“akidshouted,‘Quickly,Dad,killit.’”可知，孩子們大喊讓爸爸殺死狼蛛，說明他們也注意到了狼蛛。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的哥哥也這么說，鼓勵爸爸殺死狼蛛。A.encouraging鼓勵；B.teaching教；C.forcing強迫；D.reminding提醒。根據前文的“akidshouted,‘Quickly,Dad,killit.’”和后文的“theirdadtokillthetarantula”可知，孩子們都想要爸爸殺死狼蛛，所以此處表示鼓勵爸爸。故選A項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我阻止了他們的爸爸，說：“等等。這是狼蛛居住的最后一個地方。你真的想要殺死它嗎？”A.questioned質疑；B.ordered命令；C.suggested建議；D.stopped阻止。根據后文作者的話“Wait.Thisisthelastplacethatthetarantulahastolivein.Doyou__5__wanttokillit?”可知，作者阻止了想要殺死狼蛛的爸爸。故選D項。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我阻止了他們的爸爸，說：“等等。這是狼蛛居住的最后一個地方。你真的想要殺死它嗎？”A.actually實際上；B.simply簡單地；C.really真正地；D.always總是。根據前文的作者的話“Wait.Thisisthelastplacethatthetarantulahastolivein.”可知，作者想要爸爸考慮一下狼蛛的生存環境，詢問爸爸是否真的想要殺死它。故選C項。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這很危險，我們都有孩子在這里。”A.dangerous危險的；B.dirty臟的；C.ugly丑陋的；D.powerful強大的。根據后文的“weallhavekidshere”可知，爸爸認為狼蛛是危險的，因為孩子們都在這里。故選A項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“為什么不站著不動，讓它安全地通過呢？然后你可以繼續上山欣賞森林的其余部分。”A.show展示；B.admire欣賞；C.follow跟隨；D.protect保護。根據前文的“Whynotstandstillandletitcrosssafely?”以及后文的“therestoftheforest.”可知，作者建議爸爸讓狼蛛安全通過后再繼續上山欣賞森林的其余部分。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經過一些討論后，他們同意站著不動觀看。A.decisions決定；B.preparations準備；C.discussions討論；D.processes過程。根據前文的“WaitThisisthelastplacethatthetarantulahastolivein.Doyoureallywanttokillit?”和后文的“theyagreedtostandstillandwatch”可知，經過一些討論后，爸爸同意作者的建議。故選C項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我分享說，有時我們會感到害怕，但我們需要保持冷靜，改變我們觀點。A.pleasure快樂；B.regret后悔；C.excitement興奮；D.fear害怕。根據后文的“butweneedtokeepcalm”可知，作者認為人們在面對某些事物時會感到害怕，但需要保持冷靜。故選D項。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我分享說，有時我們會感到害怕，但我們需要保持冷靜，改變我們的觀點。A.change改變；B.improve提高；C.make制作；D.express表達。根據前文的“butweneedtokeepcalm”以及后文的“ourpointofview”可知，作者認為我們需要保持冷靜，改變自己的觀點來看待事物。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們善待一個小生物，那么我們就可以開始善待更大的生物。A.Before在……之前；B.If如果；C.Though盡管；D.Unless除非。根據后文“wearekindtoasmallcreature,thenwecanstarttobekindtobiggerones.”可知，此處表示假設關系，即如果我們善待小生物，就可以善待更大的生物。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的爸爸感謝我，并分享了他對上述經歷的看法。A.promised承諾；B.ignored忽視；C.greeted問候；D.thanked感謝。根據后文的“meandsharedhisopinionsabouttheabovementionedexperience”可知，爸爸感謝作者并與他分享了自己的看法。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“你說得對。我差點犯了個錯誤。”A.joke玩笑；B.difference不同；C.mistake錯誤；D.plan計劃。根據前文的“You’reright.”可知，爸爸認為作者說得對，說明他差點做出了錯誤的決定。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們甚至向狼蛛道別，他們也學到了一些東西。A.lost失去；B.learnt學到；C.felt感覺；D.won贏得。根據前文的“Theirdad

__12__(thanked)

meandsharedhisopinionsabouttheabovementionedexperience.”后文的“somethingtoo”可知，父親對于我的觀點贊同并感謝我，孩子們也學到了一些東西。故選B項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我留在那里，看著這一家人以一種新的生活觀點經過。A.new新的；B.prehensive全面的；C.realistic現實的；D.perfect完美的。根據前文的“sharedhisopinionsabouttheabovementionedexperience”和“Thechildrenevensaidgoodbyetothetarantula”可知，爸爸改變了自己的想法，孩子們也學到了東西，所以作者認為這一家人有了新的生活觀點。故選A項。第二節（共10小題）（每題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。HuangHeValleyisthebirthplaceofancientChinesecivilisation,andforthatreasonitisoftencalled“MotherRiver.”Thevalley____36____(surround)theimportantriverofnorthernChinaandisatthecentreofthousandsofyearsofChinesehistory.Over5,400kilometreslong,theHuangHeisChina’ssecondlongestriver.Ithasadrainagebasin(流域面積)ofaround750,000squarekilometres,thethird____37____(large)basinareainChina.ItisalsocalledtheYellowRiverbecauseitswaterscarrysilt(泥沙),whichgivestheriveritsyellowbrowncolour.Whiletheriverhelpscreaterichlandthatissuitableforfarming,duringcertaintimesoftheyeartheHuangHe____38____(frequent)overf