author:Miss.LiuUnit3Theworldofscience語法講練

現在完成時的被動語態【語法導圖】現在完成時的被動語態概述構成用法注意事項肯定式否定式一般疑問式特殊疑問式強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去,持續到現在,并可能一直持續下去只帶有一個賓語的動詞變為被動語態時,將主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語帶有雙賓語的動詞變為被動語態時,一般將間接賓語變為被動語態的主語。若將直接賓語變為被動語態的主語,間接賓語前面要用相應的介詞用于時間或條件狀語從句中一、概述Eg:Ourbedroomhasbeencleaned,soyouneedn’tcleanitagain.現在完成時的被動語態強調一個發生在過去的被動性動作,有兩層含義:①動作已完成,強調對現在造成的影響或結果;②主語與謂語動詞之間是邏輯上的動賓關系。我們的臥室已經被打掃過了,所以你不需要再打掃一遍了。Theseflowershavebeenwatered.Youcantakephotoswiththem.這些花已經澆過水了,你可以拍合照了。二、構成肯定式主語+have/hasbeendone...否定式主語+have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑問式Have/Has+主語+beendone...?特殊疑問式特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+beendone...?【即學即練】1.Papermoney____________(use)foroverathousandyears.2.--____________theletter____________(send)toMr.Black?--No.Itisstillonthedesk.3.Youcanseethehouse___________________(not,paint)foryears.4.--WhydoesMarylooksounhappy?--She__________________(laugh)atbyherclassmates.5.自1990年以來，這家工廠生產了多少輛汽車？Howmanycars_________________bythefactorysince1990?hasbeenusedHasbeensenthasnotbeenpaintedhasbeenlaughedhasbeenproduced1.現在完成時的被動語態同它的主動語態一樣,強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,通常與already,yet,just,never,recently等副詞連用。2.表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去,持續到現在,并可能一直持續下去,常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用,或用于howlong..?句型。Eg:Howlonghaveyoubeenemployedbythiscompany?你受雇于這家公司多久了?Thefinancialproblemhasbeendiscussedfornearly3hours.這個財政問題已經討論了接近3小時了。三、用法Eg:Youshouln’thavearestbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你完成作業之前,你不應該休息。3.用于時間或條件狀語從句中,表示將來的某個時間已經完成的動作,也就是用現在完成時的被動語態代替將來完成時的被動語態。常與現在完成時連用的時間狀語有:recently,lately,sincethen,eversince,bynow,foralongtime,ever,inrecentyears,yet,already,sofar等等。【點撥】四、注意事項1.只帶有一個賓語的動詞變為被動語態時,將主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。Eg:Hisbosshasalreadypunishedhim.→Hehasalreadybeenpunishedbyhisboss.他的老板已經懲罰了他。2.帶有雙賓語的動詞,比如give,bringtell,send,take,teach,show,make,sing,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass等,變為被動語態時,一般將間接賓語變為被動語態的主語。若將直接賓語變為被動語態的主語,間接賓語前面要用相應的介詞。Eg:Thecompanyhasgivenhimachancetoworkabroadrecently.→Hehasbeengivenachancetoworkabroadrecentlybythecompany./Achancetoworkabroadhasbeengiventohimrecently.最近公司給了他一次出國工作的機會。【即學即練】一、把下列句子轉為被動句。1.Ihaven’tfoundmyschoolbag.→__________________________________________.2.Hehassoldoutallhisbikesintheshop.→_____________________________________________________.3.Peoplehavecutdownmanybigtreesslongthestreamtobuildhouses.→______________________________________________________________________4.Theyhavespentlargequantitiesoffundsinbringingupthethreechildren.→______________________________________________________________________Myschoolbaghasn’tbeenfoundbymeAllhisbikesintheshophavebeensoldoutbyhimManybigtreesalongthestreamhavebeencutdownbypeopletobuildhouses.Largequantitiesoffundshavebeenspentbytheminbringingupthethreechildren.二、單句語法填空1.Overthepasttenyears,thistown_________________(hit)twicebyearthquakes.2.Theconstructionofthelaboratory_________________(complete)bytheendoflastyear.3.Theshopisreportedto___________________(break)intolastnightinthelocalnewspaper.4.Sincethecauseofthisdisease___________________(discover),nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.5.Agreatdealofmoney___________________(spend)insavingthelivesofthetrappedminerssincelastweek.hasbeenhithadbeencompletedhavebeenbrokenhasbeendiscoveredhasbeenspent6.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobsthey____________________(promise)beforeleavingtheirhometowns.7.Bynow516ConfuciusInstitutes___________________________(found)in142countriesandregions,accordingtotheConfuciusInstituteHeadquarters.8.Thesinger'smusicvideo___________________(view)nearly9milliontimessinceitwaspostedontheInternetfourweeksago.9.Shehasachievedsuccessinwriting,andhascompletedalargenumberofworks,whichoom____________________(translate)intofortylanguagessofar.10.Inthelastfewmonths,Kenny_______________(fine)morethan1,000dollarsforsellingillegaldrugs.havebeenpromisedhavebeenfoundedhasbeenviewedhavebeentranslatedhasbeenfined二.語法與寫作1.我想買那種布,因為有人告訴我那種布很耐洗。IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI___________________________________.2.你的任務一完成,你就可以回家了。Youcangohomeassoonasyourtask________________________.3.當你把試卷拿回來的時候,要特別注意被標記的內容。Whenyougetthepaperback,payspecialattentionto_____________________________.4.有多少次你被告知不要玩火? Howmanytimes________________________________fire? 5.在過去的幾年里,世界各地已經制作了數千部電影。

Inthelastfewyears,________________________________________allovertheworld.havebeentoldtheclothwasheswellhasbeenfinishedwhathasbeenmarkedhaveyoubeentoldnottoplaywiththousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced三.語法與語篇用所給詞的適當形式完成下面短文Theworld1_______________(turn)upsidedownsincetheinventionoftheInternetandtheintroductionofpersonalcomputers.ThetwininventionsofthepersonalcomputerandtheInternet2__________________(consider)tobeamongthetwomostimportanteventsofthelastcentury.Shopping3__________________(change)completelybynow.Moreandmorepeopleorderthingsfromclothestotoysandtofoodsonlineandhavethemdelivereddirectlytotheirhomes.Inaddition,soc