Unit4HistoryandTraditionsDiscoveringusefulstructure

過去分詞作定語和賓語補足語PastParticipleasAttribute&theObjectComplement定語定語賓語補足語V-ed(動詞的過去分詞),在句中可以作定語、賓語補足語。

過去分詞的2大用法注意過去分詞作定語的位置acloseddoorabrokenwindowapollutedriver

alightedcandle一支點燃的蠟燭ausedstamp一枚用過的郵票一個醉鬼adrunken/drunkmantiredorganizeddressed單個的過去分詞作定語,常前置過去分詞作定語的位置過去分詞短語作定語,常后置,可與定從換注意事項：①修飾詞是復合單詞(指示代詞),單個過去分詞也后置；②left,gained,concerned,questioned習慣后置,表強調；③復合形容詞可前置:anewly-builthouse過去分詞作定語的意義請判斷下列句中加黑部分屬于哪種情況1.Ontheotherhand,Ihopetobroadenmyhorizonsinthisdevelopedcountry_____

2.IfoundithardtounderstandtheEnglishspokenbythenativevillagers.______

3.Itcarriesarticleswrittenbyforeignfriendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.______A.只表被動B.只表完成C.既表被動又表完成BAC及物動詞；這個動作不可能做完不及物動詞；這個動作沒有被動，如fallenleaves“落葉”;retiredworkers“退休工人”;therisensun“升起的太陽”及物動詞；這個動作被做并且已經完成，如built1.Thetrees_______inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown2.Thewitnesses_____bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.A.questionedB.beingquestionedC.tobequestionedD.havingquestioned動詞-ing形式作定語時與所修飾的名詞之間是主謂關系,表示動作正在進行;而過去分詞作定語時,則表示被動或完成意義；動詞不定式作定語時,表示動作尚未發生。Thegirl(2)

(stand)underthetreeisreallycharming.站在樹下的那個女孩子真的很迷人。

MrSmith,(3)

(tire)oftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.史密斯先生厭倦了無聊的演講,開始看起了小說。

Asastudent,Lizhasmanysubjects___________.(learn)tiredstanding過去分詞、動詞-ing形式與todo動詞不定式作定語時的區別tolearn【變式訓練】(1)Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthe

.

政府決定重新修建那座被損毀的大橋。

(2)What'sthelanguage

?

在德國,人們講什么語言?(3)Heisfondof

byyourmother.

他很喜歡你媽媽做的食物。

(4)Whatdoyouthinkofthemeeting

?

你覺得昨天召開的會議怎么樣?damagedbridgespokeninGermanythefoodcookedheldyesterday過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法

賓語補足語指在英語中有些及物動詞，接了賓語意義仍不完整，還需要有一個其他的句子成分，來補充說明賓語的意義、狀態等，簡稱賓補。賓語補足語常由名詞、形容詞、不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介賓短語等充當。1.Theymanagedtomakethemselves______________(understand)inverysimpleEnglish.2.Thevillagershadmanytrees____________(plant)justthen.3.Shehadherwallet___________(steal)yesterday.4.Theykeptthedoor____________(lock)foralongtime.5.Don’tleavesuchanimportantthing______________(finish).1.用在使役動詞：make，get，have，keep，leave等后面過去分詞短語做賓補：have...doneunderstoodplantedstolenlockedunfinished表狀態

“致使”

1.Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoor___________(lock).2.Wecanhearthewindows__________(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.3.Peoplefoundthegirl___________(drown)inthesea．4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee___________(carry)outthenextyear.5.Shefeltagreatweight___________(take)offhermind．2.用在感官動詞watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find,observe后面

find...donelockedbeatendrownedcarriedtaken3.用在表“希望、愿望、愛憎”的動詞want,wish,like,wouldlike,expect，hate后面want...done1.Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblem_____________(discuss).2.Iwishtheseveredisease___________(cure)soon.3.Iexpectmynewhouse___________(paint)lightblue．4.Studentswantthewinterbreak_____________(continue)．discussedcuredpaintedcontinued4.用在with/without復合結構中，常作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。

with...done1.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands______(tie)behindhisback.2.Withmanybrightly-coloredflowers__________(plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.3.Witheverythingwell___________(arrange),helefttheoffice.4.Withallthethingssheneeded_________(buy),shewenthomehappily.5.Withoutanything_______(leave)inthecupboard,shewenttothesupermarkettobuysome.tiedplantedarrangedboughtleftLochNess第一步：找到定語從句；第二步：去掉主語和謂語；第三步：檢查：一個句子只有一個謂語動詞。

道不遠人，人無異國。Greatdistancecannotseparateus;Weallliveinaunitedworld.——新羅旅唐學者崔致遠1.翻譯下列短語pollutedrivers

受污染的河流anhonoredguest

貴賓cookedfood

熟食boiledwater

白開水friedeggs

煎雞蛋aforcedsmile勉強的微笑fallenleaves

落葉fadedflowers

凋零的花therisensun

升起的太陽aretiredteacher

退休的教師areturnedstudent

歸國留學生anescapedprisoner

逃犯（2019天津卷）Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially

(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.

大多數大學都為大一學生開設一門專門設計的課程，來幫助他們在學業和個性方面取得成功。2.（2019北京卷）Earthday,

(mark)on22Aprilisanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.

地球日于4月22日舉行，是一項旨在提高公眾環保意識的年度活動。designedmarkedIfyouwanttobeaninventor,youmusthaveaplan_________(design)tosolveaparticularproblem.Thisisnotaseasyasitsounds.Manyideas,____________(develop)afterweeksofresearch,maynotprovesuccessful.Manyunsuccessfulapproachesare

(reject),andonlythemostcreativeandsuccessfulonesare

(welcome).Eachidea

(test)byyouwillneedtobe

(improve)untilitleadsyouclosertoa