Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版_第1頁
Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版_第2頁
Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版_第3頁
Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版_第4頁
Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩39頁未讀, 繼續免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領

文檔簡介

UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUESReadanddiscussthefunctionsandmeaningsofthe-ingform.Conclusion:現在分詞(v-ing)作狀語,其動作發出者是主句的_____,呈___(主/被)動關系。一般置于_____或______?,F在分詞(v-ing)作賓語補足語,常放在賓語后面,對賓語進行補充說明表示一個____________________的動作,強調一個過程或一種狀態。句首句尾主語主正在進行的主動性

一、現在分詞作狀語

The–ingformastheAttributive

狀語定義:

狀語(adv.)就是在一個句子中用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或整個句子的成分.用作狀語的通常是副詞,介詞短語,不定式,現在分詞,過去分詞和從句。

通常來說狀語就是為了說明一個動作/事情發生的時間,地點,目的,方式,原因、條件、結果、讓步等等。

所以,通常就會出現我們所說的時間狀語,地點狀語,原因狀語,條件狀語從句等等。IfoughtwithPeterfiercely

thismorning

intheclassroom

becausehecalledmeanidiot.1.現在分詞作時間狀語現在分詞作時間狀語時,相當于時間狀語從句。可在現在分詞前加連詞“when,while,until”等,使其時間意義更明確。Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.=When/while(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.2.現在分詞作原因狀語現在分詞作原因狀語時,可轉換為由since,because或as引導的原因狀語從句,這類狀語多放在句子的前半部分。Beingill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.=As/Because/Sincehewasill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.3.

現在分詞作條件狀語現在分詞作條件狀語時,可轉換為if,once或unless等引導的條件狀語從句。

Workinghard,you'llmakegreatprogress.=Ifyouworkhard,you'llmakegreatprogress.4.現在分詞作讓步狀語現在分詞作讓步狀語時,相當于一個以though/although/evenif/eventhough引導的讓步狀語從句。盡管被告知了很多次,但他還是犯了同樣的錯。Havingbeentoldsomanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistakes.=Although/Thoughhehadbeentoldsomanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistakes.5.現在分詞作結果狀語

表示自然而然的,意料之中的結果,通常放在句末。有時為了突出結果,現在分詞前可加thus,相當于so或sothat引導的結果狀語從句。Hewascaughtintheheavyrain,thus

makinghimselfcatchacold.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.

注意:不定式作結果狀語時,常與only,never連用,表示一種出乎意料的結果。Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.6.現在分詞作方式或伴隨狀語

謂語動詞表示動作發生的方式、背景或情況。此時現在分詞的動作和謂語動詞的動作同時發生?,F在分詞或分詞短語作伴隨狀語時可以轉換成并列成分。Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.=Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.分析下列句子中現在分詞作狀語的類型:1.Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforthestation.2.Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.3.Livingmilesaway,heattendedthelecture.4.Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’twritetohim.5.Helayinbed,readinganovel.時間狀語結果狀語讓步狀語原因狀語伴隨狀語7.現在分詞作評論性狀語

有些現在分詞(短語),沒有邏輯主語而獨立存在,往往位于句首用來

修飾全句,表明說話者的態度、觀點等。如:

judgingfrom/by由……判斷considering/(giventhat)...鑒于/考慮到……generallyspeaking一般說來roughlyspeaking大致說來franklyspeaking坦率地說honestlyspeaking誠實地說

strictlyspeaking嚴格地說oaccount把......考慮在內supposing/providing/(provided)/assuming(that)...如果/假設……(tobehonest/totellyouthetruth/tobeginwith/tobeexact/surprisingly/basically/importantly/essentially)

(一般來說),childrenarenaturallycurious.

(考慮到)thebudget,wehavedecidedtogiveupthetravelplan.GenerallyspeakingConsidering

8.現在分詞構成的獨立主格結構

一般現在分詞作狀語,現在分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。但有時句子的語義需要現在分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致,即現在分詞有自己獨立的邏輯主語,構成:n./pron+doing,這種結構稱為獨立主格結構。獨立主格結構通常用來表示伴隨的動作或情況,有時還可以表示時間、原因、條件或解釋整個句子。(獨立主格結構:n./pron+doing/done/todo/adj/adv/n/prepphrase)Shesatbehindthetable,herchin

restinginherhands.

Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.Theweather

beingfine,wewentoutforawalk.用現在分詞的獨立主格結構改寫句子Ifweatherpermits,weshallgothereonfoot.

,weshallgothereonfoot.AfterMarycameback,theydiscussedittogether.

,theydiscussedittogether.WeatherpermittingMarycomingback

現在分詞作狀語的注意事項1.現在分詞的時態:一般式(doing)與完成式(havingdone)1)現在分詞的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發生,用一般式(doing)作狀語;2)現在分詞的動作先發生,謂語動詞的動作后發生,用完成式(havingdone)作狀語。

(walk)inthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.

(finish)thehomework,hewentoutforawalk.2.現在分詞的否定式:not+doing;not+havingdoneNotknowingthenotice,hedidn’tcome.Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.Walking

Havingfinished3.現在分詞的語態:主動式(同時發生用doing/先后發生用havingdone)與

被動式(同時發生beingdone/先后發生havingbeendone)現在分詞作狀語時,用主動還是被動,取決于現在分詞與句子主語的關系,句子的主語就是現在分詞的邏輯主語。第一步:判斷語態,主動or被動第二步:判斷動作發生順序,同時發生or先后發生

(finish)thehomework,hewenttobed.

(show)aroundthelab,theywereledintoahall.

(talk)to,youshouldlookintotheeyesoftheperson.

(struggle)foryears,hefinallywonthechampionship.

(tell)forseveraltimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandtherules.HavingfinishedHavingbeenshownBeingtalkedHavingstruggled

Havingbeentold主動,先后發生被動,先后發生被動,同時發生主動,先后發生被動,先后發生

二、現在分詞作賓語補足語The–ingformastheObjectComplement

賓語補足語(oc)定義:

賓語補足語是指:有的及物動詞,接了賓語意義仍然不完整,還需要有一個其他的句子成分,來補充說明賓語的意義、狀態等,簡稱賓補。Heisrunning.Heloves

music.Wemake

him

ourmonitor.

不及物動詞vi:本身意義完整,不需要跟sth/sb作賓語的動詞及物動詞vt:必須要跟sth/sb作賓語才能意義完整的動詞動詞v.+賓語+賓補介詞v.+賓語+賓補1.Wesawalightburninginthewindow.2.Ifelt

someonepatting

meontheback.3.Canyousmellanything

burning?4.Listentothebirdssinging.歸納:表示感覺和心理狀態的的動詞,即:_______動詞如:_______________________________________________感官see,hear,feel,observe,find,notice,catch(當場發現)等能用現在分詞作賓補的幾類詞:【特別提示】在see,hear,feel,watch等感官動詞后,既可用動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語,也可用省略to的不定式作賓語補足語。用動詞的-ing形式時,表示動作正在進行,用省略了to的不定式時,表示動作從開始到結束的全過程。Isawhimrunacrosstheroad.(強調整個過程)Isawhimrunningacrosstheroad.(強調正在進行)歸納:表示“使”“令”“讓”等含有“致使”意義的動詞,即:______動詞如:______________________使役get,have,keep,set,leave,make,let1.Iwon'thaveyoudoingthat.2.Thissetmethinking.3.I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.Ican'tgettheclockgoingagain.注意:使役動詞+賓語+現在分詞(doing)作賓補,

表示讓...一直做某事,強調動作的持續性;使役動詞+賓語+動詞原形(do)作賓補,

表示讓某人做某事,強調一次性的動作。

使役動詞+賓語+過去分詞(done)作賓補,表示使某事被做;keep/have/get/leavesbdoing讓某人一直做

have/get/make/keep/leavesthdone使某事被做

make/let/havesbdoget/leavesbtodo讓某人做Hehasus

(laugh)

duringthelunchtime.Hismotherhashim

(clean)

hisbedroom.Iwillhavethewall

(paint)tomorrow.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic

(run)smoothly.runninglaughingcleanpainted1.Withtimegoingby,IshowmuchinterestinlearningEnglish.2.MrsDengenteredtheclassroom,withagroupofstudentsfollowing

her.3.Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.歸納:用于_______________的復合結構中,v-ingform對賓語起補充說明作用。

with+賓語+賓補常見的帶-ing作賓補的詞感覺,心理狀態使役動詞with的復合結構see/hear/watch/find/observe/notice/feel+sb/sth+doinghave/get/make/leave/keep+sb/sth+doingwith+n./pron+doing正在進行一直做,一直處于某種狀態主動◆單句語法填空。1)WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning,Isawtwowomen_______(sell)lanterns.2)Theoperatorlefthurriedlywiththemachine

(

run).3)Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim

(put)onatent,with

adog

(lie)onthegrass.4)Peter,acolleagueofmine,wasstandingonthebridgeandwatching

boats________(pass)by.5)Withthepianist

(perform)musiconthestage,theatmosphereisquiteromantic.sellingrunningputtinglyingpassingperforming練習:用-ing作賓補翻譯句子1.我覺得我心跳得更快了。

Ifeltmyheartbeatingfaster.2.我們看見太陽從山后升起。

Wesawthesunrisingbehindthemountain.3.別讓他等太久了。

Don’thavehimwaitingforlong.4.我沿著河岸騎自行車,我的寵物狗跟在后面跑。Icycledalongthebankwithmypetdogrunningbehind.summary:

現在分詞doing作賓語補足語作狀語動詞v.+賓語+doing作賓補介詞v.+賓語+doing作賓補1.時間狀語2.原因狀語3.條件狀語4.結果狀語5.讓步狀語6.方式和伴隨狀語注意事項時態語態否定式7.評論性狀語8.獨立主格用法一般情況:現在分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語跟句子的主語一致特殊情況:1)現在分詞作狀語,在句子中沒有邏輯主語2)現在分詞作狀語,有自己的邏輯主語,且其邏輯主語跟句

子的主語不一致主動式(doing/havingdone)與被動式(beingdone/havingbeendone)一般式(doing)與完成式(havingdone)not+doing;not+havingdone1)Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2)Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutBC

Choosethecorrectanswers.3)IcanhardlyimaginePeter_______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed4)Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_______butthedoor_______.A.beingon;shut B.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shuttingCC

5)Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.

A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed6)TellMarythatthere’ssomeone____forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait7)The_______waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”

A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmileBA

A8)Theresultofthetestwasrather______.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint9)People____inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living10)Thelibrary’sstudyroomisfullofstudents____fortheexam.A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparingB

D

B

◆單句語法填空1)Unless

(see)thechangeswithyourowneyes,youwillneverbelievetheirgreatness.2)Hiscarbrokedownontheway,thus

(cause)himtobelatefortheelection.

3)

(walk)inthestreetwithhisdogfollowinghim,hefeltreallyfreeandpleased.4)

(finish)hiswork,hewentoutintothegardentohaveawalk.5)Heliftedthestone,only

(drop)itonhisownfeet.6)

(elect)ascaptain,Tomwasgreatlyencouraged.7)

(try)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tovercomethedifficulties.8)

(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.WalklingHavingfinishedtodropHavingbeenelectedHavingtriedHavingeatenseeingcausing主動,同時發生主動,先后發生被動,先后發生主動,先后發生主動,先后發生意想不到的結果必然的意料中的結果條件狀語從句11)

(spend)nearlyallhismoney,theformerwrestlercouldn’taffordameal.12)

(consider)hisage,littleTomisdoingareallygoodjob.13)Pressedfromhisparents,and

(realise)thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.14)When

(illustrate)abook,youputpictures,photographsordiagramsintoit.15)

(go)straightdowntheroad,youwillfindthecanteen.16)Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonthegrassland,

(stare)atthenightsky.17)Tomslowlywalkedaway,

(complain)aboutthecoldweather.18)It

(be)Sunday,manypeoplegotothegymnasiumtoworkout.HavingspentConsideringrealisingillustratingGoingstaringcomplainingbeing主動,先后發生◆單句寫作19)

(說實話),allofhissavingsaregiventochildreninafarawayvillage.20)Hanginghishead,theboystoodbythedoor,

(不敢說一句話).21)

(天氣允許的話),IwillmakeatriptoInnerMongolia.22)

(從外表判斷),itisverypeaceful,butinfact,awarwillbreakoutsoon.23)Groupactivitieswereorganisedafterclass,

(增強孩子們的團隊精神).24)Theactorintendedtoleavequickly,

(卻被他的粉絲包圍了).25)Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet,

_____(把這座古城變成了夢境).26)Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.→

fullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.27)Ifyougostraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore.→

downtheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore.

downtheroad,andyouwillfindthedepartmentstore.HonestlyspeakingnotdaringtosayawordWeatherpermittingJudgingfromappearancebuildingupchildren’steamspiritonlytobesurroundedbyhisfansturningtheoldtownintoadreamlandHavingmadeGoingstraight沿......排列成行Gostraight非謂語基礎綜合練習——語法填空1.

Whenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds_____________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.(2020全國卷III)2.Theyrepresenttheearth_________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.(2020全國卷II)3.

Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimesand,indryareas,_________(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigatetheirfields.(2020浙江卷)4.

Whenwegotacall________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.(2019全國卷II)surroundingcomingmakingsaying淚流滿面入圍的非謂語基礎綜合練習——語法填空5.Danielfirstbecameinterestedinmushroomswhen__________(explore)theforestwithhisfather.6.Scienceandtechnologyisdevelopingveryquickly,____________(make)lifemucheasierformanypeople.7.Whydoyoukeepyourson____________(stand)undertheburningsun?8.Although__________(work)veryhard,hecouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebt.exploringmakingstandingworking非謂語基礎綜合練習——用-ing形式改寫句子1.Ifyouworkhardfromnowon,youwillcatchupwithothers.(現在分詞作條件狀語)Workinghardfromnowon,youwillcatchupwithothers.2.BecauseIdidn’tknowhiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhimwhenIwasin

Shanghai.(現在分詞作原因狀語)Notknowinghiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhimwhenIwasinShanghai.非謂語基礎綜合練習——用-ing形式改寫句子3.ThePresidententeredthehall,andseveraltopofficialsfollowedhim.(with復合結構)ThePresidententeredthehall,withseveraltopofficialsfollowinghim.4.WhenIsawthatJacksonwasclimbingoverthewall,Istoppedhim.(現在分詞作賓語補足語)WhenIsawJacksonclimbingoverthewall,Istoppedhim.非謂語進階綜合練習——句子美化06I’mhonoredtobeheretotellyousomethingaboutnovelcoronavirus(新冠病毒)inWuhan.InDecember2019,aninfectiousdiseasebrokeoutinWuhan.TheChinesegovernmentdecisivelycloseddownthecity.Itwastopreventthespreadofthedisease.Atthesametime,althoughcasesbeingfoundthroughoutthecountry,theChinesepeopleactivelyfacedit,togetherwithWuhantofighttheepidemic.Atthisparticulartime,weshouldgooutaslittleaspossible.Ifwegoout,wemustwearprotectivemaskstopreventourselvesfromgettinginfected.Inaddition,itisalsonecessarythatweshouldkeepgoodhabits.Weallbelievewewillwinthebattlesoon.21非謂語進階綜合練習——句子美化061.TheChinesegovernmentdecisivelycloseddownthecity.Itwastopreventthespreadofthedisease.---TheChinesegovernmentdecisivelycloseddownthecitytopreventthespreadofthedisease.---Topreventthespreadofthedisease,theChinesegovernmentdecisivelycloseddownthecity.22---Withthepurposeofpreventingthespreadofthedisease,theChinesegovernmentdecisivelycloseddownthecity.非謂語進階綜合練習——句子美化062.Ifwegoout,wemustwearprotectivemaskstopreventourselvesfromgettinginfected.--Ifgoingout,wemustwearprotectivemaskstopreventourselvesfromgettinginfected.23非謂語進階綜合練習——句子美化063.Itisalsonecessarythatweshouldkeepgoodhabits.---Itisalsonecessarytokeepgoodhabits.---

Keepinggoodhabitsisalsonecessary.24_________________________________(1930年12月30日出生),TuYouyou________________________(對醫學感興趣)whenshewasyoung.After______________________________________(1995年畢業于北京大學醫學院),sheworkedonmedicalresearches.Shealwayskeptherself__________________________(她日夜不停地工作).______________(嘗試了)over380times,shefinallysucceededindevelopingartemisinin(青蒿素).Becauseofhergreatcontributionsanddevotiontothemedicalfield,shewasawardedtheNobelMedicalPrizein2015,___________________________(變的世界矚目).Practice:Fillintheblanks.

BornonDecember30,1930wasinterestedinmedicinegraduatingfromBeijingMedicalUniversityin1955workingdayandnightHavingtriedbecomingworldfamous

BornonDecember30,1930,TuYouyouwasinterestedinmedicinewhenshewasyoung.AftergraduatingfromBeijingMedicalUniversityin1955,sheworkedonmedicalresearches.Shealwayskeptherselfworkingdayandnight.Havingtriedover380times,shefinallysucceededindeveloping

artemisinin(青蒿素).Becauseofhergreatcontributionsanddevotiontothemedicalfield,shewasawardedtheNobelMedicalPrizein2015,becomingworldfamous.Inmyopinion,sheachievedmakingusthink

howtoachieveourdreams.accident

['?ks?d?nt] n.事故;車禍;失事byaccident偶然地;不小心=bychancebydesign=onpurpose有意地,故意地accidentaladj意外的;偶然的accidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地Rangokilledthehawk

(accident).Officialssaythefireappearstobe

(accident).

accidentallyaccidentaloperation

[??p?‘re??n]

n.手術;企業;經營operatev.操作;使用;動手術operatorn.操作員;經營者put...intooperation實施;使...運轉operateonsb給某人做手術=do/perform/haveanoperationonsb【誤區警示】operate表示“做手術”時是不及物動詞,后面接on,然后接人或者身體的部位;表示“操作”時是及物動詞,直接跟賓語。whisper

['w?sp?(r)]vi.悄聲說;耳語;低語n.耳語(聲);低語(聲);傳言;謠傳whisper(sth)tosb向某人低聲說某事whisperaboutsth嘀咕某事whispersth.inone’sear在某人耳旁小聲說某事Itiswhisperedthat...私下說/據傳言…inawhisper=inalowvoice低聲地;悄聲地他正在睡覺,所以你最好低聲說話。Heissleeping,soyou’dbetterspeakinawhisper.

練一練1.Sheis__________astorytoh

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論