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讀后續(xù)寫原文的人物分析框架

【要點(diǎn)釋義】

環(huán)境、情節(jié)、人物是英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫敘事的三要素,而人物是三要素的核心,它貫穿于整

篇故事中,連接著環(huán)境與情節(jié),使得整篇故事的層次結(jié)構(gòu)更為豐富、立體。正是因?yàn)楣适轮?/p>

人物形象的豐富多樣,故事的故事情節(jié)才跌宕起伏、曲折離奇。學(xué)生在閱讀、學(xué)習(xí)小說(shuō)的

過(guò)程中,可以深刻感悟到作者在情節(jié)架構(gòu)、環(huán)境營(yíng)造、人物刻畫、敘事表達(dá)等方面的技巧,

這些感悟非常有利于提高學(xué)生的寫作能力。一方面,故事中情節(jié)的架構(gòu)、敘事表達(dá)上的技巧

能夠幫助學(xué)生掌握敘事類作文的寫作技巧。另一方面,作者在刻畫人物時(shí)用到的動(dòng)作、語(yǔ)言、

心理描寫等可以被學(xué)生借鑒、運(yùn)用。另外,故事中的其他寫作技巧,如懸念的設(shè)置、伏筆的

埋設(shè)、細(xì)節(jié)的刻畫等都非常值得學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí),并讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用于日常寫作中。

青少年學(xué)生的人格還未完全定型,他們對(duì)世界的認(rèn)知很容易受到外部環(huán)境的影響,稍有

不慎,就有可

能被眼花繚亂的信息所迷惑,造成思想上、道德上的滑坡。因此,在學(xué)生身心發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)

期,教師可借助學(xué)科教學(xué)對(duì)學(xué)生開展適當(dāng)?shù)慕逃龑?dǎo)學(xué)生形成正確的人格。而讀后續(xù)寫的

故事在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成正確情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀上具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì),每一篇優(yōu)秀的故事都是作者思

想的濃縮,蘊(yùn)含著作者本人積極、向上的世界觀、人生觀以及價(jià)值觀。學(xué)習(xí)并分析優(yōu)秀的故

事作品,可以讓學(xué)生的情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀在潛移默化中受到積極影響,形成正確人格。

▲故事類語(yǔ)篇塑造人物的方法

故事類語(yǔ)篇塑造人物的方法、方式有如下幾種:肖像描寫,心理描寫,行動(dòng)描寫,語(yǔ)言

描寫,細(xì)節(jié)描寫、正面描寫(直接描寫)和側(cè)面描寫(間接描寫)。

(1)肖像描寫。對(duì)人物形象的外部特征進(jìn)行描繪的手法,具體的包括容貌、身材、表情、

衣著、姿態(tài)等描寫。它對(duì)于人物性格和人物形象的完整體現(xiàn),有著重要的烘托作用。因?yàn)槿?/p>

物的外部特征總是同人物內(nèi)在的心理活動(dòng)、精神狀態(tài)相聯(lián)系的。

(2)動(dòng)作描寫。對(duì)人物在典型環(huán)境中的行為動(dòng)作進(jìn)行描寫的手法。典型的動(dòng)作描寫,不

僅要寫出人物在特定情勢(shì)下的行動(dòng),還要寫出人物以何種獨(dú)特的方式完成這個(gè)動(dòng)作,通過(guò)對(duì)

人物動(dòng)作的描寫可以透露出人物內(nèi)在的心靈世界。

⑶語(yǔ)言描寫。具體包括對(duì)話、獨(dú)白、旁白以及對(duì)語(yǔ)氣情態(tài)的描寫。對(duì)人物語(yǔ)言的描寫

要注意人物語(yǔ)言的個(gè)性化,要與人物的身份經(jīng)歷、文化修養(yǎng)、習(xí)慣愛好、心理狀態(tài)以及所處

的特定場(chǎng)合吻合。

⑷心理描寫。對(duì)人物在一定情景中的想法、感觸、情緒意識(shí)等進(jìn)行的具體刻畫。可以

直接揭示人物的內(nèi)心世界,交代人物的思想基礎(chǔ)和行動(dòng)的內(nèi)在依據(jù)。有時(shí)可直接由作者進(jìn)行

描繪,或由人物的獨(dú)白、夢(mèng)幻來(lái)進(jìn)行披露,有時(shí)可以間接地通過(guò)景物及人物肖像、動(dòng)作、語(yǔ)

言、所處環(huán)境及遭遇等來(lái)進(jìn)行折射。

⑸細(xì)節(jié)描寫。細(xì)節(jié)描寫指對(duì)生活中那些細(xì)致而又特別富有表現(xiàn)力的典型環(huán)節(jié)所作的特

寫式描寫。它是敘事性文章的最小的描寫單位。它把事物細(xì)微本質(zhì)的情狀特點(diǎn),鮮明逼真地

呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。細(xì)節(jié)描寫在文章描寫中的地位看似閑筆或贅筆,信手拈來(lái),無(wú)關(guān)緊要,可有可無(wú);

但都是作者精心的設(shè)置和安排,不能隨意取代。一篇文章,恰到好處地運(yùn)用細(xì)節(jié)描寫,能起

到烘托環(huán)境氣氛、刻畫人物性格和揭示主題思想的作用。

(6)白描和工筆。白描指使用最簡(jiǎn)潔的筆墨,不加烘托地勾勒出生動(dòng)、傳神的形象。工

筆指用細(xì)膩入微、工整細(xì)密的筆觸,對(duì)人物和環(huán)境進(jìn)行精雕細(xì)琢的描寫方法。表達(dá)的文字細(xì)

膩、色彩濃郁,往往借助對(duì)比、比喻、比擬、夸張等修辭手法,把客觀事物復(fù)雜斑斕的狀貌,

具體而細(xì)致地表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。在故事類語(yǔ)篇中常用來(lái)寫景和展示人物心理。

(7)正面描寫和側(cè)面描寫。正面描寫,即直接描寫,是對(duì)所描寫的人物、事件等作正面、

直接的刻畫,不借助于人和媒介物的烘托。側(cè)面描寫,即間接描寫,是對(duì)所描寫的對(duì)象不作

直接的刻畫,而是借助于對(duì)媒介物的描寫,來(lái)烘托所要描寫的人或物。這種筆法比較含蓄、

委婉,給讀者留下較大的自由想象空間,增加描寫對(duì)象的主題內(nèi)涵和藝術(shù)感染力。

⑻環(huán)境描寫。環(huán)境是小說(shuō)“三要素”之一,環(huán)境描寫自然是小說(shuō)重要的描寫手法。''辨

析環(huán)境描寫”已經(jīng)涉及,不再贅述。

▲故事類語(yǔ)篇人物形象的分析方法

1.在情節(jié)發(fā)展中分析人物形象

情節(jié)是小說(shuō)中用以表現(xiàn)主題或人物性格的一系列有組織的生活事件。我們需要從情節(jié)的

發(fā)展中把握人物形象,因?yàn)榍楣?jié)是人物性格形成和發(fā)展的歷史,在事件發(fā)展的過(guò)程中,才能

顯現(xiàn)出人物靈魂深處的東西來(lái),離開了情節(jié),就不知道人物怎樣做事,也就無(wú)法分析人物性

格特征。要了解人物性格,必須透過(guò)情節(jié)中發(fā)生的事情這種外在現(xiàn)象去剖析現(xiàn)象背后的本質(zhì)。

故事情節(jié)或是發(fā)展了人物性格,或是表現(xiàn)了人物性格。所以,分析小說(shuō)的情節(jié)也是我們分析

人物的一把鑰匙。

2.從塑造人物的方法中分析

小說(shuō)的核心任務(wù)就是通過(guò)刻畫人物、塑造典型人物形象來(lái)揭示社會(huì)生活的某些本質(zhì)方面,

從而表現(xiàn)作品的主題的。所以,要評(píng)價(jià)小說(shuō)中的人物形象,就要認(rèn)真分析作者對(duì)人物的描寫

——肖像描寫、語(yǔ)言描寫、行動(dòng)描寫、心理描寫、細(xì)節(jié)描寫等等,從而評(píng)價(jià)人物的性格特征,

進(jìn)而發(fā)掘出各色人物善惡美丑的精神世界。辨析人物描寫的方法,除了肖像(外貌、神態(tài)、

服飾)描寫,動(dòng)作細(xì)節(jié)描寫、語(yǔ)言描寫、心理描寫等直接描寫外,還要注意其它人或景的烘

托。

3.借助環(huán)境描寫分析人物形象

環(huán)境是為人物而設(shè)置的,小說(shuō)中的人物是生活在特定的歷史背景和特定的生活環(huán)境之中

的,人物的思想感情總要打上時(shí)代的烙印,留下環(huán)境的痕跡。環(huán)境對(duì)人物性格的體現(xiàn)起著強(qiáng)

化作用。作者為了表現(xiàn)人物豐富復(fù)雜的性格,往往為人物設(shè)置各種不同的環(huán)境,用以“刺激”

人物,以記錄其種種行為,從而顯露出性格。

4.借助作者傾向分析人物形象

主題是小說(shuō)作家在描寫、敘述人物性格、人物命運(yùn)時(shí)顯示出的對(duì)生活的理解和認(rèn)識(shí)。我

們要在閱讀中認(rèn)識(shí)和評(píng)價(jià)人物的性格、品質(zhì)、典型性和社會(huì)意義,體會(huì)作者的感情傾向。

▲英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫中刻畫人物形象的方法

1.利用情緒描寫,凸顯人物性格

情緒描寫是指對(duì)于人物在特定場(chǎng)景中的主觀心理狀態(tài)和變化的描寫,而由于某種特定事

件而引發(fā)的情緒一定會(huì)伴隨外部特征的表現(xiàn),例如面部表情、眼神、肢體動(dòng)作等,因此高中

英語(yǔ)教師在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生進(jìn)行情緒描寫時(shí)可以先激發(fā)學(xué)生的想象力,想象不同的情緒特征會(huì)有怎

樣的外部表現(xiàn)。例如人在內(nèi)心不安和焦急的時(shí)候可能會(huì)來(lái)回踱步、眉頭緊皺;人在憤怒的

時(shí)候可能會(huì)滿臉通紅、拳頭緊握;人在悲痛的時(shí)候可能會(huì)兩手抱頭、沉默不語(yǔ)……

例如,2021年新高考I卷讀后續(xù)寫題目的寫作為例,試卷給出的短文描寫了一對(duì)雙胞

胎決定在母親節(jié)這一天為母親悄悄做一頓早飯,給母親一個(gè)驚喜,然而在做飯的過(guò)程中遇到

了種種困難的小故事。我們?cè)谧屑?xì)閱讀原文以后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些關(guān)鍵信息:驚喜;做飯;困難。

閱讀題目給出的兩個(gè)自然段的段首句后,我們基本可以確定故事情節(jié)的大致走向:父親出現(xiàn)

幫助雙胞胎完成了這頓早飯,母親收到了這份生日驚喜非常感動(dòng)。通過(guò)思考和分析,大部分

學(xué)生都認(rèn)為這個(gè)故事的情節(jié)比較簡(jiǎn)單,故事線也比較明顯,人物也是日常生活中常見的人物。

為了將普通的父親和母親的人物形象刻畫得更加入木三分,我們可以進(jìn)行換位思考:Ifyou

wereafatherwhowerewokenupbyanoisewhenhewassleepinginthemorning,andcameto

thekitchen,youfoundthattwochildrenhadmadeamessofthekitchen,whatwouldyoufeel?我

們馬上想到這位父親這時(shí)候應(yīng)該是非常生氣的,臉上會(huì)帶著憤怒的表情氣沖沖地來(lái)到廚房。

因止匕我們可以說(shuō):Judgingfromhisexpression,hewasveryangrywhenhesawthemessinthe

kitchen.我們?cè)谟糜⒄Z(yǔ)進(jìn)行人物的情緒描寫時(shí),常出現(xiàn)用詞和表達(dá)生硬,缺乏感受力和生命

力等問(wèn)題,無(wú)法將人物性格表現(xiàn)得豐滿形象,因此我們可以通過(guò)身體各個(gè)部位的表現(xiàn)來(lái)側(cè)面

襯托人物情緒,運(yùn)用比喻、夸張等修辭手段提升語(yǔ)言的感染力和表現(xiàn)力,使人物形象躍然

紙上,給人以難以磨滅的印象。

2.細(xì)化動(dòng)作描寫,刻畫思想品質(zhì)

人的動(dòng)作受其思想和性格的影響。在記敘文中作者通過(guò)對(duì)人物的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行具體而細(xì)致的

描寫,能從側(cè)面襯托人物的思想品質(zhì)和性格特征,表現(xiàn)人物的心理活動(dòng),推動(dòng)故事情節(jié)的

發(fā)展。成功的動(dòng)作描寫能夠使讀者感受到人物的栩栩如生,充分展示人物的內(nèi)心世界,將

人物形象樹立得更加鮮明、完整和立體。例如,2021年新高考I卷讀后續(xù)寫的第一自然段

父親出場(chǎng)以后,為了推動(dòng)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展,這里要對(duì)父親的一系列動(dòng)作進(jìn)行描寫,比如父

親拍了拍雙胞胎的肩膀鼓勵(lì)他們,父親決定要幫他們做飯等。我們可以這樣描述父親的動(dòng)作:

Thefatherlearnedaboutthetwins5plan.Hepattedthemontheshoulderandsaidthathewould

helpthemfinishthesurprisebreakfast.我們還可以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞將兩句話合并,并在動(dòng)詞前添

力口副詞使表述更力口生動(dòng):Afterlearningaboutthetwins5plan,thefatherhappilypattedthemon

theshouldersandpromisedthat

與靜態(tài)的肖像描寫相比,動(dòng)作描寫貴在能夠?qū)⑷宋锏膭?dòng)態(tài)特征確切生動(dòng)地表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。在

進(jìn)行動(dòng)作描寫時(shí),學(xué)生通常出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞和句式重復(fù)使用的現(xiàn)象,在表述上也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)句式雜糅

和表述不清的錯(cuò)誤。教師在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生進(jìn)行讀后續(xù)寫活動(dòng)時(shí),應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)將人物的一系列

動(dòng)作進(jìn)行分解,然后通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞將幾個(gè)動(dòng)作串聯(lián)在句子中,使表述重點(diǎn)突出,

語(yǔ)法正確,句意明確。除此之外,為了使表述更加簡(jiǎn)單明了,學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)盡量使用一

些語(yǔ)義明確的特殊動(dòng)詞避免使用語(yǔ)義不明確的普通動(dòng)詞,例如盡量選用

whisper/state/shout/promise等有具體含義的“說(shuō)"來(lái)代替無(wú)具體含義的"say”。

3.強(qiáng)化心理描寫,展現(xiàn)內(nèi)心獨(dú)白

心理描寫是對(duì)人物內(nèi)心心理活動(dòng)的描寫,能夠?qū)崟r(shí)展現(xiàn)文章中人物對(duì)于特殊事物的內(nèi)心

感受和真實(shí)想法,有直接描寫和間接描寫之分。直接描寫主要是通過(guò)內(nèi)心獨(dú)白的方式來(lái)直

接展現(xiàn)人物的想法,而間接描寫是結(jié)合環(huán)境描寫、動(dòng)作描寫等方式側(cè)面表現(xiàn)人物的內(nèi)心活動(dòng)。

在用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行人物活動(dòng)刻畫時(shí),應(yīng)該注重表現(xiàn)方式的多樣化,避免重復(fù)使用“feel/think/sense”

等詞匯,以免給人以語(yǔ)言刻板、僵硬的印象。以2021年新高考I卷讀后續(xù)寫題目為例,試

卷提供的原文中有一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)可以利用到我們的續(xù)寫中,那就是Jeff的手在做飯的時(shí)候受傷

了。母親在看到Jeff的手以后,一定會(huì)明白自己兒子手受傷的原因,內(nèi)心一定是萬(wàn)分感動(dòng)

和心疼的。這時(shí)候可以運(yùn)用一些細(xì)致的心理描寫來(lái)展現(xiàn)母親的內(nèi)心世界。例如Awarm

currentsurgedinherheart,andhereyesweremoistenedbythepainasifbeingprickedbya

needle.除此之外還可以運(yùn)用環(huán)境描寫來(lái)側(cè)面烘托人物的內(nèi)心感受,將人的五官感受與周圍

的環(huán)境相關(guān)聯(lián),通過(guò)聯(lián)想使人物與環(huán)境融合為一體。例如,在母親的臥室中充滿著食物的

香氣,這仿佛使臥室中也變得更加充滿魅力,更加可愛動(dòng)人了……

與動(dòng)作描寫、語(yǔ)言描寫、肖像描寫這種看得見聽得著的表現(xiàn)方式不同,心理描寫能夠

展現(xiàn)人物內(nèi)心復(fù)雜的心理活動(dòng),揭示人物靈魂深處的世界,使人物形象更加立體、直觀。

4.升華語(yǔ)言描寫,抒發(fā)情感態(tài)度

在讀后續(xù)寫中,對(duì)人物語(yǔ)言的描寫是抒發(fā)人物情感態(tài)度,反映人物內(nèi)心世界的重要手段。

在記敘文中缺乏了語(yǔ)言描寫就缺少了身臨其境的參與感,缺少了說(shuō)服力和表現(xiàn)力。對(duì)人物的

語(yǔ)言描寫要做到生動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)潔,符合人物身份特征,體現(xiàn)人物性格特點(diǎn),避免出現(xiàn)學(xué)生腔。在

用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言描寫時(shí)首先要注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和字母大小寫的規(guī)范性,其次要簡(jiǎn)短有力,不

要長(zhǎng)篇大論地引用,一般來(lái)說(shuō)一篇文章中語(yǔ)言的描寫控制在三句話以內(nèi)。

為了使語(yǔ)言描寫給文章增光添彩,我們要學(xué)會(huì)將語(yǔ)言描寫運(yùn)用到文章的關(guān)鍵位置,使語(yǔ)

言描寫對(duì)于推動(dòng)劇情發(fā)展和展現(xiàn)人物性格發(fā)揮最大作用。以2021年新高考I卷讀后續(xù)寫

題目為例,在第二段續(xù)寫中為了推動(dòng)劇情發(fā)展,可以使用簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言描寫來(lái)完成從廚房到

母親臥室的場(chǎng)景切換,使劇情發(fā)展和故事講述更加自然,段與段之間銜接得更加緊密。例

如"HappyMother5sDay!”Theycouldn'thidetheirexcitementandshoutedinunison.為了進(jìn)——

步展現(xiàn)母子之間的溫情脈脈,在文章收尾的部分我們也可以用語(yǔ)言描寫的形式展現(xiàn)母親收

到這份驚喜以后的感動(dòng)和欣慰。

總之,讀后續(xù)寫對(duì)學(xué)生的思維能力和創(chuàng)造能力要求較高。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在讀后續(xù)寫中寫出

個(gè)性化的故事情節(jié)和立體化的人物形象不是一蹴而就的,需要教師在平時(shí)的閱讀課中不斷

分析和滲透寫作技巧,在寫作課中開展精細(xì)化的引導(dǎo)和個(gè)性化的評(píng)價(jià)反饋,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生熱愛

寫作、勤于寫作,不斷創(chuàng)作出具有獨(dú)特鮮活個(gè)性的人物形象。

【提升練習(xí)】

1.(2024?新疆?三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一

篇完整的短文。

“Allright,class,settledown!Today,I'mrequiringyoutousenewvocabularytowrite

aboutyourbestfriend.Idon'twanttohearthatyourbestfriendisnice.Iwanttoknowhow,“my

Spanishteacher,SenoraMorales,shoutedattheclass.

Islowlybegantowrite.MybestfriendisHayley.She'sasoccerchampionwhocoloredher

hairredtosupportherteam.SheplaysguitarasIdo,andwegotoourorchestraeverySaturday.

SheusesfunnyEnglishwordsHke“shenanigans”.We'vebeenbestfriendssincefourthgrade.

Thisismystandardresponsetothe“bestfriend^^question.Theproblemis,Hayleyisn'treal.

Ihadtocomeupwithafictionalbestfriendbecausetherehavebeentoomanywritingtasks

askingmetodescribethisperson,toomanymomentswhenFvereplied,<4Idon'thaveone,^^and

toomanytimesI'veheard,“Whynot?Areyoujustnotthetypeofpersonwhowantsabest

friend?^^Thetruthis,I'vewatchedwithenvythebestfriendswhoiceskatetogether.Ofcourse,I

haveplentyofacquaintances-thosewhoItalktoatlunch.ButthefriendwhoIcandependon

whenIamupsetdoesn'texist.

NothavingabestfriendmeansIhavenoonetotextlateatnightwhenIcan,tfallasleep

andnoshouldertocryonwhenIfailmyorchestraaudition.SometimesItellmyself,"You'resuch

ababy;justtoughenup.There9snowayyou'lleversucceedbecauseyoucan'tdealwiththe

smallestissuesinlife.^^Consideringthesethoughtsbringsmedownandmakesmekilltimeonmy

phone.

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

ButasIlookthroughmyphone,Iaskmyself"WhatwouldHayleysaytomeright

now?”____________________________________________________________________________

WhenSenoraMoraleshandedbackmypaper,shetoldme,“Sheseemslikeagreat

friend!^^

2.(2024.江西.二模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一

篇完整的短文。

Marcuswasreallyexcitedtowatchasolareclipse(日食)inBloomfieldonasunny

Saturdayafternoon.Hesetupthetelescopehe'dborrowedfromhisteacheronanopenareanear

thebaseballfield,wheretheschoolbaseballteamwaspracticing.Marcusdidn'tlikebaseball;he

wasmoreinterestedinthestars.Asolareclipsewasaspecialevent,andhedidn'twanttomissit.

Whilethebaseballteampracticed,Marcuspaidnoattentiontothem.Ashelookedthrough

histelescopeatthesun,themoonstartedcoveringit,creatingacoolcrescentshape(月牙形).

Marcuswasamazedbyit.Hewishedhecouldsharethismomentwithsomeonewholoveditas

muchashedid.

Then,thebaseballcoach,Bernardi,announcedovertheloudspeakerthatthebaseballgame

wasputofffor30minutesbecauseofthesolareclipse.CoachBernardi'sannouncementbrought

Mareusback,toreality.Herealizedhewasalonenearthebaseballfield,holdinghistelescope.He

hadbeensointotheeclipsethathedidn'tnoticeabaseballflyingtowardhim.Ithitthetelescope

andbrokethelens(鏡片).

Marcuswasangry,andheshouted,wonderingwhohadthrownthebaseballathim.He

pickeduptheballandheadedtowardthebaseballfield.Hewasworriedabouttellinghisteacher,

Mr.Baker,aboutthebrokentelescope.Sure,itwasn'thisfault,buthehadpositionedthetelescope

nearthebaseballfield,andhestillfeltheshouldtakeresponsibility.

AsMarcussteppedontothebaseballfield,herealizedsomefansandplayerswerewatching

theeclipse.Eachpersonwastryingtogetachancetolookthroughthetelescopesthatsomefans

hadbroughttowatchtheeclipse.Marcusnoticedaboyrunningtowardhim.'Tmreallysorry

aboutwhathappenedwithyourtelescope.Ididn'tmeantobreakit.Ishouldhavebeenmore

careful,"saidtheboy,withasincereexpression.

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Marcusunderstoodthatitwasjustanaccident.

Afterawhile,itwasMarcus?sturntolookthroughthetelescope.

3.(2024.貴州畢節(jié).三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)

成一篇完整的短文。

OneSundaymorning,ahighschoolstudentnamedLilywaswanderingintheschool.The

sunshonebrightlythroughtheleafytreesthatlinedintheschoolcourtyard.Agentlebreeze

wafted(吹送,飄送)throughtheair,carryingthedistantsoundsoflaughterandchatterfromother

students.ItwasatthispeacefulandjoyfulmomentthatLilysawawalletlyingontheground.

“Whoseisit?”Lilysaidtoherself.Shepickeditupandopenedit,seeingalargeamountofcash

accompaniedbyimportantdocumentsandIDcards.

DoubtandconfusionbegantoconsumeLily."WhatshouldIdo?ShouldIkeepthemoney

fbrmyself?IcanbuymanythingsI'vewantedforalongshethought.Thetreesaroundher

seemedtoswingtogether,asifmirroringthechaoswithinherthoughts.ccButifItookit,I'dbe

goingagainstmyvaluesandbreakingthetrustothershaveinme,“avoicewithinherwhispered

urgently.

AknotformedinLily'sstomachassheweighedtheprosandcons,herthoughtsracing.The

blueskyaboveseemedtolaughatherconfusion,offeringnoanswersorrespite(喘息),which

remindedherofthedifficultchoicesshefaced.

Tomakemattersworse,justasLilywasabouttohandthewalletovertotheschool

administration,herphonerang,whichwasfromhersickgrandmother.<6Hi,Grandma,whafsup?”

Lilyaskedworriedly."Thedoctoradvisedmetobehospitalized.hergrandmotherreplied.This

addedanextralayerofcomplexitytoheralreadydisorderedthoughts."CanIusethemoneyto

helpGrandma?”Lilyconsidered.

Sheshuthereyes,tryingtocloseoutherconfusionandanxiety.Sheknewthatsheneeded

tomakeadecision,butshewasunsurewhattochoose.

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答.

Intheend,Lilymadethedifficultdecisiontodotherightthing.

Oneday,Lilyreceivedaphonecallfromtheschooladministrationteacher.

4.(2024?甘肅酒泉?三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)

成一篇完整的短文

IwillneverforgettheexperienceinmylifewhenIwasyoung.AsIwaseighteen,Iwas

doingmyfirstpart-timejobinalittlecornershop.Theownerwasasweetoldmanwhoalways

sawthegoodinpeople.Wewereallinformedthatifahomelessguythathungoutnearbycamein,

nomatterhowlittlemoneyhehad,weshouldalwaysgivehimtwosandwichesandadrink.Ifit

washot,weweresupposedtogivehimtwobigbottlesofwater.Thehomelessmanwasasweet

manwhobarelyspoke.

Onenight,asmycoworkerhadcalledinsick,Iwasintheshopaloneforfourhoursbefore

closingit.Thehomelessmancameinwithhislittlegentlesmile,andIwasexcitedbecauseI

knewIhadhisfavoritesandwichesinthecase.Ihandedthemovertohimalongwithhisdrink,

andhegavemea$10bill-muchmorethanthesmallchangeheusuallyhad.

Isaid,“Oh,gotmorecashtoday?Doyouwantahotpietogowithyourdinner?Fvegota

coupleleft!”Hesmiledandnoddedexcitedly,pointingtothechickenpieinthewarmer(力口熱器)

andhappilyhoppingfromfoottofoot.Iaskedhimifhewantedanythingelse.

Hesaid,"No.SavethingsforthedayswhenIdon'thaveanymoneyandhestillfeedsme.

Heisagoodman.^^Isaidtheownersurewasandwishedhimtoenjoyhisdinner.Hewaved

goodbyetome.Iwentbacktodosomecleaningandfillthefridges.ThenIheardthebellgooff

forthedoor,Iwenttothefronttoserveothercustomers.Aboutanhourlater,therewereno

customers.Suddenly,astrongwindcameandtheroofoftheshopshook.ItbegantofallbeforeI

couldescape.Iwashitbysomethingandthenwasunconscious.Thatwasthelastthing1

rememberbeforecomingto.Iwasloadedintoanambulance.

WhenIrevived(蘇醒)inhospital,mydoctorasked,“Hey,theresheis!Doyouknowwhat

happened?^^Istammered(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō))andansweredhisquestionsbeforeaskingmyown.

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

“Whorescuedmeaftertheaccidenthappened?^^Iasked.

Onegoodturndeservesanother.

5.(2024.江西贛州.二模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)

成一篇完整的短文。

Avoidingpeopleinasmalltownrequirestheskillsofaspy.Alban,22,hasn'tseenor

spokentohisjuniorschoolteacher,MsTaylor,inhistownformanyyears.

InGrade9,Albanarguedfiercelywithoneofhisclassmates,Robert.Robertgrabbedhis

armandverbally(言語(yǔ))threatenedhim.WhenAlbanturnedtoMsTaylor,hopingforhelp,she

keptsilentandseemedtobethinkingaboutsomething.Beforeshespoke,Albanrushedoutangrily.

ThatwastheendofhisrelationshipwithMsTaylorwhohadbeentheonepersoninschoolhe

coulddependon.ThenAlbanmovedlikeaghost,takingprecautionstostayfarawayfromMs

Taylor.

Onedayaftergraduationfromcollege,Albanwashalfwayhomewhenhefelthiscellphone

vibrate(震動(dòng)).ItwasJulia,themonitorinGrade9,whohadannouncedtheclassmatereunionand

MsTaylor'sretirementceremony,whichwouldbeheldintheschoolmeetingroom.Alban'sheart

sank.Althoughhemissedhisclassmates,Albanfeltembarrassedtoattendthereunion.Ms.Taylor

wouldbethere!

Despitehishesitation,Albanarrivedontimeforthebigday.Fromwherehesat,Albansaw

histeacher,thinandtired,walkunsteadilyintotheroom.Shehadnotbeenwell.Albanhesitantly

walkedovertoher.Hedidn'tsaymuch,justafewpleasantwords.Nohugorsmile.Manypeople

crowdedin.TheceremonybeganandAlbansatthere,justlisteningtothespeechesofMsTaylor

andotherstudents.

AfterthepartyMsTaylor9simage,presentandpast,alwayshaunted(縈繞)him.Alban's

memoryofMsTaylorbeganwhenhewasinGrade7.She'dlistentohimpatientlyandhelpsolve

hisproblemsineveryaspect.She'doftensuggestinterestingbooks,andthey'dsharetheir

opinions.Sometimessheeventookhimtocampneartheschoolonweekends.Greatmemories

stillremainedinhismind.

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

AlbandecidedtovisitMsTayloragain.

Asscheduled,thedaywhenMsTaylorandAlbanwentcampingcame.

6.(2024.安徽.三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一

篇完整的短文。

MoreThanaMedicalKit

"Anybodyhaveabandage?"avoicerangdownthedormhallway.

Itwasourfirstweekatcollegeandwewereallexperiencingnervousness.Ihadforgottento

bringsnacksforlatenightsbutwouldneveraskanyofmyroommatestosharetheirs.Iwasshy,

alwaysworriedaboutfittinginanewsituationandmeetingpeople.

Severalmonthsbefore,Isatatmyhighschoolgraduationpartyadmiringmygiftsand

battlingwavesofpost-highschoolsentimentality(多愁善感).Bookswerescatteredaroundmy

feet.Laundryitems,desksupplies-allwell-intentionedandwell-received.Theywould

demonstratetheirgivers'thoughtfulnessoverandoverduringmycollegecareer.

Butonegiftstruckmeasstrange.IfrownedwhenIopenedit.Medicine?Asmallpacketof

pillsandcreams,ointmentsandsoonlaywithinthewrappings.Whowouldgivethatasagift?I

turnedandJenny,mybestfriend,grinned(露齒而笑).

“You'llneedthatonceyou'reatschool,Shepointedout."Youwon'thavetochasedown

thecampusnurseforeverycough.Besides,thatmightbringyouluckandchance.^^Huggingme

tightly,sheadded.

Goodpoint.SheknewhowanxiousandfrightenedIfeltaboutsteppingontoanewjourney,

withoutherforcompany.

Notlongafter,inAugust,Ipackedmylifeintoaborrowedtruckandslippedthebagof

medicineinwithallmynecessities.IhardlythoughtaboutitonceIreachedcampus,caughtinthe

whirlwindofunpacking,book-buying,scheduling,andmeetingnewpeople.

When"anybodyhaveabandage?"rangoutinthedormitoryhallthatday,Irememberedmy

littlemedicinalpackage.

Iswallowedself-consciously.t6Actually,^^Igavealittlewave,64Ihaveone.”

“Great,“thegirljumpedoffherbedandwalkedtowardme.

注意:

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1:

AsIdugoutthekit,webegantochat.

Paragraph2:

ThelittlegiftIhadquestionednowledmetowardnewfriendships.

7.(2024?重慶?三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一

篇完整的短文。

MybrotherMatisaskateboarderenthusiast.Healwayshasbeenandalwayswillbe,and

alongwiththatcomesdetermination.Anytimehehasfallendown,hegetsrightbackupandtries

itagain.Ifhehasbrokensomething,hejustkeepsonskating.Hehasalwaysbeensuchan

inspirationtome,becauseheissodetermined.

Sometimesthatdeterminationisgood,butonthisparticularday,itwasanot.

Wewereoutinthefrontofourgrandparents*house.Matwasdeterminedto“ollie”(豚跳)

overachairthathehadplacedinthestreet.Iwaswatchinghimtryandtry,overandoveragain.I

couldseehimsweating.Asusual,itwasahotTexasday.Iwasworriedthathewouldget

heatstroke(中暑).EventhoughIwasonlyaboutfive,Ihadheardgrown-upstalkingaboutpeople

dyingofheatstroke,andIkindofunderstoodwhatitwas.Ireallydidn'twantmyliving,yet

hardheaded,brothertogetit.

SothereIwas,mychincuppedinmyhands,sittingontheporchofmygrandparents'house,

worryingaboutMatandthinkingofwaystokeephimcool.

“HeyBrit,couldyougetmemytea?”

Iwokeupfrommythoughtsandbacktotheheatoftheday.Irepliedtohisrequestwitha

nodandstooduptogogettheicedtea.Eventhroughmyplasticpinksandals(涼鞋),Icouldfeel

theextremeheatoftheconcretesteps.Itwasburningmyfeet,soIquicklywentinsidethehouse.

IheadedthroughthehallwaytowardGrandma'skitchen.Iwasthinkingofhowsweetand

delicioushericedteais.AsIenteredthekitchen,IheardaworriedvoicefromGrandma.4tWhat

wasthat?”Grandmasaid."Didyouhearthat?DidMatscream?^^

“Ididn't.I'llgosee.^^Iranout,withonethingonmymind-HEATSTROKE.

Afteraweekatthehospital,Matcamehome.

8.(2024?云南曲靖?二模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)

成一篇完整的短文。

37-year-oldCaseyRyanfeltverycomfortableinthemountainsoftheWillametteNational

ForestinEugene,Oregon.Heknewitsroadsandhikingtrailswellfromhistimeasavolunteerin

aroadsideclean-upcrew.Thesedays,hewasoftentherephotographingwildlife,andhealmost

alwayshadhislightweightdrone(無(wú)人機(jī))withhim.Itwasoneofhisfavoritecameras.

Thoughweatherconditionsweren,tgreatthatmorning,Ryandecidedtogoonashorthike

withhisfriend.SnowwascommonandRyanfeltheknewtheareawellenough.Still,asthey

drovealong,theroadsbecameicy.Ryanthoughthemightturnback,butafteratruckpassedthem

comingfromtheoppositedirection,hefeltsafeenoughtokeepgoing.Theroadsmuststillbe

passableinthatdirection,hereasoned.

Butitwasn'tlongbeforethetwomencameacrossawomanwhowasstranded(滯留)along

themountainroad.Ryanandhisfriendstoppedtohelpher.Ryantriedtolineuphistruck'sropeto

pullthewoman'scarout-andendedupstuckinthesameplace.

Thethreetriedforhourstodigthecarsout,butthesunwassettingfast.Thetemperature

wasdroppingandthesnowwasturningtoiceblocksaroundthetires.Itwasimpossibletodigout.

Thirtymilesfromtheclosesttown,theirphoneshadnosignalinsuchalow-lying《氐洼

的)area.Theircarradioandwalkie-talkiescouldn,ttransmitanysignalfarenough.Thethree

travelerspreparedtospendthenightintheircars.Thehikershadsurvivalgear(裝備)andfoodto

share,sotheyweren'tterriblyworried.

ItwasRyan'sfriendwho,jokinglyperhaps,broughtupanewsreporthehadseenabouta

manusingadronetosendrosestohisgirlfriendlivingonthe10thfloortomakeaproposal(求

婚).

注意:

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右:

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Lookingathisdrone,Ryansuddenlycameupwithanidea.

Ryan'swifereceivedhisphonemessageandcontactedarescueteam.

9.(2024?吉林長(zhǎng)春?模擬預(yù)測(cè))閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使

之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

IrememberatimewhenIlearnedthetruemeaningofforgiveness.Itwasaperiodinmy

lifethattestedmypatienceandmyabilitytounderstandothers.

ItallstartedwhenIwasinmiddleschool.IhadaclosefriendnamedEmily,andwespenta

lotoftimetogether.Oneday,Emilyintroducedmetoanewgirlinourclass,namedOlivia.Olivia

wasquietandshy,butwequicklybecamefriendsaswell.

Oneafternoon,afterschool,wewereallworkingonaprojectintheclassroom.Aswewere

discussingourideas,Oliviasuddenlyexclaimedoutsomethingthatcompletelycontradictedwhat

Ihadbeensaying.Iwasshockedandfeltalittleembarrassed.Itriedtoexplainmypointofview,

butOliviawasverystubbornandinsistedonherownidea.

Emily,whowassittingnexttome,triedtomediate(調(diào)節(jié))thesituation.ButOliviagot

angryandsaidsomeunkindwordstome.Iwashurtandangry,andIcouldn'tbelievethatOlivia

wouldtreatmelikethat.Istormedoutoftheclassroom,leavingEmilyandOliviabehind.

Thenextfewdayswereverydifficultforme.IavoidedOliviaasmuchaspossible,andour

friendshipwithEmilyseemedtobestressed.IfeltlikeIhadbeenbetrayedbyOlivia,andI

couldn,tunderstandwhyshewoulddosuchathing.

Oneday,IaskedEmilywhyshewasstillfriendswithOliviaafterwhatshehaddone.

Emilylookedatmewithasadexpressionandsaid,“Youknow,Oliviahasbeenthroughalot

lately.Herparentsaregoingthroughadivorce,andshe'sreallystruggling.Maybeshewasrudeto

youbecauseshewasfeelingoverwhelmedandinsecure.^^

Hearingthis,Ifeltasurgeofguilt.IrealizedthatIhadn'ttakenthetimetounderstand

Olivia'ssituation.Ihadbeentooquicktojudgeherandtoofocusedonmyownfeelingsofhurt.I

decidedtotalktoOliviaandapologizeformybehavior.

注意:

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

WhenIfoundOlivia,shewassittingaloneinthehallway.

Oliviaacceptedmyapologyandwehadalongconversation.

10.(2024?湖北?一模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭續(xù)寫兩段話,使之成一篇

完整的短文。

Proudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmatesbearing

bigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.Confused,Iglancedtowardmystonefacedteacher.

Havingnochoice,IslowlyraisedthereportIhadslavedover,hopingtohidemyself.t4Whatcould

becausingeveryonetoactthisway?”

Quickly,IflashedbacktothedayMissLancelotgavemethetask.Thiswasthefirstreal

talkIreceivedinmynewschool.Itseemedsimple:goontheInternetandfindinformationabout

amannamedGeorgeWashington.Sincemyideaofhistorycamefromanancientteacherinmy

homecountry,Ihadneverheardofthatnamebefore.AsIsearchedthenameofthisfellow,it

becameevidentthatthereweretwopeoplebearingthesamenamewholookedcompletely

different!Oneinventedhundredsofusesforpeanuts,whiletheotherledsomesortofarmyacross

America.Istaredatthescreen,wonderingwhichonemyteachermeant.Icalledmygrandfather

foragoldenpieceofadvice:flip(擲)acoin.Heads-thecommander,andtails-thepeanuts

gay.Ah!Tails,myreportwouldbeaboutthegreatmanwhoinventedpeanutbutter,George

WashingtonCarver.

Weekslater,standingbeforethisunfriendlymass,Iwastotallylost.Ohwell,Iloweredthe

paperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebegan

hisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,themanwhostartedthe

AmericanRevolution.^^

注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右;

2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。

Paragraph1:

Thewholeworldbecamequiet!HowcouldIknowthatshemeantthatGeorgeWashington?

Paragraph2:

Obviously,mygradewasawful.Heartbrokenbutfearless,Idecidedtoturnthisaround.

11.(2024.安徽合肥.三模)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)

成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIwasworking,Ihappenedtoheartwoofmyco-workerstalkingaboutagreat

collegeforpoorpeopleinVirginia.ItwasHamptonInstitute.Theschoolwasestablishedto

provideopportunitiesforpoorbutworthyapplicantswhocouldworkoutallorpartofthe

education,andatthesametimebetaughtsometradeorskills.Onhearingthenews,Idecidedat

oncetogotothatschool.

Ialwayswantedtogotocollege.ButwhenIgraduatedfromhighschooltwoyearsago,I

wastoldbymyparentsthattheycouldnotaffordt

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