（1）閱讀理解一2025高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)易混易錯(cuò)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題通常針對(duì)文章中敘述的人物、事物、現(xiàn)象或理論等進(jìn)行提問，題目難度不

大，題干中一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)表述較為具體的關(guān)鍵詞，考生在審題后可快速鎖定關(guān)鍵詞并在文章中

尋找相應(yīng)的細(xì)節(jié)描述。

有時(shí)候，雖然題干中提供了關(guān)鍵詞，但通過題目的提問方式我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，簡單地回文搜

索關(guān)鍵詞已不能滿足做題需求。這時(shí)，通過審題來幫助我們提前決定解題方式就很有必要

了。

1.直接細(xì)節(jié)題

此類試題是對(duì)原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答題。在原文中可直接找到答

案，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提問。此類試題選項(xiàng)多采用原文中的信

息直接進(jìn)行考查，不需要考生進(jìn)行推斷。做題時(shí)，考生可以在文章中找到與答案有關(guān)的直接

信息。此類試題一般不會(huì)涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文內(nèi)容認(rèn)真對(duì)比即可確

定答案。廣告、公告、演出信息、航班時(shí)間表等類別的文章，常涉及直接細(xì)節(jié)題。

2.間接細(xì)節(jié)題

需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在表達(dá)上的差異，有時(shí)需要

進(jìn)行加工或整理才能得出答案此類試題介于事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)不出現(xiàn)

原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同義轉(zhuǎn)換、概念解析、歸納事實(shí)等方法對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行變

換，然后再進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的推理或鑒別。

二、推理判斷題

推理判斷題是歷年高考英語的命題集中點(diǎn)，包括判斷和推理兩個(gè)方面，屬于深層理解

題，一般難度較高，得分率較低，其比例占30%?40%。從歷年的高考閱讀理解題來看，推理

判斷題一般可以歸納為五大題型：細(xì)節(jié)推斷題、文章的來源或讀者對(duì)象推斷題、寫作意圖

題、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。預(yù)計(jì)高考閱讀理解題中的推理判斷題仍將是考查的重點(diǎn)，應(yīng)

引起考生的重視。

1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題考查的內(nèi)容雖屬于原文的細(xì)節(jié)，但要求考生在原文基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章信息進(jìn)行分

析、理解、推斷，立足于已知推斷未知。解題原則是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答細(xì)節(jié)

推斷題時(shí)，首先要定位信息，通過尋讀，找到相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)；然后進(jìn)行字面理解，弄懂相關(guān)信

息點(diǎn)的字面意思；再進(jìn)行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；

由具體推抽象，由抽象推具體。然后做出符邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。細(xì)節(jié)推

斷題的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中尋找并確定推斷的依據(jù)，推斷出隱

藏的深層含義，要做到判斷有據(jù)、推斷有理。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷題

文章中作者對(duì)某人或某事的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、文章中涉及的人或組織機(jī)構(gòu)的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度是常考內(nèi)

容。在記敘文中，作者往往不直接提出觀點(diǎn)，考生在閱讀文章時(shí)要細(xì)心捕捉表達(dá)或暗示情感

態(tài)度的詞或短語，從而推斷出作者或文中人物的言外之意。

3.意圖目的推斷題

意圖目的推理判斷題要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，揣測作者的寫作意圖及運(yùn)用某種寫作手

法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文章陳述的事實(shí)，使讀者信服某種想

法或觀點(diǎn)。這種題型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同時(shí)要具備對(duì)作者闡述問題的方法進(jìn)

行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力。當(dāng)然，有時(shí)候也會(huì)考查考生推斷開展某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目的意圖，要通

過對(duì)事件的起因和事件發(fā)起人的愿望推斷出目的和意圖來。

4.文章出處或讀者對(duì)象推斷題

推斷文章出處和讀者對(duì)象的題目，首先要從文章的體裁和內(nèi)容著手，弄清文章的中心話

題，然后根據(jù)話題，確定文章來源和讀者對(duì)象。如：新聞、廣告應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙、網(wǎng)絡(luò)上；科

普類文章應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)雜志上或報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版塊上；對(duì)子女的教育話題的讀者對(duì)象應(yīng)該是父

母。

5.下文內(nèi)容或事件發(fā)展結(jié)果推斷題

此類題目要求考生根據(jù)語篇對(duì)事件可能的結(jié)局和下段可能涉及的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測。解這類

題目時(shí)，考生應(yīng)把握作者的寫作思路和文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)文章最后一段的描述做出合情

合理的預(yù)測。

三、主旨大意題

主旨大意題主要考查考生對(duì)全文的內(nèi)容或某一段的內(nèi)容加以合理地歸納，目的是檢查對(duì)

短文整體或某一段落的理解概括能力。該類題目是高考中的難點(diǎn)之一，也是區(qū)分度較大的題

目。主要考查：選擇最佳標(biāo)題；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。

此類題正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：通常不含細(xì)節(jié)信息和表示絕對(duì)意義的詞；能概括文章（或段

落）的全部內(nèi)容。干擾項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：以偏概全；選項(xiàng)過于籠統(tǒng)；選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是命題者杜撰的；選

項(xiàng)與主題無關(guān)。因?yàn)榭忌枰x完全文才能把握文章主題，所以在解答此類題時(shí)，考生不要

急于去找答案，不論它出現(xiàn)在什么位置都永遠(yuǎn)把主旨大意題作為最后一道題來做。在做完另

外幾道題后，無疑會(huì)有助于考生加深對(duì)整篇文章的理解。

四、詞義猜測題

1.依據(jù)定義推測詞義

在許多情況下，文章的作者估計(jì)某個(gè)詞一般讀者不熟悉，則會(huì)在文章中給出該詞的定義

或解釋。這種解釋可能是一種重復(fù)說明或定義。通過閱讀定義和解釋部分，讀者便可理解該

詞的基本含義。線索詞有that,which,is等。

2.依據(jù)同位語推測詞義

通常引出該詞同位語的詞或短語有or,thatis,inotherwords等，還有的同位語以括號(hào)或

破折號(hào)的形式出現(xiàn)。在這些標(biāo)記詞后考生可較易找到同畫線詞意義相同或相近的詞。

3.依據(jù)文章中的舉例推測詞義

在閱讀理解中，考生可以根據(jù)文章所舉的例子，從具體到一般，推斷出該生詞的意思。

4.依據(jù)對(duì)比關(guān)系或比較關(guān)系的詞語推測詞義

當(dāng)作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的事物之間有區(qū)別或?qū)αr(shí)，往往會(huì)運(yùn)用對(duì)比的手法，即運(yùn)用有對(duì)比關(guān)系的

詞語，例如反義詞，也可以暗示出生詞的含義。能體現(xiàn)對(duì)比關(guān)系或比較關(guān)系的詞匯很多，主

要有but,yet,however,while>unlike,instead,like,similarly,onthecontrary,Incontrast

t。等。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)中的分號(hào)也可表示對(duì)比。

5.依據(jù)構(gòu)詞法推測詞義

分析復(fù)合詞：如果一個(gè)生詞是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，可以從該詞的各

個(gè)部分的特定意思及聯(lián)系上下文推測出該詞的意思。考生同時(shí)要了解構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)。

6.依據(jù)上下文語境，通過對(duì)應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)或平行結(jié)構(gòu)中的同義詞、反義詞推測詞義

7.依據(jù)因果關(guān)系推測詞義

因果關(guān)系是一種常見的、行之有效的提供生詞詞義信息的邏輯關(guān)系。一定的原因會(huì)導(dǎo)致

一定的結(jié)果，某一結(jié)果總是由某種或某些原因引起的。作者在敘述原因的過程中就必然會(huì)把

詞或句子置于因果關(guān)系中。常見的表示因果關(guān)系的詞匯有since,as,because,for,so,

thus,consequently,therefore,hence,dueto,resultin,resultfrom,asaresult,forthis

reason,accordingly,sothat,so...that,such…that等。

8.利用上下文來推測詞義

Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuary

ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19

ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormore

opportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothe

festivities.

GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,.$11.95members,$13.95general

admission.

DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18

TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,

includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.

OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,,freeadmission.

FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4

OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesert

Courtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrom

bouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupby

localsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.

9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,.free.

YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7

MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskills

andknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,including

painting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.

MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt.,Mesa,,$93.

l.HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?

A.Bringafriend.B.Getamembership.

C.Joinatourgroup.D.Bookaticketonline.

2.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?

A.Havefreefood.B.Enjoyrealsnow.

C.Takeartclasses.D.Meetlocalartists.

3.Whicheventlaststhelongest?

A.ZooLights:GlowWild.B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.

C.FamilyFunWinterfest.D.YouthFineArtsCourses.

WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghow

naturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplants

andalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocess

couldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnature

andaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（2田菌）？Whichkindsoffishcan

eatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybe

hecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-

machine.

ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge（污泥）.First,he

constructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocal

pondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksand

waited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirown

ecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.

Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfood

andbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythat

treatedsewage（污水）from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machineto

cleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.

"Ecologicaldesign**isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.nLifeonEarthiskindofaboxof

sparepartsfortheinventor,"hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhafs

happening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair."

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.

C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.

5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?

A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.

C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheeco-machine.

6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?

A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.

C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.

7.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?

A.NaturecanrepairitselfB.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.

C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.

ABritishwomanwhowona$1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwill

usethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.

AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringabouta

classroomrevolution（變革）."Wearegoingtomakeachange,nshesaid."Pvestartedaprojectto

promotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools.0

Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort一whether

anupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.

ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelve

years."Pveseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby一

theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightupJshesaid."Weneedartistsmorethaneverinour

schools."

ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:"Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsinto

directcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedin

schools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.

HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationin

schoolswasnotjustanadd-on."Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityand

creativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwill

beourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenour

strengthforcenturies."

8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?

A.Makeamovie.B.Buildnewschools.

C.Runaproject.D.Helplocalmusicians.

9.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?

A.Itisparticularlydifficult.Bitincreasesartists*income.

C.Itopenschildren'smind.D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.

10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?

A.Moralprinciples.B.Interpersonalskills.

C.Creativeabilities.D.Positiveworldviews.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BringArtiststoSchoolsB.WhenHistoriansMeetArtists

C.ArtsEducationinBritainD.TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacher

LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape（風(fēng)景）canbequite

achallenge,mainlybecausethecomstatelacksgeographicalvariation.

AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,

sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,I

havetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina1O-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwitha

fewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongthe

way.

Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.Ioftenleaveearly

toseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingto

photograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfive

minutesbeforethebestmoment.

OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevifsLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurple

quartz（石英）rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchof

rocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelake

withthesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthe

sparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute（路線）soweendedupalmostmissing

thesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthe

limitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycould

havebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.

12.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?

A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.

B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.

C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.

D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecomfields.

13.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Propertimemanagement.B.Goodshootingtechniques.

C.Adventurousspirit.D.Distinctivestyles.

14.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'stripwithfriendstoDeviFsLake?

A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.

B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.

C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.

D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.

15.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevifsLake?

A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging.D.Comfdrting.

You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans-between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenterocean

ecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjamin

VonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,

forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled"Strawpocalypse",apairof10-fbot-tall

plasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteer

beachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChi

MinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（來源）

ofplasticpollution,buttheyVerecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemto

drinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthafs

partofVbnWong!sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.

Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（說明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,a

truckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic",VonWong

andagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogether

tolooklikethey'dbeendumped（傾倒）fromatruckallatonce.

VbnWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplastic

footprint.

16.WhatareVbnWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.

B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.

D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

17.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodemart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

18.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewersinparagraph4?

A.Calming.B.ShockingC.RefreshingD.Challenging.

19.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Artists1opinionsonPlasticsafety.

B.MediaInterestincontemporaryart.

C.Responsibilitydemandedofbigcompanies.

D.Oceanplasticstransformedintosculptures.

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Lefsstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.

ButwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitselfWhyisitthatsome

peoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.

Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.Ifssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthe

standardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidethe

club-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedby

others.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythan

boystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性另U）are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudy

foundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildren

whoare"really,reallysmart.nCanourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouraged

andgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.

Here!sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositioned

toseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocial

factors（因素）likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,

futuregeniusescomefromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力），andsimplegood

fortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."

2O.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors1standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.They'reunfair.B.They'reconservative.

C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.

21.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience!

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

22.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?

A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Acceptanceofvictors1concepts.D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.

23.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GeniusesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyForms

C.GeniusandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck

Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyou

believethatasinglebush（灌木叢）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeof

Britain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.

Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducinga

significantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuring

theirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotect

themselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunand

strongwinds.

Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,

neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants*waytopreventthe

spreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.To

surviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforest

isnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleaves

turnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.

Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.At

least80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrain

annually.Thisisrealrain-yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryif

thereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）of

largerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneed

ofrain.

24.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Theyproduceoxygen.B.Theycoveravastarea.

C.Theyarewellmanaged.D.Theyarerichinwildlife.

25.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?

A.HeavyrainsB.Bigtrees.C.Smallplants.D.Forestanimals.

26.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?

A.Formoresunlight.B.Formoregrowingspace.

C.Forself-protection.D.Forthedetectionofinsects.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Life-GivingRainforestsB.TheLawoftheJungle

C.AnimalsintheAmazonD.WeatherinRainforests

U.S.teensspendmorethaneighthoursadayonscreen,andthere'sgrowingconcernoverhow

socialmediamayaffecttheirmentalhealth.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatlimitingscreentimeto

aboutonehouradayhelpedanxiousteensfeelbetterabouttheirbodyimageandtheirappearance.

ThestudyarosefromthepersonalexperienceofHelenThai,adoctoralstudentinpsychologyat

McGillUniversity."WhatInoticedwhenIwasengaginginsocialmediawasthatIcouldn'thelpbut

comparemyself"Thaisays.Shewaswellawarethatsocialmediapostsoftenfeaturepolished,

airbrushedorfilteredimagesthatcanalterappearancesinanunrealisticway,butitstillaffectedher

negatively.

So,Thaiandateamofresearchersdecidedtotestwhethercuttingtimeonsocialmediaplatforms

includingInstagram,TikTokandSnapchatwouldimprovethebodyimage.Theyrecruitedafew

hundredvolunteers,allofwhomhadexperiencedsymptomsofanxietyordepression,whichcould

makethemvulnerabletotheeffectsofsocialmedia.Halfoftheparticipantswereaskedtoreduce

theirscreentimeto60minutesadayforthreeweekswhiletheotherhalfcontinuedtousesocial

mediawithnorestrictions,whichaveragedaboutthreehoursperday.

Theresearchersgavetheparticipantssurveysatthebeginningandendofthestudy,which

includedstatementssuchas'TmprettyhappyaboutthewayIlook."andnIamsatisfiedwithmy

weight."Amongthegroupthatcutsocialmediause,theoverallscoreonappearanceimprovedfrom

2.95to3.15ona5-pointscale.Thismayseemlikeasmallchange,butanyshiftinsuchashort

periodoftimeisstriking,theauthorssay.

"Thestudyisencouraging,butitonlyincludedpeoplewhohadsymptomsofanxietyor

depression.It'sworthevaluatingthisapproachwithothergroups,suchaspeoplewithoratriskof

eatingdisorders.Ifsalsopossiblethatthebenefitsofcuttingbackcouldextendmorebroadlyto

anyoneinthisagegroup,"saysPsychologistAndreaGraham,co-directoroftheCenterfor

BehavioralInterventionTechnologiesatNorthwesternUniversity.

28.WhatproblemmaysocialmediabringtoteenagersaccordingtoThai?

A.TheymaybecomeaddictedtotheInternet.

B.Theytendtobecomesensitivetoothers1comments.

C.Theymayhaveunrealisticexpectationsoftheirimage.

D.Theytendtocomparethemselveswiththeimagespostedonline.

29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparticipantsduringthestudy?

A.Theyscoredtheirappearancetwice.

B.Halfofthemstoppedusingsocialmedia.

C.Theyhopedtoimprovetheirbodyimage.

D.Mostofthemshoweddissatisfactionwiththeirweight.

3O.WhatdidGrahamthinkofthestudy?

A.Itwasagoodtrybuthadlimitations.

B.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.

C.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.

D.Itwasencouragingbuttheevidencewasunreliable.

31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowSocialMediaChangesTeenagers

B.HowtoHelpTeenagersLimitScreentime

C.ShorterScreenTime,BetterFeelingsonLook

D.LessAnxiety,BetterImage

答案以及解析

1.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19下的段落$11.95members,

$13.95generaladmission］會(huì)員價(jià)11.95美元，普通門票價(jià)13.95美元）可知,要買到ZooLights

show的折扣票,需成為會(huì)員。故選B。

2.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4下的段落OdySeaAquariuminthe

DesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnow

forthekidstoplayin.（位于沙漠的OdySeaAquarium正在其DesertCourtyard舉辦第三屆年度家

庭趣味冬季活動(dòng)，以真正的雪為特色，供孩子們玩耍）可知，在FamilyFunWinterfest可以享受真正

的雪。故選B。

3.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每段的小標(biāo)題"ZooLights:GlowWildJan.l-19（ZooLights:Glow

Wild,l月1日至1J19日），DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18（DowntownMesaFestival

oftheArts,1月4日至U18H）,FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4（FamilyFunWinterfest,1月4日）和Youth

FineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7（YouthFineArtsCourse,1月18日至U3月7日）可知,四個(gè)活動(dòng)中，

持續(xù)最長的是YouthFineArtsCourse。故選D。

4.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的explore、startedtowonder和第二段中的studying、went

backtoobserving>askingquestions可以推斷出，約翰,托德自孩童時(shí)代就喜歡探究和質(zhì)疑。故

選C。inquiring意為"愛探索的，好奇的"。故選C。

5.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。本題問的是John把污泥放進(jìn)水箱的目的。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知,

John決定建造一個(gè)生態(tài)箱（eco-machine）。第三段主要講述了John的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程（把污泥放進(jìn)水

箱里并觀察）。第四段描述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一這個(gè)生態(tài)箱里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成食物吃了。由此可推

斷出,John把污泥放進(jìn)水箱的目的是測試他研制的生態(tài)箱。故選Do

6.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題，考查寫作目的。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Fuzhou可定位到第五段。根據(jù)"Johnhas

takenonmanybigjobs"可知，John已經(jīng)承擔(dān)了很多大型工作。緊接著通過他的發(fā)明應(yīng)用于南

伯靈頓和福州的例子來說明他的想法在實(shí)踐中的應(yīng)用（application）。故選B。

7.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownways

toself-repair"可知John的研究依據(jù)是自然可以進(jìn)行自我修復(fù)。故選A。

8.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,

saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid.

"I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."（倫敦北部中學(xué)教師安德里

亞扎菲拉庫（AndriaZafirakou表示，她想掀起場課堂革命。我們將做出改變，她說。"我已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)

了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,以促進(jìn)我們學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)。"）可知,Zafirakou打算用自己的獎(jiǎng)金運(yùn)行一個(gè)項(xiàng)

目。故選C。

9.答案:A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshave

ingettingartistsofanysort一whetheranupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarinto

schoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.（許多學(xué)校很難讓任何類型的藝術(shù)家無論是當(dāng)?shù)貚渎额^

角的音樂家還是主要的電影明星一進(jìn)入學(xué)校，與孩子們一起工作并激勵(lì)他們，因此才有了這個(gè)項(xiàng)

目。）"可知,CraigMartin認(rèn)為，英國學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)尤其困難。故選A。

10.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependson

creativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.（這是絕對(duì)必要的。未來取決于創(chuàng)造力，而創(chuàng)造力取

決于年輕人。）"可知,Schama認(rèn)為學(xué)校教育應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)造力。故選C。

11.答案:A

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段"AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschool

teacher,"saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachangeshe

said."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschoolsJ（倫敦北部中學(xué)教師安

德里亞扎菲拉庫AndriaZafirakou表示，她想掀起一場課堂革命。我們將做出改變，她說。"我已

經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,以促進(jìn)我們學(xué)校的藝術(shù)教學(xué)。"）可知，文章講述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的

獎(jiǎng)金啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，將藝術(shù)家?guī)нM(jìn)學(xué)校，促進(jìn)藝術(shù)教學(xué)。故選A。

12.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題問的是作者是如何應(yīng)對(duì)中西部地區(qū)風(fēng)景攝影師所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的。the

challenge指的是第一段中的"thecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation(艾奧瓦州缺少地理差

異)"°再結(jié)合題干關(guān)鍵詞intheMidwest可定位到第二段。根據(jù)"Itendtotravelwithafewofmy

friendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.”可知,

作者通過去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村拍攝照片來應(yīng)對(duì)這一挑戰(zhàn)。故選Bo

13.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的thekey與第三段第一句中的decisive同義。根據(jù)"Beingatthe

rightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.”可知，在合適的時(shí)