湖北省荊荊襄宜四地七校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分評(píng)分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解Haveyourevertriedpodcasts(播客)?Ifyouwishtofeelhappier,orjustlearnrandomthings,clickhere.Herearesomeofthemostexcitingpodcastseriesthatcanhelpyouthroughyourlearningjourney.TenpercenthappierItwascreatedafterDanHarris,ajournalist,hadapanicattackonlivenationaltelevision.Thisledhimtotrymeditationtoheal.Duringthisjourney,hewrotethebook10%Happier,whichtalksaboutthestagesofhisdevelopment.Afterthebookbecameabest-seller,DanHarriscreatedthepodcast,invitingspecialguests,suchasmeditationteachersandscientiststotalkaboutpersonaldevelopment.DeliciouswaystofeelbetterEllaWoodwardisknownasawriterandbusinesswomanwhoownstheblog"DeliciouslyElla".Sheapproachesasensitivesubjectaboutourrelationshipwithfood.Thispodcastcanhelpyoufixyournegativefoodexperienceswithpositiveones,whichcanresultinenjoyingalltypesoffoodinmoderationandrespectingyourbody'snaturalhungercues.PowerhourSometimes,it'schallengingtoseeourtruevaluewithinourselves,whichstopsusfromimproving.Ifyou'vebeendownlately,youmaywanttocheckoutthispodcast."PowerHour"wascreatedbyAdrienneHerbert,awellnessprofessional.Shetalksaboutmotivation,trends,careerpathsandanythingaboutself-improvement.Professionalsareinvitedtodiscussimportantmatters.RoutinesandrutsSometimes,keepingyourhabitsinplacewhenlifeisputtingyoudownisnotthateasy."RoutinesandRuts"canhelpyoumakeasignificantchangeinyourlife.ThepodcastisproducedbyMadeleineDore,awriterwholikestoexplorehowwecanspendourdaysinabalancedwaythatincludesbothproductivityandrelaxation.Shealsohassomeinterestingguests.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．travelbrochure. B．Awebsite.C．Acourseplan. D．Ascientificreport.2．Whichpodcastistargetedatpeoplewhoareinterestedindietadvice?A．Powerhour. B．Tenpercenthappier.C．Routinesandruts D．Deliciouswaystofeelbetter.3．Whatdothefourpodcastshaveincommon?A．Theyarebasedonpopularbooks.B．Theyofteninvitefamousprofessionals.C．Theyareallcreatedbyexperiencedwriters.D．Theymaycontributetoourpersonalgrowth.閱讀理解ItishardtosayIwasarunneryearsago.ThelongestIhadeverrunwas5km.What'smore,Ididn'tlikerunning.NomatterhowhardItried,everysooftenIwouldfastenmyoldshoes,walkoutofthehousewithheavysteps,getlessthanamileinandwonderwhyIwasbothering,especiallywhentherearemanymoresatisfyingwaysofexercising.Beforelastsummer,Ihadnevertakenpartinanykindofraceatall.ButattheendofJuly,Icompletedatriathlon(三項(xiàng)全能)aftertwoweeks'training.Attheendofitcametherun—whichendedupmorelikeawalk.ThenIrealizedsomethingaboutitattractedme.TheextremelypainfulfunofdoingsomethingIhatedandwasunpreparedforturnedouttobeanexcitement.Thedifficultyfeltlikesomethingtotestmyabilities.WhenaninvitationoftheBerlinMarathondroppedontomydeskafewweeksafterthetriathlon,itfeltlikeachangeoffate.Afterthetriathlon,Ididn'tsayIshouldstartrunningatonce.WasitbecauseIhaterunning?Infact,incourseofrunningIenjoyedthejoyofexceedingmylimits.Ifeltnecessarytofindoutagainwherethoselimitsmightlie.SoIsaidyes.Trainingforamarathonoftentakesatleast20weeksormore.Thetrainingplanbecomessomethingtostopmeworryingwhentheraceseemstoofrightening.Thisworryfeelsimpossibletoavoid,butthereissomethingequallysureaboutthetrainingplan:ifIfollowit,thenIhavedoneeverythingIcan;ifIdoeverythingIcan,thenIwon'tregretwhatcomesattheend.4．Whataspectofthetriathlondrewthewriter?A．Thespecialfeelingoffacingachallenge.B．Thefunofwalkingtothefinishline.C．Theexcitementofwinningarace.D．Thetwo-weekpainfultraining.5．WhydidthewriteraccepttheinvitationoftheBerlinMarathon?A．Hewaseagertochangehisdestiny.B．Hewasn'tsupposedtostoprunning.C．Hewantedtorealizehisfullpotential.D．Hewaskeenontakingpartinanothertriathlon.6．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethewriter?A．Patientandpessimistic. B．Courageousanddetermined.C．Helpfulandpersistent. D．Energeticandchangeable.7．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Abadbeginningmakesabadending.B．Challengeourselvestolivewithoutregrets.C．Lifeisfullofchallengesthatcan'tbeavoided.D．Exerciseistothebodywhatreadingistothemind.閱讀理解InSilentSpring,abookthatshereferredtoasher"poisonbook",RachelCarsonrevealedthedamagingeffectsoftheabuseofchemicalpesticidesontheenvironment.ShefocusedmainlyontheinsecticideDDT,whichhadbeenconsidered"oneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofWorldWarII"foritsabilitytokillinsectsandwasroutinelyusedinhomesandoncrops.Carsoncalledformuchgreatercautionagainstthisgreatdiscovery.Thoughthescientificcommunityalreadyknewofthedangers,Carsonwasthefirsttomaketheinformationaccessibletoamassaudienceinherbook."Shewroteforthegeneralpublic,notthescientificcommunity,"saysLindaLear,authorofRachelCarson:WitnessforNature."Readers,includinghousewiveswhousedalotofthesechemicals,wereshockedatwhattheylearned."Thepublic'sfirsttasteofSilentSpringactuallycameinJune1962whenTheNewYorkerranthreeexcerpts(節(jié)選).Bythetimeitwaspublishedthatfall,itwasinsuchhighdemandthatitbecameaninstantbestseller.Asexpected,thereactionfromthechemicalcompanieswassevere.OneindustryspokespersondismissedCarson'sclaimsas"absurd".Othersaccusedherofbeingaterriblewoman.ThepresidentofthecompanythatmadeDDTsaidCarsonwrote"notasascientist,butasacrazydefenderofthebalanceofnature."Fortunately,Carsondecidedthepersonalriskswereworthit.Shortlyafterherbookwaspublished,PresidentKennedywasaskedataconferenceifthegovernmentwouldlookintothelong-termeffectsofpesticides.Heresponded,"Yes,andIknowtheyalreadyare.Ithink,particularly,ofcourse,sinceMissCarson'sbook."JustasWilliamSouder,authorofOnaFartherShore:TheLifeandLegacyofRachelCarson,says,"Carsonchangedtheconversationabouttheenvironment,thinkingofhumankindaspartofnature,notaboveit."8．WhomightbetheintendedreadersofSilentSpring?A．Environmentalists. B．Ordinarypeople.C．Scientists. D．Businessmen.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dismissed"meaninparagraph4?A．Criticized. B．Recognized. C．Abandoned. D．Praised.10．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Theprofitofhumanbeingsshouldcomefirst.B．SilentSpringenjoyedgreatpopularitybefore1962.C．CarsonwasthefirsttodiscoverthedangerofDDT.D．WilliamSouderthinkshighlyofCarsonandherbook.11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DDT:OneoftheGreatestDiscoveriesintheWorldB．RachelCarson:IntroducingReaderstotheNaturalWorldC．A"PoisonBook":AwakeningtheWorldtotheDangerofDDTD．SilentSpring:WinningtheApprovalofPeoplefromallWalksofLife閱讀理解Onekeyelementofhumanlanguageistheconnectionofwordswithmeanings.Scientistshadlongthoughtthatunlikeourwords,animalvocalizations(發(fā)出的聲音)wereinvoluntary,showingthefeelingsoftheanimalwithoutcommunicatinganyotherinformation.However,overthelastfortyyears,manystudieshaveshownthatdifferentanimalshavedifferentcallswithspecificmeanings.Interestingly,themostimpressivearebirds.Manybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcallsfordifferentpredators(捕食性動(dòng)物).Japanesetits,whichnestintreeholes,haveonecallthatcausestheiryoungtolowerdowntoavoidbeingpulledoutofthenestbycrows,andanothercallfortreesnakesthatsendstheyoungjumpingoutofthenestcompletely.Andblack-cappedchickadeeschangethenumberof"dees"intheircallstoindicatethesizeandthreatofpredators.Besidesalarmcalls,manybirdspeciesuserecruitmentcallsthatgatherothermembersoftheirspecies.Japanesetitsaddalarmcallstorecruitmentcallstocreateasortofcalltoarm,gatheringtheirpartnermemberstoattackanddriveoffapredator.Whenthebirdshearthiscall,theyapproachthecallerwhilescanningfordanger.ScientistsledbyProfessorToshitakaSuzukiofKyotoUniversitydiscoveredthattheorderofthecombinedcallsmatterstotheJapanesetits.WhenSuzuki'steamplayedarecorded"alarm+recruitment"calltotits,itgetsamuchstrongerresponsethana"recruitment+alarm"call.However,thiscouldsimplybeexplainedbythebirdsrespondingtothecombinedcallswithoutknowingthepartsofthecombination,butthescientiststriedtoclarifythisquestionfromdifferentangles.12．Whatdoweknowaboutanimalvocalizations?A．Theyareproducedunconsciously.B．Theylackmeaningfulinformation.C．Theyaredifficultforscientiststounderstand.D．Theyareconnectedwithparticularmeanings.13．Howdoesthewriterdevelopparagraph2?A．Bytheorderoftime. B．Bytheorderofspace.C．Byprovidingexamples. D．Bymakingcomparisons.14．What'sthereactionofJapanesetitstoapredator?A．Theyjumpoutoftheirnestsimmediately.B．Theychangethenumberof"dees"intheircalls.C．Theycombinealarmcallswithrecruitmentcalls.D．Theyapproachthepredatorwhilelookingfordanger.15．Whatwillthetexttalkaboutnext?A．Otherreasonsforthebirds'differentresponses.B．VarioushabitsandcharacteristicsofJapanesetits.C．Diversecombinationsofanimals'vocalizations.D．Theimportanceofthe"recruitment+alarm"call.二、七選五七選五Manyofusfantasizeaboutwakingupinahomeclosetonature.Butnowadaysthedreamseemsevenhardertofulfil.16．Besides,manypeopleareaddictedtotheInternetandcellphones,whichcontributestothehabitofstayingindoors.17．Astudyonnearly5000participantsfrom10countriessuggeststhere'sadirectrelationshipbetweenthetimespentinwilderplacesandthehappinessonefeels.18．Whateverwesee,hear,andexperienceoutsidecanleadtoamorerelaxedbodyandthusastateofhappiness.Recently,Covid-19hasforcedeveryonetochangetheirhabitsandlifestyles.Thevirusismoreinfectiousindoorsthanoutdoors,accordingtoscientists.Havingaccesstotheoutdoorsiscrucial,particularlyinthisunprecedentedperiod.19．It'spotentiallylifesaving.Theabilitytoconnectwithnatureandreapitsbenefitscanseemdifficult,butit'snotimpossible.20．Gonearthewater.Ourbrainslovethewater:lookingatit,andhearingitcanproducehappymoleculesthatonlynaturecansupply.Ifyoustillfindithardtogetclosetonature,youcansipyourwinebytheopenwindowtofeelnatureinyoursurroundings.Whateveritis,findsomethingtokeepyouconnectedwithnatureandgiveyourbrainanextraboost.A.It'snolongerjustfuntobeoutside.B.Theendlessworkkeepsusawayfromnature.C.Herearesomeeasywaystoconnectwithnature.D.However,gettingclosetonatureisofgreatbenefittous.E.Thelongerwestayoutdoors,themoresuccessfulwe'llbe.F.Asthetimeinnatureincreases,sodoesthelevelofhappiness.G.Togetbacktonature,wedon'tnecessarilyneedtowalkfivemiles.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空WhenIstartedmycompany,acustomerservicenumberwasputonthecompany'swebsitetobetterthecommunicationwithusers.Somehowitrarelyrang.Soweabandonedit.However,Ithoughtphonesupportwouldhavemadesense.So,lastyear,I21．puttinganotherservicenumberonourhomepage."Again?Wetriedthisbefore,butitdidn'twork!"theyresponded,casting22．onme."Butcompaniesevolve;circumstanceschange."Iargued.Latelastyear,Iconvincedmycompanytogiveitashot.Sowestartedatwo-week23．.Duringthefirstfewdays,thevolumeofcalls,aroundperday,wasnotmuchbut24．.Then,overthefollowingdays,thevolumeincreaseddramatically,which25．themall.Sosuccessfulwasitthatwefinallydecidedtoadopttheservicephonenumber26．.Thisexperienceremindedmeoftheelephant-and-ropestory.Babyelephantswere27．withasmallrope.Becausethey'retoo28．tobreakfreefromtherope,theygrowupbeingconditionedthattheropeisstrongerthantheyare.So,asadults,theythinktheycanstillbe29．bytherope.Inmycompany,thosewhothoughtwecouldn'tbecauseweonce30．werelikeababyelephantwhowaslivingwitha31．mindset.Theydrewaconclusionbasedonspecific32．,buttheyforgottoreviseitwhenthingschanged.Inbusiness,nottomentionlife,allsortsofinvisiblementalropesmayholdusback.Itresultsinmissedopportunitiesandwasted33．.Sodon'tholdontothe34．thatyoucan'tgroworlearnfrompastfailures.Allittakesis35．eyestoreexaminethesituation.21．A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．imagined C．enjoyed D．proposed22．A．a(chǎn)nnoyance B．fear C．doubt D．regret23．A．a(chǎn)ctivity B．trial C．procedure D．mission24．A．significant B．precise C．perfect D．common25．A．a(chǎn)mused B．frustrated C．a(chǎn)stonished D．pleased26．A．partly B．regularly C．naturally D．officially27．A．injured B．secured C．moved D．pulled28．A．small B．big C．fat D．short29．A．heldon B．heldback C．setfree D．setapart30．A．tried B．reflected C．persevered D．failed31．A．flexible B．complex C．fixed D．simple32．A．places B．conditions C．standards D．systems33．A．space B．strength C．money D．potential34．A．belief B．excuse C．a(chǎn)mbition D．information35．A．mature B．eager C．fresh D．optimistic四、短文填空短文填空What'sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstraw?Apileofwasteinafarmer'sfield?WuCui,36．intangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintobeautifulandeye-catchingfunctionalartworks.The37．(early)straw-woven(草編的)productswerediscoveredatHemuduCulturalRuinslocatedineasternChina'sZhejiangprovince.TheBookofRites,oneoftheclassicalworksofConfucianism,alsorecordsthatthere38．(be)matsmadeofcattailgrassandprofessionalstraw-weavingcraftsmenduringtheZhouDynasty.Wurecallsthat,whenshewasachild,wovenstrawitemscould39．(find)almostineveryhouseholdinthecountryside,mostof40．a(chǎn)redailyitemslikehats,shoesorbasketsmadefromstraw,orstrawartworksmodeledafterinsects.41．(fortunate),duetotheimpactofindustrialization,manufacturedgoodshavereplacedsuchproducts,andthereareonlyabout100individuals42．(involve)intheworkacrossthecountry."Strawweavingshouldwinthe43．(recognize)ofcustomersbyrespondingtopeople'spreferencesandneeds,whilestill44．(draw)inspirationfromtraditionalculture,"shesays.Hopefully,morepeoplewillunderstandtheculturebehindthetechniques,andmorecraftspeoplewilldevotethemselvestoitasacareer45．greatenthusiasm.五、書(shū)面表達(dá)46．五月一日是國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)。假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，請(qǐng)以"LaborCreatesHappiness"為題，為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)，呼吁同學(xué)們過(guò)一個(gè)有意義的勞動(dòng)節(jié)，內(nèi)容包括：

1.勞動(dòng)的意義；

2.具體建議(至少兩條)；

3.發(fā)出呼吁。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。LaborCreatesHappinessDearfellowstudents,TheStudentUnion六、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Onedayanelderly,barefootpostmanknockedonthedoorofahouseandsaid,"Yourletterscome."Assoonashesaidthis,alittlegirl'svoiceechoedfrominside,"I'mcomingnow.Pleasewait."But5minuteslater,nooneturnedup.Thepostmansaidagain,"Isthereanyonetotakeyourletter?Ihavemanyplacestogo..."Thegirlreplied,"Sorry,ifyouareinahurry,pleaseputtheletterunderthedoor.Iamcoming;itwilltakesomemoretime..."Theoldpostmanreplied,"No,Ihavetowait.It'saregisteredletter,sosomeone'ssignatureisneeded."Afterabout10minutes,thedoorfinallyopened.Hewasabouttoshoutatthegirlwhenhewasshockedtofindthatinfrontofhimwasalittle,leglessgirlonawheelchair.Thepostmanquietlygavehertheletter,tookhersignatureandleft.Thatday,hegothernameMelka.Melkaoftenlivedaloneduringthedaytime,ashermotherpassedawayandherfatherworkedfarawaywithonlyamaidtakingcareofherinthemorningandevening.Afterthatday,whenevermailscame,thepostmanwouldknockandthenwaitpatientlyatthedoor.Littlebylittle,interactionandclosenessgrewbetweenthem.Thepostmanknewthatthislonelygirlseldomwentoutandshewascrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.Melkaalsonoticedthatthepostmanalwayscamewithnoshoes.Onarainyday,whenthepostmanleftaftergivingthegirlherletter,hisfootprintswereleftonthewetsoil.Melkacameoutwithapieceofpaper,putitonthegroundandtookdownpicturesofthefeet.Diwali,knownasafestivaloflights,wasabouttocomeandpeoplewerebusypreparinggiftsfortheirfamilyandfriends.Thepostmanalsostartedthinkingthatheshouldn'tmeetthegirlemptyhanded.Aftermuchthought,hedecidedtogiveheraspecialpresent.Butduetohistightbudget,hehadfewchoices.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Suddenlyhethoughtofthewildflowersalongtheroadandanideastruckhim.Afterawhile,shereturnedwithabigbox.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四種有助于豐富自我、培養(yǎng)健康的生活方式的播客。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Haveyourevertriedpodcasts(播客)?Ifyouwishtofeelhappier,orjustlearnrandomthings,clickhere."你試過(guò)播客嗎？如果你想感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)，或者只是隨便學(xué)點(diǎn)東西，點(diǎn)擊這里。可推知，本文來(lái)自網(wǎng)站。故選B。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Deliciouswaystofeelbetter部分中的"Thispodcastcanhelpyoufixyournegativefoodexperienceswithpositiveones,whichcanresultinenjoyingalltypesoffoodinmoderationandrespectingyourbody'snaturalhungercues."這個(gè)播客可以幫助你用積極的食物體驗(yàn)來(lái)改變消極的食物體驗(yàn)，這可以讓你適度地享受所有類型的食物，并尊重你身體的自然饑餓信號(hào)。可知，Deliciouswaystofeelbetter是針對(duì)飲食建議感興趣的人的。故選D。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Herearesomeofthemostexcitingpodcastseriesthatcanhelpyouthroughyourlearningjourney."這里有一些最令人興奮的播客系列，可以幫助你完成你的學(xué)習(xí)之旅。可知，這四個(gè)博客都能幫助人成長(zhǎng)。故選D。【答案】4．A5．C6．B7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者參加三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)和馬拉松比賽的兩次經(jīng)歷和個(gè)人收獲。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"ThenIrealizedsomethingaboutitattractedme.TheextremelypainfulfunofdoingsomethingIhatedandwasunpreparedforturnedouttobeanexcitement.Thedifficultyfeltlikesomethingtotestmyabilities."然后我意識(shí)到它吸引了我。做一些我討厭且毫無(wú)準(zhǔn)備的事情帶來(lái)的極度痛苦的樂(lè)趣變成了一種刺激。難度感覺(jué)像是在考驗(yàn)我的能力。可知，作者在嘗試過(guò)一次三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)后意識(shí)到自己被自我挑戰(zhàn)的樂(lè)趣所吸引，雖然過(guò)程很痛苦，但是也很有趣，充滿刺激。故選A。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Infact,incourseofrunningIenjoyedthejoyofexceedingmylimits.Ifeltnecessarytofindoutagainwherethoselimitsmightlie.SoIsaidyes."事實(shí)上，在跑步的過(guò)程中，我享受到了超越極限的快樂(lè)。我覺(jué)得有必要再次找出這些界限可能在哪里。所以我答應(yīng)了。可知，作者在跑步的過(guò)程中，享受到了超越極限的快樂(lè)，他想要繼續(xù)超越自我，充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，所以答應(yīng)參加比賽。故選C。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thisworryfeelsimpossibletoavoid,butthereissomethingequallysureaboutthetrainingplan:ifIfollowit,thenIhavedoneeverythingIcan;ifIdoeverythingIcan,thenIwon'tregretwhatcomesattheend."這種擔(dān)憂似乎無(wú)法避免，但對(duì)于訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，有一點(diǎn)同樣是肯定的：如果我按照計(jì)劃去做，那么我就做了我能做的一切；如果我盡我所能，那么我不會(huì)后悔最后的結(jié)果。可知，作者想要突破極限，努力做好訓(xùn)練，不留遺憾。從而推斷作者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定，敢于挑戰(zhàn)自我的人。故選B。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"thereissomethingequallysureaboutthetrainingplan:ifIfollowit,thenIhavedoneeverythingIcan;ifIdoeverythingIcan,thenIwon'tregretwhatcomesattheend."但對(duì)于訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，有一點(diǎn)同樣是肯定的：如果我按照計(jì)劃去做，那么我就做了我能做的一切；如果我盡我所能，那么我不會(huì)后悔最后的結(jié)果。可知，作者認(rèn)同"挑戰(zhàn)自己，活得無(wú)怨無(wú)悔"的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了《寂靜的春天》這本書(shū)的內(nèi)容、重要意義，以及不同人對(duì)這本書(shū)的看法。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thoughthescientificcommunityalreadyknewofthedangers,Carsonwasthefirsttomaketheinformationaccessibletoamassaudienceinherbook."雖然科學(xué)界已經(jīng)知道了這些危險(xiǎn)，但卡森是第一個(gè)在她的書(shū)中向大眾提供信息的人；以及"‘Shewroteforthegeneralpublic,notthescientificcommunity,'saysLindaLear,authorofRachelCarson:WitnessforNature."《蕾切爾·卡森：自然見(jiàn)證者》一書(shū)的作者LindaLear說(shuō):"她是為普通公眾而不是科學(xué)界寫(xiě)的。"。可知，這本書(shū)的目標(biāo)讀者是普通民眾。故選B。9．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的"Asexpected,thereactionfromthechemicalcompanieswassevere."不出所料，化學(xué)公司的反應(yīng)非常激烈。可知化工公司的反應(yīng)非常激烈，所以下文對(duì)書(shū)和作者的看法應(yīng)該是否定的，可推知?jiǎng)澗€詞dismissed是"批判"之意，故選A。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"JustasWilliamSouder,authorofOnaFartherShore:TheLifeandLegacyofRachelCarson,says,‘Carsonchangedtheconversationabouttheenvironment,thinkingofhumankindaspartofnature,notaboveit.'"正如《在遙遠(yuǎn)的海岸：雷切爾·卡森的一生和遺產(chǎn)》一書(shū)的作者威廉·蘇德所說(shuō)，"卡森改變了人們對(duì)環(huán)境的看法，認(rèn)為人類是自然的一部分，而不是凌駕于自然之上。"。可知，WilliamSouder對(duì)Carson的評(píng)價(jià)很高，認(rèn)為她改變了關(guān)于環(huán)境的話題。故選D。11．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"InSilentSpring,abookthatshereferredtoasher‘poisonbook',RachelCarsonrevealedthedamagingeffectsoftheabuseofchemicalpesticidesontheenvironment.ShefocusedmainlyontheinsecticideDDT,whichhadbeenconsidered‘oneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofWorldWarII'foritsabilitytokillinsectsandwasroutinelyusedinhomesandoncrops."在《寂靜的春天》這本被雷切爾·卡森稱為"毒書(shū)"的書(shū)中，她揭露了濫用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞性影響。她主要關(guān)注殺蟲(chóng)劑滴滴涕，它被認(rèn)為是"第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中最偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一"，因?yàn)樗袣⑾x(chóng)的能力，經(jīng)常用于家庭和農(nóng)作物。"可知，本文重點(diǎn)介紹了Carson的《寂靜的春天》一書(shū)的內(nèi)容和重要意義，以及人們對(duì)這本書(shū)的不同看法，該書(shū)將近代污染對(duì)生態(tài)的影響透徹地展示在讀者面前，給予人類強(qiáng)有力的警示，Carson將此書(shū)稱作"PoisonBook"，所以"一本"毒書(shū)"：?jiǎn)拘咽澜缱⒁釪DT的危險(xiǎn)"概括了全文主題，適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選C。【答案】12．D13．C14．C15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了關(guān)于鳥(niǎo)類語(yǔ)言的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥(niǎo)類語(yǔ)言也有含義，并且語(yǔ)言順序也很重要。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"However,overthelastfortyyears,manystudieshaveshownthatdifferentanimalshavedifferentcallswithspecificmeanings."然而，在過(guò)去的四十年里，許多研究表明，不同的動(dòng)物有不同的叫聲和特定的含義。可知，動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音是有特定含義的，故選D。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段"Manybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcallsfordifferentpredators(捕食性動(dòng)物)."許多鳥(niǎo)類對(duì)不同的捕食者發(fā)出不同的警報(bào)。可知本段將介紹許多鳥(niǎo)類對(duì)不同的捕食者使用不同的警報(bào)，后文作者舉例Japanesetits以及black-cappedchickadees的語(yǔ)言和行為說(shuō)明此觀點(diǎn)，故選C。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Japanesetitsaddalarmcallstorecruitmentcallstocreateasortofcalltoarm,gatheringtheirpartnermemberstoattackanddriveoffapredator."日本山雀在招募呼叫中增加了警報(bào)呼叫，以制造一種武裝呼叫，召集伙伴攻擊并趕走捕食者，可知日本山雀在招募叫聲中加入了警報(bào)叫聲來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)捕食者，故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"However,thiscouldsimplybeexplainedbythebirdsrespondingtothecombinedcallswithoutknowingthepartsofthecombination,butthescientiststriedtoclarifythisquestionfromdifferentangles"然而，這可以簡(jiǎn)單地解釋為鳥(niǎo)類對(duì)組合叫聲的反應(yīng)，而不知道組合的組成部分，但科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D從不同的角度來(lái)澄清這個(gè)問(wèn)題。可推知，下文將繼續(xù)介紹關(guān)于鳥(niǎo)類語(yǔ)言相關(guān)的研究，科學(xué)家們將從其他角度來(lái)分析這個(gè)問(wèn)題，即探索鳥(niǎo)類有不同反應(yīng)的背后原因，故選A。【答案】16．B；17．D；18．F；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了接近大自然能讓人們感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)，以及一些接近大自然的方法。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Manyofusfantasizeaboutwakingupinahomeclosetonature.Butnowadaysthedreamseemsevenhardertofulfil."我們中的許多人都幻想著在一個(gè)接近大自然的家中醒來(lái)。但如今，這個(gè)夢(mèng)想似乎更難實(shí)現(xiàn)了；以及空后"Besides,manypeopleareaddictedtotheInternetandcellphones,whichcontributestothehabitofstayingindoors."此外，許多人沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)和手機(jī)，這導(dǎo)致了宅在家里的習(xí)慣。可知，此處是在講述了在一個(gè)接近大自然的家中醒來(lái)這個(gè)夢(mèng)想更難實(shí)現(xiàn)了的原因，B.Theendlessworkkeepsusawayfromnature."無(wú)休止的工作使我們遠(yuǎn)離大自然"承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。17．根據(jù)空后"Astudyonnearly5000participantsfrom10countriessuggeststhere'sadirectrelationshipbetweenthetimespentinwilderplacesandthehappinessonefeels."一項(xiàng)對(duì)來(lái)自10個(gè)國(guó)家的近5000名參與者進(jìn)行的研究表明，在荒野中度過(guò)的時(shí)間與人們感受到的幸福感之間存在直接關(guān)系。介紹了親近自然的好處。此處應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折，介紹不能親近自然的原因，D.However,gettingclosetonatureisofgreatbenefittous."然而，親近自然對(duì)我們有很大的好處"符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。18．根據(jù)空前"Astudyonnearly5000participantsfrom10countriessuggeststhere'sadirectrelationshipbetweenthetimespentinwilderplacesandthehappinessonefeels."一項(xiàng)對(duì)來(lái)自10個(gè)國(guó)家的近5000名參與者進(jìn)行的研究表明，在荒野中度過(guò)的時(shí)間與人們感受到的幸福感之間存在直接關(guān)系；以及空后"Whateverwesee,hear,andexperienceoutsidecanleadtoamorerelaxedbodyandthusastateofhappiness."無(wú)論我們?cè)谕饷婵吹健⒙?tīng)到和體驗(yàn)到什么，都能讓我們的身體更放松，從而達(dá)到一種幸福的狀態(tài)。可知，接下來(lái)應(yīng)該講述這種關(guān)系的具體情況，F(xiàn).Asthetimeinnatureincreases,sodoesthelevelofhappiness."隨著在大自然中的時(shí)間增加，幸福程度也會(huì)增加"承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。19．根據(jù)空前"Recently,Covid-19hasforcedeveryonetochangetheirhabitsandlifestyles.Thevirusismoreinfectiousindoorsthanoutdoors,accordingtoscientists.Havingaccesstotheoutdoorsiscrucial,particularlyinthisunprecedentedperiod."最近，新冠肺炎迫使每個(gè)人改變自己的習(xí)慣和生活方式。據(jù)科學(xué)家稱，這種病毒在室內(nèi)比在室外更具傳染性。戶外活動(dòng)是至關(guān)重要的，尤其是在這個(gè)前所未有的時(shí)期；以及空后"It'spotentiallylifesaving."這可能會(huì)挽救生命，可知，此處和空后的句子是在對(duì)本段做總結(jié)，A.It'snolongerjustfuntobeoutside."外出不再只是為了好玩"和后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。20．根據(jù)空前"Theabilitytoconnectwithnatureandreapitsbenefitscanseemdifficult,butit'snotimpossible."與自然聯(lián)系并從中獲益的能力似乎很難，但并非不可能；以及空后"Gonearthewater.Ourbrainslovethewater:lookingatit,andhearingitcanproducehappymoleculesthatonlynaturecansupply.Ifyoustillfindithardtogetclosetonature,youcansipyourwinebytheopenwindowtofeelnatureinyoursurroundings."去靠近水的地方。我們的大腦喜歡水:看著它，聽(tīng)著它，可以產(chǎn)生只有大自然才能提供的快樂(lè)分子。如果你仍然覺(jué)得難以親近自然，你可以在敞開(kāi)的窗戶邊啜飲葡萄酒，感受周?chē)淖匀弧？芍颂幨窃诮榻B親近自然的方法，C.Herearesomeeasywaystoconnectwithnature."這里有一些與大自然親近的簡(jiǎn)單方法"符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【答案】21．D；22．C；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．D；27．B；28．A；29．B；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．D；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，講述了作者在第一次使用客服電話失敗后，又做出第二次嘗試的故事。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：所以，去年，我提議在我們的主頁(yè)上增加一個(gè)服務(wù)號(hào)碼。A.admitted"承認(rèn)"；B.imagined"想象"；C.enjoyed"享受"；D.proposed"提議"。根據(jù)上文"Ithoughtphonesupportwouldhavemadesense"可知，作者認(rèn)為服務(wù)電話非常有必要，所以提議再次開(kāi)通客服電話，故選D。22．句意："再一次？我們以前試過(guò)這個(gè)，但是沒(méi)有用！"他們回答說(shuō)，對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了懷疑。A.annoyance"惱怒"；B.fear"害怕"；C.doubt"懷疑"；D.regret"后悔"。根據(jù)空前"Again?Wetriedthisbefore,butitdidn'twork!"可知，他們對(duì)作者的提議持有懷疑的態(tài)度，故選C。23．句意：所以我們開(kāi)始了為期兩周的試驗(yàn)。A.activity"活動(dòng)"；B.trial"試驗(yàn)"；C.procedure"程序"；D.mission"任務(wù)"。根據(jù)上文"Iconvincedmycompanytogiveitashot"可知，在作者的極力勸說(shuō)下，大家同意嘗試一下，所以開(kāi)始了為期兩周的試驗(yàn)，故選B。24．句意：在最初的幾天里，每天打來(lái)的電話大約是20個(gè)左右，數(shù)量不多但卻十分有意義。A.significant"顯著的，有意義的"；B.precise"準(zhǔn)確的"；C.perfect"完美的"；D.common"普遍的，共同的"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，試驗(yàn)的前幾天，電話的數(shù)量不多但卻十分有意義。故選A。25．句意：然后，在接下來(lái)的幾天里，電話量急劇增加，這使他們都感到驚訝。A.amused"逗樂(lè)"；B.frustrated"使沮喪"；C.astonished"使驚訝"；D.pleased"使高興"。根據(jù)空前"thevolumeincreaseddramatically"可知，隨后幾天里，打來(lái)的電話數(shù)量急劇增加，這讓那些之前質(zhì)疑作者的人十分驚訝，故選C。26．句意：由于非常成功，我們最終決定正式采用這個(gè)服務(wù)電話號(hào)碼。A.partly"部分地"；B.regularly"有規(guī)律地"；C.naturally"自然地"；D.officially"正式地"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，整個(gè)試驗(yàn)是如此成功以至于作者最終決定正式使用這個(gè)服務(wù)電話，故選D。27．句意：幼象被一根小繩子拴住。A.injured"受傷"；B.secured"拴住"；C.moved"移動(dòng)"；D.pulled"拉"。根據(jù)下文"Becausethey'retoo8tobreakfreefromtherope"可知，幼象從小就被一根繩子拴著。故選B。28．句意：因?yàn)樗鼈兲。瑹o(wú)法掙脫繩子，它們?cè)诔砷L(zhǎng)過(guò)程中就習(xí)慣于繩子比它們強(qiáng)壯。A.small"小的"；B.big"大的"；C.fat"胖的"；D.short"矮的"。根據(jù)上文"Babyelephants"及空后"theropeisstrongerthantheyare."可知，幼象從小就被一根繩子拴著，因?yàn)槟昙o(jì)小而無(wú)法掙脫，故選A。29．句意：所以，成年后，它們認(rèn)為自己仍然可以被繩子束縛。A.heldon"繼續(xù)"；B.heldback"阻止，扣住"；C.setfree"釋放"；D.setapart"使與眾不同"。根據(jù)上文"theropeisstrongerthantheyare"及空前的"still"可知，幼象因?yàn)槟昙o(jì)小而無(wú)法掙脫，然而當(dāng)它們長(zhǎng)大后卻仍然認(rèn)為繩子比自己強(qiáng)壯而不去掙扎，最終認(rèn)為繩子仍然可以扣住自己。下文"allsortsofinvisiblementalropesmayholdusback."也是提示，故選B。30．句意：在我的公司里，那些因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)?jīng)失敗過(guò)就認(rèn)為我們做不到的人就像小象一