2025屆陜西省高考英語適應(yīng)性檢測（二）英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）Inournewestexhibit,ScienceforEveryone,we’rethrilledtoofferinteractiveexperiencesthatareasengagingasenlightening.Let’stakeacloserlookanddiscoverhowtheyrethinktheirperceptionsofSTEM.BECCAPEIXOTTOarchaeologistIlovedvisitingmygrandparents’oldfarmhouseinVermontandfindingthingsthepreviousownershadleftbehindintheearly1800s.Icametoarchaeologyinaprettyroundaboutway.Istartedcollegestudyingengineering.WhenItookmyfirstarchaeologycourse,itwaslikealightbulbturnedon!It’sexcitingtofindanartifactburiedforhundredsofyearsandthinkaboutthelifeofthepersonwhohelditlast.JESSICAFAGERSTROMmedicalphysicistIworkinafieldthatappliesconceptsinphysicsandengineeringtoquestionsinmedicine.Ihelptreatpatientswhohavecancer,usingradiation.Myjobistomakesurethattheradiationisdeliveredsafelyandeffectively.IlovemyjobbecauseIgettousefascinatingscienceandcutting-edgetechnology,tohelpsickpeoplefeelbetter.GRACIEERMIcomputerscientistIwritecodetoaidwildlifeconservation.WhenIfirstgraduated,Iwantedtofindajobthatwouldmakeadifference!Atthetime,Iwouldn’thavecalledmyselfasaconservationist,butIdefinitelywouldnow.Iworkontechnologythatcanlookatapictureofawhaleandautomaticallyperformahealthcheckupwithoutdisturbingtheanimalatall.1．WhatmadeBeccaPeixottointerestedinarchaeology?A．Herinterestinphysics.B．Familyhistoryinarchaeology.C．Acourseshetookduringcollege.D．Directinfluencefromhergrandparents.2．HowdoesJessicaFagerstromhelppatients?A．Bystudyingengineering.B．Bywritingcomputerprograms.C．Byreconstructinghistoricalartifacts.D．Bydeliveringradiationsafelyandeffectively.3．Whatdothethreepeoplehaveincommon?A．Theyallfocusontechnologydevelopment.B．TheyareallinspiredbyScienceforEveryone.C．Eachonehasaprimaryinterestinmedicaltreatment.D．Theyapplytheirskillstobenefitsocietyinvariousways.LongHaifen,fromamountainousvillageinGuizhouprovince,isnowafreshmanatHuazhongAgriculturalUniversity(HZAU).Ordinaryasshemayseem,sherepresentsthestrongbondbetweenherhometownandtheuniversity,aswellasthetransformativepowerofeducationandsympathy.InJuly2002,XuBenyu,thenajuniorstudentatHZAU,volunteeredtoteachintheruralareasofGuizhou.Thefollowingyear,hegaveuppostgraduatestudiesandreturnedthere,teachingattwoschoolsfortwoyears,includingLong’selementaryschool.In2005,HZAUestablishedthe“BenyuVolunteerServiceTeam”,engagingstudentsannuallytocontinueprovidingeducationalsupport.In2017,the19thvolunteergroup,includingCaoYuanyuanandLiZongqing,arrivedatLong’sschool,WeiminElementarySchool,whichhad174studentsfromkindergartentosixthgradebutonlysixclassrooms.Theschoolwasseverelyunderstaffed.CaohadtoteachfoursubjectswhileLimanaged23classesperweek.Longandherclassmatescherishedtheopportunitytolearnandworkeddiligently.ThevolunteersnotonlytaughtknowledgetoLongbutalsodevelopedherpersonalgrowth.Theyencouragedhertodeliverspeechesattheschool’sflag-raisingceremonies,helpingtobuildherconfidence.Theyalsobroadenedherviewsbeyondthemountains.InAugust2017,LongparticipatedinaneducationaltriptoBeijingorganizedbythevolunteers,whichstrengthenedhercouragetostudyoutsidethemountainsandhaveaccesstobettereducationalresourcesandawiderworld.Unfortunately,in2020,herfatherwasinvolvedinacaraccident,placingthefamilyinfinancialdifficulty.Hearingthis,thevolunteersquicklyraisedenoughmoney,ensuringLong’sfollowingeducation.Alltheseeffortspaidoff.LongwasadmittedtoHZAU.Lookingahead,Longisexcitedtowelcomecollegelife.Shehopestogivebacktosocietyandbecomeavolunteerlikeherteachersandhelpmorechildrenplanttheseedstogrowandthrive.4．WhatcanbelearnedaboutXuBenyu?A．HecompletedhisMaster’sdegreelater.B．HefoundedBenyuVolunteerServiceTeam.C．HeoncetaughtLongHaifenintheyear2002.D．HevolunteeredinGuizhouforovertwoyears.5．WhatdidLong’sschoolbadlyneedin2017?A．Enoughschoolteachers.B．Moreregisteredstudents.C．Improvementinteaching.D．Moreclassroomsandgrades.6．WhatledLongHaifentogotouniversity?A．HZAU’ssympathyandattractionforher.B．Encouragementandhelpfromthevolunteers.C．Herfamilybackgroundandlearningcondition.D．Herconfidenceandeagernesstoleaveherhome.7．Whatcanweknowaboutfromthelastparagraph?A．Moreseedswillgrowintoplants.B．SocietywillsupportLong’sfuturelife.C．Longwillworkasavolunteerteacher.D．Longwillstruggletolearninthecollege.Artificialfooddyeisanadditiveusedtocoloraproduct.“Thedyeisartificialifitoriginatesfromanonfoodsource,”explainsJamieAlan,PhD,anassociateprofessorofpharmacologyandtoxicologyatMichiganStateUniversity.“Forexample,reddyeNo.40ismadefrompetroleumproducts.”Bycomparison,naturalfooddyes“arethosethatareextractedfromplantsoranimaltissues,”saysFranciscoDiez-Gonzalez,PhD,professoranddirectoroftheCenterforFoodSafetyattheUniversityofGeorgia.Agrowingbodyofresearchhaslinkedartificialfooddyes,especiallyRedNo.40,tomanyhealthissues.“Thereisdatainanimalsthatsomeofthesedyesmaycausecancer,”Alansays.“Whilethereiscertainlythepotentialtocausecancer,therehaven’tbeenanyhumanstudieswithdefinitivedatatosupportthis.”Butstudiesonhumansdoshowthatsomedyescanincreasecertainbehaviors—especiallyinkids—likehyperactivity.“Somechildrenaremoresensitivethanotherchildren,andsometimesevenasmalldosecancausetheseeffects,”Alansays.A2021reportanalyzeddatafromstudiesonbothanimalsandhumanswhowereexposedtofooddyes.Thereportincluded“challengestudies”forwhichchildrenweregivendyesandobservedtoseehowtheyreactedafterward.In16ofthe25studiesofthereport,therewasalinkbetweenchildrentakingthedyesandhavinghyperactivityandotherneurobehavioral(神經(jīng)行為學(xué)的)problemsafterward.A2022mousestudyfoundthatRedNo.40andRedNo.17couldcauseinflammatoryboweldiseaseswhilea2023studyonmicelinkedRedNo.40toDNAdamageandcolonicinflammation.Somepeoplemayalsoexperience“allergy-like(像過敏一樣)signs”fromhavingthesedyes,Die-Gonzalezsays.ButDiez-Gonzaleznotesthatit’simportantforpeopletobeawarethatmoreresearchisneeded.“Thecancerconcernsmostlyoriginatefromanimalstudiesthatoftenuseverylargeexperimentaldoses,”hesays.“Forseveralofthosedyes,theevidenceofaharmfuleffecthasnotbeenconclusive.”8．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Someartificialfooddyescausehumanscancer.B．Dyesfromplantsandanimalsaremorepopular.C．Artificialfooddyescanbeobtainedmoreeasily.D．PossiblyRedNo.40canresultinhealthproblems.9．Whyis“challenge”usedinparagraph3?A．Scientistscouldn’tfindenoughevidence.B．Carryingoutexperimentstooktoomuchtimeandmoney.C．Experimentsonhumansweremorecomplexthanonanimals.D．Scientistswerenotwillingtodosuchexperimentsonchildren.10．WhatdoDie-Gonzalez’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Miceareallergictoartificialfooddyes.B．Studiesaboutartificialfooddyesonhumansarenotadequate.C．Redartificialfooddyesarethekeyfactorleadingtomousecancer.D．Onlybybeingtakenlargedosescanartificialfooddyesdoharmtohumans.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Variousopinionsaboutartificialfooddyes.B．Experimentsonmiceaboutartificialfooddyes.C．Theresearchaboutsafetyofartificialfooddyes.D．TheconnectionbetweencancerandRedNo.40.Ararelunarcrystalfoundonthenearsideofthemoonisgivingscientistshopeofprovidinglimitlesspowerfortheworldforever.Thelunarcrystalismadeofmaterialpreviouslyunknowntothescientificcommunityandcontainsakeyelementforthenuclearcombinationprocess,aformofpowergenerationthatusesthesameforcesthatfueltheSunandotherstarsintheuniverse.Thecrystalwasfoundinlunarbasalt(玄武巖)smallpiecescollectedfromthemoonin2020andmakesChinathethirdcountrytodiscoveranewlunarmineral,behindtheUSandtheformerSovietUnion.TheChinesemoonmissionlandedinOceanusProcellaruminDecember2020andhasbeenthefirstlunarsamplereturnmissionsincethe1970s.Morethan1.7kgoflunarsampleswerecollectedanddeliveredsafelytoEarth.Thecrystalisclearandroughlythewidthofasinglehumanhair.Itformedinaregionofthe-moonthatwasvolcanicallyactivearound1.2billionyearsago.Oneoftheprimaryingredientsfoundinthiscrystalishelium-3,whichscientistsbelievemayprovideastablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.TheelementisincrediblyrareonEarth,butitseemstobefairlyprevalentonthemoon.Althoughitistooearlyforscientiststohavemadeanyfinancialestimatesonsuchafuelsource,itwillundoubtedlybeextremelycostly:Thereis,ofcourse,thematterofbringingthecrystalsbackfromthemoon,especiallyinthelargeamountsthatareneededtofuelfusionreactors.12．Whyisdiscoveringhelium-3significant?A．Itprovidesapotentialstablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.B．Itindicatesthepossibilityofutilizingsolarenergydirectlyfromthesun.C．Itoffersamethodforconvertinglunarbasaltdirectlyintoelectricalenergy.D．Itsuggeststhatcoalreservescouldberefilledthroughlunarresources.13．Whatdowelearnaboutthelunarcrystal?A．Itprovidesfueltothesunandotherstars.B．Itwasfoundfromthefarsideofthemoon.C．Itwastakentotheearthbythreecountries.D．Itwasthefirstsampletakenfromthemoon.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprobablymeaninparagraph4?A．Transparent. B．Valuable.C．Common. D．Powerful.15．Whyisitextremelycostlytoutilizehelium-3asafuelsource?A．Becauseitisprohibitedbytheinternationallaws.B．Becauseitdemandslargeamountsofcrystalsfromthemoon.C．Becauseitrequiresthedevelopmentofentirelynewtypesoffusionreactors.D．Becauseitinvolvescomplexandexpensiveprocessestoextracthelium-3fromthecrystal.Lifeisfilledwithnumerousvictoriesanddownfalls.16Mayitbeyourlovelifeoraseriouslifestruggle,wemustlearntomoveon.Here’showyoucancreateanewchapterinyourlife.Drawalinementally.Lifeisgoingtothrowalotofproblemsyourway.Youneedtobementallypreparedforeachandeverysituation.Youmightfindyourselfinthesameknots,inthesamerottingcompany,andinthesamedeadends.Whatyoucandointhiskindofsituationisdrawamentalline.17Learnfromothers.Thereisonecommonmistakethatmanyofusmakewhendealingwithaproblemorsituation.Weneedn’ttrytogothroughallofitonourownbutlearnfromothers.Whenwetalkaboutothers,Irefertothepeoplethatyouareclosewith.18Humansaresocialbeingsandwehavetointeractwitheachothertoupliftourspirit.Tryeverythinginyourhands.Howcanyoumoveonfromastruggleuntilandunlessyouhavetriedeverythinginyourhands?Sometimeswemightfeelthatwehavetriedoutsomuchandstillnothingisworkingoutforus.19Iwouldsaythisonethingtoyou.Givingupiseasy,butcontinuingwiththepainishardbutworthit.20Inordertogetoutofastruggleorstickysituation,youhavetodosomethingreasonable.Well,mostpeoplegetbusydoingthethingsthatdon’tgetthemanywhere.Instressfulsituations,peopleself-inflictpainontothemselves.Forexample,manypeopleresorttoalcoholorsmokingtorelievethestress,whichjustkillsthemslowly.A．Dowhatactuallyworks.B．Leavethetoughsituationbehind.C．IknowthatsituationasIhavebeenthere.D．Thesecouldbeyourfamilyandclosefriends.E．Whatmattersishowyoutackleeachsituation.F．Thislinewillhelpyoumarkyourfuturedecisions.G．Awarmandencouragingtonewillhelpyououtverymuch.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Asateenager,Iwasexcellentatmath.ButwhenIenteredHighSchool,IhadtostudyAlgebra.Allofasudden,everythingwasso21.Learningitseemedlikeknockingmy22againstthewall.IthoughtIwouldnevercomprehend,utilizeit,orhavetheneedforit.Yearslater,Iwasengagedinaminimumwagejob,23tosupportmyyoungfamily.Oneday,I24myself10dollarsremaininguntilthenextpayday.Thepetroltankofmyshabbycarwasalsoempty,soI25ataconveniencestoreandfilled5dollars’worthofpetrolinthetank.WhileIwasaboutto26topay,Inoticedthefemaleinfrontofmedesperately27inherpursetofindsufficient28topayfor2gallonsofdairyproduct.Foraninstant,29heldbackmyheart,butthenIsteppedforwardandlaiddownmylast5dollarstoassistheringettingthe30.AsIleftthe31,Iwascompletelypenniless,butmyheartfelt32andstillseemedlikethe33manintheworld.Itdidn’tmakesenseintermsofmathematics.MaybeIdidn’tneedtounderstanditbutjustenjoyit.LifeandlovearemuchlikeAlgebra.Theycanbea34thatweneverfullycomprehend.Thetruthisthatthemorewesharethem,themorethey35withinus.21．A．extraordinary B．a(chǎn)bsurd C．easy D．a(chǎn)bstract22．A．head B．leg C．back D．feet23．A．determining B．struggling C．preparing D．promising24．A．found B．made C．earned D．presented25．A．pulledout B．pulledoff C．pulledup D．pulleddown26．A．stop B．stay C．get D．queue27．A．filling B．going C．seeking D．breaking28．A．cash B．offer C．cards D．lists29．A．generosity B．selfishness C．selflessness D．kindness30．A．gas B．money C．car D．milk31．A．woman B．line C．store D．car32．A．full B．empty C．broken D．surprised33．A．happiest B．poorest C．smartest D．wealthiest34．A．subject B．mystery C．problem D．skill35．A．see B．take C．expand D．exchange三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiondanceroarswithsharedvaluesThepowerfulpeople-to-peoplebondsbetweenChinaandMalaysiatakemanyexpressionsconsideringtherangeofshared36(culture)andtraditionalvaluesbetweenthetwonations.TheMalaypeoplehavetakengreatinterestintheliondance,atradition37emergedoverathousandyearsagoinChinaandhasmanyadmirersinmodernMalaysia.Amongthem38(be)AdzwinFaizal,apetiteyoungwoman,whoisapartofthelocallyrenownedYongJunLionDanceAssociation.“Inearliergenerations,itwasdifficultforpeoplefromotherethnicgroupsandwomen39(learn)liondance,butthingshavechanged.The40(unique)andinclusivenessofliondancehaveallowedustobuildafamilyhere,”herliondancemastersaid.TheliondanceinMalaysiasharesitsrootswiththeChineseliondance,41(specific)fromthesouthernliondancestyle.ItarrivedinMalaysiawithChineseimmigrantsandtookroot.Initially,theliondance42(perform)duringChinesefestivalsandcelebrations,but43theblendingofMalaysia’sethnicities(種族)andcultures,itgraduallycrossedethnicandreligiousboundaries,44(become)abelovedculturalactivityforallcommunities.Itsculturalvalueiswidelyrecognizedbythepublic.Thisyearmarksthe50thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomatictiesbetweenChinaandMalaysia.Bothsidescelebratetheliondanceas45formofsharedhistory,andjointlypromoteandsafeguardtheheritage.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．你校英文報正在開展以“SportsandMe”為主題的征文活動。請你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.你參與過的一項體育活動；2.你的收獲。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。SportsandMe____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Hewasthereeverymorning,sittingmotionlessonthefrontstepsofhishouse.Hisbrightblueeyesseemedsofarawayandsad.InthemorninglightIcouldseetheshadowsthatwerecarveddeepwithinthelinessurroundinghiseyes.EachmorningIwalkedthisroutewithmydaughtertoherkindergartenclass.Asnewcomers,wedidn’tknowmanyneighbors.Ononebeautifulautumnmorning,aswepassedhishouse,mydaughterburstoutandgreetedhimwithacheerful:“Hi,Mr.Man!”Alwaystheoutgoingchild!Iwasn’tsurprisedatherenthusiasm.However,hercheerfulnessdimmedwhenhedidn’trespond.Mydaughteraskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.Hesitatingforwords,becauseIdidn’thaveananswer,Isaidsimply,“Maybehe’shavingatoughday.”Backhome,Ididthebreakfastdishesandthoughtabout“Mr.Man.”Whywashesad?Iwantedtodosomethingtocheerhimup.Ithoughtofafewwaystomakehisdayabitbrighter,butnothingseemedspecialenough.Thenextmorning,afterdroppingmydaughteroffatschool,Isawoneofmyotherneighborsrakingherfrontlawn.AfterIintroducedmyself,sheinvitedmetositandchatonherfrontporchforawhile.IlearnedTheresawasalongtimeresidentoftheneighborhood.Shekneweverybodyandeverything.Aswesippedoursteamingcupsofcoffee,shefilledmeinonalmosteveryneighborinthecommunity.Theresahadsuchabubblypersonality,butwhenIaskedheraboutthemanuptheblock,shegotreallyserious.“Bobrecentlylosthiswifeinacaraccident.Hehasn’tbeenthesamesince.”ShewentontotellmethatBobandhiswifeneverhadchildren,andshewasn’tsureifhehadanyrelatives.Thefollowingweekseemedtowhizby.IhadtalkedtomydaughteraboutwhatwecoulddotomakeMr.Mansmile.Shouldwebringhimcookiesormakehimacard?注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右;2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。WitheverysuggestionImade,shesimplysaid“No,notthat.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Fromthenon,Bobandmydaughterexchangedgreetingseachmorning.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．C2．D3．D【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章通過三位不同STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)人士的自述，介紹了他們在“ScienceforEveryone”這一新展覽中的互動體驗。【解析】1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BECCAPEIXOTTO所對應(yīng)的表格中“Ilovedvisitingmygrandparents’oldfarmhouseinVermontandfindingthingsthepreviousownershadleftbehindintheearly1800s.Icametoarchaeologyinaprettyroundaboutway.Istartedcollegestudyingengineering.WhenItookmyfirstarchaeologycourse,itwaslikealightbulbturnedon!It’sexcitingtofindanartifactburiedforhundredsofyearsandthinkaboutthelifeofthepersonwhohelditlast.(我喜歡去拜訪祖父母在佛蒙特州的老農(nóng)舍，尋找上世紀(jì)初主人留下的東西。我走了一條相當(dāng)曲折的路才接觸到考古學(xué)。我開始在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)工程學(xué)。當(dāng)我第一次上考古課的時候，就像亮了燈一樣！找到一件埋藏了幾百年的文物，想想最后保管它的人的生活，真是令人興奮)”可知，BeccaPeixotto在大學(xué)期間修的一門課讓她對考古學(xué)感興趣。故選C項。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JESSICAFAGERSTROM所對應(yīng)的表格中“Ihelptreatpatientswhohavecancer,usingradiation.Myjobistomakesurethattheradiationisdeliveredsafelyandeffectively.(我?guī)椭委煱┌Y患者，使用放射療法。我的工作是確保輻射安全有效地輸送出去)”可知，JessicaFagerstrom通過安全有效地傳遞輻射來幫助病人。故選D項。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BECCAPEIXOTTO中“It’sexcitingtofindanartifactburiedforhundredsofyearsandthinkaboutthelifeofthepersonwhohelditlast.(找到一件埋藏了幾百年的文物，想想最后保管它的人的生活，真是令人興奮)”，JESSICAFAGERSTROM中“Ihelptreatpatientswhohavecancer,usingradiation.Myjobistomakesurethattheradiationisdeliveredsafelyandeffectively.(我?guī)椭委煱┌Y患者，使用放射療法。我的工作是確保輻射安全有效地輸送出去)”以及GRACIEERMI中“Iwritecodetoaidwildlifeconservation.(我寫代碼是為了保護(hù)野生動物)”可知，這三個人的共同點(diǎn)是他們運(yùn)用自己的技能以各種方式造福社會。故選D項。【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．C【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了龍海芬在支教志愿者的鼓勵和幫助下如愿上了大學(xué)的事跡。【解析】4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InJuly2002,XuBenyu,thenajuniorstudentatHZAU,volunteeredtoteachintheruralareasofGuizhou.Thefollowingyear,hegaveuppostgraduatestudiesandreturnedthere,teachingattwoschoolsfortwoyears,includingLong’selementaryschool.In2005,HZAUestablishedthe“BenyuVolunteerServiceTeam”,engagingstudentsannuallytocontinueprovidingeducationalsupport.(2002年7月，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)大三學(xué)生徐本禹到貴州農(nóng)村支教。第二年，他放棄了研究生學(xué)業(yè)，回到那里，在兩所學(xué)校任教兩年，其中包括朗的小學(xué)。2005年，華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)成立了“本禹志愿者服務(wù)隊”，每年組織學(xué)生繼續(xù)提供教育支持)”提到，徐本禹2002年赴貴州支教，次年放棄讀研并返回貴州任教兩年（2003-2005）。因此他在貴州的志愿服務(wù)總時長超過兩年，故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In2017,the19thvolunteergroup,includingCaoYuanyuanandLiZongqing,arrivedatLong’sschool,WeiminElementarySchool,whichhad174studentsfromkindergartentosixthgradebutonlysixclassrooms.Theschoolwasseverelyunderstaffed.CaohadtoteachfoursubjectswhileLimanaged23classesperweek.(2017年，包括曹媛媛和李宗慶在內(nèi)的第19批志愿者抵達(dá)龍的學(xué)校——為民小學(xué)，該校有174名從幼兒園到六年級的學(xué)生，但只有六間教室。學(xué)校人手嚴(yán)重不足。曹必須教四門課，而李每周要教23門課)”可知，龍海芬的學(xué)校教師嚴(yán)重短缺，急需教師。故選A。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThevolunteersnotonlytaughtknowledgetoLongbutalsodevelopedherpersonalgrowth.Theyencouragedhertodeliverspeechesattheschool’sflag-raisingceremonies,helpingtobuildherconfidence.Theyalsobroadenedherviewsbeyondthemountains.(志愿者們不僅向龍傳授知識，還促進(jìn)了她的個人成長。他們鼓勵她在學(xué)校的升旗儀式上發(fā)表演講，幫助她建立信心。他們還拓寬了她的視野，使她超越了山脈)”和第五段“Unfortunately,in2020,herfatherwasinvolvedinacaraccident,placingthefamilyinfinancialdifficulty.Hearingthis,thevolunteersquicklyraisedenoughmoney,ensuringLong’sfollowingeducation.Alltheseeffortspaidoff.LongwasadmittedtoHZAU.(不幸的是，在2020年，她的父親遭遇了一場車禍，使這個家庭陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)困境。聽到這個消息，志愿者們很快籌集到了足夠的資金，確保了龍的后續(xù)教育。所有這些努力都得到了回報。龍被杭州大學(xué)錄取了)”等內(nèi)容可知，志愿者不僅提供知識教育，還通過演講訓(xùn)練、組織北京游學(xué)活動幫助龍海芬建立信心、拓寬視野，并在其家庭困難時資助她的學(xué)業(yè)。在志愿者的鼓勵和幫助下，龍海芬如愿上了大學(xué)。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lookingahead,Longisexcitedtowelcomecollegelife.Shehopestogivebacktosocietyandbecomeavolunteerlikeherteachersandhelpmorechildrenplanttheseedstogrowandthrive.(展望未來，龍很興奮地迎接大學(xué)生活。她希望回饋社會，像她的老師一樣成為一名志愿者，幫助更多的孩子播下成長和茁壯成長的種子)”可知，龍海芬希望回饋社會，成為像她的老師們一樣的志愿者。故選C。【答案】8．D9．D10．B11．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了人造食用染料，尤其是RedNo.40可能會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題，并介紹了一些關(guān)于人造食用染料安全性的研究結(jié)果。【解析】8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Agrowingbodyofresearchhaslinkedartificialfooddyes,especiallyRedNo.40,tomanyhealthissues.“Thereisdatainanimalsthatsomeofthesedyesmaycausecancer,”Alansays.(越來越多的研究將人造食用染料，尤其是RedNo.40，與許多健康問題聯(lián)系起來。艾倫說：“動物體內(nèi)有數(shù)據(jù)表明，這些染料中的一些可能會導(dǎo)致癌癥。”)”可知，文章前三段主要介紹了人造食用染料，重點(diǎn)介紹了RedNo.40會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題，數(shù)據(jù)表明這些染料中的一些可能會導(dǎo)致癌癥，由此可知，從前三段可以推斷出RedNo.40可能會導(dǎo)致健康問題。故選D項。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“challenge”后句“childrenweregivendyesandobservedtoseehowtheyreactedafterward(給孩子們服用染料，觀察他們之后的反應(yīng))”和“In16ofthe25studiesofthereport,therewasalinkbetweenchildrentakingthedyesandhavinghyperactivityandotherneurobehavioral(神經(jīng)行為學(xué)的)problemsafterward.(在該報告的25項研究中，有16項研究表明，服用染料的兒童與多動和其他神經(jīng)行為問題之間存在聯(lián)系。)”可知，給孩子們服用染料會導(dǎo)致多動和其他神經(jīng)行為問題，由此可知，這一行為對孩子健康有害，科學(xué)家們不愿意在兒童身上做這樣的實(shí)驗，所以這是一個“挑戰(zhàn)性研究”，由此可知，第3段中使用“挑戰(zhàn)”一詞是為了表明科學(xué)家們不愿意在兒童身上做這樣的實(shí)驗。故選D項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句““Thecancerconcernsmostlyoriginatefromanimalstudiesthatoftenuseverylargeexperimentaldoses,”hesays.“Forseveralofthosedyes,theevidenceofaharmfuleffecthasnotbeenconclusive.”(他說：“癌癥的擔(dān)憂主要源于動物研究，這些研究通常使用非常大的實(shí)驗劑量。”“對于其中幾種染料，有害影響的證據(jù)尚未得出結(jié)論。”)”可知，DieGonzalez認(rèn)為幾種染料是否有害，尚未得出準(zhǔn)確證據(jù)，由此可知，他的話表明關(guān)于人造食用色素對人體的研究還不夠，為了得出準(zhǔn)確證據(jù)，還需要進(jìn)一步研究。故選B項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Agrowingbodyofresearchhaslinkedartificialfooddyes,especiallyRedNo.40,tomanyhealthissues.(越來越多的研究將人造食用染料，尤其是RedNo.40，與許多健康問題聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，本文主要介紹了人造食用染料，尤其是RedNo.40可能會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題，并介紹了一些關(guān)于人造食用染料安全性的研究結(jié)果，由此可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于人工食用染料安全性的研究。故選C項。【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【分析】本文是新聞報道。文章報道了中國在月球上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種罕見的月球晶體，并介紹了這種晶體的特性、發(fā)現(xiàn)過程以及其潛在的應(yīng)用價值，特別是在提供無限能源方面的可能性。【解析】12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Oneoftheprimaryingredientsfoundinthiscrystalishelium-3,whichscientistsbelievemayprovideastablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.(在這種晶體中發(fā)現(xiàn)的主要成分之一是氦-3，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為它可以為核聚變反應(yīng)堆提供穩(wěn)定的燃料來源)”可知，氦-3為核聚變反應(yīng)堆提供了一種潛在的穩(wěn)定燃料來源，所以很重要。故選A項。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecrystalwasfoundinlunarbasalt(玄武巖)smallpiecescollectedfromthemoonin2020andmakesChinathethirdcountrytodiscoveranewlunarmineral,behindtheUSandtheformerSovietUnion.TheChinesemoonmissionlandedinOceanusProcellaruminDecember2020andhasbeenthefirstlunarsamplereturnmissionsincethe1970s.(這種晶體是在2020年從月球收集的小塊玄武巖中發(fā)現(xiàn)的，這使中國成為繼美國和前蘇聯(lián)之后第三個發(fā)現(xiàn)月球新礦物的國家。中國的月球任務(wù)于2020年12月在Procellarum海洋著陸，這是自20世紀(jì)70年代以來的第一次月球樣本返回任務(wù))”可知，月球晶體是從月球上采集的第一個樣本。故選D項。14．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“TheelementisincrediblyrareonEarth(這種元素在地球上非常罕見)”以及but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，這種元素在地球上非常罕見，但在月球上似乎相當(dāng)普遍，推知prevalent應(yīng)是“普遍的”之意，和C項意思相近。故選C項。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Althoughitistooearlyforscientiststohavemadeanyfinancialestimatesonsuchafuelsource,itwillundoubtedlybeextremelycostly:Thereis,ofcourse,thematterofbringingthecrystalsbackfromthemoon,especiallyinthelargeamountsthatareneededtofuelfusionreactors.(盡管科學(xué)家們對這種燃料來源進(jìn)行任何財務(wù)估計還為時過早，但毫無疑問，它將極其昂貴：當(dāng)然，從月球帶回晶體是一個問題，特別是需要大量的晶體來為聚變反應(yīng)堆提供燃料)”可知，因為需要從月球上獲取大量的晶體，所以使用氦-3作為燃料是非常昂貴的。故選B項。【答案】16．E17．F18．D19．C20．A【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何擺脫生活中的困境。【解析】16．根據(jù)上文“Lifeisfilledwithnumerousvictoriesanddownfalls.(人生充滿了無數(shù)的勝利和失敗。)”和下文“ Here’showyoucancreateanewchapterinyourlife.（以下是你如何在生活中開創(chuàng)新篇章的方法。）”可知，上文告訴我們?nèi)松錆M了無數(shù)的勝利和失敗，下文講述處理方法，E項意為“重要的是你如何處理每種情況。”選項承上啟下，面對人生中的勝利和失敗，重要的是你如何處理每種情況。故選E。17．根據(jù)上文“Whatyoucandointhiskindofsituationisdrawamentalline.(在這種情況下，你能做的就是畫一條心理線。)”可知，上文告訴我們面對困境時可以畫一條心理線，F(xiàn)項意為“這條線將幫助你標(biāo)記未來的決定。”，選項能夠承接上文，介紹了心理線的作用，這條線將幫助你標(biāo)記未來的決定。故選F。18．根據(jù)上文“Weneedn’ttrytogothroughallofitonourownbutlearnfromothers.Whenwetalkaboutothers,Irefertothepeoplethatyouareclosewith.(我們不必試圖獨(dú)自完成這一切，而要向別人學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)我們談?wù)撍藭r，我指的是與你關(guān)系密切的人。)”可知，上文告訴我們面對困境時可以向關(guān)系密切的人學(xué)習(xí)，D項意為“這些人可能是你的家人和親密的朋友。”，選項能夠承接上文，介紹了關(guān)系密切的人可能是你的家人和親密的朋友。故選D。19．根據(jù)上文“Sometimeswemightfeelthatwehavetriedoutsomuchandstillnothingisworkingoutforus.(有時我們可