CD篇科普文的解題策略——研究發現類UnfamiliartopicsNewwordsLongsentences

Whatisapopularsciencearticle?Apopularsciencearticleexplains解釋knowledgeaboutcutting-edgeissues前沿問題

inprofessionalfieldstothepublicinanaccessibleandunderstandableway.Whatarethetypes?experiment/study/research/survey（研究發現類）andnewinvention/technology/method（新發明、新技術類）Howtosolve?step1:skimpara.1andcirclekeyinformationstep2:figureoutitsstructurestep3:locatequestion-relatedwordsandsentencesStep1:skimpara.1andcirclekeyinformationC篇Experimentsonratsshowthatmixingenergydrinkswithalcoholcancauselong-termproblemswithcognitive(認知的)function,addingtoconcernsoveryoungadultsdrinkinghabits.D篇Newresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilings天花板inexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.Whiletheshapeofaroomcan’tmakeyousmarter,theenvironmentswe’reinhaveaneffectonus.Theauthorsofthestudysuggestthatbigandopenrooms,withhighceilings,makeitharderforstudentstofocusonwhat’sinfrontofthem.研究發現類文本Step2:figureoutitsstructure研究發現

results/findingsshowed/discovered/found/revealed/confirmedthat...

研究過程process/method/results背景、目標、對象、原理、方法、數據、結果...

研究結論future/limitations/comments/imapcts前景、影響、意義、評價、未來方向、不足...Research-findingpatternExperimentsonratsshowthatmixingenergydrinkswithalcoholcancauselong-termproblemswithcognitive(認知的)function,addingtoconcernsoveryoungadultsdrinkinghabits.ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromtheUniversityofCagliari,andgroupsofmaleadolescentratsbeinggivenalcohol,energydrinks,oramixtureofboth.Variousstandardexperimentswerethenusedtoassesscognitivefunction-includingbrainscansandbehavioraltests-upto53daysafterdrinking.Thesetestsrevealedthattheanimalsconsumingthemixeddrinksshowedenduringchangesintheirabilitytolearnandrememberandchangesinthehippocampus(海馬體)-apartofthebrainresponsibleforlearningandmemory.Alcoholandenergydrinksarepopularwithyoungpeopleforvariousreasons,andtheeffectsfromthisstudyarethatthesehabitscouldcausesomelong-termharm.Inparticular,itseemsthathippocampusplasticitycouldbeaffected,damagingthebrain’sabilitytoadaptandchangeinresponsetonewinformationanddemands.Whiletheratsonalcoholandenergydrinksinitiallyshowedaboostincertainbrainfunctions.thesebenefitsdidn’tlast,andovertimeandintoadulthoodtherewasadeclineinbraincapability.Theresultsshowthatalcoholmixedwithenergydrinksconsumptionduringthepreadoleseentperiodproducesadaptivehippocampalchangesattheelectrophysiologicalandmolecularlevels.associatedwithchangesinbehavior,whicharealreadydetectableduringadolescenceandpersistinadulthood.Theseresultsstillneedtobeconfirmedinhumanstudies,andthere’relikelydifferencesbetweensexesduetohormoneinteractionsthatweren’texploredinthisstudy.Buthealthconcernsoverenergydrinksarejustified.Alcoholhasplentyofeffectsinhealth,andit’swell-knownthatmixingthetwotogetherinanykindofsignificantwayisn’tthebestidea.Overall,theanalysisofthewholesetofdataobtainedsuggeststhatalcoholmixedwithenergydrinks,duringadolescence,mayhaveresultsthatarenotnecessarilythesumofthoseobservedwithalcoholorenergydrinksaloneandpermanentlyaffecthippocampalplasticity.para.1研究觀點paras.2-6研究過程paras.7-8研究結論Newresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.Whiletheshapeofaroomcan’tmakeyousmarter,theenvironmentswe’reinhaveaneffectonus.Theauthorsofthestudysuggestthatbigandopenrooms,withhighceilings,makeitharderforstudentstofocusonwhat’sinfrontofthem.Apreviousstudyfromsomeofthesameresearchers,makinguseofbrainmappingtechnologyandvirtualreality,hadfoundarelationshipbetweencognitiveabilityandtheperceivedsizeofaperson’ssurroundings.Here,theteamwantedtodosomereal-worldtesting.“Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseeifbeinginalargespacewhilehavingtoconcentrateonanimportanttaskwouldresultinapoorerperformance,”saysIsabellaBower.Thestudyanalyzedexamresultsfrom15,400studentsovereightyearsandacrossthreecampusesreferencingtheirscoresagainstwhatwasexpectedbasedonthecourseworkthey’dpreviouslysubmitted.Inexamroomswithhighceilings,studentstendedtounderperformcomparedtothosetakingexamsinroomswitha“standard”ceilingheight,evenafteraccountingforage,gender,time,subjectandpriorexamexperience—otherfactorspotentiallyaffectingtheresults.“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceilingsseemtodisadvantagestudentsandweneedtounderstandwhatbrainmechanisms(機制)areatplay,andwhetherthisaffectsallstudentstothesamedegree,”saysBower.Thosearequestionsthatfutureresearchcanfindout.It’sclearthatenvironmentmatters—andthatwemightnotgivestudentsthebestchanceforsuccessbyholdingexamsinroomsthataren’tcustom-builtforthepurpose.“Examinationshavebeenakeypartofoureducationsystemforover1,300years,shapingstudentscareerpathsandlives,”saysJaclynBroadbent.“It’scrucialtorecognizethepotentialimpactofthephysicalenvironmentonstudentperformanceandmakenecessaryadjustmentstoensureallstudentshaveanequalopportunitytosucceed.”para.1研究觀點paras.2-5研究過程paras.6-8研究結論28.Howwasthestudycarriedout?

A.Byobservingrats’variousbehaviorsonthespot.B.Bycomparingrats’reactionsondifferentoccasions.C.Bycollectingpreviousdataofratsofdifferentkinds.D.Bymeasuring衡量，估量thecognitiveinfluencesonthetestedrats.Step3:locatequestion-relatedwordsandsentencespara.2ThestudywascarriedoutbyateamfromtheUniversityofCagliari,andgroupsofmaleadolescentratsbeinggivenalcohol,energydrinks,oramixtureofboth.Variousstandardexperiments實驗werethenusedtoassess評估cognitivefunction認知功能-includingbrainscansandbehavioraltests-upto53daysafterdrinking.D近義詞measure/evaluate30.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Mixeddrinksinitiallydogreatdamagetorats’brains.10人B.Greatsexdifferenceshavebeendetectedinratssofar.8人C.HumansubjectshavenotbeeninvolvedintheprocessD.Thehippocampalandbehavioralchangesdon’tlastlong.6人para.5

Whiletheratsonalcoholandenergydrinksinitially起初showedaboost提升incertainbrainfunctions,thesebenefitsdidn’tlast,andovertimeandintoadulthoodtherewasadecline下降

inbraincapability.para.7

Theseresultsstillneedtobeconfirmedinhumanstudies,andthere’relikelydifferencesbetweensexesduetohormoneinteractionsthatweren’texploredinthisstudy.para.1long-termpara.3enduring持續的changespara.8permanently持久地；永恒affectC反義詞boost→decline近義詞long-term/enduring/lasting/permanent32.Howisthenewstudy

differentfrom

thepreviousone?AItisconducted進行inareal-worldsituationinsteadofinlabsB.ItrulesoutpotentialfactorsthatmayinfluencetheresultsC.ItmakesuseofbrainmappingtechnologyandvirtualrealityD.Itfindsalinkbetweenenvironmentandstudentperformance

17人para.1Newresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents....para.2Apreviousstudyfromsomeofthesameresearchers,makinguseofbrainmappingtechnologyandvirtualreality虛擬現實,hadfoundarelationshipbetweencognitiveabilityandtheperceivedsizeofaperson’ssurroundings.Here,theteamwantedtodosome

real-worldtesting.para.3“Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetand...A33.Whatisfutureresearchexpectedto期望findout?A.Whetherexamroomswithhighceilingswilldisadvantagestudents.8人B.Whetherotherfactorscouldpotentiallyaffecttheresultsofthestudy.C.Whetherstudentsareequallyaffectedinexamroomswithhighceilings.D.Whetherbrainmechanismsaffectstudentsinexamroomswithhighceilings.14人para.6“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceili