PAGE1-第三節基礎保分四情態動詞、助動詞和虛擬語氣Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．(2024·河南開封聯考)Butthefirefightersfailedtosavethedog'sownerbecauseiftheyhad_walked(walk)ontothemud，theywouldhavesunk，too.2．(2024·江蘇常州一中月考改編)—Cathyburntintotearsatthenewsthatshewasturneddownbythecompany，butImeantnoharm.—Iwouldratheryouhadn't_told(nottell)heraboutit.3．IfIwere(be)athomeinCambodia,Iwouldhavetogooutdoors.4．IamsorryIamverybusynow.IfIhad(have)time，Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.5．Accordingtothelocallaw，nooneshallenterthebuildingsitewithoutpermission.6．Janecouldhave_come(come)totheparty，butshecouldnotfindtheexacttime.7．Hewasgreatlyshockedattheman'stakingoffice.Neverdidheexpectthatthevotersshouldbesounreasonable.8．It'stimethatwedid/should_do(do)somethingquickly.9．Ifteensseethattheirphysicalconditioniscausingthemtoperformbadly，theymaybe_motivated(motivate)todootheractivitiestogethealthy.10．Myshoppinglistwaslongandmywalletwaslight.Still,Ineededtogetaweek'sfoodformyfamily.Iparkedmycar，lookeddownatmylist，andhopedIcouldpayforitall.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．(2024·福建三校聯考)ThisisthesecondtimethatIhadvisitedtheuniversity.答案：ThisisthesecondtimethatIeq\o(had,\s\do14(have))visitedtheuniversity.2．(2024·聊城二模)IjustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.答案：Ijusteq\o(∧,\s\do14(have))foundthatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.3．Wewouldratherourdaughterstayathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.答案：Wewouldratherourdaughtereq\o(stay,\s\do14(stayed))athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.4．(2024·濟南階段檢測)Havehetakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.答案：eq\o(Have,\s\do14(Had))hetakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.5．(2024·陜西西安六校檢測)Itcouldhaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitewet.答案：Iteq\o(could,\s\do14(must))haverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitewet.Ⅲ.語法填空Areyouanygoodathula-hooping(轉呼啦圈)?If1.____________，don'tworry.It'ssoeasytolearnthatyoucanunderstanditsworkingprinciple2.__________anyhula-hoopingexperience.3.____________(be)youinterested,youcouldexaminesomeinterestingknowledgeofphysicsbehindhula-hoopingusingjustapencilandarubberband.Hulahoops'move4.____________(determine)allbyforces!Whileplayingwithahulahoop,manydifferentforcesareatworktohelpkeepit5.__________(circle).Aforceisapushorapullthatactsononething.Forcescanmakeobjectsmove,butjustthatsomethingisn'tmovingdoesn't6.____________(necessary)meanthere'renoforcesacting.Forexample,ifyou'resittingonachairrightnow,thereisanupwardforceonyou7.____________preventsyoufromfallingtotheground.Onthecontrary,whensomethingismoving,wecan'tsayitgets8.__________(evidence)forceactingonit.Sowhatforcesactonahulahoop?9.____________(weigh),friction,thenormalforce,etc.Justasyoucansee,the10.____________(combine)effectofallthesemakesitspin.[語篇解讀]這是一篇說明文，主要由呼啦圈的工作原理引入主題，介紹了力的作用。1．解析：考查省略結構。上文問“你擅長轉呼啦圈嗎”，此處答“假如……，不要擔憂”，依據邏輯關系可知，此處應當表示假如不擅長，故用ifnot“若非如此”。答案：not2．解析：考查介詞。結合“don'tworry.It'ssoeasytolearn...experience”可知，該句話意為沒有任何玩呼啦圈的閱歷也能明白其工作原理。空后是名詞短語，所以用without“沒有，缺乏”。答案：without3．解析：考查虛擬語氣、省略和倒裝。分析句子結構可知，本句是虛擬條件句，表示與現在事實相反的假設，從句用一般過去時(be動詞用were)，主句用could/should/might/woulddo。從句省略了if，將were提前構成倒裝，故填Were。留意句首單詞的首字母要大寫。答案：Were4．解析：考查時態和語態。此處在講一個原理，用一般現在時表示陳述事實。又因Hulahoops'move與determine之間是動賓關系，所以用一般現在時的被動語態。答案：isdetermined5．解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處是keepsb./sth.doing結構，表示“讓某人/某物保持做某事”，故用現在分詞作賓補。答案：circling6．解析：考查詞性轉換。空處修飾動詞mean，故用所給詞的副詞形式necessarily。答案：necessarily7．解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個分隔式定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞force，并在從句中作主語，又因先行詞為物，所以用that或者which。答案：that/which8．解析：考查詞性轉換。空處位于名詞force前作定語，應當用形容詞evident“明顯的”。答案：evident9．解析：考查詞性轉換。空處與后面的名詞friction和名詞短語thenormalforce并列，故用所給詞的名詞形式。留意此處首字母要大寫。答案：Weight10．解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處為非謂語動詞作定語，effect和combine有著邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞。答案：combinedⅣ.短文改錯(2024·合肥市高三質檢)LastmonthourclassorganizedahikealongtheChaobaiRiver,whichrunthroughHebei,BeijingandTianjin.Muchtomydisappoint,Ifoundtheriverwasseriouspolluted.Atthatmoment,IwasdeterminedtodowhatIcouldprotectit.First,undermyteacher'shelp,Iusedtheequipmentsfromtheschoollabtotestthequalityoftheriverwater.Butthen,IusedthedataIhadcollectedittoanalyzethepollutionoftheriver.Finally,Iwriteareportonthepollutionoftherivertothelocalgovernment.IalsogaveapresentationinclasswhereIsuggestedthatwemustmakechangestoprotectourwaterresources.答案：LastmonthourclassorganizedahikealongtheChaobaiRiver,whicheq\o(run,\s\do14(runs))throughHebei,BeijingandTianjin.Muchtomyeq\o(disappoint,\s\do14(disappointment))，Ifoundtheriverwaseq\o(serious,\s\do14(seriously))polluted.Atthatmoment,IwasdeterminedtodowhatIcouldeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))protectit.First,eq\o(under,\s\do14(with))myteacher'shelp,Iusedtheeq\o(equipments,\s\do14(equipment))fromtheschoollabtotestthequalityoftheriverwater.eq\o(But,\s\do14(And))then,IusedthedataIhadcollecteditt