ZD6型電動轉轍機測試檢修ZD6ElectricSwitchMachine

TestAndMaintenance天津鐵道職業技術學院鐵路信號基礎設備維護高速鐵路道岔轉轍設備機械、電氣特性及測試檢修（一）機械特性測試項目、周期、標準及方法1.測試項目及標準（1）道岔外部檢查①道岔密貼檢查：檢查尖軌與基本軌應達到靜態宏觀密貼，道岔鎖閉后，允許尖軌尖端至第一牽引點處有≤0.5mm的間隙，其余部分有≤1mm的間隙。②頂鐵檢查：檢查頂貼間隙≤1.0mm。③道岔爬行、方正檢查：用方尺檢查尖軌爬行≤20mm，用方尺檢查道岔動作桿、表示桿垂直于直基本軌，道岔方正。④銷孔曠動量檢查：用塞尺檢查銷孔曠量，表示桿銷孔曠量≤0.5mm，其他銷孔曠量≤1mm。⑤表示缺口監視窗印記檢查：檢查表示缺口監視窗與表示桿印記相對應，錯開≤0.5mm，用破布擦拭干凈。⑥空動距離檢查：密貼調整桿空動距離＞5mm。⑦道岔開程檢查：道岔開程符合如下要求：①單開道岔147±5mm，②定、反位開程偏差不大于2mm。⑧絕緣測試：用測試儀表測試：a．＞20歐良好，b.10-20歐重點盯控，c.＜10歐聯系工務立即進行分解更換；測試道岔安裝裝置各部絕緣電阻值≥20Ω。High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance1.Testitems,cycles,standardsandmethodsformechanicalproperties(1)Externalinspectionoftheturnout①Inspectionofturnoutclose-fitting:checkthatthetonguerailandthestockrailshouldachievestaticmacroclose-fitting,afterlockingtheturnout,allowthetonguerailtiptothefirsttractionpointhas≤0.5mmgap,therestofthegapof≤1mm.②Topironinspection:checkthetoppastegap≤1.0mm.③Turnoutcrawl,squarecheck:checkthecrawloftonguerail≤20mmwithsquareruler,checktheactionrodofturnoutwithsquareruler,indicatethattherodisperpendiculartothestraightstockrail,turnoutsquare.④Pinholeopennesscheck:checkthepinholeopennesswiththeplugruler,thepinholeopennessoftheindicatedrod≤0.5mm,otherpinholeopenness≤1mm.⑤Indicatethatthegapmonitoringwindowimprintcheck:checkthatthegapmonitoringwindowcorrespondstotheimprintoftheindicatedrod,stagger≤0.5mm,wipecleanwitharag.⑥Emptymovingdistancecheck:closetotheadjustmentrodemptymovingdistance>5mm.⑦turnoutopenrangecheck:turnoutopenrangemeetthefollowingrequirements:①singleopenturnout147±5mm,②fixed,reversepositionopenrangedeviationisnotmorethan2mm.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance⑧Insulationtest:testwiththetestinstrument:①>20ohmsgood,②10-20ohmsfocusoncontrol,③<10ohmscontacttherailroadengineerimmediatelyfordecompositionandreplacement.Theinsulationresistancevalueofeachpartofthetestturnoutinstallationdevice≥20Ω.高速鐵路道岔轉轍設備機械、電氣特性及測試檢修（2）轉轍機內部檢查①接點接觸深度檢查：自動開閉器接點深度≥4mm，通過檢查動接點柱和靜接點片上的標記線是否相對來確定。②動接點與靜接點座間隙檢查：動接點與靜接點座間隙≥3mm。③動接點座擺動量檢查：手動檢查動接點在靜接點片內擺動量≤3.5mm。④接點接觸檢查：手動檢查動接點打入靜接點片，兩靜接點片同時接觸接點環、輔助片作用良好。同時檢查接點座安裝牢固無裂紋，動接點環、靜接點片磨耗不超過1/2。⑤檢查碳刷磨耗：碳刷與換向器接觸面積不少于碳刷面的3/4(呈圓弧面），碳刷長度不少于全長的3/5(9MM)，碳刷蓋緊固無松動，關閉檢查窗蓋板。⑥移位接觸器頂桿與觸頭間隙檢查：插入1.5mm塞尺不應斷開，插入2.5mm塞尺應可靠斷開。⑦摩擦聯接器彈簧相鄰圈間隙檢查：最小間隙≥1.5mm。（3）道岔密貼、表示調整①密貼標準：對應第一連接桿尖軌與基本軌之間夾有4mm厚、20mm寬的鋼板時，道岔不應鎖閉。夾有2mm厚、20mm寬的鋼板時，道岔應鎖閉。即夾有4mm不鎖閉、2mm鎖閉。②表示桿缺口標準：道岔密貼，電動轉轍機自動開閉器檢查柱應自動落入表示桿檢查塊缺口內，檢查柱與檢查塊缺口邊緣應有1.5mm±0.5mm的間隙。High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance(2)Internalinspectionofswitchmachine①Contactdepthcheck:switchcircuitcontrolcontactdepth≥4mm,determinedbycheckingwhetherthemarkinglinesonthedynamiccontactcolumnandstaticcontactpiecearerelative.②Dynamiccontactpointandstaticcontactseatgapcheck:≥3mm.③Dynamiccontactseatswingcheck:manuallycheckthedynamiccontactpointinthestaticcontactpieceswing≤3.5mm.④Contactcontactcheck:manuallycheckthedynamiccontactpointintothestaticcontactpiece,twostaticcontactpointpiecewhilecontactcontactcontactring,auxiliarypieceofgoodrole.Atthesametime,checkthecontactseatisfirmlyinstalledwithoutcracks,dynamiccontactring,staticcontactpiecewearnotmorethan1/2,toexceedthestandardforreplacement.⑤Checkthecarbonbrushwear:carbonbrushandcommutatorcontactareaofnotlessthan3/4ofthecarbonbrushsurface(isacircularsurface),carbonbrushlengthofnotlessthan3/5ofthefulllength(9MM),carbonbrushcoverfasteningwithoutloosening,closetheinspectionwindowcover.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance⑥Shiftcontactortoprodandcontactgapcheck:insert1.5mmplugrulershouldnotbedisconnected,insert2.5mmplugrulershouldbereliablydisconnected.⑦Frictioncouplerspringadjacentcirclegapcheck:minimumgap≥1.5mm.（3）Switchclosefittingandindicationadjustment①Closepastestandard:correspondingtothefirstconnectingrodtonguerailandthestockrailbetweenthe4mmthick,20mmwidesteelplate,theturnoutshouldnotbelocked.Whenthereis2mmthick,20mmwidesteelplate,theturnoutshouldbelocked.Thatis,4mmclipdoesnotlock,2mmlock.②Standardforindicatingthegapofthebar:theturnoutisclose,andtheinspectioncolumnoftheelectricswitchmachineswitchcircuitcontrolshouldautomaticallyfallintothegapoftheinspectionblockoftheindicatedbar,andthegapbetweentheinspectioncolumnandtheedgeoftheinspectionblockshouldbe1.5mm±0.5mm.高速鐵路道岔轉轍設備機械、電氣特性及測試檢修2.測試周期：每月一次。3.測試方法（1）道岔外部檢查一看：轉轍機安裝裝置及桿件是否方正，各部不磨卡。用小鏡子看角鋼安裝絕緣。檢查道岔密貼。二敲：用手錘依次敲打電動轉轍機底座、角鋼、丁字鐵、調整桿、表示桿各部螺栓，一般緊固螺母螺栓不得低于螺母頂面，螺扣調整部分余量不得少于10mm。三摸：密貼調整桿和動作桿的連接銷有無開口銷。四掃：用鋼絲刷和毛刷清掃安裝裝置、機殼、各部螺絲扣并注油。（2）轉轍機內部檢查①機蓋開閉自如，防水、防塵性能良好，機內無雜物、無污垢、無銹蝕；②自動開閉器、減速器、電動機、移位接觸器、接插件等安裝牢固；③機內配線整齊，線頭無斷股損傷，無混線可能，各配線端子螺絲緊固；④減速器檢查：a.外殼及摩擦帶夾板無裂紋，手搖動作靈活，通電轉動時無噪聲；b.摩擦聯接器彈簧無損傷，調整螺帽緊固；在規定摩擦電流條件下，彈簧有效圈的相鄰圈最小間隙不小于1.5mm，彈簧不得與夾板圓弧部分接觸；c.摩擦帶與內齒輪伸出部分應經常保持清潔，不得銹蝕或沾油；d.減速器注油孔適當注油；e.開口銷齊全。High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance2.TestcycleOnceamonth.3.Testmethod(1)ExternalinspectionofturnoutStepone---look:whethertheswitchmachineinstallationdeviceandtherodaresquareandeachministrydoesnotwearcard.Useasmallmirrortoseetheinsulationofangleinstallation.Checkwhethertheclosenessofthelocationoftheturnoutisgood.Steptwo---knocking:Knockonthebaseofelectricswitchmachine,anglesteel,butyliron,adjustingrod,andeachboltoftheindicatedrodinturnwithahandhammer,andthegeneralfasteningnutboltshouldnotbelowerthanthetopsurfaceofthenut,andthemarginoftheadjustingpartofthescrewbuckleshouldnotbelessthan10mm.Stepthree---touching:theconnectionpinsoftheadjustingrodandactionrodaretightlyattachedwithorwithoutcotterpins.Stepfour---sweep:usewirebrushandbrushtosweeptheinstallationdevice,housing,eachscrewbuckleandoiling,soastoclean,oil,clearthebottomoftheanglesteelstoneballast.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance(2)Internalinspectionofswitchmachine①Thecoveropensandclosesfreely,withgoodwaterproofanddustproofperformance,andnodebris,dirtandrustinsidethemachine.②Switchcircuitcontrol,reducer,motor,shiftcontactor,connector,etc.arefirmlyinstalled.③themachinewiringneatly,nobrokenstrandsofwiredamage,nomixedlinemaybe,thewiringterminalscrewstight.④Reducerinspection.a.Theshellandfrictionbeltsplintwithoutcracks,handcrankingactionisflexible,nonoisewhenthepoweristurned.b.Frictioncouplerspringwithoutdamage,adjustthenuttight;intheconditionsofthespecifiedfrictioncurrent,theminimumclearanceoftheadjacentcircleoftheeffectivecircleofthespringisnotlessthan1.5mm,thespringshallnotcontactwiththecircularpartofthesplint;.c.Frictionbeltandtheinnergearextensionshouldalwaysbekeptclean,notrustedoroiled.d.Thereduceroilingholeisproperlyoiled.e.Thecotterpiniscomplete.高速鐵路道岔轉轍設備機械、電氣特性及測試檢修（3）道岔密貼、表示調整調整順序“先調密貼后調缺口，先調伸出后調拉入”。①尖軌密貼調整尖軌在轉轍機的帶動下到規定位置并完成機械鎖閉后，-必須與基本軌密貼并滿足《技規》規定，其密貼調整是靠調整密貼整桿上的兩個軸套來完成的。為了敘述方便，規定靠近拉桿連結銷一側的軸套叫內軸套，靠絲扣外端的軸套叫外軸套。當尖軌與基本軌不密貼時，可擰開螺母，退出擋環，旋動軸套，將軸套間隙縮小，當動作桿處于伸出位置時應調整內軸套，當動作桿在拉入位置時，則應調整外軸套。當尖軌已經密貼而轉轍機不能完成機械鎖閉（鎖閉圓弧不能進入削尖齒內）時，應將兩軸套的間隙增大，當動作處于伸出位置時應調內軸套，動作桿在拉入位置時調外軸套。②表示桿缺口調整表示桿是用來檢查道岔尖軌密貼的。道岔密貼調整后，就要調整表示桿使檢查柱落入其相應的缺口內，并滿足《維規》兩側間隙為1.5+0.5mm的標準。根據表示桿后表示桿裝在前表示桿上，前表示桿直接與尖軌相聯系的結構，在調整表示桿缺口時必須先調整表示桿伸出位置的缺口，后調整拉入位置時的缺口。High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance(3)AdjustheturnoutsealingandindicaitonAdjustmentorder:adjustthesealingfirstthenthegap,andtheoutreachafterthepull-in.①AdjustmenoftongueratilsealingAftertheswitchmachinedrivestherailtothespecifiedpositionandcompletesthemechanicallocking,itmustbeclosetothestockrailandmeettherequirementsof"TechnicalRegulations",anditscloseadjustmentisdonebyadjustingthetwobushingsonthewholerod.Fortheconvenienceofdescription,itisstipulatedthatthesleevenearthelinkpinsideofthetierodiscalledinnersleeve,andthesleeveattheouterendofthescrewfasteneriscalledoutersleeve.Whenthetonguerailandthestockrailarenotclose,youcanunscrewthenut,exittheretainingring,rotatethesleeve,reducethesleevegap,andadjusttheinnersleevewhentheactionrodisintheextendedposition,andadjusttheoutersleevewhentheactionrodisinthepulled-inposition.Whenthepointedrailhasbeencloselyfittedandtheswitchmachinecannotcompletemechanicallocking(thelockingarccannotenterthesharpenedteeth),theclearancebetweenthetwobushingsshouldbeincreased,andtheinnerbushingshouldbeadjustedwhentheactionisintheextendedpositionandtheouterbushingwhentheactionleverisinthepulled-inposition.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance

Therelationshipbetweenthemovingrangeoftheswitchmachine,theopeningrangeofthetonguerailandthedistanceoftheemptymovingdistanceofthetightadjustingrodisasfollows.

Actingrodrangeoftheswitchmachine=openrangeofthetonguerail+emptydistanceofthecloseadjustingrod+(pinholeopening+rodpressuredeformation)

Afterthesealingadjustment,weshoulduse4mmthickand20mmwidetestsealingclampedbetweenthetonguerailandthestockrail(atthefirstconnectingrod)tocarryout4mmnon-lockingtest,sothatitmeetstheprovisionsoftheTechnicalRegulations,andfinallytotightenthenutandaddanti-looseningmeasures.

Onepointworthofnotinghereisthattheadjustmentoftheturnoutpostingmustbecarriedoutinthestateoftheswitchmachinemachinerynotlocked,inotherwords,whentheinspectioncolumnhasfallenintothegapoftheindicatedrod,andtheadjustmentofthelargemomentumandpostingcannotbecarriedout.Ifthemomentumoftheinspectioncolumnexceeds3mm,onedirectionwillmaketheinspectioncolumn45degreebeveled,andtheinspectioncolumnwillriseanddisconnecttheinspectionpoint(equivalenttosqueezingturnout),whiletheotherdirectionwillmaketheelevationoftheothersideoftheinspectioncolumnstuckwiththeelevationoftheinspectioncolumngap,andtheinspectioncolumnwillbegivenhorizontallateralforcebytheinspectioncolumn,causingtheinspectioncolumntobend,damagetheautomaticopeningandclosingdevice.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance②IndicatorrodgapadjustmentTheindicationrodisusedtochecktheclosenessoftheturnouttonguerail.Aftertheadjustmentofturnout,wehavetoadjusttheinspectionrodtomaketheinspectioncolumnfallintoitscorrespondinggap,andmeetthestandardof"DimensionalRegulation"withagapof1.5+0.5mmonbothsides.Accordingtothestructurethattherearrepresentationbarismountedonthefrontrepresentationbarandthefrontrepresentationbarisdirectlyconnectedwiththetonguerail,whenadjustingtherepresentationbarnotch,thenotchintheextendingpositionoftherepresentationbarmustbeadjustedfirst,andthenthenotchinthepullingpositionmustbeadjusted.Adjustmentwhenextendingpositiongapindicatesthepositionofconnectingrodrodholderonthetiprod:whenthegapislargerthan1.5+0.5mm,loosenthenutandadjusttherodholdertothesideclosetotheswitchmachine;whenthegapissmallerthan1.5+0.5mm,loosenthenutandadjusttherodholdertotheoutside(notbytheswitchmachineside),tightenthenutafteradjustingthestandardandaddanti-looseningmeasures.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenanceWhenpullinginthepositionnotch,pulltheturnouttothepullinpositionafterextendingthepulladjustmentstandard,loosenthefasteningnutsofthefrontandrearindicatorrods,androtatetheadjustingnutattheendoftheindicatorrod.Whenthegapistoolarge,rotateclockwise,andwhenthegapistoosmall,rotatecounterclockwise.Afteradjustingthestandard,tightenthefasteningnutsofthefrontandrearindicatorrods.Note:Therodnotchmustbeadjustedonlyafterthetonguerailandthestockrailareclosetogether,andtheoutstretchedpositionisadjustedfirst,andthenthepulled-inpositionisadjusted,andthisordercannotbechanged.高速鐵路道岔轉轍設備機械、電氣特性及測試檢修（二）電氣特性測試項目、周期、標準及方法1.測試項目及標準（1）摩擦電流為2.3～2.9A。（2）動作電流標準≤2.0A。2.測試周期：每季度一次。3.測試方法試驗道岔定、反位是否密貼，4mm不鎖閉是否良好，在良好的情況下測試。①測工作電壓反位：直流電壓表+接2，－接4。定位：直流電壓表+接1，－接4。②測工作電流，斷開05、06，把直流電流表串進去，+接05，－接06。測反位工作電流，道岔由定位轉至反位；測定位工作電流，道岔由反位轉至定位。在轉轍機轉換過程中，電流表指針擺動最大的讀數，為啟動電流；穩定讀數為工作電流。③測摩擦電流，斷開05、06，把直流電流表串進去，+接05，－接06。測反位摩擦電流，道岔由定位轉至反位，在工務第一連接桿處，尖軌與基本軌之間，插入4mm錘，道岔應不能鎖閉，這時摩擦聯接器應空轉，電流表指示反位摩擦電流值。測定位摩擦電流，道岔由反位轉至定位，測法同上。摩擦電流測試標準：正反向摩擦電流偏差應小于0.3A；ZD6型轉轍機單機使用時，摩擦電流為2.3—2.9A；④如測試值不符合要求，應對道岔進行調整，直到測試結果符合要求。有必要時請工務部門配合整治。ZD6型電動轉轍機電機電路圖High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance2.Electricalcharacteristicstestitems,cycles,standardsandmethods1.Testitemsandstandards(1)Frictioncurrentis2.3~2.9A.

(2)Actioncurrentstandard≤2.0A.2.TestcycleQuarterly.3.Testmethod(1)Testwhethertheturnoutfixingandreversingareclose,andwhetherthe4mmnon-lockingisgood.(2)Testundertheconditionthattheturnoutisfixedandreversed,and4mmisnotlocked.High-SpeedRailroadTurnoutRuttingEquipmentMechanicalandElectricalCharacteristicsandTestMaintenance①Measuretheworkingvoltage(suchasFigure6-68)Measuretheworkingvoltageofthereverseposition:DCvoltmeter+connec