2020年英語專業四級考試真題和答案分析一、聽力理解（ListeningComprehension）（一）對話（Conversations）對話1聽力原文：W:Hi,Mark.Iheardyouwenttoajobinterviewlastweek.Howdiditgo?M:Well,itwasquiteanexperience.Theinterviewerswereverystrict.Theyaskedmealotoftechnicalquestionsaboutmymajorincomputerscience.W:Likewhat?M:Theyaskedmetoexplainhowadatabasemanagementsystemworks.AndtheyalsowantedtoknowaboutmyexperienceinprogramminglanguageslikeJavaandPython.W:Oh,thatsoundstough.Didyouanswerthemwell?M:Ithinkso.Istudiedthosethingsreallyhardincollege.Buttheyalsoaskedmesomequestionsaboutteamwork.TheywantedtoknowifIcouldworkwellwithothersinaproject.W:That'simportantinanyjob.So,whatdidyousay?M:Itoldthemaboutagroupprojectwedidincollege.Wehadtodevelopasmallsoftwareapplication,andIworkedcloselywithmyteammembers.Wedividedthetasksandcompletedtheprojectontime.題目及答案分析1.WhatisMark'smajor?A.Computerscience.B.Softwareengineering.C.Databasemanagement.D.Programminglanguages.答案：A。原文中明確提到“Theinterviewerswereverystrict.Theyaskedmealotoftechnicalquestionsaboutmymajorincomputerscience.”，所以答案是A。2.Whichprogramminglanguageswerementionedintheinterview?A.C++andJava.B.JavaandPython.C.PythonandC.D.CandC++.答案：B。文中“AndtheyalsowantedtoknowaboutmyexperienceinprogramminglanguageslikeJavaandPython.”給出了答案，即Java和Python，選B。3.Whatdidtheinterviewersaskaboutteamwork?A.Mark'sleadershipexperience.B.Mark'sabilitytoworkwithothersinaproject.C.Mark'scommunicationskillsinateam.D.Mark'sproblem-solvingskillsinateam.答案：B。根據“Buttheyalsoaskedmesomequestionsaboutteamwork.TheywantedtoknowifIcouldworkwellwithothersinaproject.”可知，面試官詢問的是Mark在項目中與他人合作的能力，選B。對話2聽力原文：M:Hey,Sarah.I'mplanningashorttripduringthecomingholiday.Doyouhaveanygoodplacestorecommend?W:Well,ifyoulikenature,youcouldgototheBlueMountain.Ithasbeautifulscenery,withmountains,forests,andclearstreams.Youcangohikingthere.M:Soundsgreat.ButIalsowanttodosomeculturalactivities.W:ThenyoumightconsidervisitingtheancienttownofRiverdale.Ithasalonghistoryandmanywell-preservedancientbuildings.Youcanlearnalotaboutthelocalculturethere.M:That'sinteresting.Howfarisitfromhere?W:It'sabout200kilometersaway.Youcandrivethereinaboutthreehours.題目及答案分析4.WheredoesSarahrecommendifthemanlikesnature?A.TheGreenValley.B.TheBlueMountain.C.TheRedRiver.D.TheGoldenBeach.答案：B。Sarah說“ifyoulikenature,youcouldgototheBlueMountain.”，所以選B。5.WhatcanthemandoinRiverdale?A.Goswimming.B.Gofishing.C.Learnaboutlocalculture.D.Dosomeshopping.答案：C。根據“Ithasalonghistoryandmanywell-preservedancientbuildings.Youcanlearnalotaboutthelocalculturethere.”可知，在Riverdale可以了解當地文化，選C。6.HowcanthemangettoRiverdale?A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Byplane.D.Bycar.答案：D。文中提到“Youcandrivethereinaboutthreehours.”，即可以開車去，選D。（二）短文（Passages）短文1聽力原文：Thedevelopmentoftechnologyhashadaprofoundimpactoneducation.Inthepast,studentsmainlylearnedfromtextbooksandteachersintheclassroom.Butnow,withtheInternetanddigitaldevices,learninghasbecomemorediverse.Onlinecourseshavebecomeverypopular.Studentscanchoosefromawiderangeofcoursesondifferentplatforms.Theycanlearnattheirownpace,whichisveryconvenient.Forexample,astudentwhoisinterestedinarthistorycantakeanonlinecoursefromawell-knownuniversitywithouthavingtogothereinperson.Anotherchangeistheuseofeducationalapps.Theseappscanprovideinteractivelearningexperiences.Theycanincludegames,quizzes,andvideostomakelearningmoreengaging.Forinstance,languagelearningappscanhelpstudentspracticespeaking,listening,reading,andwritinginafunway.However,technologyalsobringssomechallenges.Forexample,somestudentsmaygetdistractedbysocialmediaorothernon-educationalcontentontheirdevices.Andthereisalsoadigitaldivide,whichmeansthatnotallstudentshaveequalaccesstotechnology.題目及答案分析7.Whatwasthemainwayoflearninginthepast?A.Throughonlinecourses.B.Fromtextbooksandteachersintheclassroom.C.Withthehelpofeducationalapps.D.Bywatchingeducationalvideos.答案：B。原文“Inthepast,studentsmainlylearnedfromtextbooksandteachersintheclassroom.”表明過去主要的學習方式是從課堂上的課本和老師那里學習，選B。8.Whatisanadvantageofonlinecourses?A.Theyarefreeofcharge.B.Studentscanlearnattheirownpace.C.Theyaretaughtbyfamousprofessors.D.Theyhavealargenumberofstudents.答案：B。文中提到“Theycanlearnattheirownpace,whichisveryconvenient.”，這是在線課程的一個優勢，選B。9.Howdoeducationalappsmakelearningmoreengaging?A.Byprovidingfreecourses.B.Byofferingone-on-onetutoring.C.Byincludinggames,quizzes,andvideos.D.Byconnectingstudentswithexperts.答案：C。根據“Theseappscanprovideinteractivelearningexperiences.Theycanincludegames,quizzes,andvideostomakelearningmoreengaging.”可知，教育應用程序通過包含游戲、測驗和視頻使學習更有吸引力，選C。10.Whatchallengedoestechnologybringtoeducation?A.Itmakeslearningmoredifficult.B.Somestudentsmaygetdistracted.C.Itreducesthequalityofeducation.D.Itmakesteachersredundant.答案：B。文中指出“somestudentsmaygetdistractedbysocialmediaorothernon-educationalcontentontheirdevices”，這是技術給教育帶來的一個挑戰，選B。短文2聽力原文：Thehoneybeeisaveryimportantinsect.Itplaysacrucialroleinpollination.Pollinationistheprocessbywhichpollenistransferredfromthemalepartofaflowertothefemalepart,whichisnecessaryfortheproductionofseedsandfruits.Honeybeescollectnectarfromflowerstomakehoney.Whiletheyarecollectingnectar,theyalsopickuppollenontheirbodies.Whentheymovefromoneflowertoanother,theytransferthepollen,thusfacilitatingpollination.However,honeybeesarefacingmanythreats.Oneofthemainthreatsistheuseofpesticides.Pesticidescankillhoneybeesdirectlyorweakentheirimmunesystems,makingthemmoresusceptibletodiseases.Anotherthreatishabitatloss.Asmoreandmorelandisusedforagricultureorurbandevelopment,thenaturalhabitatsofhoneybeesarebeingdestroyed.Toprotecthoneybees,somemeasurescanbetaken.Forexample,farmerscanreducetheuseofpesticides.Andwecanalsocreatemorenaturalhabitatsforhoneybees,suchasplantingwildflowersinourgardens.題目及答案分析11.Whatisthemainfunctionofhoneybeesinnature?A.Tomakehoney.B.Tocontrolpests.C.Topollinateflowers.D.Toprovidefoodforotheranimals.答案：C。原文“Itplaysacrucialroleinpollination.”說明蜜蜂在自然界的主要功能是授粉，選C。12.Howdohoneybeestransferpollen?A.Byflyingfromoneplacetoanother.B.Bycarryingitontheirbodieswhenmovingbetweenflowers.C.Byspreadingitthroughtheair.D.Bystoringitintheirhives.答案：B。文中提到“Whiletheyarecollectingnectar,theyalsopickuppollenontheirbodies.Whentheymovefromoneflowertoanother,theytransferthepollen”，所以蜜蜂是通過在花朵間移動時將花粉攜帶在身上來傳播花粉的，選B。13.Whatisoneofthemainthreatstohoneybees?A.Climatechange.B.Pesticideuse.C.Over-harvestingofhoney.D.Competitionfromotherinsects.答案：B。根據“Oneofthemainthreatsistheuseofpesticides.”可知，農藥的使用是蜜蜂面臨的主要威脅之一，選B。14.Whatcanfarmersdotoprotecthoneybees?A.Plantmoreflowers.B.Increasetheuseofpesticides.C.Reducetheuseofpesticides.D.Buildmorebeehives.答案：C。文中提到“farmerscanreducetheuseofpesticides”，所以農民可以通過減少農藥的使用來保護蜜蜂，選C。二、詞匯與語法（VocabularyandGrammar）15.Theprofessor,aswellashisassistants,______workinginthelabdayandnighttocompletetheproject.A.isB.areC.wasD.were答案：A。當主語后面跟有aswellas連接的詞組時，謂語動詞的數要與前面的主語保持一致。本句中前面的主語是Theprofessor，是單數，且句子描述的是一般情況，用一般現在時，所以選A。16.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho______passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are答案：B。在“oneof+復數名詞+定語從句”結構中，若one前有theonly等修飾時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數形式。這里who引導的定語從句修飾theonlyone，所以用has，選B。17.______hehasmadeadecision,itisnoteasytochangehismind.A.OnceB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Until答案：A。Once表示“一旦”，引導時間狀語從句。本句意思是一旦他做了決定，就很難改變他的想法，符合語境，選A。18.Thenewpolicyisexpectedto______economicgrowth.A.stimulateB.accumulateC.allocateD.eliminate答案：A。stimulate意為“刺激，促進”；accumulate是“積累”；allocate是“分配”；eliminate是“消除”。“刺激經濟增長”用stimulateeconomicgrowth，選A。19.I'msorryIcan'tgototheparty.Ihavean______withmydentistthisevening.A.appointmentB.arrangementC.engagementD.interview答案：A。haveanappointmentwith是“與……有預約”，這里說和牙醫有預約，符合題意，選A。20.Theproblemissocomplexthatitwilltakeusseveralhoursto______it.A.workoutB.lookoutC.figureoutD.makeout答案：C。figureout表示“弄清楚，解決”；workout有“算出，制定出”等意思；lookout是“小心”；makeout是“辨認出，理解”。這里說解決問題，用figureout，選C。21.HespokesofastthatIcouldhardly______whathewassaying.A.makeforB.makeupC.makeoutD.makeoff答案：C。makeout有“理解，聽清”的意思，這里說他說得太快，幾乎聽不清他在說什么，選C。22.Theoldmanisingoodhealth______hisage.A.consideringB.regardedC.concerningD.respecting答案：A。considering意為“考慮到，鑒于”，這里說考慮到他的年齡，老人身體狀況很好，符合語境，選A。23.Thestudentsarerequiredto______acompositioneveryotherweek.A.handinB.handoutC.handoverD.handdown答案：A。handin是“上交”；handout是“分發”；handover是“移交”；handdown是“傳下來”。學生被要求每隔一周交一篇作文，用handin，選A。24.______bythebeautyofnature,thetouristsfromabroaddecidedtostayanothertwodaysinthesmalltown.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted答案：B。thetourists和attract之間是被動關系，即游客被自然之美所吸引，用過去分詞作狀語，選B。三、完型填空（Cloze）Theworldisfullofvariety.Plantsandanimals25fromcountrytocountry.This26ofbiologicaldiversityprovideshumanswithagreat27ofgoodsandservices.Biologicaldiversityhasthreeimportant28:geneticdiversity,speciesdiversity,andecosystemdiversity.Geneticdiversityisthe29ofgeneticinformationwithinaspecies.It30thedifferencesingenesamongindividualsofthesamespecies.Forexample,differentvarietiesofthesamecropplantcanhavedifferent31suchasresistancetodiseasesortolerancetodrought.Speciesdiversityreferstothenumberand32ofspeciesinagivenarea.Ahighspeciesdiversitymeanstherearemanydifferentspecies33.Tropicalrainforestsareknownfortheirextremelyhighspeciesdiversity.EcosystemdiversityisthevarietyofecosystemsonEarth.Ecosystemscanbeas34asasmallpondoraslargeasawholeocean.Eachecosystemhasitsown35setoforganismsandenvironmentalconditions.25.A.varyB.changeC.differD.alter答案：A。vary強調“在不同種類、特征等方面存在差異”，這里說植物和動物在不同國家有所不同，用vary合適，選A。26.A.typeB.formC.kindD.variety答案：D。根據前文“Theworldisfullofvariety”可知這里用variety，thisvarietyof表示“這種……的多樣性”，選D。27.A.numberB.amountC.quantityD.range答案：D。agreatrangeof表示“各種各樣的”，生物多樣性為人類提供各種各樣的商品和服務，選D。28.A.aspectsB.fieldsC.areasD.sections答案：A。aspect表示“方面”，生物多樣性有三個重要方面，選A。29.A.amountB.quantityC.numberD.sum答案：A。amount通常用于不可數名詞，geneticinformation是不可數的，這里指一個物種內遺傳信息的數量，用amount，選A。30.A.makesB.causesC.resultsinD.accountsfor答案：D。accountfor有“解釋，說明……的原因”的意思，這里說它解釋了同一物種個體間基因的差異，選D。31.A.featuresB.characteristicsC.propertiesD.qualities答案：B。characteristic強調“特點，特征”，不同品種的作物有不同的特征，如抗病性或耐旱性，選B。32.A.kindsB.typesC.sortsD.forms答案：A。kinds表示“種類”，物種多樣性指給定區域內物種的數量和種類，選A。33.A.livingB.existingC.inhabitingD.dwelling答案：B。exist強調“存在”，這里說有很多不同的物種存在，選B。34.A.smallB.tinyC.littleD.minute答案：A。與后面的“aslargeasawholeocean”相對應，這里說生態系統可以像小池塘一樣小，用small，選A。35.A.specialB.specificC.particularD.peculiar答案：B。specific強調“特定的，特有的”，每個生態系統都有其特定的一組生物和環境條件，選B。四、閱讀理解（ReadingComprehension）Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabletourismhasgainedincreasingattention.Sustainabletourismaimstominimizethenegativeimpactsoftourismontheenvironment,society,andeconomy,whilemaximizingthepositiveones.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabletourismisenvironmentalprotection.Thisincludesreducingpollution,conservingnaturalresources,andprotectingwildlifehabitats.Forexample,someeco-resortsuserenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower,andtheyalsoimplementwastemanagementsystemstoreducetheirenvironmentalfootprint.Anotherimportantaspectissocialresponsibility.Sustainabletourismshouldbenefitlocalcommunities.Itcancreatejobs,supportlocalbusinesses,andpreservelocalcultures.Forinstance,touristscanvisitlocalhandicraftmarketsandbuytraditionalproducts,whichhelpstosustainthelocaleconomyandculturalheritage.Economically,sustainabletourismcancontributetolong-termeconomicgrowth.Byattractingmoreenvironmentallyandsociallyconscioustourists,destinationscanincreasetheirtourismrevenue.Moreover,sustainabletourismpracticescanreduceoperatingcostsfortourismbusinessesinthelongrun.However,achievingsustainabletourismisnotwithoutchallenges.Thereisoftenalackofawarenessamongtouristsandtourismbusinessesaboutsustainablepractices.Andimplementingsustainablemeasuresmayrequiresignificantinvestmentininfrastructureandtraining.36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionintourism.B.Theconceptandaspectsofsustainabletourism.C.Theeconomicbenefitsofsustainabletourism.D.Thechallengesofachievingsustainabletourism.答案：B。文章首先介紹了可持續旅游的概念，然后分別從環境、社會和經濟三個方面闡述了其特點，最后提到了實現可持續旅游面臨的挑戰，所以主要講的是可持續旅游的概念和方面，選B。37.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofenvironmentalprotectioninsustainabletourism?A.Visitinglocalhandicraftmarkets.B.Usingrenewableenergysourcesineco-resorts.C.Creatingjobsforlocalcommunities.D.Increasingtourismrevenue.答案：B。文中提到“someeco-resortsuserenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower,andtheyalsoimplementwastemanagementsystemstoreducetheirenvironmentalfootprint”，這是可持續旅游中環境保護的例子，選B。38.Howcansustainabletourismbenefitlocalcommunitiessocially?A.Byreducingpollution.B.Byattractingmoretourists.C.Bycreatingjobsandpreservinglocalcultures.D.Byincreasingtourismrevenue.答案：C。根據“Sustainabletourismshouldbenefitlocalcommunities.Itcancreatejobs,supportlocalbusinesses,andpreservelocalcultures.”可知，可持續旅游在社會方面可以通過創造就業機會和保護當地文化來造福當地社區，選C。39.Whatisoneofthechallengesofachievingsustainabletourism?A.Lackofgovernmentsupport.B.Lackofawarenessamongtouristsandbusinesses.C.Highcostoftourismproducts.D.Competitionfromotherdestinations.答案：B。文中指出“Thereisoftenalackofawarenessamongtouristsandtourismbusinessesaboutsustainablepractices”，這是實現可持續旅游的一個挑戰，選B。Passage2TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.Withjustafewclicks,wecanfindinformationonalmostanytopic.OneofthemajorimpactsoftheInternetisoneducation.Onlinelearningplatformshaveemerged,allowingstudentstotakecoursesfromtopuniversitiesaroundtheworld.Thishasincreasededucationalopportunities,especiallyforthoseinremoteareas.Inthebusinessworld,theInternethaschangedthewaycompaniesoperate.E-commercehasbecomeamajorforce,enablingbusinessestoreachaglobalcustomerbase.Smallbusinessescannowcompetewithlargecorporationsonamorelevelplayingfield.However,theInternetalsohasitsdownsides.Oneofthebiggestconcernsisonlineprivacy.Personalinformationcanbeeasilycollectedandmisusedbycompaniesandhackers.Thereisalsotheproblemofonlinemisinformation,whichcanspreadquicklyandcauseconfusion.40.WhathastheInternetmademoreaccessible?A.Goodsandservices.B.Educationalresources.C.Information.D.Businessopportunities.答案：C。根據“Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.”可知，互聯網使信息更容易獲取，選C。41.HowhastheInternetimpactededucation?A.Ithasreducedthequalityofeducation.B.Ithaslimitededucationalopportunities.C.Ithasincreasededucationalopportunities,especiallyforremoteareas.D.Ithasmadeeducationmoreexpensive.答案：C。文中提到“Onlinelearningplatformshaveemerged,allowingstudentstotakecoursesfromtopuniversitiesaroundtheworld.Thishasincreasededucationalopportunities,especiallyforthoseinremoteareas.”，所以互聯網增加了教育機會，特別是對偏遠地區的人，選C。42.WhatisachangeinthebusinessworldduetotheInternet?A.Smallbusinessesareatadisadvantage.B.E-commercehasbecomelessimportant.C.Companiescanonlytargetlocalcustomers.D.Smallbusinessescancompetewithlargecorporationsmorefairly.答案：D。根據“E-commercehasbecomeamajorforce,enablingbusinessestoreachaglobalcustomerbase.Smallbusinessescannowcompetewithlargecorporationsonamorelevelplayingfield.”可知，互聯網使小企業能更公平地與大企業競爭，選D。43.WhatisoneofthedownsidesoftheInternet?A.Slowaccessspeed.B.Onlineprivacyconcerns.C.HighcostofInternetservices.D.Lackofonlinecontent.答案：B。文中明確指出“Oneofthebiggestconcernsisonlineprivacy.Personalinformationcanbeeasilycollectedandmisusedbycompaniesandhackers.”，所以網絡隱私問題是互聯網的一個缺點，選B。五、寫作（Writing）題目Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareusingmobilepaymentmethodssuchasAlipayandWeChatPay.Somepeoplethinkitisveryconvenient,whileothersworryaboutitssecurity.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文及分析Inmodernsociety,theprevalenceofmobilepaymentmethodslikeAlipayandWeChatPayhassparkedaheateddebate.Someindividualsholdtheviewthatitoffersunparalleledconvenience,whileothersexpressconcernsregardingitssecurity.Ononehand,theconvenienceofmobilepaymentisundeniable.Firstly,itsimplifiesthepaymentprocess.Gonearethedayswhenpeoplehadtocarryabulkywalletfilledwithcashandvariouscards.Withjustasmartphoneinhand,theycancompletetransactionsinamatterofseconds.Forexample,whenshoppingatasupermarket,customersonlyneedtoscantheQRcodeprovidedbythecashier,andthepaymentisdone.Secondly,mobilepaymentisavailable24/7.Peoplecanmakepaymentsatanytimeandfromanywhere,whethertheyarebuyingacupofcoffeeonthewaytoworkorpayingforanonlinepurchaselateatnight.Ontheotherhand,securityisamajorconcernformany.Mobilepaymentreliesheavilyonpersonalinformationandonlinenetworks.Ifaperson'smobilephoneislostorstolen,andthepaymentappisnotproperlyprotected,thereisariskofunauthorizedaccesstotheiraccounts.Hackersmayalsotargetmobilepaymentsystems,tryingtostealpeople'sfinancialinformation.Forinstance,phishingattackscantrickusersintorevealingtheirpasswordsorothersensitivedata.Inmyopinion,whilethesecurityissuesofmobilepaymentcannotbeignored,theconvenienceitbringsfaroutweighsthepotentialrisks.Toaddressthesecurityconcerns,usersshouldtakesomeprecautions.Theycansetupstrongpasswordsandenableadditionalsecurityfeaturessuchasfingerprintorfacerecognition.Moreover,mobilepaymentcompaniesshouldcontinuouslyimprovetheirsecuritysystemstopreventcyber-attacks.Inconclusion,mobilepaymentisasignificantinnovationinthefinancialfield.Althoughtherearesecurityproblems,withpropermeasures,itcanbeasafeandconvenientwayofpayment.分析-觀點闡述清晰：文章首先明確指出對于移動支付存在兩種不同觀點，然后分別詳細闡述了其便利性和安全性問題。在闡述便利性時，從簡化支付流程和隨時可用兩個方面進行了說明，并舉例加以佐證。在討論安全性時，指出了手機丟失和黑客攻擊等潛在風險。-個人觀點合理：作者表明自己認為便利性遠大于風險的觀點，并提出了用戶和支付公司應采取的措施來解決安全問題，使觀點更具說服力。-結構完整：文章采用了總分總的結構，開頭引出話題，中間分別論述兩種觀點并給出自己的看法，結尾總結全文，強調移動支付的重要性以及解決安全問題的可行性。六、翻譯（Translation）漢譯英中國文化有著悠久的歷史和豐富的內涵。它不僅包括傳統的藝術形式，如繪畫、書法和音樂，還涵蓋了哲學、文學和民俗等方面。中國哲學強調人與自然的和諧統一，這種理念對中國人的生活方式和價值觀產生了深遠的影響。中國文學作品，如《紅樓夢》《西游記》等，不僅在中國