專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷8（共8

套）

（共151題）

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、閱讀理解（本題共6題，每題1.0分，共6分。）

1、Theacquisitionofnewknowledgeaboutaproblemdoesnotalwayshelpscientists

solveit.Sometimesitcomplicatestheoriginalproblem.Astrikingexampleofthis

occurredwhenthefindingsoftheInternationalIndianOceanExpeditionwerereportedin

1962.Oceanographershavelongbeenperplexedbythefactthatthereissolittle

sediment（沉淀）onthefloorsoftheworld'soceans.Theircalculations,basedonthe

estimatedrateofsedimentaccumulationandonthetimethisprocesshashadtowork,

indicatethatthereshouldbealayerofsand,rockparticles,andorganicmatterfromtwo

totwoandone-halfmilesthickoverthebottomoftheseas.Theirfindingsoftheactual

thicknessofthesedimentlayer,however,haveindicatedthatitisnotmorethanafourth

ofthisdepth.（Someoceanographersbelievethedepositoforganicmaterialalone,falling

inwhattheycallthe"rainofdeath"wouldhaveaccountedforthisamountofsediment.）

Thenin1962theexpeditionscientistsreportedthattheyioundthebottomoftheIndian

Oceanmuchrougherthanhadbeenthought.Totheoceanographers,thismeansthattheir

estimatesoftheactualthicknessofthesedimentlayerhavebeentoohigh.Thusitmaybe

thataneventhinnerlaterofsedimentexiststhanthatwhichoceanographershad

previouslyconsideredtoosmall.Thereportseemstoindicatethat.

A、previousestimatesofthethicknessofthesedimentlayerweretoolow

B、previousestimatesofthethicknessofthesedimentlayerweretoohigh

C、sedimentaccumulatesveryrapidly

D、thesedimentlayeriscomposedofpureorganicmatter

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'「

知識點解析：暫無解析

2、Nine-year-oldLouisPasteurrushedintothelittlehouse,hisfacewhite."Mother!"he

cried."AmaddoghasbittenmyfriendHenry,andnowtheyareburninghimwithred-

hotirons.It'sterrible!""Rabies（狂犬病），Louis.Burningthebitesistheonlyhopeof

stoppingHenryfromcatchingthedisease.SixteenyearslaterPasteurbecameaDoctorof

Science.Andhebeganmakingimportantdiscoveriesinhisspecialfield.Pasteur

achievedgreatsuccessinhislife.Butduringtheyearsofresearchhelosttheuseofhis

leftarmandleg.Yetheworkedonandon,ashardasever,ashewaseagertofindaway

forcuringrabies.HeneverforgothisfriendHenry.Aftermanydangerousexperiments

onmaddogs,hefinallyfoundtheanswer.Justthenaboywhohadbeenbadlybittenbya

maddogarrivedathislab.AfewdaysafterPasteur'streatmenttheboygotbetter.He

didnotcatchrabies.Thediscoverygavenewhopetopeopleinmanycountries.People

sentmoneytohelpbuildihePasteurInstituteinParis.Todayitisoneoftheworld's

mostfamouscentersforresearch.PasteurbecameaDoctorofScience."Doctorof

Science"heremeans.

A、adegreewhichisthehighestinscience

B、someonewhosejobistomakesickpeoplewellagain

C、apersonwhoworksinthelab

D、thepostinscience

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

3、Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,unstated,objectively

selectedfact.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemore;itmustsupply

interpretation,themeaningofthefacts.Thisisthemostimportantassignment

confrontingAmericanjournalism-tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,to

makeinternationalnewsasunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereis

nolongeranysuchthingas"local"newsbecauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasa

localreactioninmanpowerdraft,ineconomicstrain,interms,indeed,ofourverywayof

life.Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkon（著

手）inlerpretation,youareenteringchoppy（波浪起伏的）anddangerouswaters,the

swirlingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthe

writerandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftothe"facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwo

questions;Whatarethefacts?Arethebarefactsenough?Astothefirstquery（疑

問）considerhowaso-calledHfactual"storycomesabout.Thereportercollects,suy,fifty

facts;outofthesefifty,hisspaceallotmentbeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectstheten

whichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditor

decideswhichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiece.（Thisisanimportant

decisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.）Thisis

JudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbe

presentedonpageone,whereithasalargeimpact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithas

little.JudgmentNumberThree.Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or

"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsarcinvolved.Andtheyarcjudgmentsnotatall

unlikethoseinvolvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheir

researchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralist,"arriveata

conclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationof

thenewsanditsinterpretation,arebothobjectiveprocesses—asobjective,thatis,asany

humanbeingcanbe.Theauthorisimplyingthat.

A、inwritingafactorialstory,thewritermustusejudgment

B、thewritershouldlimithimselftothefacts

C、thewritershouldmakethestoryinteresting

D^reportersslanttheirstories

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

4、AlthoughAprildidnotbringustherainsweallhopedfor,andalthoughtheCentral

Valleydoesn'tgenerallyexperiencetheatmosphericsoundandlightningthatcan

accompanythoserains,itisstillimportantforparentstobeabletoanswertheyouthful

questionsaboutthunderandlightening.Thereasonwhythesetwowondersofnatureare

sodifficultformanyadultstoexplaintochildrenisthattheyarenotverywellunderstood

byadultsthemselves.Forexample,didyouknowthatthelightningweseeflashingdown

totheearthfromacloudisactuallyflashinguptoacloudfromtheearth?Oureyestrick

usintothinkingweseeadownwardmotionwhenit'sactuallytheotherwayaroundBut

then,ifwebelievedonlywhatwethinkwesee,we'dstillinsistthatthesunrisesinthe

morningandsetsatnight.Mostlightningflashestakeplaceinsideacloud,andonlya

relativefewcanbeseenjumpingbetweentwocloudsorbetweenearthandacloud.But,

withabout2,000thunderstormstakingplaceabovetheeartheveryminuteofthedayand

night,there'senoughactivitytoproduceabout100lightningstrikesonearthevery

second.Parentscanusethunderandlightningtohelptheirchildrenlearnmoreaboutthe

worldaroundthem.WhenchildrenunderstandthatthelightofthelightningHashing

reachestheireyesalmostatthesamemoment,butthesoundofthethundertakesabout5

secondstotraveljustonemile,theycanbegintotimetheintervalbetweentheflashand

thecrashtolearnhowclosetheyweretotheactualspark.Itcanbeconcludedfromthe

passagethat.

A、weshouldnotbelievewhatweseeorhear

B、thingsmovingdownwardaremorenoticeable

C、peopleoftenhavewrongconceptsaboutordinaryphenomena

D、adultsarenotasgoodaschildreninobservingcertainnaturalphenomena

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C「「

知識點解析；暫無解析

Oursurroundingsarebeingpollutedfasterthannatureandman'spresenteffortscannot

preventit.Timeisbringingusmorepeople,andmorepeoplewillbringusmoreindustry,

morecars,largercities,andthegrowinguseofman-madematerials.Whatcanexplain

andsolvethisproblem?Thefactisthatpollutioniscausedbyman—byhisdesirefora

modernwayoflife.Wemake"increasingindustrialization"ourchiefaim.Soweare

oftenreadytooffereverything;cleanair,purewater,goodfood,ourhealthandthefuture

ofourchildren.Thereisaconstantflowofpeoplefromthecountrysideintothecities,

eagerforthebenefitsofourmodernsociety.Butasourtechnologicalachievementshave

growninthelasttwentyyears,pollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Isn'tittimewe

stoppedtoaskourselveswherewearegoingandwhy?Itmakesonethinkofthestory

abouttheairlinepilotwhotoldhispassengersovertheloudspeaker;"I'vesomegood

newsandsomebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwe'remakingrapidprogressat530

milesperhour.Thebadnewsisthatwe'relostanddon'tknowwherewe'regoing.'The

sadfactisthatthisbecomesatruestorywhenwespeakofourmodernsociety.

5、Mancannotpreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbecause

A^thepopulationoftheworldisincreasingfast

B、peopleusetoomanyman-madematerials

C、wehavemoreandmoreindustry

D、weareproducingmorecars,trucksandbuses

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C」

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesmanvaluemostamongthefollowing?

A^Industry.

B、Health.

C、Cleanair.

D、Thefutureofthechildren.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Asprotectorofherfamily'shealth,thepioneerwomanconfrontedsituationsshenever

imaginedbeforecrossingtheMississippi.FewwomencameWestpreparedtodealwith

desertsunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.Evenwhendoctorswereavailable,

theywereoftennomoreknowledgeablethantheirpatients.Andmostpatentmedicines

werenomorereliablethanthetravelingmerchantswhosoldthem.Incertaincases,a

womancoulddrawuponthefolkwisdomandremediesshehadlearnedbackhome.

Westernmosquitoes,forexample,provedtobeasrepelledbyapasteofvinegarandsalt

asweretheirEasterncousins.Moreoften,however,awomanwasguidedonlybyher

ownskillinpreparingtonics,powders,poisons,andpolishesfromwhatevershehadat

hand:saltmadeapassabletoothpaste;gunpowderwasappliedtowarts,andturpentineto

opencuts;goosegrease,skunkoil,andtheever-presentlard（豬油）werebasic

liniments（擦劑）；medicinalteasandtonicsweremadefromsunflowerseedsandroots.

1、Accordingtothepassage,whyweredoctorsintheWestsometimesunabletohelp

theirpatients?

A、Theydidnotknowhowtotreattheunfamiliarillnesses.

B、Theyknewlittleaboutmedicine.

C、Theywerenotgenuinedoctors.

D^Theywereoftenovercomebydiseases.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段第三句說到“Evenwhendoctorswereavailable,theywere

oftennomoreknowledgeablethantheirpatients.”即：醫(yī)生不比病人知道得多。此句

中“nomoreknowledgeable”和選項A中的“didn'tknow”是同義替換。

2、Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutpatentmedicines?

A、Theywerenotavailable.

B、Fewdoctorsknewhowtousethem.

C、Theydidnotworkverywell.

D、Themerchantswhosoldthemwerereliable.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：從文章第一段最后一句中“Andmostpatentmedicineswerenomore

reliable…”可知這些藥的效果也不是很好。故C正確。

3、Itcanbeinferredthatmostofthepioneersreferredtointhepassagewereoriginally

fromintheUnitedStates.

A、thedesert

theWest

C、thestateofMississippi

D、theRast

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：文章第一段“FewwomencameWestpreparedtodealwithdesert

sunburn,rattlesnakebites,orarrowwounds.”可知她們不可能來自西部和沙漠地

帶，乂由第一句中“beforecrossingtheMississippi”可知她們也不可能來自密西西

比。再結(jié)合地理知識可推出她們大多數(shù)來自美國東部。

4、AsusedinLine3,Para.2,thewordncousins"refersto.

A^similarmedicines

B、mosquitoesintheEast

C^peoplewiththesamebeliefs

D、familymembersintheEast

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：由第二段第二句"Westernmosquitoesforexample,provedtobeas

repelledbyapasteofvinegarandsaltasweretheirEasterncousins.”可推理出cousins

指的是mosquitoesintheeasto這樣選詞主要是為避免重復(fù)。

5、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinordertosurviveintheWestthepioneerhad

tobe.

A、sincere

B、friendly

C^resourceful

D、hard-working

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C'

知識點解析：通過全文描述可推斷出要想在西部生存的話必須要能夠足智多謀，隨

機(jī)應(yīng)變，即C項的意思。

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.

Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneis

cooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremely

interestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywcpossesscertain

characteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwo

distinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwo

approachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebate

betweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoas

"nature/nurture'*.Thosewhosupportthe"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatour

personalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgenetics（遺

傳學(xué)）factors.Thalourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,

characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheory

maintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmost

completelygovernedbyourinstincts.Proponentsofthe"nurture"theory,or,astheyare

oftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanour

biologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwcwillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,

seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheir

surroundings.Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic;they

maintainthat,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuli（刺激）asthe

basisoftheirbehavior.Eitherofthesetheoriescannotyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.

Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetv/o

extremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

6、Whichoneofthefollowingstatementswouldsupportersofthe"nature'1theoryagree

with?

A、Aperson'sinstinctshavelittleeffectonhisaction.

B、Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson'sbehaviorandpersonality.

C、Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.

D、Thebehaviorists'viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：從文章第三段開頭提到“Thosewhosupportthe'nature5sideofthe

conflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedby

biologicalandgenelics（遺傳學(xué)）factors."nJ知C是正確答案。

7、Whichoneofthefollowingstatementswouldproponentsofthe"nurture"theory

agreewith?

ANAperson'scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment.

B、Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect.

C^Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.

D、Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：由文章第四段第一句"Proponentsofthe'nurture'theory，or,astheyare

oftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanour

biologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact."可知在持"nurture”理論觀

點的人看來，環(huán)境決定我們的行為。因此選A。

8、B.F.Skinner.

A、supportsthenaturetheory

B、believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality

C、thinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacter

D、believesinstinctsgovernbehavior

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：第四段第二句提到“B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhose

behaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.“止匕題關(guān)鍵是讀出被動句

和shape的意思。文中的sh叩e(塑造)與選項中的“playanimportantrolein

determing”是同義替換。

9^Concerningthenaturc/nurturccontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle.

A、supportsthenaturetheory

B、supportsthenurturetheory

C、believesbotharccompletelywrong

D、thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboth

theories

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：從文中第五段第二句"Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoour

behaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.”可知D正確。

10、IntheUnitedStates,BlackpeopleoftenscorebelowWhitepeopleonintelligence

tests.Withthisinmind,v/hichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A、NatureproponentswouldsaythatWhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoBlacks.

B、SupportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatWhitesscorewellbecausetheyhavea

superiorenvironment.

C、BehavioristswouldsaythatBlackoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmental

advantagesthatWhitesenjoy.

D^NurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatBlacksarebiologicallyinferiortoWhites.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：選項中的B是贊成“天性”學(xué)說的人認(rèn)為美國人取得高分是因為他們

處的環(huán)境比較優(yōu)越，這與其生物和遺傳對人的影響較大的觀點相沖突。故選B。

Whileanewschooltermisabouttobegin,perhapsweshouldreconsiderthematterof

examinations.InJuly,twowriters(LetterstotheEditor)praisedthecancellationof

examsbecausetheybelieve"testsdon'ttellthewholestory.'*Asateacherwhohas

workedinfourcountries,Ihavehadtheexperiencethatastudentwhoearnsgoodmarks

isgenerallyagoodstudent,andthatastudent'sfinalmarkinasubjectisusuallyagrade

averageoftheyear'swork.Ofcoursethereareexceptions,buttheydonothavethe

frequencythatwouldgiveanunfairpictureofastudenfsability.Thesimplefactisthat

properclasswork,diligentexamstudiesandgoodmarksarealmostcertainindicatorsof

astudent'sfutureperformance.Theopposite,almostcertainly,incompetence.Thereisno

acceptablesubstituteforcompetitionandexaminationofquality.Howcanteachersand

futureofficialsdeterminewhatastudenthaslearnedandremembered?Shouldwesimply

takethestudent'swordforit?Anyinstitutionthat"liberates'*studentsfromfairand

formalexamsismisguided,ifnotignorant.Andsurelythe"graduates"ofsuch

institutionswilllacktrustworthiness,nottomentionbeingrejectedbyforeignuniversities

forgraduateorotherstudies.Whenallissaidanddone,Isensethatafearoffailureanda

fearofunpleasantcomparisonswithothersisitthebottomofmostban-examstalk.

Excellenceandqualityfearnothing.Onthecontrary,theyseekcompetitionanddesire

thesatisfactionofbeingthebest.

11、Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorofthispassageagreewith?

A、Testsarenoteffectiveinmeasuringthestudents,abilities.

B、Testsareaneffectivemeasureofthestudents,abilities.

C>Testscanonlymeasuresomeofthestudents1abilities.

D、Testsmaynotbeusefulformeasuringstudents,abilities.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：由文章的描述以及第四段第一句話“Thereisnoacceptablesubstitutefbr

competitionandexaminationofquality.”可知作者認(rèn)為考試是檢驗學(xué)生能力的一項

有效措施。故選B。

12、Thetwowritersmentionedinthefirstparagraph.

A、opposedjudgingstudentsbytheresultsofexams

B、musthaveproposedotherwaysoftestingstudents

C、regardedexamsasawayofpunishingstudents

D、seemedtobeworriedaboutthepoormarksoftheirstudents

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析:從第一段第二句“…twowriters(LetterstotheEditor)praisedthe

cancellationofexamsbecausetheybelieve'testsdon'trellthewholestory'.'訶知A正

確。

13、Accordingtothewriter,astudent'sfinalmark.

A、isoftenencouraging

B、oftengivesafairpictureoftheyear'swork

C、oftenprovesunreliable

D、oftentellswhetherhelikesthesubjectornot

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：從第二段第一句“…andthatastudent'sfinalmarkinasubjectisusually

agradeaverageoftheyear'swork.“可知正確答案為B。

14、Hastudentgraduatedfromauniversitywhichdoesnotrequireexamshe

would.

A^havetocontinuehisstudies

B、haveafeelingoffailure

C、beincompetent

D、notbeadmittedbyforeigninstitutions

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：從第四段末尾“Andsurelythe'graduates5ofsuchinstitutionswilllack

trustworthiness,nottomentionbeingrejectedbyforeignuniversitiesforgraduateor

otherstudies.”可推知正確答案為D。

15、Accordingtothearticle,thosewhodisliketheideaofexaminationsareprobably

afraidof.

A、competingwithotherstudents

B、beinggradedunfairly

C、workingtoohard

D^beingdismissedfromschool

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：由最后一段第一句"Isensethatafearcffailureandafearofunpleasant

comparisonswithothersisatthebottomofmostban—examstalk.”可推斷出AiE

確°

Asscientistslearnmoreaboutthecausesofearthquakes,theybecomebetterableto

predictthem,firstofall,theyknowthatquakesarelikelytooccurinareaswherethe

tectonicplates（地層地殼板塊）pushagainsteachother.Theystudytheseareasclosely,

usingdifferentinstruments.Theymeasurethevibrationsoftheearthwith

seismographs（地震儀），whichrecordonrollsofpaperallmovements,bothlargeand

small.ScientistsusuallyusetheRichterscale（里希特震級儀）namedafterafamous

seismologist（地震學(xué)家），forthesemeasurements.Whenanearthquakemeasuresover4

?5ontheRichterscale,itisstrongenoughtocausedamage.Scientistshavedetermined

thatanareaisnotlikelytohavealargeearthquakewhenmanysmallquakeshavebeen

occurring.Whenthesmallquakesstop,thenpressurebuildsandastrongquakeismore

likely.Thereareseveralotherwaystopredictearthquakes.Scientistscanmeasurethe

tinychangesinthetilt（傾斜）ofthelandthathappenbeforeearthquakesoccur.Increases

intheamountofradon（氮），asubstancefoundindeepwells,aswellasahigherlevelof

waterinthewells,canalsomeanthatanearthquakeislikelytooccur.Inaddition,

scientistshavefoundthatsomeanimals,likedogs,behavestrangelybeforean

earthquake,theybecomenervousandhowl（號叫）.Seismologistshavecorrectlypredicted

severalearthquakes.In1975,theysaidthatanearthquakewouldoccurinLiaoning

Province,China,onemonth,andthenonehour,beforeithappened.In1978,Russian

scientistspredictedanearthquakeintheAltaiMountainssixhoursbeforeitoccurred.

However,not41earthquakesarepredictable,andasystemforpredictingisnotyet

perfected.Nothingonthisearthiscertain.AlthoughpeoplewholiveinCaliforniaand

Japanlivewiththepossibilityofaseriousquake,perhapsthenextstrongearthquakewill

occursomewhereoutsidethe"RingofFire".

16、AccordingtotheinformationinPara.1seismographis.

A>acomputerlikeelectronicinstrumentforpredictingearthquakes

B、aspecialinstrumentforrecordingandmeasuringthevibrationsoftheearth

C、aninstrumentwhichseismologistsusetomakestudiesonthecausesofearthquakes

D、aninstrumentwithwhichseismologistsmeasurethepressurebetweentectonicplates

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段第四句"Theymeasurethevibrationsoftheearthwith

seismographs#也震儀），whichrecordonrollsofpaperallmovements,bothlargeand

small.“解釋了seismographs的意思，故B正確。

17、Accordingtothepassage,alargeearthquakeismostlikelytooccurinan

area.

ANwhereaseriesofminorvibrationsoftheearthhavebeenoccurring

B、thatiswithinthe"RingofFire"butdoesnotseeanyvibrationoftheearth

C^wheremanysmallvibrationsoftheearthhavebeenoccurringandthenacalmperiod

follows

D、wheretectonicplatesfitintoeachotherproperly

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C_

知識點解析：第一段最后兩句話“Scientistshavedeterminedthat...thenpressure

buildsandastrongquakeismorelikely.”與C選項吻合，故C正確。

18、Thefollowingsignsthatshowthecomingofanearthquakearementionedinthe

passageEXCEPTthat.

A、theamountofradonindeepwellsincreases

B、theearthgivesoffflashesoflight

C、thelevelofwaterinthewellsrises

D、someanimalsbecomenervousandbehavestrangely

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：第二段開頭提至小'Thereareseveralotherwaystopredictearthquakes...

可知B不是地震來臨的現(xiàn)象。

19、Accordingtothepassage,theearthquakeoccurredinChina'sLiaoningProvincein

1975.

A、wastwicepredictedbyseismologists

B、tookallthepeopleintheareabysurprise

C^wasfollowedbymanysmallvibrationsoftheearth

D、wascorrectlypredictedbyRussianseismologists

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：文章第二段第六句提到“In1975,theysaidthatanearthquakewould

occurinLiaoningProvince,China,onemonth?andthenonehour,beforeit

happened.”此題的關(guān)鍵是讀出“thenonehour”是第二次預(yù)測。故A正確。

20、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A^Notallearthquakesarepredictablealthoughseismologistshavecorrectlypredicted

some.

B、Seismologywasfullydevelopednowandearthquakepredictionisalwaysreliable.

C、Noearthquakepredictionisreliablesincenothingonthisearthiscertain.

D、Asystemforpredictingtheearthquakeisperfected,butpredictionisnotalways

correct.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：文章中第二段倒數(shù)第三句”...notallearthquakesarepredictable,anda

systemtorpredictingisnotyetperfected.”與A對應(yīng)。

"...WearenotabouttoentertheInformationAge,butinsteadareratherwellintoit."

Presentpredictionsarcthatby1990,aboutthirtymillionjobsintheUnitedStates,or

aboutthirtypercentofthejobmarket,willbecomputer-related.In1980,onlytwenty-one

percentofallUnitedStateshighschoolsownedoneormorecomputersforstudentuse.

Inthefallof1985,anewsurveyrevealedthathalfofUnitedStatessecondaryschools

havefifteenormorecomputersforstudentuse.Andnoweducationalexperts,

administrators,andeventhegeneralpublicaredemandingthatallstudentsbecome

"computerliterate".Bytheyear2000knowledgeofcomputerswillbenecessaryinover

eightypercentofalloccupations.Soonthosepeoplenoteducatedincomputerusewillbe

comparedtothosewhoarcprintilliteratetoday.Whatis"computerliteracy"?Theterm

itselfseemstoimplysomeextentof"knowing"aboutcomputers,butknowingwhat?The

currentopinionseemstobethatthisshouldincludeageneralknowledgeofwhat

computersare,plusalittleoftheirhistoryandsomethingofhowtheyoperate.Therefore,

itisvitalthateducatorseverywheretakeacarefullooknotonlyatwhatisbeingdone,but

alsoatwhatshouldbedoneinthefieldofcomputereducation.Today,mostadultsare

capableofutilizingamotorvehiclewithouttheslightestknowledgeofhowtheinternal

combustionengineworks.Weeffectivelyusealltypesofelectricalequipmentwithout

beingabletotelltheirhistoriesortoexplainhowtheywork.Businesspeopleforyears

havemadegooduseoftypewritersandaddingmachines.Yelfewhaveeverknownhow

torepairthem.Why,then,attempttoteachcomputersbyteachinghoworwhythey

work?Rather,wefirstmustconcentrateonteachingtheeffectiveuseofthecomputeras

thetoolis,"Knowinghowtouseacomputeriswhat'sgoingtobeimportant.Wedon't

talkabout'auto-mobileliteracy'.Wejustgetinourcarsanddrivethem."

21、By1990,thenumberofjobshavingsomethingtodowithcomputersintheUniied

Stateswillbe.

A、79million

B、30million

C、70million

D、100million

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：文章開頭說“…by1990,aboutthirtymillionjobsintheUnitedStates,

oraboutthirtypercentofthejobmarket,willbecomputer—related.“可知B是正確