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【高考英語】專題01(解析版)必修第三冊Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations一輪復習考點通關卷【高考英語】專題01(解析版)必修第三冊Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations一輪復習考點通關卷1/23【高考英語】專題01(解析版)必修第三冊Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations一輪復習考點通關卷單元考點鞏固卷Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations(總分50分;時間30分鐘)一、根據漢語提示拼寫單詞(每題1分,共10分)Theschooloffersagoodlearning(氛圍)andfineteachingservice.
IsentmyteacheracardonTeachers’Daytoexpressmy(感激之情)forherpatientguidance。
Theyservethemostdelicious(烤的)beefsothatwe’resuretohaveagoodmeal。
AttheNewYear'sparty,themonitor,dressedin(戲裝),waspreparingtoactoutacharacterfromoneofShakespeare’sworks。
ItisanunderwaterperformancecelebratingtheDragonBoatFestival,whichfallsonthefifthdayofthefifth(陰歷的)month.
IwouldliketowishyouamChristmasandahappyNewYear.
Hepickedtheeup,stuckastamponit,andthenwenttothepostoffice.
ThereisanicelshowinHarbineveryyearinwinter,whichattractsmanytouristsfromhomeandabroad.
Theyhavetaughtushowtohuntwild(火雞)andhowtoplantcorn。
Tobe(坦誠的)withyou,Idon'tthinkhecangettheposition。
1.atmosphere2。gratitude3。roast4.costume5.lunar6.merry7.envelope8.lantern9.turkeys10.frank二、單句語法填空(每題1分,共10分)1.Incommon________otherofficers,Ihadtoundertakeguardduties.2。Thissortofthingisusualon________(occasion)likethis.3.Aweddingisa________(joy)celebrationoflove.4.Manyothersurveyshaveproducedresultsessentiallyinagreementwiththese________(figure)。5.Theconditionofthehouseis________(reflect)initslowprice。6。________(harvest)graininthe19thcenturyrequiredplentyofhorsepowerandmanpower.7.Afterthehouseisbuilt,howmuchwillitcost________(decorate)?8。Someofthefood________(crop)failed。However,thecottondidquitewell.9.________media,meanwhile,hasblownhotandcoldontheaffair.10.Wewatchedtheharbourandthenthecoastlinefaded________intothemorningmist。答案:1。with2.occasions3。joyful4.figures5.reflected6。Harvesting7。todecorate8。crops9。The10.away三、短語填空(每題1分,共10分)atmosphere,represent,please,fancy,grace,absolute,moment,brief,respect,horrible1.Shetriestocreatean__________ofcalmandsecurityforherchildrenwheretheycanlivehappily.2.Theoldmanwas__________towatchhissonappearonTV。3.MrKingwaschosen__________thecompanyattheconference.4.Weareimpressedwiththe__________withwhichadancerleapsintotheair.5.Hemadehisreasonsforbuyinganothercar__________clear。6.Iwantedasimpleblackdress,nothing__________.7.Ispentafew__________thinkingwhatIwasgoingtosay。8。Thescientistwhoismakingaspeech__________byeveryonepresent。9.Thefamilymembersscreamed__________whentheysawthesnakescrawlingontheground.10。__________speaking,Englishissousefulthatallofusstudentsshouldlearnitwell。答案:1.atmosphere2。pleased3.torepresent4.grace5.absolutely6。fancy7.moments8.isrespected9。horribly10.Briefly四、語篇語法填空(每題1分,共10分)Asweallknow,festivals__1__(celebrate)allaroundtheworldandtheyhave__2__widerangeoforigins,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions,famous__3__(figure),andimportantevents.Ofallthe__4__(tradition)festivals,theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Peoplecelebrate__5__(show)thattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood。Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.Withthe__6__(develop)ofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas,sometraditionsmayfade__7__andothersmaybeestablished.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinesses__8__(take)advantageofthecelebrations。Festivalsreflectpeople’swishes,beliefs,faiths,andattitudestowardslife.Andifyoustudyfestivals__9__(careful),youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealot__10__commonafterall.________2。________3。________4.________5.________6.________7。________8.________9。_______10。________答案1.arecelebrated2.a3.figures4.traditional5。toshow6.development7。away8.taking9。carefully10。in五、完成句子(每題2分,共10分)1.Theparkwasfullofpeople,(他們在陽光下盡情歡樂).2。Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf(立在一角).3.Theman(坐在后面)isMrSmith。4.Thosepeople(希望加入這個俱樂部)shouldsignhere.5。TravellingalongtheoldSilkRoadisan(有趣且值得回報的)experience。
答案:enjoyingthemselvesinthesunshinestandinginonecornersittingatthebackhopingtojointhisclubinterestingandrewarding單元素養檢測卷Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations(總分100分;時間90分鐘)閱讀理解(2023屆江蘇省徐州市高三5月考前模擬考試英語試卷)ASuzhouishometosomewonderfulclassical-stylegardensinChina.Thefollowingarethegreatestexamples.ZhuozhengYuanIt'sthelargestandthemostfamousgardeninSuzhou,perhapsthefinestofitstypeinChina.Throughoutthecenturies,thecentralpartofthegardenstillcontainsitsoriginalMingDynastyflavor.Sinceitissuchalargegarden,withcaves,forests,islands,bridges,paths,andallsortsofpavilionsandhalls,nosimpledescriptionofthegardenwilldo.LiuYuanThe2。3-hectareLiuYuanwasbuiltin1593.ThegardenhasChinesecoupletsbesidenearlyeverygateanddoor.Thesearetwo-linepoemswritteninclassicalChinese.Theiruseinthegardenismeanttosetthetoneforeachsectionandaddtothereflectivenatureoftheexperiencebydescribingordrawingattentiontodifferentfeaturesofthegardeninapoeticway。ShizilinAtalittlelessthanonehectareinsize,Shizilinwasbuiltin1342.Thegardengetsitsnamebecauseitisfilledwithstrangelyshapedrockswhicharesaidtolooklikelionsposinginvariousshapes.Thegarden’smanypathswindthroughcavesandmorerocksthancanbecounted,makingiteasytogetlost。Apartfrombeingbeautifulandinteresting,thegardenisperhapstheoldestrockgardenofitskind,makingitimportanthistorically.HuanxiuShanzhuangAt0。2hectares,HuanxiuShanzhuangisoneofthesmallestoftheimportantgardensinSuzhou。Centeredinapond,ahugerockery,7。2metersinheight,wascreated,usingnearlyeverytechniqueknownintheartform.Awindingpathgoesthroughandaroundtherockery,allowingforittobeviewedfrommanydirections-eachdirectiongivingadifferentideaofwhattherocksrepresent。1.WhatdoweknowaboutZhuozhengYuan?A。Itisfamousfortheforests。 B.It’sthefinestgardeninChina.C。ItdatesbacktotheMingDynasty。 D.Itisarathersimpleandplaingarden。2.WhyarecoupletsputoninLiuYuan?A.Todisplaynaturalbeauty.?B.Tosummarizeasection'scharacteristic。C.Toaddpleasuretovisitors。?D.ToshowthebeautyofclassicalChinese.3。WhatfeaturedoShizilinandHuanxiuShanzhuangshare?A.Flavor.?B。Pond。 C.Couplets.?D.Rocks.【答案】1.C2。B3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文.蘇州是中國古典園林的發源地,文章對蘇州的幾個重要園林進行了簡要介紹.【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據“ZhuozhengYuan"部分的“It’sthelargestandthemostfamousgardeninSuzhou,perhapsthefinestofitstypeinChina。Throughoutthecenturies,thecentralpartofthegardenstillcontainsitsoriginalMingDynastyflavor.(它是蘇州最大、最著名的園林,也許是中國同類園林中最好的.幾個世紀以來,花園的中心部分仍然保留著其原始的明代風味)"可知,拙政園可以追溯到明代。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據“LiuYuan”部分的“ThegardenhasChinesecoupletsbesidenearlyeverygateanddoor。Thesearetwo—linepoemswritteninclassicalChinese。Theiruseinthegardenismeanttosetthetoneforeachsection(花園里幾乎每扇大門旁邊都有中國對聯。這些是用文言文寫的兩行詩。它們在花園中的使用旨在為每個部分定下基調)”可知,留園貼對聯的目的是總結每一個部分的特點。故選B項.【3題詳解】細節理解題.根據“Shizilin”部分的“Atalittlelessthanonehectareinsize,Shizilinwasbuiltin1342.Thegardengetsitsnamebecauseitisfilledwithstrangelyshapedrocks(獅子林的面積不到一公頃,建于1342年.這個花園之所以得名,是因為它充滿了形狀奇怪的巖石)”以及“HuanxiuShanzhuang”部分的“At0.2hectares,HuanxiuShanzhuangisoneofthesmallestoftheimportantgardensinSuzhou.Centeredinapond,ahugerockery,7.2metersinheight,wascreated,usingnearlyeverytechniqueknownintheartform(環秀山莊占地0。2公頃,是蘇州市最小的重要園林之一。以池塘為中心,使用了幾乎所有已知的藝術形式的技術,建造了一座高7。2米的巨大假山)”可知,兩個園林特色中都提到了石頭。故選D項。B(2023年新高考I卷)Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgagramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays。“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful。”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition。Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful。”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A。Sheusedtobeahealthworker.?B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant。?D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids'parentsdistrustedher。 B。Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses。C。Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens。26。Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching。?B.Predictable.C.Short-lived.?D。Unidentifiable.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A。RescuingSchoolGardens?B.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLovers D。ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】24.D25.C26。A27.B【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學校發起的培養學生科學能力,環保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目,讓學生通過體驗鄉村生活,對學生影響深遠。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是這樣的,艾比·哈拉米洛說,她和另一位老師在四所低收入學校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學校花園項目.)"可知,艾比·哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的發起者。故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew。(她說。“他們來找我們,認為蔬菜很可怕,泥土很可怕,昆蟲也很可怕。”雖然有些人一開始害怕昆蟲,對泥土感到厭煩,但大多數人都渴望嘗試新的東西.)”可知,項目之初,一些學生不喜歡園藝工作。故選C.【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues。“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful。”(她補充說,該計劃的好處不僅僅是營養。有些學生對園藝非常感興趣,他們帶回家種子開始自己的菜園。此外,在花園里工作似乎對Jaramillo的特殊教育學生有鎮靜作用,他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問題。“他們走了出去,"她說,“他們覺得成功。”)”可知,這個項目不僅給學生提供了有營養的食物,而且許多學生回家開創了自己的菜園,對有情緒控制問題的學生也起到了鎮靜作用,從而推知,該項目的影響是深遠的.故選A。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow—incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是這樣的,艾比·哈拉米洛說,她和另一位老師在四所低收入學校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學校花園項目。該項目旨在幫助學生培養科學技能、環保意識和健康的生活方式。)"以及下文內容可知,文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學校發起的培養學生科學能力,環保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目,讓學生體驗鄉村生活,對學生影響深遠.因此推斷B項“體驗鄉村生活”符合文意,最適合作為本文標題。故選B。二、七選五(2023屆浙江省諸暨市高三5月診斷性考試英語試題)ThingstoExpectfromYourPeerTutoringSessionPeer(同齡人)tutoringisoneofthemosthelpfultoolstouseduringyourcollegeyearsSometimes,youwillnothavealltheanswersandthatyoumayneedhelp。Thereisprobablynobetterwaytogetsomeacademicassistancethanthatfromyourfellowstudents。____16____ExpectconstructivecriticismThiswillprobablybethemostuncomfortablepartofthesession.Tutorsarebeingharsh(嚴厲的)withyounotbecausetheywanttobemeanandruinyourexistence.____17____Theonlywayforthentoensurethisistobecompletelyhonestwithyou.ExpectchangeYouwillhavetheappointmentwithachangedperspectiveonyourworkandyourmethodofcompletingit.Everytutorhasadifferentlearningstyleandteachingstylethatisuniquetothembutitisuptoyoutousewhattheyteachyoutoyourbestability。Ifatutorteachesyouhowtosolveamathprobleminawaythatmakessensetoyou,butisalsodifferentfromwhatyouhavelearnedinclass,youwillhavetousethatmethodbecauseitworksforyou.____18____Expectdiscipline(sometimes)____19____Wearehumans,ithappens。Itisnothingtobeashamedof。However,ifatutornoticesthatyouhavebeenslackingoff(懈怠),don’tbesurprisediftheycallyououtonit。Yourtutorwantsyoutouseyourpotentialtodothegreatthingsthattheyknowyouarecapableof.ExpectimprovementLastbutnotleastexpecttoimprove.____20____Onceyoupracticewhatyonhavelearnedinthesession,youwillnoticearapidchangeinyourgradesandyourlearningability.Ifyouaskme,IthinkthatiscompletelyworthyofanA+。A.Yourworkinthefuturewillchange。B.Changeisgoodandisnothingtobeafraidof.C。Sometimes,wealltrytogetbywithalittleless.D。Feelfortunatethatyourpeertutorisrecognizingyourmistakes。E.Theysimplywantyoutobethebestofthebesttoyourbestability.F.Peertutoringcanbedifficult,butitsultimategoalisforyoutoimprove.G。Peertutorsareunderstanding,helpful,andespeciallyhonestenoughtohelpyouout。【答案】16。G17.E18。B19.C20.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文.介紹了從你的同伴輔導課程中期待的事情.【16題詳解】根據前文“PeertutoringisoneofthemosthelpfultoolstouseduringyourcollegeyearsSometimes,youwillnothavealltheanswersandthatyoumayneedhelp.Thereisprobablynobetterwaytogetsomeacademicassistancethanthatfromyourfellowstudents.(同伴輔導是你大學期間最有用的工具之一。有時候,你不知道所有的答案,你可能需要幫助。也許沒有比從你的同學那里獲得一些學術幫助更好的方法了)"可知,此處是在講述同伴輔導的好處,所以G項“Peertutorsareunderstanding,helpful,andespeciallyhonestenoughtohelpyouout。(同伴導師是理解的,樂于助人的,尤其是足夠誠實地幫助你)"符合文意。故選G項.【17題詳解】根據前文“Tutorsarebeingharshwithyounotbecausetheywanttobemeanandruinyourexistence。(導師對你苛刻不是因為他們想要刻薄,毀掉你的生活)"根據文意,接下來空處應是和此句構成轉折,講述導師的目的,所以E項“Theysimplywantyoutobethebestofthebesttoyourbestability.(他們只是想讓你成為最優秀的人中的最優秀的人)”符合文意.故選E項。【18題詳解】根據本段小標題“Expectchange(期待改變)"可知,本段主題是改變,分析設空,位于段尾,應是本段的總結句,根據前文“Ifatutorteachesyouhowtosolveamathprobleminawaythatmakessensetoyou,butisalsodifferentfromwhatyouhavelearnedinclass,youwillhavetousethatmethodbecauseitworksforyou.(如果一個家庭教師教你如何用一種對你來說有意義的方式解決一個數學問題,但又不同于你在課堂上學到的,你就必須使用這種方法,因為它對你有用)"所以B項“Changeisgoodandisnothingtobeafraidof.(改變是好的,沒有什么好害怕的)”符合本段主題,且是對前文的總結。故選B項。【19題詳解】根據本段小標題“Expectdiscipline(sometimes)(期待紀律(有時))”可知,本段是講述讓導師監督自己,分析設空,位于本段段首,是本段的中心句,根據后文“Wearehumans,ithappens。Itisnothingtobeashamedof.However,ifatutornoticesthatyouhavebeenslackingoff,don’tbesurprisediftheycallyououtonit.Yourtutorwantsyoutouseyourpotentialtodothegreatthingsthattheyknowyouarecapableof。(我們是人,這是常有的事。這沒什么好羞愧的.然而,如果一個導師注意到你一直在偷懶,如果他們把你叫出來,不要感到驚訝。你的導師希望你發揮你的潛能,去做他們知道你有能力做的偉大的事情)”可知,C項“Sometimes,wealltrytogetbywithalittleless.(有時候,我們都會盡量用更少的付出獲得回報)”符合本段主題。故選C項。【20題詳解】根據本段小標題“Expectimprovement(希望提高)”以及前文“Lastbutnotleastexpecttoimprove.(最后但并非最不重要的一點是期望有所改善)”可知,本段是在講述,輔導的目的是幫助自己進步,所以F項“Peertutoringcanbedifficult,butitsultimategoalisforyoutoimprove.(同伴輔導可能很難,但它的最終目標是讓你提高)”符合本段主題,其中improve為同詞復現.故選F項.三、完形填空(重慶市2022-2023學年高三下學期5月月考英語試題)Inthehistoryoflanguage,wordsriseandfall.Wemakeandremakethem;theymakeandremakeus。Thestoryofawordisascomplexasahurricane.Itis_____21_____toknowforsurehowitcatcheson,meetsnewneeds,andacquiresnewmeanings.Itisimpossibleto_____22_____thedeclineofonewordontheriseofanother.ButinthedestiniesoftwopairsofwordsisasuggestionofaturninginAmerican_____23_____.Itisaturningawayfromanideaofthenaturalworthofthings:from“pleasure",withitssenseofa(n)_____24_____conditionofmind,to“fun”,socloselyaffiliatedwithoutwardactivities;from“excellence”,aninnertraitwhoseattainmentisitsownreward,to“achievement”,whichcomesthroughhardworkand_____25_____.“Pleasure”speaksofastateofmindthatcomesorganically,thatneednotbeartificiallyinduced.“Fun”,thoughalmostthesameas“pleasure”forcontemporaryspeakers,often_____26_____artificialinducement(誘導).Youdon’tfeelfun;youdoafunthing.And“fun"hasnohintofelitism,while“pleasure"does。If“pleasure”comesfrombeing,“fun"comesfromdoingand,often,switchingoffthebrain。ThetransitionofAmericanusagefrom“pleasure”to“fun”perhapspartlyaccountsfortheAmerican_____27_____onactivitiesforalloccasions,ratherthantrustingpleasuretodeveloponitsown。In“Eat,Pray,Love”,thebest-sellingmemoirbyElizabethGilbert,sheconcludesthat“Americanshavean_____28_____torelaxintopurepleasure.Oursisanentertainment—seekingnation,butnot_____29_____apleasure-seekingone。”Italians,______30______,havemastered“belfarniente(thejoyofdoingnothing)”.Thenthereisthe______31______from“excellence”to“achievement”.“Excellence”hasahintofvirtue.Anyonecanachieve,ingarbagecollectionorneurosurgery,buthowmanycantrulybe______32______?“Achievement”,like“fun”,isoutwardinnature。Itcomesindoingspecificthings.Itismoreaboutcheckingboxesthan______33______innerpotentials.Theachievementcultureinfluenceseveryaspectoflifetoday.Fromelementary—schooltestingtothecontinualpressuretoover-scheduleasauniversitystudent,educationalcultureemphasizestheaccumulationofachievementsellectualsparkle.WallStreetstumbled(絆跌)inpartbecausesomanychasedachieverbonuseswhileneglectingthe______34______ofexcellenceintheirvocation.AnAmericancultureofimmediatecelebrityteachesyoungpeoplethatfameisa(n)______35______initselfratherthananincidentalsymptomofexcellenceincraft.21。A.necessary B。difficult C.possible?D。crucial22。A.impose?B.criticize C.impress D.blame23。A。literature?B.culture C.history?D。population24.A.peaceful B。uneasy?C.internal?D.external25.A。recognition B。admission C。identification?D.reflection26.A。covers B。hides?C。involves D.connects27。A。persistence?B。resistance?C。existence?D。insistence28。A.inaction?B.inspiration C.inability?D。instinct29。A.absolutely B.particularly?C。specifically?D。necessarily30.A.forexample B.infact C。inthelongrun?D.onthecontrary31。A.exchange?B.transformation C.transition D。transplantation32。A。distinguished?B.outstanding C。excellent D。successful33.A。abandoning?B.fulfilling?C.enhancing D。awarding34。A。core?B.purchase C.nature D.pursuit35。A.process B.progress?C.consequence D.end【答案】21。B22。D23.B24。C25.A26.C27.D28。C29。D30。D31。C32。C33。B34.D35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文,講述了美國人對pleasure和fun,excellence和achievement這兩組詞使用頻率的變化,即pleasure和excellence使用頻率降低,fun和achievement使用頻率增加,指出并分析美國文化所發生的轉變。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我們很難確切知道它是如何流行起來的,是如何滿足新需求的,以及是如何獲得新意思的.A。necessary必要的;B.difficult困難的;C。possible可能的;D.crucial至關重要的.根據前一句中的“ascomplexasahurricane"可知,知道一個詞流行、滿足新需求以及擁有新詞義的方式是很難的。故選B.【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析.句意:我們不可能將某一詞的衰退歸咎于另一詞的興起。A。impose推行;B。criticize批判;C。impress給……留下深刻的好印象;D。blame歸咎,責怪。故根據上文中的“Inthehistoryoflanguage,wordsriseandfall。(在語言的歷史中,詞語跌落起伏)”可知,詞語有興有落,這是自然的現象,所以不能將一個詞的衰退歸咎到其他詞的興起上。選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但兩組詞的命運卻暗示了美國文化的轉變。A.literature文學;B。culture文化;C。history歷史;D.population人口。根據最后一段中的“Americanculture”可知,此處是culture的原詞復現。故選B。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析.句意:這是對注重事物內在價值這一觀點的偏離:從表示內心狀態的“愉悅”到和外部活動緊密相關的“娛樂”;從其成就本身即為回報的內在品質“卓越”到歷經苦干和認可獲得的“成就”。A。peaceful和平的;B.uneasy不安的;C。internal內部的,內在的;D。external外部的,外在的。根據后面的“to‘fun’,socloselyaffiliatedwithoutwardactivities”可知,此處pleasure和fun對照,所以空處應和outward對照,表示“內心狀態".故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.recognition認可;B.admission承認;C。identification確認;D。reflection反映.根據空前的“‘achievement’,whesthroughhardwork”可知,此處只歷經苦干和認可才獲得的“成就"。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析.句意:“娛樂”雖然對現代人來說幾乎和“愉悅”相同,但通常含有人為誘導的因素.A.covers覆蓋;B.hides隱藏;C。involves包含;D。connects將……聯系起來。根據上文中的“comesorganically”和空后的“artificialinducement(刺激)”可知,這里指“娛樂"含有人為誘導的因素。故選C。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:美國人從“愉悅”到“娛樂”使用的轉變,可能在一定程度上解釋了美國人在所有場合都堅持行動,而不相信愉悅會自行生成。A.persistence鍥而不舍;B。resistance反對;C。existence存在;D.insistence堅持。insistenceon意為“堅持”,為固定搭配。故選D.【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在ElizabethGilbert最暢銷的回憶錄《美食,祈禱,愛》中,她總結道,“美國人無法放松到純愉悅中.我們是一個尋求娛樂的國家,但不一定是一個尋求愉悅的國家.”A。inaction無行動;B。inspiration啟發;C.inability無能,不能;D.instinct本能。根據上文中的“ratherthantrustingpleasuretodeveloponitsown"可知,美國人不相信愉悅會自行生成,所以他們不能放松到純愉悅的狀態.故選C。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我們是一個尋求娛樂的國家,但不一定是一個尋求愉悅的國家。A。absolutely絕對地;B。particularly特別;C.specifically具體地;D.necessarily必然地。notnecessarily意為“不一定”,為固定搭配.故選D。【30題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意:而意大利人則掌握了“無所事事”之美。A.forexample例如;B.infact事實上;C。inthelongrun從長遠來看;D.onthecontrary恰恰相反.根據上一句“Oursisanentertainment-seekingnation,butnot_____9_____apleasure-seekingone.(我們是一個尋求娛樂的國家,但不一定是一個尋求愉悅的國家)”和下文中的“havemastered‘belfarniente(thejoyofdoingnothing)’”可知,美國人和意大利人的情況是相反的。故選D.【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:還有從“卓越”到“成就”的轉變。A.exchange交換;B.transformation(徹底的)變化;C.transition轉變,過渡;D。transplantation移植。根據上文中的“ThetransitionofAmericanusagefrom‘pleasure'to‘fun’”可知,上文講述了pleasure到fun的轉變,此處為transition的原詞復現,講述了另一組詞的轉變。故選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析.句意:無論是撿垃圾者還是神經外科醫生,任何人都可以取得成就,但真正卓越者有幾人?A.distinguished杰出的;B。outstanding出色的;C.excellent卓越的;D.successful成功的。根據上文中的“from‘excellence’to‘achievement’”和本句中的“achieve"可知,此處是問有多少人能真正做到卓越。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:它與其說是發揮內在潛能,不如說是勾選(任務完成與否的)復選框.A。abandoning拋棄;B.fulfilling實現;C.enhancing促進;D.awarding獎勵.根據前面的“checkingboxes"可知,此處是說發揮內在潛能。fulfilpotential意為“發揮潛能”。故選B。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:華爾街出現不順利的部分原因是許多人追求成就者獎金,而忽視了在職業中追求卓越。A。core核心;B.purchase購買;C.nature自然;D。pursuit追求.根據前面的“chasedachieverbonuses”可知,此處與之對應,說的是追求卓越.故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:追逐即時聲名的美國文化教給年經人的是:名望本身是追求的終極目標,而非卓越技能的偶然現象.A。process過程;B。progress進步;C.consequence后果;D.end目的.根據后面的“anincidentalsymptom”可知,這里與之相反,是說不是偶爾現象,而是終極目標.故選D.四、語法填空(2023屆福建省福州市普通高中畢業班5月質量檢測英語試卷)Chinaunveiled(公布)alistofthecountry'stop10scientificachievementsfor2022。Itfeaturedbreakthroughsinbasicresearch____36____(range)fromspacesciencetoagriculture.Chinacompletedthein-orbitconstruction____37____itsspacestation,withtwomannedspaceshipsandtwo20-tonne-levellabmodules____38____(send)intoorbit.TheFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalRadioTelescope(FAST),alsoknownasthe“ChinaSkyEye”,achievedanumberof____39____(discovery),includinganewrepeatingfastradioburstitdetected。InOctober,China____40____(launch)asolarexplorationsatellitecalledKuafu-1intospacetosettlethemysteriesofthesun,producing____41____(it)firstsolarimageinNovember。Inthefieldofagriculture,Chineseresearchersidentifiedyield—relatedgenesincornandrice,____42____allowsfortheirgrainoutputtobeincreasedbyabout10percentand8percent,respectively.Thisyear’slistofthecountry’stop10scientificadvancesisthe____43____(twenty-nine)annualeventofitskind.ThegoalofthelististoshowcaseChina’s____44____(late)achievementsofbasicresearchinsomefundamentalfields_____45_____encourageChinesescientistsandengineerstoworkhardforachievingqualityself—relianceinscienceandtechnology.【答案】36。ranging37.of38.sent39.discoveries40.launched41.its42.which43.twenty-ninth44。latest45。and【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文.文章主要介紹了中國公布了2022年中國十大科學成就名單。【36題詳解】考查非謂語動詞.句意:它在從空間科學到農業的基礎研究方面取得了突破.句中已有謂語動詞,所以用非謂語動詞.名詞research與range之間為主動關系,所以用現在分詞作后置定語.故填ranging。【37題詳解】考查介詞。句意:中國完成了空間站在軌建設,兩艘載人飛船和兩個20噸級實驗艙送入軌道。名詞construction和itsspacestation之間為所屬關系,所以用介詞of。故填of.【38題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:中國完成了空間站在軌建設,兩艘載人飛船和兩個20噸級實驗艙送入軌道.這里為with的復合結構。介詞with后賓語labmodules與send之間為被動關系,所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語.故填sent。【39題詳解】考查名詞的數.句意:500米口徑球面射電望遠鏡(FAST),也被稱為“中國天眼”,取得了許多發現,包括它探測到的一個新的重復快速射電暴.anumberof許多,后接可數名詞的復數形式。故填discoveries。【40題詳解】考查時態。句意:在10月,中國向太空發射了一顆名為“夸父一號”的太陽探測衛星,以揭開太陽的神秘面紗,并于11月拍攝了第一張太陽圖像.根據時間狀語InOctober可知,陳述過去事情,用一般過去時態。故填launched.【41題詳解】考查代詞。句意:在10月,中國向太空發射了一顆名為“夸父一號"的太陽探測衛星,以揭開太陽的神秘面紗,并于11月拍攝了第一張太陽圖像。名詞solarimage前用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。【42題詳解】考查定語從句.句意:在農業領域,中國研究人員在玉米和水稻中發現了與產量相關的基因,這使得它們的糧食產量分別增加了約10%和8%。句中先行詞為genesincornandrice,在非限定性定語從句中作主語,所以用關系代詞which引導。故填which.【43題詳解】考查數詞。句意:今年的中國十大科學進步榜單是第29屆此類年度活動。根據定冠詞the和句意可知,表示“第29屆”,所以用序數詞形式.故填twenty—ninth。【44題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意:該名單的目的是展示中國在一些基礎領域的最新基礎研究成果,并鼓勵中國科學家和工程師努力實現科學技術的質量自主。結合句意,表示“最新的基礎研究成果”,用形容詞最高級形式。故填latest。【45題詳解】考查連詞。句意:該名單的目的是展示中國在一些基礎領域的最新基礎研究成果,并鼓勵中國科學家和工程師努力實現科學技術的質量自主。句中“showcaseChina’s____9____(late)achievementsofbasicresearchinsomefundamentalfields”和“encourageChinesescientistsandengineerstoworkhardforachievingqualityself-relianceinscienceandtechnology."之間為并列關系,所以用并列連詞.故填and。讀后續寫(2023屆安徽省江淮十校高三下學期5月聯考英語試卷)閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。MywifeandIneverhadagreenthumbwhenitcametokeepingplantsalivefarmorethanafewweeks.So,whenIwasdiagnosedwithcancerwedidn'teventhinkaboutaddingaplanttooursmallapartment。Butoneday,myfriendstoppedbyandgaveusabeautifulplantasagift,insistingthatitwouldbringlifetoourhomeandasenseofcalmnessduringthisdifficulttime。Surprisingly,theplanttookoffandgrewbeautifully,anditbroughtasenseofjoytoourhomethatwedesperatelyneeded.TendingtotheplantgavemeasenseofaccomplishmentatatimewhenIsometimesfeltuseless.Iamaphysician,andtakingcareoftheplantmademefeellikeacaregiveronceagain。Itwasnicetobeabletonurturesomethingandwatchitgrow。SincemydiagnosisinAugust
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