PAGEPAGE15.閱讀理解(2篇)＋完形填空＋短文改錯Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·遼寧沈陽市郊聯體一模)話題：幫助別人詞數：296難度：★★WhenKatieStaglianowas9yearsold，shewasgivenaclassprojecttogrowherfirstcabbagefromjustoneseed.Shetookithomeandplanteditinherhomegarden.Itdidn’teventakeitlongtocomeupandbegintogrow.Butasfriendscameover，theypointedoutthatitwasbiggerthananyoftheirs.Anditgrewsomuchthatthecabbageendedupweighing40pounds!Katiethendecidedthatshecouldusethiscabbagetodosomethingniceforthecommunity.Soshetookthehugecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen，wheretheyusedit，andcookeditwithhamandrice.Andbecauseofhercabbage,275peoplewerefed.Shebegantorealizethatgardeningandhelpingpeopleiswhatshelikestodomost.So，shedecidedtostartherfirstgardenonaplotoflanddonatedbyherschool.“Ithinkifmorekidsgettoexperiencegardeningtheywouldfindouthowcoolitisandhowmanypeoplecanbefedifyoudonateyourproduce，”saidKatie.Now，just9yearslater，Katieis18yearsold，andhassetupherownbusinesscalled“Katie’sKrops”withthehelpofherfamilyfriends.Butthisdoesn’tevencomeclosetotheotheramazingpart.Shehasraisedover200,000dollars!Andthereareover100Katie’sKropswithin33statesintheUnitedStates.Shelovesgardeningandlovesinspiringotherchildrentoexperiencethejoyofgardeningaswell.Asoftoday，herfirstgardenisstilldoingamazingthingsandisevenresponsibleforsupplyingover3,000poundsofproducedonatedtolocalcharities.Hergoalnow?Toget500gardensacrossall50states.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了凱蒂小時候體驗到了種植和利用種出來的作物幫助別人的樂趣，因此開啟了她的慈善事業。1．HowdidKatiedealwithherfirstcabbage?A．Sharingitwithhercommunity.B．Presentingittotheschoolkitchen.C．Eatingitwithherfamily.D．Givingittoherfriends.答案A解析細微環節理解題。依據第一段最終三句可知，凱蒂利用這個卷心菜為社區做了一些事情，把卷心菜送去一個當地的流淌廚房，在那里供275個人食用，故可知，她與社區的人共享了卷心菜，故選A。2．WhatinspiredKatietohelpothersbygardening?A．Thesupportfromherschool.B．Thegardeningandsharingexperience.C．Theencouragementofcommunity.D．Theadmirationofherfriends.答案B解析細微環節理解題。依據其次段首句“Shebegantorealizethatgardeningandhelpingpeopleiswhatshelikestodomost.”可知，種菜和幫助別人是她最喜愛做的事情，因而開啟了她的慈善生涯，故選B。3．WhydoesKatiesuggestmorechildrenlearntogarden?A．Shethinksgardeningiscool.B．Sheneedsmorepeopletohelpher.C．Shehopestoearnmoremoney.D．Shewantsthemtoexperiencethejoy.答案D解析細微環節理解題。依據最終一段第四句“Shelovesgardeningandlovesinspiringotherchildrentoexperiencethejoyofgardeningaswell.”可知，她喜愛種植，也喜愛激勵其他孩子去體驗種植帶來的樂趣，故選D。4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebriefintroductionofKatie’sKrops.B．Theamazingbenefitsofgardening.C．Katie’sachievementandfutureaim.D．Thejoyofgardeninganddonation.答案C解析段落大意題。由最終一段其次、三句可知，凱蒂籌集了超過20萬美元，在美國33個州有超過100個Katie’sKrops；再依據段尾的“Hergoalnow?Toget500gardensacrossall50states.”可知，本段主要講解并描述了凱蒂慈善事業的成就以及將來的目標，故選C。B(2024·江西新余一模)話題：時間旅行詞數：382難度：★★★TimeTravelIfyoucouldtravelintime，wherewouldyougo?PerhapsyouwouldwatchanoriginalperformanceofaShakespeare’splayinElizabethanEngland?WhatabouthangingoutwithLaoziintheSpringandAutumnPeriod?Ormaybeyou’dvoyagefaraheadofthepresentdaytoseewhatthefutureholds.Thepossibilityoftimetravelisindeedappealing.Storiesexploringthesubjecthavebeenaroundforhundredsofyears.PerhapsthebestknownexampleissciencefictionnovelTheTimeMachine，whichwaswrittenbyH．G.Wellsandpublishedin1895forthefirsttime.Itwasadaptedintoatleasttwofeaturefilmsofthesamename，aswellastwotelevisionversions，andalargenumberofcomicbookadaptations.Itisgenerallycreditedwiththepopularizationoftheconceptoftimetravelusingavehiclethatallowsanoperatortotravelpurposefullyandselectively.Theterm“timemachine”，coinedbyWells，isnowuniversallyusedtorefertoavehicletransportingpeopleintothefarfuture.Butcouldtimetravelactuallybepossible?Somescientistssayyes，intheory.Theyproposeusingcracksintimeandspacecalled“wormholes”，whichcouldbeusedasshortcutstootherperiods.Einstein’stheoryofrelativityallowstimetravelinextremecircumstances.AndBritishphysicistStephenHawkingsaysyoucouldtravelintothefuturewithareallyfastspaceshipgoingatnearlythespeedoflight.Thoughbuildingsuchaspaceshipwouldofcoursebenosimpletask.Evenifyoucouldtravelintothepast，thereissomethingcalledthe“grandfatherparadox”．Itaskswhatwouldhappenifatimetravelerweretogobackintimeandhavehisowngrandfatherkilledforsomereason，andthereforepreventhimselffrombeingborn.Ifthetimetravelerwasn’tborn，howwouldhetravelbackintime?Andwouldyoureallyliketovisitthefuture?InH．G.Wells’book，themaincharactertravelsintodistanttimewherehearrivesatabeachandisattackedbygiantcrabs.Hethenvoyages30millionyearsintothefuturewheretheonlylivingthingisablackobjectwithtentacles(觸角)．Ifthat’swhat’sinstore，maybewearebetterjustlivinginthepresentdayafterall.語篇解讀這是一篇爭論文。人類始終對時間旅行很感愛好。從理論上來說，時間旅行是可以的。但是，從另一個角度而言，時間旅行未必是件好事。因此作者認為我們還是活在當下好。5．ThenovelTheTimeMachinementionedinParagraph2aimstoshow.A．thecontributionofH．G.WellsB．thestory’sdifferentfeaturesC．thelonghistoryoftimetravelD．people’sinterestintimemachine答案D解析細微環節理解題。依據其次段內容可知，時間旅行的可能性的確很吸引人。探究這個主題的故事已經有幾百年了。小說《時間機器》就是一個例子。由此可知，在其次段中提到這部小說就是想表明人們對時間旅行的愛好。故D選項正確。6．Einstein’sandHawking’stheories.A．suggestthepossibilitytoinventthetimemachineB．pushtheinventionofthefirstspaceshipC．haveprovedwrongbysometimetravelersD．havesimilaritiesinmanyway答案A解析細微環節理解題。依據第三段第四、五句可知，愛因斯坦的相對論表明在極端狀況下可以進行時間旅行。英國物理學家斯蒂芬·霍金說，可以用一艘特別快的宇宙飛船以接近光的速度旅行到將來。由此可知，霍金和愛因斯坦的理論證明白獨創時間機器的可能性。故A選項正確。7．InParagraph4，“grandfatherparadox”probablyreferstotheideathat.A．thetravelerispreventedfrommeetinghisgrandfatherB．thegrandfather’sdeathmakesthetraveler’sbirthimpossibleC．thetravelergoesbackintimetoseekforhisgrandfatherD．thereunionofthetravelerandhisgrandfatherbringshappiness答案B解析細微環節理解題。第四段提出了聞名的時間旅行的駁論“祖父悖論”，即假如一個時間旅行者回到過去，在自己的父親誕生前把自己的祖父殺死了，那么這個時間旅行者就不會誕生。也就是祖父的去世使時間旅行者無法誕生。故選B項。8．Accordingtothepassage，whatisprobablytheauthor’sattitudetowardstimetravel?A．Skeptical. B．Unclear.C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.答案A解析觀點看法題。第三段提到從理論上來說，時間旅行是可能的。但是，第四段提到的“祖父悖論”使得時間旅行變得不現實。第五段以H.G.威爾斯的書為例，表明即使回到過去也有可能遭受險境。因此在最終一段作者提到：或許我們還是活在當下更好。由此可知，作者對時間旅行存在懷疑，懷疑其真實的結果。故A選項正確。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·湘贛十四校高三二模)話題：外國人在北京詞數：276難度：★★IunderstoodChineseculturesonlyseenonTVandinbooksbutonlymadelittleheadwaylearningChinese.9，itdidnotmatter.Thepatience，generosityand10ofstrangersleftmepleasantlysurprisedwithBeijing.I11neededChinese.Onmybirthday，forexample，Iwas12inthecity.EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown，soIdecidedto13adayofitmyself.Iwentshopping.Afterthreehappyhours，Iwentconfidentlyuptothe14andforaminute，I15everyonespokeEnglish.Butafter16myitems，thewomanbehindthecounterspokeinChinese，andallIcoulddowasstare17.Ithoughtshewasaskingcashorcard，soIpulledoutsomenotes，butshe18herhead.Westoodthereforafewminutes19anothercashiersaid，“Acoupleofyour20arepartofthesaleandcannotbeexchangedor21oncebought.”Anotherday，IwenttothepolicestationasIhadlostmywalletina22land.Duringthat20-minutetalk，Irealizedtheeagernessand23ofpeople.SpeakinginamixofChineseandEnglish，theyoungpoliceofficerdidallhecouldtoputme24.Heknewthatasforeignerswewerenervousatthepolicestation，sohesmiledandspoke.Intheend，the25tookacoupleofhoursandthewalletdidnot26anymore.Ihadmadeafriend.Therearemany27andunforgettablememoriesofgettingbywithout28，butperhapswithoutthefriends’help，Beijingmaynothavebeensoeasytonavigate.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了一個外國人在北京的生活經驗。文章最終點明中心：摯友的幫助給他在北京的生活帶來了便利和歡樂。9．A.Lastly B．HoweverC．Instead D．Thus答案B解析由下文“itdidnotmatter”可知，前后文語意應當是轉折關系，故選However。10．A.sacrifice B．effortsC．warmth D．promise答案C解析由常識及語境可知選warmth。11．A.rarely B．basicallyC．completely D．totally答案A解析通過下文舉的例子，可以知道作者在生活中很少運用中文，故選rarely。12．A.still B．evenC．only D．alone答案D解析由空后“EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown”以及myself可得知，作者的摯友都不在城里，故選alone。13．A.make B．needC．do D．plan答案A解析makeadayofit意為“大快朵頤玩一天”，固定搭配。故選A。14．A.exit B．storeC．counter D．hall答案C解析由語境可知，作者買完東西后，走向柜臺結賬，故選counter。15．A.realized B．recognizedC．guaranteed D．assumed答案D解析我以為大家都說英語。assume認為，假定，符合文意。故選D。16．A.ringingup B．showingupC．pickingup D．clearingup答案A解析ringup將(款項)輸入現金出納機，也就是買東西時候的“掃碼”。故選A。17．A.poorly B．helplesslyC．quickly D．patiently答案B解析依據上下文可知，收銀員不會英文，作者很無助，故選helplessly。18．A.waved B．noddedC．shook D．hung答案C解析她搖了搖頭。shakeone’shead搖頭，固定搭配，故選C。19．A.until B．asC．after D．for答案A解析依據上下文的語意“我們站在那里好幾分鐘，直到另一個收銀員說……”可知選until。20．A.expenses B．purchasesC．supplies D．parcels答案B解析句意為：你買的一些東西是打折品，一經售出，不退不換。故選B。21．A.accepted B．canceledC．returned D．broken答案C解析參見上題解析。return返還，歸還。故選C。22．A.foreign B．sameC．different D．new答案A解析aforeignland意為“生疏的地方”。由上下文可知，作者是一位在北京生活的外國人，故選foreign。23．A.happiness B．wisdomC．excitement D．kindness答案D解析依據下文內容可知，一個年輕的警察竭盡所能讓作者放松下來。smiledandspoke表達了他的友善，故選D。24．A.forsure B．ateaseC．inorder D．inplace答案B解析參見上題解析。forsure的確；atease放松，舒適，自由；inorder整齊；inplace適當，在適當的位置。故選B。25．A.incident B．procedureC．question D．survey答案B解析依據上文可知找錢包這個“過程”花費了幾個小時。procedure意為“程序，手續，步驟”，符合上下文語境。26．A.matter B．stayC．change D．return答案A解析錢包不再重要了。matter意為“緊要，有重大影響”，符合上下文語境。27．A.interesting B．amusingC．pleasant D．admiring答案C解析結合選項以及后文的unforgettablememories，可推知選pleasant。28．A.cellphone B．policeofficersC．Chinese D．cashiers答案C解析getbywithoutChinese意為“不用中文也能牽強應付”，符合上下文語境。Ⅲ.短文改錯(2024·山東日照一模)話題：探望父母詞數：110難度：★★LastweekIwenttocountrysidetovisitmyparents.Ienjoyedthewarmlyfamilyatmosphere.Thatevening，agroupoflocalactorcametogiveaperformanceinthevillagehall.Whenthenewsgetsaround，excitementfilledthewholevillage.Unluckily，myglasseswasbroken.Asaresult，Icouldn’tgoandwatchit.Allmyparentswenttothehall，whichmanyvillagershadwaitedanxiously.Ididnothingbutsitonthesofa，listenedtoEnglishprogramsontheradio.Twohourslater，Iheardaknockoverthedoor.Theperformancewasfinishedandmyparentsreturnedbackhome.答案LastweekIwenttoeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))countrysidetovisitmyparents.Ienjoyedtheeq\f(warmly,warm)familyatmosphere.Thatevening，agroupoflocaleq\f(actor,actors