牛津譯林版八年級英語下冊Unit3OnlinetoursGrammarSimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseWeusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.pastpresentDanielwenttoBeijingtwoyearsago.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.DanielhaslivedinBeijingfortwoyears.pastpresenttwoyearsagotwoyearsago一般過去時構成用法常用時間狀語動詞的過去式1.表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。2.表示過去經常或反復發生的動作。yesterdaylastnighttheotherdaytwodaysago…一般過去時一般過去時概念不同（concepts）(1)一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的事、存在的狀態或經常發生的動作。說話的側重點只在于陳述一件過去的事情，不強調對“現在”產生的影響。(2)現在完成時表示的動作或狀態與現在的情況有聯系，側重這一動作對現在所造成的影響。Past

present

Shewasbornin2012.20122015Shehaslivedwithmesince2012.Shehaslivedwithmeforabout3years.動作發生在過去動作發生在過去，一直持續到現在動作發生在過去，對現在有影響NancyhasbeentoJapantwice.到目前為止，動作發生了多少次1.三年前他參加英語課程。He________Englishcoursethreeyearsago.2.他已經參加英語課程3年了。He_________Englishcourseforthreeyears.

hastakentookHaveatryWeusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.pastpresentDanielboughtanewcomputerlastmonth.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouttheresultofanaction.Whentheactionhappenedisnotveryimportant.Danielhasboughtanewcomputer.(Hehasacomputernow.)pastpresentlastmonth現在完成時動詞構成have/has+v過去分詞助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou…?Hashe…?just,already,(not)yet,ever,never,before,recently,

severaltimes,since,for,Sofaruptonowuntil/tillnow常與下列時間狀語連用:目前到目前為止

一直到今日;至今

我上個月看了《少年的你》。I________

BetterDays

lastmonth.我已經看過了《少年的你》。I______________BetterDays

already.

watchedHaveatryhavewatchedWeusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.pastpresentHevisitedCanadain2010and2011.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotellhowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow.HehasbeentoCanada

twice.pastpresent20102011Readandtellthedifference:Mr.Wu

visitedCanadain2010and2011.Mr.Wu

hasbeentoCanadatwice.HowmanytimeshasMr.WuvisitedCanadatillnow?Wedon’tknow.Wearenotsureifhevisiteditafter2011.Twice.Butwedon’tknowwhenhevisitedit.Differences:構成不同（1）TomwenttoLondonlastyear.(2)LilyhasbeentoLondontwice.一般過去時：動詞的過去式。現在完成時：“助動詞have/has+過去分詞”Readandtellthedifference:Mr.Wu

visitedCanadain2010and2011.Mr.Wu

hasbeentoCanadatwice.Workouttherule:Weusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotell___________anactionhashappenedtillnow.howmanytimes2.用法不同（1）Ihadsupperanhourago.我一小時前吃的晚飯。

（表示過去的動作）（2）Ihavejusthadsupper.我剛剛吃過晚飯。

（強調對現在的影響———我不餓）（3）Hewasateacherthen.他那時是個教師。

（表示過去的狀態）（4）Hehasbeenateachersincethen.他從那時起一直當教師。（他現在還是教師）MyfriendNeillivesintheUK.He_______(visit)thePalaceMuseumonlinetheotherday.I________(see)manylocalartsonthewebsiteofHangzhouArtsandCraftsMuseumlastweek._____youever_____

(try)theonlinegamesonthewebsiteoftheShaanxiHistoryMuseum?I_________(learn)alotfromDigitalDunhuangbynow.

visitedsawHavetriedhavelearntI______________________.我已經把窗戶關了。(強調窗戶現在是關著的，但關窗戶的動作發生在過去。)I__________________halfanhourago.半小時前我關了窗戶。(強調窗戶是在半小時前關的，現在是否關著并不知道。)haveclosedthewindowclosedthewindowReviewtherules:Weusethesimplepasttense?totellwhathappenedinthepast.?totalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.?totellhowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow.Weusethepresentperfecttense?totalkabouttheresultofanaction.Hisfriend__________inthistown____oneyear.他的朋友在這個鎮上待了一年了。(他的朋友現在還待在這個鎮。)Hisfriend________inthistown____oneyear.他的朋友在這個鎮上待過一年。(他的朋友現已離開這個鎮。)hasstayedforstayedfor1.具體的時間狀語（1）一般過去時的時間狀語yesterday,theotherday,once,lastweek,...ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow等。（2）現在完成時的時間狀語

for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,(not)till,recently,uptonow,until/tillnow等。用法不同

1.Wehaven’tseemhimsincelastyear.

我們自從去年以來一直未見到他。

（現在還未見到）

2.Wedidn’tseehimlastyear.我們去年沒見到他。

（現在不一定未見到）

3.Whohasopenthedoor?誰把門開了？

（現在門還開著）

4.Whoopenedthedoor?誰開的門？

（指過去，和現在無關。）

（現在不知道門開的還是關的）◆現在完成時常用到的時間狀語有already,never,ever,just,yet,sofar,since...,for,inthepast/last...等；一般過去時常用到的時間狀語有yesterday,atthattime,justnow,last...,...ago等。Timeexpressions:before,onecenturyagolastnight,overthepast/lastfewyearsuptonow,tillnowin1999,once/twice/manytimesthedaybeforeyesterday,sofartheotherday,justjustnow,recentlyDiffencesbetweenthetwoASimonistalkingwithMillieaboutsomeonlinevisits.Comletetheirsenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.1.MyfriendNeillivestheUK.He_______(visit)theplaceMusemonlinetheotherday.2.I_______(see)manylocalartsonthewebsiteofHangzhouArtsandCrafsMuseumlastweek.3._______youever________(try)theonlinegamedonthewebsiteoftheShanxiMuseum?4.I_____________(learn)alotfromDigitalDunhuangbynow.visitedsawHavetriedhavelearntBMrWuisaskingthestudentstomakesentenceswiththecorrecttenses.Helpthemcompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.1.I________________(finish/just)myhomework.Millie________(finish)herhomework20minutesago.2.I______(write)anemailtomyfriendyesterday.Daniel_________________(write/already)twoemails.hasalreadywrittenhavejustfinishedwrotefinished3.I______(be)inHainanlastweek.Someofourclassmates_____________(notbe)toHainanyet.4.I__________(live)inSunshineTownsinceIwasborn.Daniel_____(live)inNanjingin2007.washavennotbeenhavelivedlived【運用】一.從所給選項中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。(

)1.—When______you______here?—Twodaysago.A.did;come

B.have;comeC.will;come

D.do;come

A(

)2.—Anicecar!Isityours?