新外研版Book3

UsinglanguageI(P86-87)Unit6DisasterandhopeLearningObjectivesInthisclass,youwill●gettoknowtheellipsisinEnglish;●learntheusageoftheellipsisinEnglishanddosomeexercises.

Lookatthetwodialoguesandpayattentiontothepartsintheblanks.(1)A:

I’m

hungry.

B:

Are

you

(hungry)?

A:

Yeah.

I

didn’t

have

lunch

today.

B:

(Do

you)

Want

some

sandwiches?

A:

Are

there

any?

B:

Yeah.

(I’ve)

Just

madesome.(2)A:

(It)

Looks

like

rain.

B:

Oh,I

hope

(it

does)

not

(rain).

A:

Why

(do

you

hope

it

doesn’t

rain)?

B:

We

have

a

soccer

game

today,

(do

you)

remember?

A:

Do

we

(have

a

soccer

game

today)?

Where

(will

it

be)?

B:

(It

will

be)

In

the

bigger

playground!

1

Lookatthesentences

andcomparethem.Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences(a)and(b)?Whydoestheauthorleavethemout?Toavoidrepeatingthewordorexpressionthatistooobviousandmakethesentencesmoreconcise.2Findoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.Technology

isn’t

the

only

way

to

forecast

the

weather.Naturehasitsways,too.Unusual

animal

behaviour,forexample,

can

indicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’s

on

theway

or

a

hot,

dry

period.

If

fisharejumpinghigherthan

usual

or

frogs

are

croakingmoreloudly,itmayrain.Andnexttimeyoulookupat

thesky,

don’t

just

look

for

rain

clouds,

but

also

for

birds.Iftheyareflying

low,

grab

your

umbrella.It

is

alsosaidthatmiceandsnakesheadforsaferground

several

daysbeforeanearthquake,while

dogs

avoiding

the

Beachmaybe

a

sign

that

a

tsunami

is

approaching.

Of

course,althoughthesethingsmaysuggest

something

bad

isgoingtohappen,theywon’ttellus

whenand

where.So,

for

accurate

and

reliable

predictions,it’s

best

tocheckan

official,

scientificreport.

(toforecasttheweather)that’sonthewaythanusuallooksomethingbadisgoingtohappensomethingbadisgoingtohappenTheuseofellipsisinEnglish省略是一種避免重復、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的語法手段。與漢語-樣，英語中的省略也較為常見。一般來說，只要不損害結構或引起歧義，能省略的地方就可以省略。省略的意義：可使語言更加簡潔，意思更加明確，句子結構更加緊湊。省略是指省去可以根據上下文語境或情景語境恢復的句子成分。英語中存在多種多樣的省略現象，句子中既可以省略主語、謂語、謂語的一部分或賓語，也可以一起省略主語和謂語。省略在口語和書面語中都非常普遍。省略的使用包括但不局限于以下情況:Whatisellipsis？一簡單句的省略1、省略主語祈使句中主語通常省略;

其它省略主語多限

于少數現成的說法。

(1)(I)Thank

you

for

your

help.(2)

(I)See

you

tomorrow.

(3)

(It)Doesn’t

matter.(4)(I)Beg

your

pardon

2、省略主謂或主謂語的一部分

(1)

(There

is)

No

smoking.

(2)

(Is

there)

Anything

wrong?

(3)

(Will

you)

Have

a

smoke?

(4)

What/How

(do

you

think)

about

a

cupof

tea?

(5)

Why

(do

you)

not

say

hello

to

him?

3、省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to,但如果該賓語是動

詞be或完成時態，則須在之后加上be或have:

(1)-Are

you

going

there?

-Yes,

I’dlike

to(go

there).

(2)

He

didn’t

give

me

the

chance,

though

hehadpromisedto

(give

me

the

chance).

(3)

-Are

you

an

engineer?

-No,

but

I

want

to

be(an

engineer).

(4)

-He

hasn’t

finished

the

taskyet.

-Well,

he

ought

to

have(finished

the

task).

4、省略表語

(1)-Are

you

thirsty?

-

Yes,

I

am

(thirsty).

(2)

His

brother

isn’tlazy,

nor

is

his

sister(lazy).

5、同時省略幾個成分

(1)

Let’s

meet

at

the

same

place

as

(we

met)yesterday.(2)

--Have

you

finished

your

work?

--(I

have)

Not

(finished

my

work)

yet.二主從復合句中的省略及其他情況的省略。

1、主句中有一些成分被省略

(1)(I’m)

Sorry

to

hear

youare

ill.

(2)(It’sa)Pity

that

he

missed

sucha

goodchance.

(3)

-

Is

he

coming

back

tonight?

-I

think

so.

(4)

-

She

must

be

busy

now?

-Ifso,

she

can’t

go

with

us.

(3)-

Is

she

felling

better

today?

-I’m

afraid

not.

(4)

-

Do

you

think

he

will

attend

the

meeting?

-I

guess

not.

情況例句并列句She

went

to

the

clinic

and

(she)

saw

a

doctor.

Sally

will

be

arriving

today

and

Ann

(will

be

arriving)

tomorrow.

John

once

smoked

like

a

chimney,

but

he

doesn’t

(smoke)

now.表示比較的從句She

looks

older

than

my

mother

(does).

The

weather

isn’t

as

good

as

(it

was)

yesterday.對話(I’m)

Sorry

I

couldn’t

come.

(Pass

me)

The

salt,

please.

A:

Are

you

coming?

B:

Yes

(I’m

coming).2其他情況的省略情況例句告示、標牌、報紙標題(There

will

be)

Roadworks

ahead!

(A)

Millionaire

(was)

poisoned

(in

his

home)

in

Beverly

Hills.習慣用語What

if

(=What

will/would

happen

if)

World

War

III

should

happen?

We

need

to

solve

the

problem

as

soon

as

(it

is)

possible.

Why

not

(=Why

don’t

you)

clean

the

room

after

breakfast?課文回顧Removewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconcise.China’srescueeffortsinNepalThe8.1magnitudeearthquakethathitNepalon25April2015,wasoneoftheworstearthquakesinhistory.Onhearingthenews,Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.Internationalrescueteamssoonbegantoarriveinthecountry.Amongstalltheinternationalheavyrescueteams,theChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)wasthefirstinternationalheavyrescueteamtoarrive.Consistingof62people,itnotonlyincludedrescuersandmedicalstaff,butalsoincludedearthquakeexperts.ByearlyMay,emergencyaidworth9.7millionUSdollarshadbeendonatedbyChina,withafurtherroundofemergencyaidtofollow.Exercises1.

Someone

has

used

my

mobile

phone,

but

I

don’tknowwhohasusedit.2.

John

worked

hard

but

his

brother

did

not

work

hard.3.

I

have

lazy

students

and

hardworking

studentsin

my

class.4.

---

Has

he

ever

been

abroad?---

No,

he

has

never

been

abroad.5.

If

it

is

necessary,

we