大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷54（共9套）

（共220題）

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、詞匯理解(本題共70題，每題1.0分，共70分。)

Aninvestigatorintoihedrugoverdose(服藥過H.)deaihofMarilynMonroe43years

agoFridaystillisnotconvincedshekilledherself.JohnW.Miner,whoinvestigated

Monroe'sdeathasaLosAngelesCountyprosecutor,claimsMonroe'spsychologist,Dr.

RalphGreenson,playedhimsecretaudiotapesmadebythestarduringoneofhertherapy

sessions[Cl]beforeherdeath.Akey[C2]ofthealleged(所謂

的)tapes,accordingtoMiner,isthatMonroewasnot[C3]andwasactively

planningtobecomeaserious,Shakespeareanactress.Minersayshetookcareful,hand-

writtennotesofthetapesandlaterproducedanear-exacttranscript.Thereisno[C4]

Miner'sclaimsaretrue,sinceDr.Grccnsonisnowdeadandnooneelseclaims

tohaveheardthetape.nYouaretheonlypersonwhowilleverknowthemost[C5]

thoughtsofMarilynMonroe,"sheallegedlytoldherdoctor.InMiner's

transcript,Monroediscussedherplansto[C6]Shakespeare."No[C7]

personcouldpossiblythinkthatthepersonwhomadethosetapeskilled

herself,"Minersaid.Shealsomayhaverecordedherfeelingsabouthavingto[C8]

offherromance(羅曼史)withRobertKennedy."Thereisnoroominmylife

forhim,"sheallegedlysaid."IguessIdon'thavethe[C9]tofaceuptoitand

hurthim.Iwantsomeoneelsetotellhimit'sover.Itriedtogetthepresidenttodoit,but

Icouldn't[CIO]him."A)proofE)boldI)revelationM)depressedB)

reasonableF)breakJ)pursueN)assignmentC)postponeG)optimisticK)courage0)

reachD)secretH)shortlyL)constantly

1、(Cll

標準答案：H

知識點解析：本句不缺任何必須成分，故可優先考慮副詞作狀語。本句中的during

oneofhertherapysessions表明該副詞其后的時間狀語應為一次性的，在詞庫的兩

個副詞中，constantly是一個表示持續性的副詞，故可排除，答案為shortly。

2、[C2]

標準答案：I

知識點解析：此處需要名詞作句子的主語核心詞，本句是為了進一步說明上一句提

到的磁帶揭示了什么秘密，詞庫中的revelation和secrel在語義上都與此有關。根

據本句的謂語部分可知該秘密已經揭開，而secret一詞含有“不為人知、尚未揭曉”

的意思，不妥當，因此答案為revelation。

3、（C31

標準答案：M

知識點解析：此處需要形容詞、名詞或動詞的分詞作表語。根據and這個表示并列

關系的信號詞可判斷空白處需要一個表示消極意義的詞，故答案為depressedo

4、[C4]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：空白處前的Thereisno提示，此處需要名詞，可以是不可數名詞，也

可是單數可數名詞。根據后面since引導的從句以及前文所說是Dr.Greenson把

錄音帶放給Milner聽的，可推斷主句暗示“死無對證”，故答案為proof。

5、[C5]

標準答案：D

知識點解析：空白處前的由cmost和空白處后的thoughts提示，此處需要形容詞作

ihoughls的定語。這句話是夢露對她的醫生說的，結合該句中的onlyperson等可推

斷secret最適合，表明只有醫生一個人知道她的秘密。

6、[C6]

標準答案：J

知識點解析?：由不定式信號詞2可推斷，此處需要動詞原形。第2段末句提到夢

露曾經planningtobecomeaserions,Shakespeareanactress>本句同樣講到了夢露和

莎士比亞，由此可判斷本題答案為pursue（應求）。

7、[C7]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處需要形容詞或分詞作person的定語。根據文中所述Miner"的調

杳和發現以及他的觀點可判斷他認為夢露并不是自殺的，由此可確定此處需要一個

表示積極意義的詞，故答案為reasonable。

8、[C8]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：空白處前的havingio提示，此處需要動詞原形，且可與off搭配，根

據空白處后的內容可以準斷該動詞表明夢露和肯尼迪“結束”戀情，故break最適

合。

9、[C9]

標準答案:K

知識點解析：空白處前的定冠詞the提示，此處需要名詞作have的賓語。根據face

uplo這個信號詞組以及下文【wantsomeoneelsetotellhimi「sover.可判斷此處答

案為courage,表明夢露沒有勇氣來面對這件事情。

10、[C10]

標準答案：0

知識點解析：空白處前的couldn't提示，此處需要動詞原形，且該詞能后接賓語。

根據but一詞的作用可推斷該動詞表明的動作與前面分句中get的意思相同。在該

句中表明沒能“聯系至『'總統，故答案為reach。

二、長篇閱讀(本題共，0題，每題1.0分，共70分。)

WhatDocsaCreditCardBringUs?[AJ"Chargeit!"Itthosetwowordssoundfamiliar,

itisnowonder.Over75millionAmericansusecreditcardslopayfbreverythingfrom

ticketsonAmericanAirlinestoAAAcarrentalAndthenumberofcardholdersincreases

everymonth.Infact,mostAmericansreceiveatleasttwoorthreecreditcardapplications

inthemaileverymonth.TheFirstCreditCard[B]Atthebeginningofthetwentieth

century,peoplehadtopaycashforalmostallproductsandservices.Althoughtheearly

partofthecenturysawanincreaseinindividualstorecreditaccounts,acreditcardthat

couldbeusedatmorethanonemerchantwasnotinventeduntil1950.Itallstartedwhen

FrankX.McNamaraandtwoofhisfriendswentouttosupper.TheSignificantDinner

|C|Duringthedinner,theydiscussedaproblemofoneofMcNamara'scustomerswho

hadborrowedsomemoneybutwasunabletopayitback.Thisparticularcustomerhad

gottenintotrouble,whenhehadlentanumberofhischargecards(availablefrom

individualdepartmentstoresandgasstations)tohispoorneighborswhoneededitemsin

anemergency.Forthisservice,themanrequiredhisneighborstopayhimbackthecost

oftheoriginalpurchaseplussomeextramoney.Unfortunatelyfortheman,manyofhis

neighborswereunabletopayhimbackwithinashortperiodoftimeandhewasthen

forcedtoborrowmoneyfromtheHamiltonCreditCorporation.[D|Attheendofthe

mealwithhistwofriends,McNamarareachedintohispocketfbrhiswalletsothathe

couldpayforthemeal(incash).Hewasshockedtodiscoverthathehadforgottenhis

wallet.Tohisembarrassment,hethenhadtocallhiswifeandhaveherbringhimsome

money.McNamaravowednevertoletthishappenagain.[E]Mergingthetwoconcepts

fromthatdinner,thelendingofcreditcardsandnothavingcashonhandtopayforthe

meal,McNamaracameupwithanewidea——acreditcardthatcouldbeusedatmulti-plc

locations.Whatwasparticularlynewaboutthisconceptwasthattherewouldbea

middlemanbe-tweencompaniesandtheircustomers.McNamaradiscussedtheideawith

histwofriendsandthethreepooledsomemoneyandstartedanewcompanyin1950

whichtheycalledtheDinersClub,anditwasgoingtobeamiddleman.[F]Thefirst

DinersClubcreditcardsweregivenoutin1950to200people(mostwerefriendsand

acquaintancesofMcNamara)andacceptedby14restaurantsinNewYork.Thecards

werenotmadeofplastic;instead,thefirstDinersClubcreditcardsweremadeofapaper

stockwiththeacceptinglo-cationsprintedontheback.ThePopularityofCreditCards

(1)AmongMerchants[G]Foramerchant,theanswerisobvious.Bydepositingcharge

slipsinabankorotherfinancialinstitutions,themerchantcanconvertcreditcardsales

intocash.Inreturnforprocessingthemerchant'screditcardtransactions,thebank

chargesafeethatrangesbetween1.5and5percent.Typically,small,independent

businessespaymorethanlargestoresorchainstores.Let'sassumethatyouuseaVisa

creditcardtopurchaseamicrowaveoventor$400fromRichardsonAppliance,asmall

retailerinTexas.Attheendoftheday,theretailerdepositsyourchargeslip,alongwith

otherchargeslips,checks,andcurrencycollectedduringtheday,atitsbank.Ifthebank

chargesRichardsonAppliance5percenttoprocesseachcreditcardtransaction,thebank

deductsaprocessingfeeofS20($400x0.05=$20)foryourcreditcardtransactionand

immediatelydepositstheremainder($380)inRichardsonAppliance'saccount.Actual

bankfeesarcdeterminedbythevolumeofcreditcardtransactions,totaldollaramountof

creditsales,andhowwellthemerchantcannegotiate.(2)AmongConsumers[H]Forthe

consumer,creditcardspermitthepurchaseofgoodsandservicesevenwhenthefunds

arelow.Todaymostmajorcreditcardsareissuedbybanksorotherfinancialinstitutions

incooperationwithVisaInternationalorMasterCardInternational.Theuniquefeatureof

bankcreditcardsisthattheyextendalineofcredil(信用貸款之最高限額)lothe

cardholder,muchasabank'sconsumerloandepartmentdoes.Thuscreditcardsprovide

immediateaccesstoshort-termcreditforthecardholder,whoinstructsthebanktopay

(hemerchantimmediatelyandpaybackthebanklater.Ofcourse,theabilitytoobtain

merchandiseimmediatelyandpayforitlatercanleadtocreditcardmisuse.Todaythe

averageAmericancardholderhasacreditcardbalanceinexcessof$2,000.Andwith

typicalfinancialchargesrangingfrom1percentto1.5percentamonth,youcanendup

payinglargefinancecharges.Forexample,ifyoucarrya$2,000balanceonyourcredit

cardandyourcreditcardcompanycharges1.5percentamonth,yourmonthlyfinance

chargewillbe$30($2,000x0.015=$30).Andthemonthlyfinancechargescontinue

untilyoumanagetopayoffyourcreditcarddebt.CreditCard:FriendorEnemy?|I|A

creditcardcanbeyourfriendbecauseitcangetyouthroughunexpectedemergencies.

Andifthereisaproblemwiththeproductsorserviceyoupurchasewithyourcreditcard,

youhaveanopportunitytowithholdpaymentbyaskingthecreditcardcompanyto

"chargeback"totheretaileruntilthedisputeissettled.Monthlycreditcardstatements

canalsohelpyoukeepyourrecordsinorder.Finally,ifyoumakepaymentsontime.the

cardhelpsyoutoestablishagoodcredithistory.|J]Acreditcardcanbeyourenemy

becauseitisaninvitationtopurchaseitemsyoureallydonotneed.Thecreditcard

companies*continuousoffersoflowminimumpayments,cashadvances,andeven

monthswithoutpaymentsmayseemlikeawaytoskatethroughamoneycrunch.In

reality,yourfinancechargesandfeesonlyincrease,andyougodeeperintodebt.

II、Byprocessingthemerchant'screditcardtransactions,thebankcanchargesome

feesasrewards.

標準答案：H

知識點解析：本句不缺任何必須成分，故可優先考慮副詞作狀語。本句中的during

oneofhertherapysessions表明該副詞其后的時間狀語應為一次性的，在詞庫的兩

個副詞中，constantly是一個表示持續性的副詞，故可排除，答案為shortly。

12、WhenMcNamaracalledhiswifetobringsomemoneytopaythesuppenhefelt

embarrassed.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：此處需要名詞作句子的主語核心詞，本句是為了進一步說明上一句提

到的磁帶揭示了什么秘密，詞庫中的revelalion和secrel在語義上都與此有關。根

據本句的謂語部分可知該秘密己經揭開，而secret一詞含有“不為人知、尚未揭曉”

的意思，不妥當，因此答案為revelation。

13、Thecreditcardcompanycanbeaskedto"chargeback"totheretailerifadisputeis

notsettled.

標準答案：M

知識點解析：此處需要形容詞、名詞或動詞的分詞作表語。根據and這個表示并列

關系的信號詞可判斷空白處需要一個表示消極意義的詞，故答案為depressed。

14>Likeabank'sconsumerloandepartment,bankcreditcardsmakealimitofcreditto

cardholders.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：空白處前的Thereisno提示，此處需要名詞，可以是不可數名詞，也

可是單數可數名詞。根據后面since引導的從句以及前文所說是Dr.Greenson把

錄音帶放給Milner聽的，可推斷主句暗示“死無對證”，故答案為proof。

15、Acreditcardcanbeyourenemybecauseitinvitesyoutopurchaseitemsyoureally

donotneed.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：空白處前的themost和空白處后的thoughts提示，此處需要形容詞作

thoughts的定語。這句話是夢露對她的醫生說的，結合該句中的onlyperson等可推

斷secrel最適合，表明只有醫生一個人知道她的秘密。

16、Comparedwithindividualstorecreditaccounts,thecreditcardsissuedin1950were

morewidelyacceptedbymerchants.

標準答案：J

知識點解析：由不定式信號詞I。可推斷，此處需要動詞原形。第2段末句提到夢

露曾經planningtobecomeaserions,Shakespeareanactress,本句同樣講到了夢露和

莎士比亞，由此可判斷本題答案為pursue（追求）。

17、DinersClub,offeringacreditcardthatcouldbeusedatmanydifferentplaces,

workedasamiddlemanbetweencompaniesandtheircustomers.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處需要形容詞或分詞作person的定語。根據文中所述Miner的調

查和發現以及他的觀點可判斷他認為夢露并不是自殺的，由此可確定此處需要一個

表示積極意義的詞，故答案為reasonable。

18^Asthecreditcardprovidestheconveniencetopayforthemerchandiselater,the

cardholdermayeasilysinkintocreditcardmisuse.

標準答案：F

知識點解析：空白處前的havingto提示，此處需要動詞原形，且可與。ff搭配，根

據空白處后的內容可以布斷該動詞表明夢露和肯尼迪"結束''戀情，故break最適

合。

19、McNamara'scustoircrgotintotroublebecausehispoorneighborscouldn'tpayhim

backwithinashortperiodoftime.

標準答案：K

知識點解析?：空白處前的定冠詞the提示，此處需要名詞作have的賓語。根據face

upto這個信號詞組以及下文Iwantsomeoneelsetotellhimit'sover.可判斷此處答

案為courage,表明夢露沒有勇氣來面對這件事情。

20>Thelocationsof14restaurantsinNewYorkwereprintedonthebackofthefirst

DinersClubcreditcards.

標準答案：。

知識點解析：空白處前的couldn't提示，此處需要動詞原形，且該詞能后接賓語。

根據but一詞的作用可推斷該動詞表明的動作與前面分句中get的意思相同。在該

句中表明沒能“聯系至『‘總統，故答案為reach。

三、仔細閱讀（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70分。）

Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheysee

onTV一iftheyevergethomeintime.Therearesimilarities,ofcourse,butthecopsdon't

thinkmuchofthem.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman'srealliferevolvesroundthe

law.Mostofhistrainingisincriminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsare

crimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyas

muchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthe

darkandrain,runningdownanalleyaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistime

isspentinchattingtoscantily-clad（衣著暴露的）ladiesorindramaticconfrontations

withdesperatecriminals.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwords

onthou-sandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguilty-or

not-ofstupid,pettycrimes.Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminals:

assoonashe'sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchof

aproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattack—wherefailure

toproduceresultsreflectsonthestandingofthepolice—littleeffortisspenton

searching.Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehis

caseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.So,aswell

asbeingoverworked,adetectivehastobeoutatallhoursofthedayandnight

interviewinghiswitnessesandpersuadingthem,usuallyagainsttheirownbestinterests,

tohelphim.

21、Thefirstsentenceimpliesthat.

A>thelifeoftherealpolicemenandthatofthepolicemenonTVareentirelydifferent

B、therealpolicemenwillfindthesimilaritiesiftheycangethomeinlime

C、therealpolicemenseldomcangethomeintimetowatchTV

D、thepolicemenshownonTVcanalwaysgethomeintime

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查對第1句的理解。if引出的條件狀語從句前的

破折號表明這個假設是相對于之前的看電視來說的，而不是相對于整句話的，因

此，這個句子只是給予一些附加的信息：真實生活中的警察沒有時間回家，連看電

視都趕不上。由此可見，選項C是正確的理解。選項A說法過于絕對，與原文的

hardly不符。

22、Itisessentialforapolicemantobetrainedincriminallaw.

A^sothathecancatchcriminalsinthestreets

B、becausemanyofthecriminalshehastocatcharcdangerous

C、sothathecanjustifyhisarrestsincourt

D、becausehehastoknownearlyasmuchaboutlawasaprofessionallawyer

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查內在的因果關系。從第2段的第3句可以推斷

出答案，選項A毫無原文依據，原文中也并沒有暗示選項B和D這兩種因果關

系。

23、Theeverydaylifeofapolicemanordetectiveis.

A、excitingandglamorous

B、fullofdanger

C、devotedmostlytoroutinematters

D^wastedonunimportantmatters

標準答案：c

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查對長句的理解。根據第3段第2句可以推斷出

答案。本題最具干擾性的是選項B,按照常識，警察的工作通常都被認為很危險，

但是第3段首句由little引出的倒裝句表明了他們并不是時時都與罪犯交鋒，處于

危險之中，因此選項B不對。

24Whenmurdersandterroristattacksoccur,thepolice.

A、prefertowaitforthecriminaltogivehimselfaway

makegreateffortstotrytotrackdowntheirman

C^trytomakeaquickarrestinordertokeepuptheirreputation

D、usuallyfailtoproduceresults

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查對復合句的理解。答題關鍵在于正確理解第4

段最后一句，except引出的句子暗示警方只有在遇到特別嚴重的犯罪時才會盡力破

案，選項B是對這個意思的歸納。本題最具干擾性的是選項D,文章雖有failureto

produceresulls出現，但只是為了說明警方沒破案會影響其聲譽。選項D涉及的是

其結果，文章并未提及破案的結果。

25、What'sthebesttitlefbrthepassage?

A、PolicemenandDetectives

Detectives,Life-FactandFantasy

C、TheRealityofBeingaDetective

D、DramaandReality

標準答案：B

知識點解析：主旨大意題。由全文第1段可知本文是一篇對比的文章，第2段首句

的Thefirstdifference更確定了本文的主題，表明全文將會對比真實的警察生活與

電視上的刑事劇，因此只有選項B能概括文中對比的雙方。

Inamomentofpersonalcrisis,howmuchhelpcanyouexpectfromaNewYorktaxi

driver?Ibeganstudyingthisquestionandfoundtheanswersinteresting.OnemorningI

gotintothreedifferenttaxisandannounced,"Well,it'smyfirstdaybackinNewYorkin

sevenyears.I'vebeeninprison."Notasingledriverreplied,soItriedagain."Yeah,I

shotamaninReno."Iexplained,hopingthedriverwouldaskmewhy,butnobody

asked.TheonlyresponsecamefromaGhanaiandriver,"Reno?ThatisinNevada?"Taxi

driverswereuniformlysympatheticwhenIsaidFdjustbeenfired.*'ThisisAmerica,"a

Haitiandriversaid."Onedoorisclosed.Anotherisopen.'*Hearguedagainstmyplanto

burndownmyboss'shouse.APakistanidrivereventurneddownachancetoprofitfrom

mylossofhope;herefusedtotakemetothemiddleoftheGeorgeWashingtonBridge一

a$20trip."Whyyouwanttogothere?Gohomeandrelax.Don'tworry.Takeanew

job."OneveryhotweekdayinJuly,whilewearingaredskimaskandholdingastuffed

pillowcasewiththeword"BANK"onit,Itriedcallingataxifivetimesoutsidedifferent

banks.Thedriverpickedmeupeverytime.MyridewithaHaitiandriverwastypicalof

thesuperbassistanceIreceived."Let'sgoacrossthepark."Isaid."Ijustrobbedthebank

there.Igot$25,000.""$25,000?"heasked."Yeah,youthinkitwaswrongtotakeit?"

"No,man.Iwork8hoursandIdon'tmakealmost$70.IfIcandothat,Idoittoo.1'As

wcapproached86thandLexington,IpointedtotheChemicalBank."Hey,there's

anotherbank,"1said,"CouldyouwaithereaminutewhileIgoinside?""No,1can'twait.

Paymenow."Hisreluctancemayhavehadsomethingtodowithmoney—taxidrivers

thinktherateforwaitingtimeistoolow—butIthinkhewantedmetolearnthatevena

bankrobbercan'texpectunconditionalsupport.

26>FromtheGhanaiandriver'sresponse,wccaninferthat

A、hewasindifferentioihekilling

B、hewasafraidoftheauthor

C、helookeddownupontheauthor

D、hethoughttheauthorwascrazy

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。從第2段最后一句的onlyresponse可以看出這個司機只

問了一個與殺人無多大關系的問題，由此可見。司機對此事毫不關心，態度冷漠。

27>WhydidthePakistanidriverrefusetotaketheauthortothemiddleoftheGeorge

WashingtonBridge?

A、Becausehewasabletohelptheauthortofindanewjob.

B、Becausehewantedtogohomeandrelax.

C、Becauseitwasfarawayfromhishome.

D、Becausehethoughtthattheauthorwouldcommitsuicide.

標準答案：D-

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題的關鍵在于必須知道在美國，高聳的大橋通常是人

們自殺的場所，有了這個背景知識，就能從第3段最后兩句推斷出司機以為作者要

到華盛頓橋去自殺。

28、WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutNewYorktaxidrivers?

A、Theyarereadytohelpyoudowhateveryouwantto.

Theyrefusetopickupthosewhowouldkillthemselves.

C、Theyaresympatheticwiththosewhoareoutofwork.

D、Theyworknnlyfnrmoney.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。答案可從第3段第1句話中找到，選項C是該句的同

義替換。選項A中的dowhaleveryouwarnto過于絕對。選項B不符合邏輯，因為

司機不可能先問乘客是否要自殺才決定要不要載這個乘客。巴基斯坦司機的例子表

明司機不都是只為了錢，因此選項D不正確。

29、Whatistheauthor'sinterpretationofthedriver'sreluctance"towaitoutsidethe

ChemicalBank"?

A^Thedriverthoughtthattherateforwaitingtimewastoolow.

B、Thedriverthoughtitwrongtosupportataxiriderunconditionally.

C>Thedriverwasfrightenedandwantedtoleavehimassoonaspossible.

D、Thedriverdidnotwanttohelpasuspecttoescapefromabankrobbery.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節題。本題考查對復雜句的理解。答案可以在文章的最后一句

話中找到，破折號后面but引出的轉折句才是作者對司機不愿等人的解釋。選項A

是一般出租車司機的想法，選項C和D都無原文依據。

30、Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A、howtopleasetaxiriders

B、howtodealwithtaxiriders

C、theattitudesoftaxidriverstowardsridersinpersonaltrouble

D、theattitudesoftaxidriverstowardstroublesometaxiriders

標準答案：C

知識點解析：主旨大意題。文章開篇第1句話就是整篇文章的主題句，接下來的各

段內容都是圍繞此主題展開的。本題最具干擾性的是選項D,事實上，該選項中的

troublesome意為“煩人的”，而不是“陷入麻煩的”，因此不能用該詞形容文中的乘

客，這樣就可以排除選項D了。

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、仔細閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

WhenfamiliesgatherforChristmasdinner,somewillsticktoformaltraditionsdating

backtoGrandma'sgeneration.Theirtableswillbesetwiththegooddishesandsilver,

andthedresscodewillbeSunday-best.Butinmanyotherhomes,thischina-and-silver

elegancehasgivenwaytoastoneware（粗陶）-and-stainlessinformality,withdresses

assuminganequallycasual-Fridaylook.Forhostsandguests,thechangemeansgreater

simplicityandcomfort.FormakersoffinechinainBritain,itspellseconomichardtimes.

LastweekRoyalDoulton,thelargestemployerinStokc-on-Trcnt,announcedthatitis

eliminating1,000jobs——one-fifthofitstotalworkforce.Thatbringstomorethan4,000

thenumberofpositionslostin18monthsinthepottery（陶究）region.Wedgwoodand

otherpotteryfactoriesmadecutsearlier.Althoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsin

Asiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshaking

socialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany"hasbeen

somewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend"towardcasualdining.Familieseattogether

lessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleorthey

eatinfrontoftelevision.Evendinnerparties,iftheyhappenatall,havegonecasual.Ina

timeoflongworkhoursanddemandingfamilyschedu.es,busyhostsinsist,rightly,that

it'sbettertoshareatakeoutpizzaonpaperplatesinthefamilyroomthantowaitforthe

perfectmomentora"real"dinnerparty.Toooften,theperfectmomentnevercomes.Iron

afine-patternedtablecloth?ForgetitPolishthesilver?Whohastime?Yetthelossof

formalityhasitsdownside.Thefinepointsofetiquette（禮節）thalchildrenmightonce

havelearnedatthetablebyobservationorinstructionfromparentsandgrandparents

（"Chewwithyourmouthclosed.""Keepyourelbowsoffthetable.*'）mustbepickedup

elsewhere.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybe

competentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.

1、Thetrendtowardcasualdininghasresultedin.

A、bankruptcyoftinechinamanufacturers

B、shrinkingofthepotteryindustry

C、restructuringoflargeenterprises

D、economicrecessioninGreatBritain

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。首先依據題目中的casualdining找到第2段中的

informalityo其后有兩個for引導的介詞短語，后一個說“對于英國精致瓷器的制造

商來說，這(informality)意味著經濟困難時期”；此外，第3段用數據具體指出陶瓷

業裁員之嚴重，說明陶瓷業在萎縮，即B。A、D均屬夸大事實，C與文章內容無

關。

2、Whichofthefollowingmaybethebestreasonforcasualdining?

A、Familymembersneedmoretimetorelax.

Busyschedulesleavepeoplenotimeforformality.

C、Peoplewanttopracticeeconomyintimesofscarcity.

D、Youngpeoplewon'tfollowtheetiquetteoftheoldergeneration.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據倒數第2段第2句中指出現今休閑文化流行的背

景：工作時間長，家庭生活節奏緊張，B中的Busyschedules與文中的demanding

familyschedules對應，故為答案。

3、ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatRoyalDoultonis.

A、aretailerofstainlesssteeltableware

B、adealerinstoneware

C、apotterychainstore

D、aproduceroffinechina

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節題。RoyalDoulton在文章中出現過兩次：第3段說它裁

員,因為人們用餐越來越隨意(不再講究餐具的精致)；第4段中“Aspokesmanfor

RoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany…”，暗示公司的性質,可以推斷它是精制

器皿的生產者。

4、Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis.

A、theincreasedvalueofthepound

B、theeconomicrecessioninAsia

C、thechangeinpeople'swayoflife

D、thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad

標準答案：c

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據題目中的ihelayoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的

havetheirrootsin相當于題目中的maincauseis,shifts相當于C中的change。其實

本題與第1題是交叉相關的，從第1題的題目可找到本題的答案。

5、Refinedtablemanners,thoughlesspopularthanbeforeincurrentsociallife,.

A、arestillamustoncertainoccasions

B、areboundtoreturnsoonerorlater

C^arestillbeingtaughtbyparentsathome

D、canhelpimprovepersonalrelationships

標準答案：A

知識點解析：事實細節題。根據最后一段，特別是第2句“Thefinepointsof

etiquette...mustbepickedupelse-whcre良好的餐桌禮儀必須在其他地方被重拾起

來“，可知禮儀在某些場合還是必要的，故答案為A。

Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'sacquisitionofeachnew

skill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingand

writing.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthis

cansetupdangerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild.Thismight

happenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly,ayoungchildmight

beencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.On

theotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearning

opportunities,heloseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthings

forhimself.Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnesstowardstheirchildren.Some

maybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters.Othersaresevereovertimesofcominghome

atnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsof

theparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild'sownhappiness.As

regardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,consistencyisvery

importantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisno

foundationformorality.Also,parentsshouldrealizethat"exampleisbetterthan

precept".Iftheyarenotsincereanddonotpractisewhattheypreach（說教）,their

childrenmaygrowconfusedandemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrowoldenoughto

thinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.Asudden

awarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents'principlesandtheirmoralscan

beadangerousdisappointment.

6、Eagerlywatchingthechild'sacquisitionofnewskills.

A、canbeavoided

B>isuniversalamongparents

C^setsupdangerousstalesofworryinthechild

D、willmakehimloseinterestinlearningnewthings

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節題。第1段第1句中的everyparent,often等詞表明這種做

法在父母中是非常普遍的，顯然B與之相符。A或法無原文依據，且由原文可看

出題干所述現象是很難避免的；C中dangerous一詞在原文中本是修飾其他情緒，

故C不符；D是過多地讓孩子自己一個獨處的后果，不是題干所述行為的后果。

7、Intheprocessofchildren'slearningnewskillsparents.

A、shouldencouragethemtoreadbeforetheyknowthemeaningofthewordstheyread

B、shouldnotexpecttoomuchofthem

C、shouldachieveabalancebetweenpushingthemtoohardandleavingthemontheir

own

D、shouldcreateasmanylearningopportunitiesaspossible

標準答案：C:

知識點解析：推理判斷題。第1段第2句說明父母逼得太過分，應避免。最后一句

則說明對小孩太放任自流同樣不利。由這兩點，我們可以做出如下判斷：父母對孩

子的“嚴，，和“松，，之間有一個恰當的“度:C與之相符。

8、Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusthat.

A、parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildren

B、parentalcontrolsreflectonlytheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthe

community

C、parentalrestrictionsvary,andarenotalwaysenforcedforthebenefitofthechildren

alone

D、parentsvaryintheirstrictnesstowardstheir