第12講擴(kuò)展句在寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)用第1頁(yè)一、魔法導(dǎo)航在寫(xiě)作中我們通常把用以支持主題句句子稱(chēng)為支持句或擴(kuò)展句。段落擴(kuò)

展句寫(xiě)作是段落寫(xiě)作“關(guān)鍵”,其質(zhì)量高低將決定整段文章成敗。在

段落擴(kuò)展句寫(xiě)作中要注意以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:1.抓住一個(gè)中心,對(duì)擴(kuò)展句精挑細(xì)選。全部擴(kuò)展句都必須與主題句保持一致,都要為主題句服務(wù)。全部與主題句

無(wú)關(guān)或關(guān)系不大句子都要從擴(kuò)展句中去掉。如:——巧擴(kuò)妙展,風(fēng)韻無(wú)限Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.Inspiteofthelarge-scalecon-

structionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement,be-

causeoftheeverincreasingnumberofcarstheseyears.What'sworse,some

drivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.(江

蘇)第2頁(yè)【評(píng)析】本段主題句“Quiteafewthingsgiverisetothetrafficproblem.”

點(diǎn)明了本段中心思想是要介紹造成交通問(wèn)題原因。下面擴(kuò)展句緊緊圍

繞中心句說(shuō)明了兩種詳細(xì)原因,有力地支持了主題句。2.選取合理寫(xiě)作次序,保持?jǐn)U展句之間連貫性。擴(kuò)展句不能雜亂無(wú)章地堆砌到一塊兒,而是應(yīng)該恰當(dāng)利用合理寫(xiě)作次序(如

時(shí)間、空間、邏輯等次序)把各個(gè)擴(kuò)展句有機(jī)地組織起來(lái),使其渾然一體。如:Whenthecraftsmancameintotheclassroom,wegavehimawarmwelcomeand

twoboyshelpedhimwiththetoolbox.First,heshowedusthebasicstepsand

skillsofmakingdoughfigurines.Westoodaroundhim,watchingattentively.

Thenwestartedtohaveatryourselves.Theoldmanwalkedaroundandhelped

uspatiently.Finally,wetookpictureswiththeoldcraftsmanandthedoughfig-

urineswemade.Lookingatthefigurines,wewereallveryexcited.(北京)第3頁(yè)3.恰當(dāng)議論,錦上添花。在擴(kuò)展句寫(xiě)作中依據(jù)實(shí)際需要對(duì)一些擴(kuò)展句進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)點(diǎn)評(píng)或做深入

闡釋不但能夠豐富段落內(nèi)容,而且還能夠起到深化主題、畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛作用。

如:WhenIamfacedwithdifficulties,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearning

materialsorwebpages.Inthisway,Icannotonlyworkthemoutbutalsoimprove

myabilitytoovercomedifficultiesallbymyself.4.重視結(jié)構(gòu),段落層次分明。在段落擴(kuò)展句寫(xiě)作中能夠采取有形或無(wú)形“三節(jié)式”擴(kuò)展模式,即“主

題句+擴(kuò)展句+總結(jié)句”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:【評(píng)析】本段利用時(shí)間次序組織寫(xiě)作,向老藝人學(xué)習(xí)捏面人過(guò)程躍然紙

上,讀后令人印象深刻。第4頁(yè)Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublic

order.Withoutthem,peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbein

chaos.Butrulesalonedon'tsecureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobey

therulesthatmatter.Therefore,itiseverybody'sdutytoobservethemtokeep

oursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.(江蘇)第5頁(yè)二、學(xué)以致用1.完美文章依據(jù)上下文在橫線(xiàn)上填上適當(dāng)擴(kuò)展句或過(guò)渡語(yǔ)。Weallwanttogrowuphappilyandhealthily,andforthisgoalwemustdoseveral

things.Firstly,weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife,because擴(kuò)展句(1)

.過(guò)渡語(yǔ)①

,weshouldbebravewhenfacedwithdif-

ficulties.Secondly,wemuststudyhardbecause擴(kuò)展句(2)

.Ifwe

havethepower,wecanhelptobuildourcountryandenjoylifebetter.過(guò)渡語(yǔ)②

,inordertostudywell,weneedtodosportssothat擴(kuò)展句(3)

.Forexample,wecangorunning,playballgamesorsimplytakeawalkaf-

teraday'sstudy.Ifwedothosethingswell,擴(kuò)展句(4)

.第6頁(yè)

答案(1)lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes(2)knowledgeispower(3)wecankeepfit(4)wewillbeabletogrowuphappilyandhealthily①Thus/Therefore②Inaddition/Besides/What'smore2.話(huà)題寫(xiě)作[本期話(huà)題]未來(lái)生活[寫(xiě)作要求]寫(xiě)出合理擴(kuò)展句。請(qǐng)依據(jù)下面提醒,寫(xiě)一篇90詞左右英語(yǔ)短文。第7頁(yè)1.未來(lái)生存環(huán)境愈加舒適漂亮;2.太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)能等新能源應(yīng)用愈加廣泛;3.機(jī)器人等高科技產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入普通家庭。

第8頁(yè)Withthescienceandtechnologydeveloping,I'moptimisticaboutlifeinthefu-

ture.Bythattimethesurroundingswherewelivewillbemorecomfortableand

beautiful.Inaddition,newformsofenergysuchassolarenergy,windenergywill

bemadefulluseof,whichwillbeofgreatuseforprotectingtheenvironment.Al-

so,robotsaswellasotherhigh-techproductswillgointocommonfamilies.Not

onlycantheyhelppeopledohousework,butalsotheycanlookafterthebabies.

Suchisthelifeinfuturewhichisboundtobemorecomfortableandconvenient.?答案Onepossibleversion:第9頁(yè)三、美文賞讀(福建)怎樣了解“成功”,不一樣人有不一樣看法。請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面引語(yǔ)(quota-

tion),按要求用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文。“Successistheabilitytogofromonefailuretoanotherwithnolossofenthusi-

asm.”—SirWinstonChurchill內(nèi)容要求:1.你對(duì)該引語(yǔ)了解;2.你相關(guān)經(jīng)歷;3.恰當(dāng)結(jié)尾。第10頁(yè)注意:1.短文開(kāi)頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);2.文中不能出現(xiàn)考生詳細(xì)信息;3.詞數(shù)120左右。[我來(lái)試寫(xiě)]ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthat

第11頁(yè)

答案Onepossibleversion:ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthatweshouldn'tgetdiscouraged

rightafterfailures.Rather,weshouldkeeptryingwithenthusiasm.Successconsists

intheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.Attheageoftwelve,Igotanicebikeasabirthdaygift.Soex