2025高考英語大二輪專題強化練高考題型組合練作業22文學與藝術類說明文作業22文學與藝術類說明文(每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)A(2023·新課標Ⅱ)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia，I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately，thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember，though，whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmall①studies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybea②springboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes，portraits，orlandscapes，paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.2·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.3Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·4Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand，inturn，havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected，nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.5Pushthrough，giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You’llhitroadblocks，andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand，ifneeded，③redefineyourrole.G．You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.語境猜詞①study熟義：v.學習，研究生義(文義)：n.②springboard(合)＝spring＋board③redefine(派)＝re＋defineB(2022·新課標Ⅱ)Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However，theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.1Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay，putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.2Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.3Yet，bylearningtolivewith①imperfection，youwillsaveyourselfheadachesanda②wastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration，notasacompletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.4Asaresult，thesewritersnevergetinthehabitof③crossingoutchunks(大塊)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore，youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.5Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple-space.語境猜詞①imperfection(派)＝im＋perfect＋ion②wastepaper(合)＝waste＋paper③crossoutC(2024·廣東深圳一模)Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshowreal-lifescenes，people，andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattentiontodetails，makingthingslooklikephotographs.1It’smoreaboutexpressingfeelings，emotions，andideas.Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.TaketheMonaLisa，forexample—it’sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.2Theyhelpustolearnaboutthepast.Unlikerealisticart，abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.3Theyuseshapes，colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.4Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsareskilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstractonestodisplaytheir①creativity.Asforpersonalpreference，somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart，interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.Together，thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseand②engaging.5A．Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake.B．Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago.C．Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining.D．Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty.E．Incontrast，abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances.F．Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife.G．Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-life③representations.語境猜詞①creativity(派)＝creativ(e)＋ity②engaging(派)＝engag(e)＋ing③representation(派)＝represent＋ation語境猜詞答案A．①(繪畫的)試畫②跳板；出發點③重新定義，重新界定B．①不完美；瑕疵②廢紙；紙屑③劃掉C．①創造力，獨創性②迷人的，吸引人的③表現答案精析A1.C2.G3.A4.D5.EB1.D2.B3.E4.F5.GC1.E2.F3.G4.A5.D作業23人與自然及環境類說明文(每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)A(2024·湖南邵陽二模)Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavens(避風港)ofbiodiversity.Reefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.12Withouttheprotectionwhichreefsaffordfromcrashingwaves，①low-lyingislandssuchastheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago，andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodorincome.However，reefsareunderthreatfromrisingseatemperatures.Heatcausesthealgae(海藻)withwhichcoralsarelivingtogethertogeneratetoxins(毒素)thatforcethosecoraltoleave.Thiscancauseacoral’sdeath.Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactiontoseeifthatwillhelp，suchasidentifyingnaturally②heat-resistantcoralsand③cross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanewtype.3Withoutcarbonreductionanddeclineinlocal，coral-killingpollution，evenresistantcoralswillnotsurvivethecentury.Doubtersdoubthumanitywillgetitsacttogetherintimetomakemuchdifference.4Carbontargetsarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.Countriesthatshareresponsibilitiesforreefsarestartingtoacttogether.Scientificworkaroundscanalsobefound.Naturalcurrentscanbeappliedtofacilitatemassbreeding.Sitesofthegreatestecologicalandeconomicalimportancecanbeidentifiedtomaximizebangforbuck.Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant.5Hard-coregreens—thosewhothinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled—maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystemsarefacingdestruction，thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattobear.A．Coralsareusefultopeople.B．Butthereare④groundsforoptimism.C．Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.D．Itcouldserveasablueprintforotherecosystems.E．Coral’sglobalecosystemservicesareworthupto$10trnayear.F．Thisresearchcanalsobebroughttobearontryingtosaveentireecosystems.G．However，theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.語境猜詞①low-lying(合)＝low＋lying②heat-resistant(合)＝heat＋resistant③cross-breed(合)＝cross＋breed④ground熟義：n.地，地面生義(文義)：n.B(2024·湖北七市州二模)MynameisMcKenzieSkilesandI’masnowhydrologist(水文學家)attheUniversityofUtahinSaltLakeCity.1Actually，thepurposeistotrackdust’simpactonwaterresources.Iammostinterestedintheimpactofwarmingtemperaturesonsnowmeltingrates，andIhavestartedstudyingsnowmeltsince2009inUtahandColorado.WhenIskiedtoresearchsitesinUtahtocollectsnowformyexperiment，the①mountainouslandscapeswerecoveredindust.2It’sclearthat2009wasoneofthebiggestyearsfordustdeposition(沉積)ontosnow.3Iusuallyhavetocoverseveralkilometers，carryinga27-kilogrammepackwithashovel(鏟子)todigasnowhole，toolstocutsnowandmeasureitsdensity，andcontainerstocollectsnowforanalyses.Oneyear，Ihitadustyareaofsnow，brokemyskiandslicedmylegopen.Inareaswithheavydustdeposition，suchasthesouthernRockyMountains，dustspeedsupmeltingbyoneortwomonths.Warmingairtemperaturesaffectsnowgathering，butdustbuildsupovertimeand②darkensthesurface.4I’mnowexploringdifferenticeandsnowlandscapesforfurtherresearch.Forexample，howblack-carbonbuildupfollowingforestfiresaffectsmelting.5Aswemoveintoafuturethatislikelytobeevendustier，weneedthemtopredictsnowmeltformanyreasons，includingworkingouthowtousewaterinthewesternUnitedStatesefficiently.A．Thedustcausedalotoftrouble.B．Iwentformilesinthewilderness.C．Doingmyresearchisnoeasytask.D．Oneofthegoalsistodevelopsnowmeltmodels.E．InColorado，thereddustfromdesertsoilshadalsoblownin.F．Asaresult，thesnowwillabsorbmoresunlightandquickenmelting.G．Myjobistoskiinthewildernesstomeasuredustontopofsnoweachspring.語境猜詞①mountainous(派)＝mountain＋ous②darken(派)＝dark＋enC(2024·江西萍鄉一模)NewAnimalsInnorthernVietnam，inthickforestsintheNorthAnnamiteMountains，thereisawildlifeparkcalledVuQuang.In1986，theareawasmadeanofficialforestreserve.In2002,550squarekilometersoftheareaweredeclaredaNationalPark.1Itisinanareathatishardtogetto，foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandarevery①slippery.2Inthelasttwentyyears，severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseenanywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientistshaven’tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!ThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola，a“slow”deer，agiantmuntjac(theworld’slargest，infact)，ablackdeeranda“holy”goat.3TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfiftyyears，soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.4Ithashornsthatcanbebetweenoneandtwofeetlong，andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal’sheadatslightlydifferentangles.That’swhyitiscalled“Saola”，meaning“spinningwheelposts”inVietnamese.ThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwasdiscovered，itwasindanger.5Sadly，theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupasanother②endangeredspecies.A．That’swhyitattractshunters.B．VuQuangisnoordinarypark，though.C．Huntershavenorespectfornewspecies.D．Butthat’snotallthatisunusualaboutVuQuang.E．Fivenewspeciesoffishhavealsobeenfoundthere.F．Thiswasthefirsttimesomanynewspecieshadbeenfoundinthisarea.G．Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.語境猜詞①slippery(派)＝slip＋per＋y②endangered(派)＝en＋danger＋ed語境猜詞答案A．①低洼的②抗熱的，耐熱的③使雜交，雜交繁育④充分的理由B．①多山的②使變暗，變黑C．①濕滑的，容易打滑的②(動植物)瀕危的答案精析A1.C2.A3.G4.B5.DB1.G2.E3.C4.F5.DC1.B2.D3.E4.G5.C作業24生活與學習類記敘文完形填空記敘文類文體解讀文章內容記敘文通常講述一個事件或故事，具有明顯的故事性和情節性，使得文章易于理解。這類文章明確包含時間、地點、人物、故事的發生、發展和結局等六個要素。敘述手法記敘文多按照時間順序來展開情節和內容，有時也會采用倒敘或者插敘的手法，以增加文章的吸引力。命題特點側重語篇，注重語境，突出對文章的理解，關注情節發展的內在邏輯關系。命題還關注各種線索，如人物線索、時間線索等。完形填空記敘文類解題技法(每小題1分，滿分30分)A(2024·河北邯鄲三模)Dr.FrancisCollinsisoneofAmerica’sleadingscientists.Inaninterview，Dr.Collinswasaskediftherewasanyspecialsparkoranymomentinparticularthat1himtopursuealifeofscience.Dr.Collins2thatinfacttherewas.Hesaidthatwhenhewasinhighschool，onthefirstdayofhisfirstsciencecourse，theteacherhandedeachstudentabox3.Theboxesweresealedontheoutsideandhollowontheinside.Buteachbox4something.AndasyoungCollinsturnedtheboxonitssideandturneditaround，hecould5somethingrollingaroundinside.Whatwasit?Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheir6wastodeterminewhatwasinsidethebox.Theycould7anykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofindoutwhatwasinsidethebox.Buttheycouldn’t8thebox.Theyhadtofirstfindwaysto9whatwasinthebox.“That’swhat10is，”theteachercarefully11，“beingcurious，andthinkingofquestionstoask，untilyoufindouttheanswer.”Dr.Collinswas12.Hesaidthatthatdayinclasscompletely13hislife.Fromthenon，hewas14tospendingalifeinscience，wherehisjobwastobe15andasklotsofquestions.1.A.forcedB．inspiredC．orderedD．requested2．A.doubtedB．recognizedC．imaginedD．replied3．A.carefullyB．hurriedlyC．secretlyD．impatiently4．A.representedB．meantC．containedD．told5．A.seeB．hearC．fancyD．monitor6．A.campaignB．desireC．ambitionD．assignment7．A.avoidB．designC．passD．mark8．A.openB．rollC．throwD．hit9．A.pickupB．drawonC．figureoutD．stickto10．A.experimentB．scienceC．educationD．study11．A.answeredB．apologizedC．arguedD．explained12．A.attractedB．confusedC．frightenedD．disappointed13．A.controlledB．improvedC．savedD．changed14．A.opposedB．exposedC．committedD．used15．A.curiousB．smartC．generousD．optimisticB(2024·安徽安慶二模)Mytwo-year-olddaughterwasplayingwithgroceriesinmyshoppingcart.Agentlemanstoodbehindmewiththree1.Helookedathiswatchandme.Whilemydaughterwas2well，Iknewshecouldn’tstaythereanylonger.Themanobviouslywasina3，andhe’dbebehindmealongtime.I4tolethimgofirst.“Thankyou，”hereplied5，steppingaheadofme.Hisfacelitupwith6.Whenthelinemovedforward，Istarted7mycart.AsIhurriedlyopenedmypurse，myheart8：Iforgottobringmybankcard.Thegentlemanhadpaidandwas9hisgroceries.“CanIjustputmy10onthesideandgohometotakemycard？”Iaskedthecashierina11voice.Thegentlemansaid，“I’llpayforherorder.”ButI12，havingover$250worthofgroceries.“Youcanjustsendmeacheck，”he13.“That’stoomuchofacartripforthelittlegirl.”Iwasalwayswillingtohelpothers.However，therewasanewfeelingI14whenIgothelpfromothers.Iwasshockedthatacompletestrangerwould15anotherwithaloanofthatamount.1．A.toysB．bagsC．itemsD．dollars2．A.behavingB．studyingC．eatingD．resting3．A.panicB．hurryC．messD．mood4．A.failedB．offeredC．agreedD．promised5．A.patientlyB．constantlyC．appreciativelyD．eventually6．A.respectB．confidenceC．determinationD．pleasure7．A.unloadingB．unfoldingC．unwrappingD．uncovering8．A.achedB．brokeC．beatD．sank9．A.pickingupB．lookingoverC．handingoutD．givingaway10．A.purseB．cardC．daughterD．stuff11．A.annoyedB．discouragedC．confusedD．astonished12．A.hesitatedB．panickedC．regrettedD．rejected13．A.confirmedB．jokedC．smiledD．insisted14．A.rememberedB．fearedC．experiencedD．shared15．A.trustB．praiseC．thankD．reward答案精析A語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了柯林斯博士上高中時的一堂科學課，它徹底改變了他的人生軌跡，從那時起他就致力于科學研究。1．B[force迫使；inspire鼓舞；order命令；request要求。根據上文“anyspecialsparkor”以及下文“himtopursuealifeofscience”并結合最后一段內容可知，柯林斯博士被問及是否有任何特別的火花或任何特別的時刻激勵他追求科學。故選B。]2．D[doubt懷疑；recognize認出；imagine想象；reply回復，回答。根據上文“Inaninterview，Dr.Collinswasaskedif”可知，柯林斯博士對該問題回答說，事實上是有的。故選D。]3．C[carefully認真地；hurriedly匆匆地；secretly秘密地，神秘地；impatiently不耐煩地。根據下文“Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheirwastodeterminewhatwasinsidethebox.”可知，老師讓學生自己去查明盒子里有什么，可推知是神秘地遞給每個學生一個盒子。故選C。]4．C[represent代表；mean意味著；contain包含；tell告訴。根據下文“AndasyoungCollinsturnedtheboxonitssideandturneditaround，hecouldsomethingrollingaroundinside.”可知，每個盒子里都裝著東西。故選C。]5．B[see看；hear聽；fancy想象；monitor監測。根據上文“Theboxesweresealed”可知，盒子被密封了，所以只能聽到里面有東西在滾動。故選B。]6．D[campaign戰役；desire愿望；ambition抱負；assignment任務。根據下文“todeterminewhatwasinsidethebox”可知，老師告訴學生他們的任務是確定盒子里是什么。故選D。]7．B[avoid避免；design設計，構思；pass通過；mark標記。要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么，他們可以設計任何一種測試。故選B。]8．A[open打開；roll滾動；throw扔；hit打擊。根據But可知，他們可以用測試或提問的方式，但不能直接打開盒子。故選A。]9．C[pickup拾起；drawon利用；figureout弄清楚；stickto堅持。根據上文“Theycouldanykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofindoutwhatwasinsidethebox.”可知，他們必須先想辦法弄清楚盒子里是什么。故選C。]10．B[experiment實驗；science科學；education教育；study學習。根據上文“hisfirstsciencecourse”可知，老師在解釋科學。故選B。]11．D[answer回答；apologize道歉；argue爭論；explain解釋。由上文“That’swhatis”和下文“beingcurious...theanswer”可知，此處指老師認真解釋道。故選D。]12．A[attract吸引；confuse使困惑；frighten使驚嚇；disappoint使失望。根據下文“Fromthenon，hewastospendingalifeinscience”可知，柯林斯博士之后一直從事科學，所以是被吸引住了。故選A。]13．D[control控制；improve提高；save挽救；change改變。根據下文“Fromthenon，hewastospendingalifeinscience”可知，那一天徹底改變了他的生活。故