TITLE:ApplicationofGISinlogisticssystem標題：GIS在物流系統中應用姓名：趙宣第1頁SubtitleIntroductionMethods3Abstract12Conclusions4第2頁摘要：本文對地理信息系統（GIS）在物流系統中主要應用進行了綜述，包含基于GIS物流中心選址、GIS在物流配送中應用及GIS與物流信息系統集成。分析了GIS應用于物流中心選址和GIS在物流配送中應用原理和優勢，并簡明介紹了GIS與物流信息系統集成內容。說明了GIS在物流系統中應用價值。Abstract：Inthispaper,

thegeographicalinformationsystem

(GIS)

ismainlyused

inlogisticssystem

arereviewed,

includinigintegrated

logisticscenter

locationbasedonGIS,

GIS

inlogisticsdistribution

andapplicationof

logisticsinformationsystembasedon

GISand.

Analysestheprincipleand

advantageofapplicationofGIS

usedin

thelogisticscenterlocation

andGIS

inlogisticsdistribution,

andbrieflyintroducesthe

integrationofGIS

and

thecontentoflogisticsinformation

system.

Toillustratethe

applicationofGISinlogisticssystem

value.第3頁關鍵詞：地理信息系統；物流系統；選址；配送；系統集成KEYWORD:Geographicinformationsystem;

logisticssystem;

location;distribution;

systemintegration第4頁Introduction

物流泛指原材料、產成品及相關信息從起點至終點有效流動過程。物流將運輸、倉儲、裝卸搬運、加工、配送、信息處理等方面有機結合，形成完整供給鏈，為用戶提供多功效、一體化綜合性服務。物流活動主要由資金流、信息流、物流組成。而這些物流活動中有相當一部分與地理位置相關地理信息系統(GIS)含有強大采集，管理，存放，分析，處理，輸出空間數據能力，良好可視化和輔助決議方式。GIS作為處理與地理位置相關空間數據含有得天獨厚優勢，利用GIS技術和伎倆優化物流過程，必將有力地壓縮物流成本，創造更大利潤。Logisticsreferstotherawmaterials,finishedgoodsandrelatedinformationfromthebeginningtotheendoftheeffectiveflowprocess.Theorganiccombinationoftransportlogistics,storage,handling,processing,distribution,informationprocessing,toformacompletesupplychain,providingmulti-functional,integratedcomprehensiveserviceforusers.Logisticsactivitiesbycapitalflow,informationflow,logisticsconstitute.Theselogisticsactivitiesinaconsiderablepartofthegeographicallocationoftherelevantgeographicinformationsystem(GIS)hasastrongcollection,storage,management,analysis,processing,outputcapacityofspatialdata,visualizationandauxiliarydecisioningoodways.GISastheprocessingandgeographiclocationrelatedspatialdatahavetheadvantageberichlyendowedbynature,theuseofGIStechnologyandmeansofoptimizingthelogisticsprocess,willeffectivelycompressedthelogisticscost,createmoreprofit.第5頁物流中心選址是物流系統中含有戰略意義投資決議問題，對整個系統物流合理化和商品流通社會效益有著決定性影響。但因為商品資源分布、需求情況、運輸條件和自然條件等原因影響，使得即使在同一區域內不一樣地方建立物流中心，整個物流系統和全社會經濟效益也是不一樣。MethodsLogisticscenterlocationistheinvestmentdecisionproblemwithstrategicsignificanceinthelogisticssystem,hasthedecisiveeffectoflogisticsrationalizationofthesystemandthesocialbenefitsofcommoditycirculation.Butbecauseoftheinfluenceofthedistributionofcommodityresources,demandconditions,transportationconditionsandnaturalconditionsandotherfactors,sothateveninthesameareaoftheestablishmentoflogisticscenterindifferentplaces,thewholelogisticssystemandthewholesocialeconomicbenefitsarealsodifferent.第6頁物流中心選址方法已經有較為成熟模型與算法，主要有重心法、數值分析、CFLP法、Delphi教授咨詢法等，這些傳統選址方法即使使物流中心選址愈加方便，但都存在一個共同缺點，即這些方法幾乎都是建立在靜態假定條件下來實現，不過，現實事物在不停改變，尤其在信息時代，需求與供給都可能隨時發生改變，所以，其結果往往與現實情況不完全相符合甚至相差非常大。1.1ThedefectsofthetraditionallocationmethodThemodelandalgorithmoflogisticscenterlocationmethodhasamoremature,mainlyhasthecenterofgravitymethod,numericalanalysis,CFLPmethod,Delphiexpertconsultationmethod,thetraditionallocationmethodsalthoughthelogisticscenterlocationmoreconvenient,butthereisacommondefect,namely,thesemethodsarealmostallbasedontheassumptionthattheconditionofstaticdownimplementationhowever,inreality,thingsarechangingallthetime,especiallyintheinformationage,thedemandandsupplymaychangeatanytime,therefore,theresultisoftenassociatedwiththerealityofthesituationisnotcompletelyconsistentwitheventhedifferenceisverybig.第7頁2.2WiththeadvantageofGISlocation

首先，GIS最大、最顯著特點是經過地圖來表現數據；其次，含有可視性；最終，動態交互性，GIS是一個動態系統，它強大數據庫系統能夠保持連續更新，地理空間上任何改變GIS都能夠更新其數據庫以備調用。Firstofall,thecharacteristicsofGIS,themostsignificantisthelargestperformancedatathroughamap;secondly,Visibility;finally,dynamicinteraction,GISisadynamicsystem,apowerfuldatabasesystemwhichcankeepcontinuouslyupdated,anychangeofGISonthegeographicspacecanbepreparedtocalltoupdateitsdatabase.第8頁2.3usingGISprinciplesoflogisticscenterlocation

GIS是進行物流中心選址最正確分析工具，它用于物流中心選址主要是依靠GIS以下分析功效：(1)空間查詢。能夠分析系統中點、線、面基本圖形間關系。(2)疊加分析。疊加分析是GIS非常主要空間分析功效。分析某條配送路線上需求點情況，用點與線疊加；分析某個區域內配送中心及需求點分布情況，用點與面疊加；分析某個區域內主要街道、道路情況，用線與面疊加。GISisalogisticscenterlocationofthebestanalysistool,itisusedforthelocationoflogisticscenterismainlythefollowinganalysisfunctionbasedonGIS:(1)thespatialquery.Toanalysistherelationshipbetweenbasicgraphicssystempoint,line,surfacebetween.(2)theoverlayanalysis.OverlayanalysisisGISVeryimportantspatialanalysisfunctions.Analysisofadeliveryrouteondemandpoint,Usepointandlinesuperposition;analysisofdistributioncentersanddemandpointdistributionwithinagivenarea,Withpointandfacesuperposition;analysisofMainStreet,anareaoftheroadcondition,withthelineandtheplanesuperposition.第9頁(3)緩沖區分析。設計或分析某條配送路線或者配送中心選址等空間布局問題時，要分析配送中心周圍范圍內需求點、道路等數據情況，可依據數據庫中點、線、面實體建立周圍一定寬度范圍緩沖多邊形。(4)網絡分析。網絡分析是進行物流設施選址時最主要功效，用于分析物流網絡中各結點相互關系和內在聯絡，主要有路徑分析、資源分配、連通分析、流分析等等。(3)thebufferanalysis.DesignandanalysisAdeliveryrouteorlocationofdistributioncenterandotherspacelayout,toanalyzethesurroundingscopeinthedistributioncenter,thedemandpointroaddata,accordingtothedatabaseofpoint,line,surfaceentityestablishedbufferpolygonsaroundacertainwidthrange.(4)networkanalysis.Networkanalysisisthemostimportantlogisticsfacilitieslocationfunction,isusedtoanalysetherelationshipofthenodesinthelogisticsnetworkandinternalconnection,mainpat