學年度上學期湖北省部分普通高中期末聯考高二英語試卷試卷滿分：分注意事項：答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡規定的位置上。答選擇題時必須使用鉛筆，將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。答非選擇題時，必須使用毫米黑色簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規定的位置上。所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。考試結束后，將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分分）第一節（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whereisthemangoingtocollectthewoman?A.Atherhome.B.Atthebusstation.C.Atthelibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:ShallIpickyouupfromyourhometomorrowevening?cangotoMary’shometogether.W:I’mgoingtobeatthelibraryuntileight.M:Icanpickyouupfromthelibrarysoyouwon’thavetotakeabus.W:Thanks,thatwillbegreat.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whendoesthewomansuggestthemanebackforthematch?A.At4:10.B.At4:20.C.At4:30.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Amy,whattimedoesthebasketballmatchstart?第1頁/共27頁W:Itstartsathalfpastfour.M:Whattimeisitnow?AmIlate?W:No,it’sonlytenpastfour.cangoforawalkandebacktenminuteslater.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.confirminformation.B.askforhelp.C.expressthanks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestsupermarketis?M:Sure,godownhere.Whenyoureachthecrossroad,turnright.alongthestreetandyou’llseeitontheothersideofthestreet.W:Isee.Thankyou.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchdidthemanspendonthecup?A.￡15.00.B.￡16.00.C.￡19.00.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Thecupthatyouwantedcostsixteenpoundsinthesupermarket.M:Iknow,butIwasreallyluckyandgotitforfifteenpoundsfromalocalshoplastweek.Theyweresellingitfornineteenpounds.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Guideandvisitor.C.Motherandson.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thisisyourorangejuicemadam.W:Thankyou.Bytheway,whydon’tyousellhotchocolatewhentheweatheriscold?M:Goodidea.Canyoumailyourideastome?Myemailaddressis15121995@gmai.Anddon’tforgettovisitourwebsite.It’s第二節（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）第2頁/共27頁聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話讀兩遍。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejobofthewoman’sfather?A.Itiswellpaid.B.Itisdifficult.C.Itisinteresting.7.Whatdoesthewoman’sfathermainlydonow?A.Heconductsexperiments.B.Heteacheschemistry.C.Hedoeswork.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:fatherisachemistinabigpany?Thatmustbefascinating,butdoeshehavetospendmuchtimeinanW:Oh,hedidthatlastyear,buthedidn’tenjoyitverymuch.Sotheyhimaplaceinoneoftheirlaboratories.He’sveryinterestedindoingexperimentsthere.M:Doeshestillwanttodosometeaching?W:He’lldosomelaterintheyear.He’stoobusy8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atripplan.B.Acookingcourse.C.Abirthdayparty.9.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthesupermarket.B.Intherestaurant.C.Attheyouthclub.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Makesandwiches.B.Contacthismom.C.Findablanket.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:OK,weneedtofinalizetheplanforthetripthisSaturday.Whattimeshallwemeet?M:Isuggestmeetingattheyouthclubatteno’clock.W:That’sperfect.havetimetogetsomefoodfromthesupermarket.第3頁/共27頁M:wecangetsomebreadandcheesetomakesomesandwiches.W:Goodidea.Didyouaskyourmomifwecouldborrowthepicnicblanket?M:Ohno,I’llsendheratextmessageI’msureshe’llsayyes.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Abankclerk.B.Afarmer.C.Ateacher.12.WhatdidthewomandoinSouthAfrica?A.Sheprotectedwildlife.B.Shecampedintheforest.C.Sheworkedinazoo.13.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheexperience?A.Itischallenging.B.Itisrewarding.C.Itisexciting.【答案】A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:HiMark,Ihaven’theardfromyouforalongtime.Howhaveyoubeen?M:HiPaula,I’vebeendoingwell.I’mworkinginabankintheadministrativeareaandhowareyou?Iheardyou’vebeentoanothercountry.meaboutit.W:IjustcamebackfromSouthAfrica.Iwastherevolunteeringatanaturepreserve.TheprojectIworkedonwasaboutwildlifeprotection.Icollectedrelevantinformationonlions,elephantsandotheranimals.M:Thatsoundsgreat.musthavelearnedalot.W:Mark,whenIwasthere,Ihadtheopportunitytoseetheanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat.Itrackedandrecordedtheirmovements,behaviourandecologicalimpactsonthespecies.I’velearnedalot.Itismeaningful.14.Howdoesthewomansoundinthebeginning?A.B.Humorous.C.Surprised.15.Whydidtheman’smomwanttoremovethebed?A.Itwaslarge.B.Itwasold.C.Itwasugly.16.Whatworriesthewomanaboutherroom?A.Itsspace.B.Itscolor.C.Itslocation.17.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?第4頁/共27頁A.Colorthewalls.B.Donatesomeclothes.C.Changearoom.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:How’sthedecoratinggoinginyourroom,Isitfinishedyet?M:It’sgoingokay.einandhavealookatthechanges.W:itlookspletelydifferent.Ican’tbelievemyeyes.takenoutthesparebed.Iguessyourmomwashappywiththat.Shethoughtitdidn’tlookgoodtoputsomethinghere,didn’tshe?M:itwasquiteold,soshethoughtitwastimetomakesomechanges.paintedthewalls,too.W:youchosepurple.Isityourfavoritecolor?M:Hmm,itmadetheroomdarker,butIdon’tmindthat.ItmeansIcanseemyputerscreenbetter.W:I’mlookingforwardtochangingmyroom,too.Thethingis,whateverIdowithit,Ican’tfindenoughspaceforallmythings.M:That’sbecauseyou’vegotsomanyclothes.Myroomwasfull,too.Istoredsomethingsundermybed,butthatdidn’timproveitmuch.Oh,youcangivetheclothesyoudon’tweartopeoplewhoneedthem.W:Goodidea.18.Whatwillstudentsneedtodo?A.Attendmeetingsontime.B.Dealwithemails.C.Createdatabases.19.Whatcanstudentsgetopportunitiestodointheorganization?A.theirnativelanguages.B.Cooperatewithlargeorganizations.C.inasmallteam.20.Howcanstudentsgetmoreinformationabouttheorganization?A.Bycallingthespeaker.B.Byvisitingitinperson.C.Bylookingatitsblog.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorningeveryone.Areyoulookingforworkthatwillgiveyouvaluableexperienceandhelpyougetmoreknowledge?Ifso,etoourorganization.organizelinksbetweenschoolsallovertheworld.currentlyhavethreeworkexperiencepositionsavailableforstudentsfromyourcollege.Theworkwillinvolve第5頁/共27頁arangeoftasksincludingdealingwithemails,arrangingmeetings,andkeepingourdatabaseuptodate.areparticularlyinterestedinofferingthesepositionstostudentswithsomeknowledgeoftwoormorelanguages.provideyouwithopportunitiestofinishjobsinasmallteam.Here,youcandevelopawiderrangeofskillsthaninalargerorganization.Ourinternationalnetworkmeansthatyoucanalsokeepincontactwith.Peopleallovertheworldyoucanfindfurtherinformationaboutourorganizationonourblog.lookforwardtohearingfromanyofyou.Bestwishestoyouall.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分分）第一節（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A(CrookedHouse)Sopot,Polandpleted:2004Inspiration:FairytalesSize:Aboutthreefourthsthesizeofafootballfielditswarped(彎曲的)wallsandaroofthatlookslikegreendragonscales(鱗片)CrookedHouseispopularwithphotographers.Inside,though,isatypicalmallandbuilding.Peoplecanshopinthestores,eatintherestaurants,andgettheirhaircutinasalon.AfavoritefeatureistheofFame,withsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.It’smodeledaftertheHollywoodofFame.Rotterdam,Netherlandspleted:1984Inspiration:inaforestSize:AboutonefourththesizeofabasketballcourtThe38CubeHousesareapopularattraction,buttheyarealsorealhousesthatpeoplelivein!ArchitectPietBlomdesignedthehomesbasedontheideaof“livingasanurbanroof”,withthehousingaboveandthecourtyards,shops,andevenamuseumPigeonForge,pleted:2006第6頁/共27頁Inspiration:AlaboratoryinanItalianstylehouse.Whatifanexperimeninsidethrewthebuildingintotheairandmadeitlandupsidedown?Size:AboutninetenthsthesizeofafootballfieldThisindooramusementparkisactuallyprettynormal.TheupsidedownfeaturesarejustforInsidearemorethan100handsonscienceexhibitsandactivities,includingahurricaneforcewindtunnel,azerogravityastronauttrainingride,andathreestoryropescourse.Guangzhou,Chinapleted:2010Inspiration:ErosionofrocksandlandscapesSize:About13timesthesizeofafootballfieldTheGuangzhouOperaHousewasdesignedbyIraqibornarchitectZahaHadid.Shesaidsheletnaturalplacesinspireherbuildings,suchasthisoperahouseonthePearlRiver.Thoughnatureinspiredthearchitect,sheused21stcenturyconstructionanddesignmethodstomakeherdesignareality.21.WhatisafeatureofKrzywyDomek?A.ItisthesameastheHollywoodofFame.B.Itshowsthesignaturesoffamouspeople.C.Ithasdragonthemedpaintings.D.Itisupsidedown.22.WhatcanvisitorsdoatA.Enjoyatheater.B.Gettheirhaircut.C.Goshoppingatasupermarket.D.Experiencesciencefocusedactivities.23.WhatinspiredthearchitectoftheGuangzhouOperaHouse?A.Alaboratory.B.Afairytale.C.Nature.D.Music.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上一些令人驚嘆的建筑。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據部分的“AfavoritefeatureistheofFame,withsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.It'smodeledaftertheHollywoodofFame.(一個受歡迎的特色是名人墻，上面有波蘭名人的簽名。它是模仿好萊塢星光大道)”可知，KrzywyDomek的特點是它展示了名人的簽名。故選B。【22題詳解】第7頁/共27頁細節理解題。根據部分的“Insidearemorethan100handsonscienceexhibitsandactivities,includingahurricaneforcewindtunnel,azerogravityastronauttrainingride,andathreestoryropescourse.(里面有100多個動手科學展覽和活動，包括一個颶風強度的風洞、一個零重力宇航員訓練騎行和一個三層樓的繩索課程)”可知，游客在可以體驗以科學為重點的活動。故選D。【23題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“TheGuangzhouOperaHousewasdesignedbyIraqibornarchitectZahaHadid.Shesaidsheletnaturalplacesinspireherbuildings,suchasthisoperahouseonthePearlRiver.(廣州大劇院由伊拉克出生的建筑師扎哈·哈迪德設計。她說，她讓自然場所激發她的建筑設計靈感，比如這座位于珠江上的歌劇院)”可知，廣州大劇院的建筑師受到了大自然的啟發。故選C。BCaring17yearold,LaurenSchroederwasinspiredtohelpbringhealthyfoodtoneedyfamiliesinhermunity.atafoodshelterwhenshewasjust14,andtaskedwithhelpingfillboxesforhouseholdsinneedwithpackagedfood,thisIowateenfeltthatsomethingwasmissingfromthedonateditems:freshvegetables.ThiskindheartedteenthentoldherparentsaboutherdesiretostartagardenonpartoftheirfamilyfarminDixon,Iowa,inordertosupplylocalfamiliesinneedwithfreshproduce.TheworkinvolvedinrealizingLauren’splanwasnotawalkinthepark.Whileproudofherdaughter’sideaandeagertosupportherproject,KatieSchroeder,hermother,admittedtosomeconcernabouttheworkload:“Howmuchworkisthisgoingtobe?”Thiswasonedeterminedyoungchangemaker,however!Laurenresearchedplantsonline,checkingwhichspeciesneededmoreshade,howmuchwaterwasrequired,andthebesttimestoharvesteachcrop.Moreimportantly,Laurendidn’tshyawayfromhardwork.DuringIowa’shotanddrysummers,shehadtowaterhercropsbyhandforaroundtwotothreehoursdaily.Shealsocheckeddailyforweeds(雜草)andbent(彎腰)downtopickhergreenbeancrop,themostchallengingvegetabletoharvestinheropinion.helpfromherfamily,sheplantedhalfanacre(英畝)ofland,with15varietiesofvegetablesin2022,harvestingherfirstcrops,totaling40pounds.Theeightinitialbeneficiariesincludedfoodbanks,anursinghome,andasoupkitchen.Inthepasttwoyears,thisadmirablehighschooljuniorhasdonatedmorethan7,000poundsofhomegrownproduce,withanestimatedvalueofUS$15,000.Explaininghermotivationtolocalmedia,Laurensays:“Iwantedtohavesomethingthatwouldimpactpeople.Iwanttoimpactmunitymembers.Manypeoplehelpyouout,butitmakesmoredifferencewhenyouhelp第8頁/共27頁othersout.That’swhatmakesmehappiest.”24.WhatinspiredLauren’sinterestinplantingvegetablesherself?A.Afoodsheltervisit.B.Herloveforgardening.C.Thelackofdonatedfreshvegetables.D.Herdesireforhealthyvegetables.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“awalkinthepark”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Aneffectivesolution.B.Aspecialcase.C.Anewconcept.D.Aneasytask.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLauren?A.Hardworkingandstrongwilled.B.Slowmovingandsoftspoken.C.Outgoingandgoodhumored.D.Quickthinkingandwellmannered.27.WhatisthedrivingforcebehindLauren’sactions?A.Promotingahealthylifestyle.B.Affectingpeoplearoundher.C.Drawingsupportfromherparents.D.recognitioninlocalmedia.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講述的是17歲的LaurenSchroeder如何受到啟發，決定在她的社區為貧困家庭提供健康食物的故事。【24題詳解】atafoodshelterwhenshewasjust14,andtaskedwithhelpingfillboxesforhouseholdsinneedwithpackagedfood,thisIowateenfeltthatsomethingwasmissingfromthedonateditems:freshvegetables.(當她14食品的盒子，這個愛荷華州的女孩覺得捐贈的物品中缺少了一些東西：新鮮蔬菜。)”可知，激發了Lauren對自己種植蔬菜的興趣的是缺乏捐贈的新鮮蔬菜。故選C。【25題詳解】TheworkinvolvedinrealizingLauren’splanwasnot(實現勞倫的計劃所涉及的工作卻沒有)”和“Whileproudofherdaughter’sideaandeagertosupportherproject,KatieSchroeder,hermother,admittedtosomeconcernabouttheworkload(她的母親KatieSchroeder)Lauren的計劃可不是一件輕而易舉的事情”，awalkinthepark的意思是“輕而易舉的任務”，和Aneasytask意思相近。故選D。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“DuringIowa’shotanddrysummers,shehadtowaterhercropsbyhandforaround第9頁/共27頁twotothreehoursdaily.Shealsocheckeddailyforweeds(雜草)andbent(彎腰)downtopickhergreenbeancrop,themostchallengingvegetabletoharvestinheropinion.(在愛荷華州炎熱干燥的夏季，她每天不得不親手給作物澆水大約兩到三個小時。她還會每天檢查雜草，并彎腰采摘她的綠豆作物，在她看來，這是最難采)”可知，Laurenhardworking和strongwilled來描述Lauren。故選A。【27題詳解】Explaininghermotivationtolocalmedia,Laurensays:“Iwantedtohavesomethingthatwouldimpactpeople.Iwanttoimpactmunitymembers.Manypeoplehelpyouout,butitmakesmoredifferencewhenyouhelpothersout.That’swhatmakesmehappiest.”(Lauren)”可知，Lauren的行為背后的驅動力是影響她周圍的人。故選B。CThePublicLibraryinMassachusetts,announcedthatthroughtheendofMarch,peoplewhohavelostordamagedabookorotherborroweditemscanbringaphotograph,drawing,ormagazineclippingofacat,andgettheirlibrarycardsreactivated.ThelibrarycallstheprogramMarchMeowness,awayforthesystemofsevenbrancheslibrarytoforgivemembersofthemunitywhomisplacedabookordamagedaborroweditem,andthenneverwentbacktoavoidpayingforit.Injustafewdays,theprogramhasalreadygeneratedhundredsofreturns,multiplepostingsofcatphotographsonthelibrary’sFacebookpage,andphotographsanddrawingspinnedonagrowing“catwall”inthemainbuilding.ThelocalBroadcastingStation,WBUR,describeditasa“neverbefur(before)triedinitiative,”andurgedestablishedcustomerstohurryand“actmeow(now).”Sofar,theresponse,WBURsaid,makesJasonHomer,theexecutivedirectorofthelibrary,“feline(feeling)good.”Mr.HomersaidinaninterviewonMondaythatabout400peoplehavehadtheirlibraryaccountsunblockedandborrowingprivilegesrestoredafterbringingintheirpicturesordrawingsofcats.Anycatwilldo,oreven,forthatmatter,anycreaturewilldo.takealotofhonorarycats,”Mr.Homersaid.“Anyungovernableanimal.”Ifyoudon’thaveacat?Noproblem.Onecatless7yearoldboy,whoneverreturneda“CaptainUnderpants”book,hadhislibrarycardreactivatedafterthegavehimpaperandcrayonstosketchone.第10頁/共27頁LikemanypubliclibrariesintheUnitedStates,thelibrariesinacityofabout200,000peoplesouthwestofBoston,aretryingtoencouragepeopletoreemergefromtheinfrequent,lonelydaysofthepandemic(疫情).Usedasvaccinesitesthroughthepandemic,thecity’slibrarieshavereturnedtobeelivelymunityspaces,crafts,wellnesscourses,andsession(討論會)aboutavoidingfraud.28.Whatisthepurposeofthe“MarchMeowness”program?A.restartlibrarycardsforsomereaders.B.providediscountsonlibrarymemberships.C.collectbooksaboutcatsfrompeople.D.raisefundstofeedandprotectstreetcats.29.Howhasthe“MarchMeowness”programbeenreceived?A.Ithasledtoanincreaseincatadoptions.B.Ithasbeenpopularforthefirstfewdays.C.Ithasnotbeensuccessfulandthelocalmediahelpedtopromoteit.D.Ithasresultedinasignificantnumberofreturnsandcatrelatedactivities.30.Whatdoestheexampleofthe7yearoldboyshow?A.Thethoughtfulnessofthelibraryinreactivatinglibrarycards.B.Theimportanceofreturninglibrarybooksontime.C.Theboy’simaginationandtalentfordrawing.D.Theconsequencesoflosinglibrarybooks.31.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthelibrariesinAOnlyasmallnumberofpeoplegotheretoread.B.Theyremainedclosedduringthepandemic.C.Theyhavehelpedimproveandenrichpeople’slife.D.Theywillbetransformedintoteachingcenters.【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是馬薩諸塞州市的公共圖書館推出的一項名為“MarchMeowness”的活動。【28題詳解】ThePublicLibraryinMassachusetts,announcedthatthroughtheendofMarch,peoplewhohavelostordamagedabookorotherborroweditemscanbringaphotograph,drawing,ormagazineclippingofacat,andgettheirlibrarycardsreactivated.(馬薩諸塞州市的公共圖書館宣布，截至3月底，丟失或損壞書籍或其他借閱物品的讀者可以帶來一張貓的照片、畫作或雜志剪貼第11頁/共27頁畫，以重新激活他們的借書證。)MarchMeowness”項目的目的是重新啟用部分讀者的借書證。故選A。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Injustafewdays,theprogramhasalreadygeneratedhundredsofreturns,multiplepostingsofcatphotographsonthelibrary’sFacebookpage,andphotographsanddrawingspinnedonagrowing“catwall”inthemainbuilding.(在短短幾天內，該項目已經促使數百人歸還物品，圖書館的臉書頁面上貼滿了貓的照片，主樓的“貓墻”上也掛滿了越來越多的照片和畫作。)MarchMeowness”的項目帶來了大量的書籍歸還和與貓相關的活動。故選D。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Ifyoudon’thaveacat?Noproblem.Onecatless7yearoldboy,whoneverreturneda“CaptainUnderpants”book,hadhislibrarycardreactivatedafterthegavehimpaperandcrayonstosketchone.(如果你沒有貓？沒問題。一個沒有貓的7歲男孩從未歸還過一本叫“CaptainUnderpants”的書，工作人員給了他紙和蠟筆讓他畫一只貓，之后他的借書證就被重新激活了。)”可知，這個7歲男孩的例子說明了圖書館工作人員在重新激活圖書證時的周到。故選A。【31題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“LikemanypubliclibrariesintheUnitedStates,thelibrariesinacityofabout200,000peoplesouthwestofBoston,aretryingtoencouragepeopletoreemergefromtheinfrequent,lonelydaysofthepandemic(疫情).Usedasvaccinesitesthroughthepandemic,thecity’slibrarieshavereturnedtobeelivelymunityspaces,offeringcrafts,wellnesscourses,andsession(討論會)aboutavoiding20的圖書館也在努力鼓勵人們擺脫疫情期間那些不常見且孤獨的日子。疫情期間，這些圖書館被用作疫苗接種點，現在又重新煥發生機，成為活躍的社區空間，提供手工藝、健康課程和關于防范欺詐的討論會。)”可知，的圖書館改善和豐富了人民生活。故選C。DScientistsexploringamarinetrench(海溝)nearJapanwereastonishedtofindafishat8,336metersbelowthesurface.Thecreatureisatypeofsnailfish,andit’sprobablythedeepestfishanyonewilleverfind.Thepreviousrecordholder,ayoungsnailfishseenintheMarianawasfilmedatadepthof8,178metersin2017.Fishsurviveunderhighpressuresofextremedepthsbecauseofosmolytesintheircells(細胞).Theamountofosmolytesincreasesatgreaterdepthstoensurefishcellsdon’tshrink(收縮)toomuchatenormouspressures,butthelevelsoftheosmolytesreachtheirhighestataround8,400meters.Sothat’sthelimitoffishphysiology(生理第12頁/共27頁機能).ScientistProsantaChakrabartyisimpressedthatthefishcouldsurvivesofardown,wherethewaterpressureis800timesthatofthesurface.“Atthatdepth,everythingfromgasexchangeforbreathingtoalmosteveryphysiologicalfunctionseemsimpossible,”hesays.“Icanbarelyswimtothebottomofaswimmingpoolwithoutmyearspopping.”DeepseascientistAlanJamieson’steamdiscoveredthesnailfishinAugust2022intheIzuOgasawaranearJapan,whichconnectstotheMarianainthesouth.ThedeepestpartsoftheJapanesetrenchareslightlywarmerthanthewatersatsimilardepthsintheMariana,reachingabout1.7degreesCelsius.Theslightdifferenceintemperatureseemstobewhythesnailfishsurvives.Osmolytesarelesseffectiveatlowtemperatures,andthesesnailfisharelivingneartheedgeofwhat’spossible.Theresearchersuseda“lander”—anunderwatervehicleequippedwithcameras—tophotographthefish.Thelanderthatmadethefindingphotographedasingleyoungsnailfishat8,336meters.Over400speciesofsnailfishareknownfromshallowwaterstoextremedepths,andeachspeciesadaptstowhereitlives.“Eachtrenchhasitsownsnailfishinit.Oncethey’vegrowntocopeinatrench,theycannotdepress(解壓)togetfromonetrenchtoanother,”saysJamieson,wholedtheteamthatmadethediscovery.Andhealsonotedthepartplayedbytechnologyinthediscovery.32.Howdoesthissnailfishfromthoselivinginshallowwaters?A.Itscellsaremuchlargerinsize.B.Itmovesatmuchslowerspeeds.C.Itsbodycontainsmanymoreosmolytes.D.Itisabletoliveamuchlongerlife.33.WhatdoesChakrabartywanttoshowbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3?A.Thesnailfish’samazingabilitytocopewithenormouspressures.B.Theacceptablepressuresatthebottomofaswimmingpool.C.Thechallengeoffindingafishatthedeepestpartsofatrench.D.Thegreatchangesinpressureatdifferentdepthsofwater.34.Whatmakesitpossibleforthesnailfishtobreakthe2017record?A.Thetrench’sspecialstructure.B.Thelargeamountoffood.C.Thelowerpressure.D.Thewarmerwater.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AdeeperunderstandingofunexploredtrenchesB.HowastrangelookingfishsurvivesC.HowresearchersexplorethedeepseaD.Thedeepestfisheverrecorded第13頁/共27頁【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了科學家在日本附近的海溝發現了一種生活在極端深海環境中的獅子魚，這是目前已知生活在最深水域的魚類。【32題詳解】Fishsurviveunderhighpressuresofextremedepthsbecauseofosmolytesintheircells(細胞).Theamountofosmolytesincreasesatgreaterdepthstoensurefishcellsdon’tshrink(收縮)toomuchatenormouspressures,butthelevelsoftheosmolytesreachtheirhighestataround8,400meters.(魚類之所以能在極深的高壓下生存，是因為它們細胞中的滲透細胞。滲透細胞的數量在更深的地方增加，以確保魚的細胞在8400)水區的獅子魚的不同之處在于它的身體含有更多的滲透細胞。故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段““Atthatdepth,everythingfromgasexchangeforbreathingtoalmosteveryphysiologicalfunctionseemsimpossible,”hesays.“Icanbarelyswimtothebottomofaswimmingpoolwithoutmyearspopping.”()”可知，在那個深度，幾乎所有的生理功能似乎都是不可能的，由此可推知，Chakrabarty想通過說出第三段中劃線的句子來表達獅子魚應對巨大壓力的驚人能力。故選A。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“ThedeepestpartsoftheJapanesetrenchareslightlywarmerthanthewatersatsimilardepthsintheMariana,reachingabout1.7degreesCelsius.Theslightdifferenceintemperatureseemstobewhythesnailfishsurvives.(日本海溝的最深處比Mariana的相似深度的海水略熱，達到約1.7攝氏度。溫度的微小差異似乎是獅子魚存活下來的原因。)”可知，讓獅子魚有可能打破2017年的紀錄的是溫暖的海水。故選D。【35題詳解】Scientistsexploringamarinetrench(海溝)nearJapanwereastonishedtofindafishat8,336metersbelowthesurface.Thecreatureisatypeofsnailfish,andit’sprobablythedeepestfishanyonewilleverfind.Thepreviousrecordholder,ayoungsnailfishseenintheMarianawasfilmedatadepthof8,178metersin2017.(科學家們在日本附近的一個海溝里驚奇地發現了一條魚，在水下8336米的地方。這種生物是一種獅子魚，它可能是人們能找到的最深的魚。之前的紀錄保持者是2017年在Mariana海8178米。)第14頁/共27頁活在極端深海環境中的獅子魚，這是目前已知生活在最深水域的魚類，因此最好的標題是D選項“Thedeepestfisheverrecorded(有記錄以來最深的魚)”。故選D。第二節（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）There’sonethingforcertainwe’reallgettingolder.Andwhiletheolderamongusmaybenospringchickensanymore,growingoldgracefullyisnobadthing.____36____.However,astheworldpopulationages,willtherebeenoughpeopletoreplaceouryoungerselves?Asituationwheretherearemoreoldpeoplethanyoungcertainlyhasanontheworld.____37____.Accordingtoit,globallythenumberofpeopleover65yearsoldwilltriple(增至三倍)by2050,greatlychangingsomecountries’demographicmakeup(人口組成).Thisgrowinganddependentpopulationmeansthatthereisanincreaseddemandforhealthandsocialcare.Governmentswillstruggletoprovidesatisfactorypensions(養老金),whichareultimatelyfundedbytaxes(稅)paidbytheworkingpopulation.Andlongterm,asmallerpopulationofeconomicallyactivepeoplemaybeaproblemforpaniestryingtoemploy____38____.ThePewResearchCentersurveyfoundthat87%ofJapanesepeopleweremostconcernedaboutit,whileonly26%ofpeoplefromtheUSAwereanxiousaboutit.Here,immigration(移民)ishelpingtoboost(使增長)theyoungerworkforce.Somecountriesthoughttheelderlyshouldtakecareofthemselves,whileothersthoughtitwastheresponsibilityofthefamily.Manythoughtthegovernmentshouldberesponsible.Butoldageshouldn’tjustbeseennegatively.____39____.Somehavewealthwhichtheycanspendhelpingtheeconomy.Somehavethepassiontohelpsocietybydoingvoluntaryorcharitywork.____40____.Theseincludeincreasingtheretirementage,encouragingpeopletosaveforthefuture,persuadingskilledandeducatedmigrantstofilllabourshortages,orevenconvincingpeopletohavemorechildren.A.AreportwasmadebythePewResearchCenter.B.Ofcourse,solutionsareneededtosolvetheissue.C.Therefore,anagingpopulationleadstoimprovementsthatbenefitsallagegroups.D.Elderlypeoplehaveknowledgeandexperiencetheycanpasson.E.ageeswisdom.F.Attitudestoanageingpopulationvaryaroundtheworld.G.Theagingpopulationpresentsanopportunityforeconomicdiversification(多元化).【答案】36.E37.A38.F39.D40.B第15頁/共27頁【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人口老齡化這一現象以及其帶來的好處和挑戰。36題詳解】根據前文“There’sonethingforcertainwe’reallgettingolder.Andwhiletheolderamongusmaybenospringchickensanymore,growingoldgracefullyisnobadthing.(有一件事是肯定的——我們都在變老。雖然我們中的老年人可能不再是年輕的年輕人，但優雅地變老并不是一件壞事。)”可知，這里在說人都會變老，優雅地變老也不錯，E選項ageeswisdom.(歲月帶來智慧。)可知，承接上文，進一步說明變老的好處。故選E項。【37題詳解】根據后文“Accordingtoit,globallythenumberofpeopleover65yearsoldwilltriple(增至三倍)by2050,greatlychangingsomecountries’demographicmakeup(人口組成).(根據該報告，到2050年，全球65歲以上it”指代前文提到的某個事物，A選項AreportwasmadebythePewResearchCenter.(皮尤研究中心做了一份報告。)it”指代“areport”，上下文緊密連接，符合語境。故選A項。【38題詳解】根據后文“ThePewResearchCentersurveyfoundthat87%ofJapanesepeopleweremostconcernedaboutit,whileonly26%ofpeoplefromtheUSAwereanxiousaboutit.Here,immigration(移民)ishelpingtoboost(使增長)theyoungerworkforce.Somecountriesthoughttheelderlyshouldtakecareofthemselves,whileothersthoughtitwastheresponsibilityofthefamily.Manythoughtthegovernmentshouldberesponsible.(皮尤研究中心的調查發現，87%的日本人最擔心這個問題，而只有