四級短對話真題里的虛擬語氣：Ifthingsweretobetwice,allwouldbewise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成聰明人。《讀名言學語法》，朱奎，群言出版社，2005，P31,13:12PAGEPAGE1四級短對話真題里的虛擬語氣——循序而漸進，熟讀而精思。《中華圣賢經》，山湖紀人，海天出版社，2006，P58【注】①2002年6月至2011年12月，音頻位置以新東方版本為標準；2012年6月至2014年6月，以星火版本為標準;2012年6月至2014年6月，以星火版本為標準。②五號字，行間距20磅，上下左右頁邊距2.1時，頁面顯示更整齊。OutlineI.If從句假設過去II.If從句假設現在和將來III.詞組表示隱含條件IV.IwishV.IfonlyVI.If從句錯綜時間：從句指過去，主句表現在VII.特殊詞組：I’dratherVIII.名詞性從句表示建議要求等IX.附：我的《塑造完美語音》講義中相關的第4部分X.含有虛擬語氣的名言——《讀名言學語法》，朱奎，群言出版社，2005I.If從句假設過去e.g.(1)2013年06月(第2套)6.【5:40】A)Pamela’sreportisnotfinishedasscheduled.B)Pamelahasahabitofdoingthingsinahurry.C)Pamelaisnotgoodatwritingresearchpapers.D)Pamela’smistakescouldhavebeenavoided.6.【5:40】M:I’veheardthatPamelamadequiteafewmistakesinherlabreport.W:Well,shewouldn’thaveifshehadn’tbeeninsuchahurrytogetitdone.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?【D.Pamela’smistakescouldhavebeenavoided.】【注意四級聽力重復出現的人名：2003年9月PassageOne，音頻位置新東方版8:01~9:50】

PamelaRoyalandherpartner,EdithClark,aretheownersoftheSeaViewHotelinBrighton.II.If從句假設現在和將來e.g.(2)2005年6月（=星火版2013年6月第3套，“由往年真題聽力優化而來”）2.【2:01】A)Taketheringtotheadministrationbuilding.C)Waitfortheowneroftheringintherestroom.B)Givetheringtoapoliceman.D)Handintheringtothesecurityoffice.2.【2:01】W:Ifoundanexpensivediamondringintherestroomthismorning.M:IfIwereyou,I’dturnitintothesecurityoffice.Itisbehindtheadministrationbuilding.Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?【D.Handintheringtothesecurityoffice.】e.g.(3)2005年12月24日（=2006年1月）8【6:31】A)Priorityshouldbegiventolistening.B)It’smosthelpfultoreadEnglishnewspaperseveryday.C)It’smoreeffectivetocombinelisteningwithreading.D)Readingshouldcomebeforelistening.8.【6:31】W:Inmyopinion,watchingthenewsonTVisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.Whatdoyouthink?M:ItwouldbebetterifyoucouldcheckthesameinformationinEnglishnewspapersafterwards.Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutlearningEnglish?【C.It’smoreeffectivetocombinelisteningwithreading.】e.g.(4)2007年12月13.【2:27】A)Teachinghersonbyherself.C)Askingtheteacherforextrahelp.B)Havingconfidenceinherson.D)Tellinghersonnottoworry.13.【2:27】W:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinmyplace?M:IfPaulweremyson,I’djustnotworry.Nowthathisteacherisgivinghimextrahelpandhe'sworkinghardhimself,he’ssuretodowellinthenextexam.Q:What’stheman’ssuggestiontothewoman?【B.Havingconfidenceinherson.】e.g.(5)2011年6月18.【4:53】A)Acomputergame.C)Anexcitingexperience.B)Animaginarysituation.D)Avacationbythesea.18.【4:53】M:Jane,supposeyoulostallyourmoneywhiletakingavacationoverseas,whatwouldyoudo?W:Well,IguessI'dsellmywatchorcomputerordosomeoddjobstillIcouldaffordareturnplaneticket.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?【B.Animaginarysituation.】III.詞組表示隱含條件e.g.(6)2010年6月17.【4:42】A)FewstudentsunderstandProf.Johnson'slectures.B)FewstudentsmeetProf.Jonson'srequirements.C)ManystudentsfindProf.Johnson'slecturesboring.D)ManystudentshavedroppedProf.Johnson'sclass.17.【4:42】W:You’retakingacoursewithProfessorJohnson.What’syourimpressionsofar?M:Well,manystudentscouldhardlystayawakeinhisclasswithoutfirstdrinkingacupofcoffee.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?【C.ManystudentsfindProf.Johnson'slecturesboring.】e.g.(7)2014年6月（第1套）5.【3:02】A)Hedoesn’tgetonwiththeothers.C)Hehasbeentakenforafool.B)Hedoesn’tfeelateaseinthefirm.D)Hehasfoundabetterposition.5.【3:02】W:Rod,Ihearyou’llbeleavingattheendofthismonth.Isittrue?

M:Yeah.I’vebeenofferedamuchbetterpositionwithanotherfirm.I’dbeafooltoturnitdown.

Q:Whyisthemanquittinghisjob?【D.Hehasfoundabetterposition.】e.g.(8)2010年6月（=星火版2014年6月第3套，“由往年真題聽力優化而來”）12.【1:39】A)Shewilldrivethemantothesupermarket.B)Themanshouldbuyacarofhisown.C)Themanneedn'tgoshoppingeveryweek.D)Shecanpickthemanupatthegrocerystore.12.【1:39】M:DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourcartogogroceryshopping?Thesupermarketsoutsidethecityaresomuchcheaper.I’dalsobehappytopickupanythingyouneed.W:Well,Idon’tliketoletanyoneelsedrivemycar.Tellyouwhat,whydon’twegotogether?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?【A.Shewilldrivethemantothesupermarket.】IV.Iwishe.g.(9)2010年12月11.【0:58】A)Themanshouldvisitthemuseums.C)Thebeachresortisagoodchoice.B)Shecan’tstandthehotweather.D)SheenjoysstayinginWashington11.【0:58】M:OhmyGod!Theheatissimplyunbearablehere!Iwishwe’dgonetothebeachinstead.W:Wow,withthemuseumsandrestaurantsinWashington,I’dbehappyherenomatterwhatthetemperature.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?【D.SheenjoysstayinginWashington.】e.g.(10)2006年12月（=星火版2013年12月第3套，“由往年真題聽力優化而來”）13.【2:25】A)Themancanspeakaforeignlanguage.B)ThewomanhopestoimproveherEnglish.C)Thewomanknowsmanydifferentlanguages.D)Themanwishestovisitmanymorecountries.13.【2:25】W:Havingvisitedsomanycountries,youmustbeabletospeakseveraldifferentlanguages.M:IwishIcould.ButJapaneseand,ofcourse,EnglisharetheonlylanguagesIcanspeak.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【A.Themancanspeakaforeignlanguage.】e.g.(11)2007年6月13.【2:21】A)Themanregretsbeingabsent-minded.C)Themanplacedthereadinglistonadesk.B)Thewomansavedthemansometrouble.D)Thewomanemptiedthewastepaperbasket.13.【2:21】M:IwishIhadn’tthrownawaythatreadinglist!W:Ithoughtyoumightregretit.That’swhyIpickeditupfromthewastepaperbasketandleftitonthedesk.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【B.Thewomansavedthemansometrouble.】e.g.(12)2010年12月12.【1:32】A)Hernewresponsibilitiesinthecompany.C)Whatthecustomers’feedbackis.B)Whatherjobprospectsare.D)Thedirector’sopinionofherwork.12.【1:32】M:How’sthenewjobgoing?W:Well,I’mlearningalotofnewthings,butIwishthedirectorwouldgivemesomefeedback.Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?【D.Thedirector’sopinionofherwork.】e.g.(13)2011年6月12.【1:29】A)Janemaybecaughtinatrafficjam.C)HeknowswhatsortofpersonJaneis.B)Janeshouldhavestartedalittleearlier.D)HeisirritatedathavingtowaitforJane.12.

【1:29】W:IwishJanewouldcallwhensheknowsshe'llbelate.Thisisnotthefirsttimewe'vehadtowaitforher.M:Iagree.Butshedoeshavetodrivethroughveryheavytraffictogethere.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?【A.Janemaybecaughtinatrafficjam.】e.g.(14)2011年12月12.【1:28】A)Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.B)Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.C)HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.D)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.12.【1:28】W:IreallyenjoyedtheTVspecialaboutgiraffes長頸鹿lastnight.Didyougethomeintimetoseeit?M:Oh,yes,butIwishIcouldhavestayedawakelongenoughtoseethewholething.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?【D.HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.】V.Ifonlye.g.(15)2004年1月3.【2:38】A)It’squietintherestaurant.C)Therestaurantservesgoodfood.B)Thepriceishighintherestaurant.D)Therestaurantistoofarfromtheirschool.3.【2:38】M:Thefoodinthisrestaurantishorrible.Ifonlywe’dgonetotheschooldininghall.W:Butthefoodisn'teverything.Isn'titnicejusttogetawayfromallthenoise?Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?【A.It’squietintherestaurant.】e.g.(16)2006年6月17日1.【1:02】A)Theywentalongwaytoattendtheparty.B)Theydidn’tthinkmuchofthefoodanddrinks.C)Theyknewnoneoftheotherguestsattheparty.D)Theyenjoyedthepartybetterthantheotherguests.1.【1:02】M:Ithinkthehostessreallywentoutofherwaytomakethepartyasuccess.W:Yes,thefoodanddrinksweregreat,butifonlywehadknownafewoftheotherguests.Q:Whatdidthetwospeakerssayabouttheparty?【C.Theyknewnoneoftheotherguestsattheparty.】VI.If從句錯綜時間：從句指過去，主句表現在e.g.(17)2013年12月（第1套）6.【5:34】A)Samhasabigfamilytosupport.C)Thepayofferedbythetravelagencyistoolow.B)Samisnotinterestedintraveling.D)Theworkhoursinthetravelagencyarctoolong.6【5:34】W:SoyouknowthatSamturnsdownthejobofferedbythetravelagency.M:Yes.Thehourswereconvenient.Butifhehadacceptedit,hewouldn’tbeabletomakeendsmeet.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【C.Thepayofferbythetravelagencyistoolow.】VII.特殊詞組：I’drathere.g.(18)2012年12月(第2套)5.【05:00】A.Itismorecomfortableandconvenienttotakeabus.B.ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoMiami.C.Itisnotalwayscheapergoingbybus.D.ItisfastertogotoMiamibybus.5.【05:00】W:TakingabustoMiamiischeaperthangoingbytrain.M:That’strue.ButI’dratherpayalittlemorefortheaddedcomfortandconvenience.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?【B.ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoMiami.】e.g.(19)2013年12月(第1套)1.【2:57】A)Thewomanisnowworkinginakindergarten.B)Themanwillsoonstartabusinessofhisown.C)Themanwouldliketobeahighschoolteacher.D)Thewomanisgoingtomajorinchildeducation.1【2:57】M:Afterhighschool,I’dliketogotocollegeandmajorinbusinessadministration.W:ButI’dratherspendmycollegedaysfindingouthowchildrenlearn.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【D.Thewomanisgoingtomajorinchildeducation.】VIII.名詞性從句表示建議要求等e.g.(20)2010年6月（=星火版2014年6月第3套，“由往年真題聽力優化而來”）16.【4:05】A)Shewillmeetthemanhalfway.C)ShewillaskDavidtotalkless.B)Sheissorrythemanwillnotcome.D)ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.16.【4:05】M:Ireallycan’tstandthewayDavidcontrolstheconversationallthetime.Ifhe’sgoingtobeatyourChristmasparty,Ijustwon’tcome.W:I’msorryyoufeelthatway,butmymotherinsiststhathecome.【=…heshouldcome.】Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?【D.ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.】IX.附：我的《塑造完美語音》講義中相關的第4部分4．因弱讀或讀音省略而產生的連讀前面的詞以輔音結尾，后面的詞由于弱讀或讀音省略，從而產生輔+元的連讀。4.1連續交談中，he,his,him,herorhome等詞[h]常省略不讀，省略[h]后繼續與前面的單詞形成連讀（在聽力材料中遇到時務必請留意，有時錄音中沒有連讀，但這并不代表普遍意義，不能證明這條規則不成立）e.g.①Ilikehisnewnotebook.②Iwanttobeawinnerlikehim.（Iwantto=Iwanna）③Haveanicetriphome.e.g.(33)P7,2:20Awaygoesthedevilwhenhefindsthedoorshutagainsthim.門戶緊閉，魔鬼退避。e.g.(34)P212,1:09:07Aheroisnothingbutaproductofizhistime.時勢造英雄。e.g.(35)P203,1:03:45Awomancankeeponesecretofh?herage.女人能守住一個秘密：自己的年齡。是否可以這樣推測：humour一詞音譯為“幽默”，也是因為[h]讀音常常被省略，聽起來音似“幽默”所致。4.2(※)have,has,had出現在句子中間時，常讀作[?v][?z][?d](∴Ihave=I’ve)下面例句中has,had,have左下角的[?]表示該詞弱讀。e.g.①Theman?hadleft.(CET-4，Jan.03)②Theplace?hadchanged.(CET-4，Jan.03)③It?zhasopenedanewworldforme.(CET-4，Jan.03)④Niceto?vhavemetyou.e.g.(36)P32,13:57Toliveistochange,andtobeperfectisto?vhavechangedoften.生活就是要去改變，所謂的至善至美就是不斷地發生變化。e.g.(37)P16,3:56Life?zhastaughtmetothink,butthinking?zhasnottaughtmetolive.生活教會了我思考，但思考卻沒有教會我生活。e.g.(38)P19,5:56Amanisnever?zashappy?zashe?zhashoped,nor?zasunhappy?zasihethinks.人從不像他所希望的那么幸福，也從不像他所想象的那么不幸。(Difficult)【注:有的朗讀者會將過去完成時中的had也重讀，d省略】e.g.Hehadfinishedit.+“4.3”部分中e.g.(39),音頻位置4.3※一個無比重要的應用場合虛擬語氣e.g.①Youcould?vhavetakenataxi.(c.f.Youcouldtakeataxi.)②Iwould?vhavedonemore.(c.f.Iwoulddomore)③Youshould?vhaverememberedthis.(Youshouldrememberthis.)④Youshould?vhavecomeearlier.(Youshouldcomeearlier.)⑤Snapemight’vethoughtitwasapunishment.【HarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallows】e.g.(39)P30,12:56IfIhadread?zasmuch?zasothermen,Ishould?vhaveknownnomorethanthey.假如我讀的書和別人一樣多，我就不會比他們知道的多。【注意構成過去完成時的had一詞，h似乎沒有略讀】“musthavev-ed”,“shouldhave+v-ed”等結構中，have讀法類似，都弱讀成了[?v]。《走遍美國》第21