PAGEPAGE16.語法填空＋短文改錯(cuò)＋書面表達(dá)Ⅰ.語法填空(2024·山東青島一模)話題：睡眠詞數(shù)：221難度：★★Therearemanyreasons1.collegeanduniversitystudentsoftenfail2.(get)fullnightsofsleep.ManyAmericanstudentsareawayfromtheirparentsforthefirsttimewhentheyattendcollege.Theymightnotbeusedtohavingtotal3.(free)inhowtheyplantheirdaysandnights.Parties，latenightstudymeetings，orjusttimespentrelaxingwithfriends—theseareallthingsthatcutintocollegestudents’sleephabits.Afewyearsago，MichaelScullinbeganteaching4.scienceofsleeptopsychologystudentsatBaylorUniversityinWaco，Texas.ScullinisanassistantprofessoratBaylorandthedirectorofitsSleepNeuroscienceandCognitionLaboratory.Hesayshisstudentsseemedtoenjoytheclassandwereinterestedinthematerialhewasteaching.Theclass5.(center)roundwhythebodyneedstosleepandthephysicalandmentalhealthproblems6.(cause)byalackofsleep.Thisincludesdifficultyfocusingonstudiesor7.(control)one’semotions，andincreasedriskofmanydiseases.TheUnitedStatesCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionstatesthatadultsneedatleastsevenhoursofsleepanighttostay8.(health)．Scullinfoundstudentswhosleptmoreperformed9.(well)intwodifferentclasses,10.hepublishedhisfindingsintwoacademicpublicationslastNovember.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了導(dǎo)致高校生常常無法獲得足夠睡眠的緣由以及缺少睡眠給高校生帶來的危害。1．答案why解析考查關(guān)系副詞。分析句子可知，reasons為先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作緣由狀語，所以關(guān)系副詞為why。故填why。2．答案toget解析考查動(dòng)詞不定式。failtodosth.未能做某事，為固定短語。故填toget。3．答案freedom解析考查名詞。total為形容詞，修飾名詞freedom。故填freedom。4．答案the解析考查冠詞。thescienceofsleep睡眠科學(xué)，the表示特指。故填the。5．答案centered解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)。故填centered。6．答案caused解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，problems與cause在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。故填caused。7．答案controlling解析考查動(dòng)名詞。分析句子可知，focusing與controlling為or連接的兩個(gè)并列成分。故填controlling。8．答案healthy解析考查形容詞。stay為半系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語。故填healthy。9．答案better解析考查副詞的比較級(jí)。由“more”可知，這里事實(shí)上是睡眠較為足夠的學(xué)生與睡眠不足的學(xué)生，在課程表現(xiàn)中的對(duì)比，所以用well的比較級(jí)better。故填better。10．答案and解析考查連詞。分析句意可知，前后句表示并列關(guān)系，所以用and來連接。故填and。Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)(2024·湖南彬州二模)話題：二手商品詞數(shù)：118難度：★★Nowadays，manypeoplelikebuyingsecond-handgoods.Thereasonareasfollows：Firstofall，second-handgoodsarecheaperthannewones，enabledpoorpeopletobuythethingstheywant.Moreover，thesecond-handgoodstrademakespossibleforpeopletomakegooduseofthegoodswhatmaybeuselessintheirhands.Besides，theInternetprovidesaconvenientlyplatformforsecond-handgoods.Therefore，therearesomeproblemsinthesecond-handgoodstrade.Foronething，thequalityofsecond-handgoodscannotbepromise.Foranother，second-handgoodsmarketslackofenoughmanagement，andthereexistmanydishonesttradeactivities.Intheword，thesecond-handgoodstradeisagoodtradingway，butitneedfurtherperfection.答案Nowadays，manypeoplelikebuyingsecond-handgoods.Theeq\f(reason,reasons)areasfollows：Firstofall，second-handgoodsarecheaperthannewones，eq\f(enabled,enabling)poorpeopletobuythethingstheywant.Moreover，thesecond-handgoodstrademakeseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(it))possibleforpeopletomakegooduseofthegoodseq\f(what,that/which)maybeuselessintheirhands.Besides，theInternetprovidesaeq\f(conveniently,convenient)platformforsecond-handgoods.eq\f(Therefore,However)，therearesomeproblemsinthesecond-handgoodstrade.Foronething，thequalityofsecond-handgoodscannotbeeq\f(promise,promised).Foranother，second-handgoodsmarketslackofenoughmanagement，andthereexistmanydishonesttradeactivities.Ineq\f(the,a)word，thesecond-handgoodstradeisagoodtradingway，butiteq\f(need,needs)furtherperfection.eq\x(語篇解讀文章介紹了二手商品的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。)第一處：考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。由下面列出的幾條理由及謂語動(dòng)詞are可知，此處reason應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故把reason改成reasons。其次處：考查現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，故把enabled改成enabling。第三處：考查it的用法。此處it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式，故在makes后面加it。第四處：考查定語從句。此處goods是先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作主語，故把what改成that/which。第五處：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。此處platform是名詞，形容詞修飾名詞，故把conveniently改成convenient。第六處：考查副詞。前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把Therefore改成However。第七處：考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此處是含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故把promise改成promised。第八處：考查動(dòng)詞lack的用法。此處lack是及物動(dòng)詞，故把of去掉。第九處：考查固定搭配。inaword總而言之，故把the改成a。第十處：考查主謂一樣。句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，且主語是it，是單數(shù)第三人稱，故把need改成needs。Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)(2024·湖南岳陽二模)假定你是李華，最近你的美國筆友Jack發(fā)來郵件說這個(gè)暑假他想來中國旅游。請(qǐng)用英語給他回一封郵件，主要內(nèi)容如下：1．表示歡迎；2．介紹長城、岳陽樓或者杭州西湖(任選一個(gè)景點(diǎn))。留意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJack，Yours，LiHua參考范文DearJack，I’mverygladtohearthatyouarecomingtoChinathissummerholiday.Youwillbewarmlywelcomed.TherearelotsoffamousplacesofinterestinChinaforyoutovisit，forexample，theGreatWall，YueyangTower，theWestLakeandsoon.TaketheGreatWallforexample.Itisknownasoneofthesevengreatwondersoftheworld，whichislocatedinNorthChina，over6,000kilometersinlengthand25feethighonaverage.Itcandatebackto2,700yearsagobu