八年級英語牛津譯林版上冊期中復習

專題四語法

【重要語法歸納】

(-)

1.用形容詞的比較級計較兩件事物的數量：

More...than可修飾可數名詞復數形式，也可修飾不可數名詞；

Fewer...than修飾可數名詞復數形式；

Less...than修飾不可數名詞

2.用形容詞的最高級比較三件或三件以上的事物的數量

Themost可修飾可數名詞復數形式，也可修飾不可數名詞

Thefewest修飾可數名詞復數形式

Theleast修飾不可數名詞

3.副詞的比較級和最高級

不規則變化：well-better-best；badly—worse—worst;

far---farther/further---ferthest/furthest

(二)

反身代詞的含義及構成：

所謂反身代詞，是指人們用來反指自己的代詞。英語中的反身代詞共

有8個，它們有人稱和數的變化。

反身代詞的構成有極強的規律性：第一、第二人稱的反身代詞由形容

詞性的物主代詞加一self或一selves構成；第三人稱的反身代詞由人

稱代詞的賓格加一self或一selves構成。

反身代詞的用法：

反身代詞與它所指代的一名詞或代詞形成互指關系，在句中常用作賓

語、表語或同位語。

1.反身代詞可以用作一些動詞（短語）或介詞的賓語，此時，句子的

主語和賓語必須同一個人或物。如：

Wemustlookafterourselvesandkeepfit.

我們必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。

Sheoftenbuysherselfniceclothes.

她經常為自己買漂亮的衣服。

Don'tthinktoomuchofyourself!別過多地為自己考慮！

2.反身代詞在句中還可以用作主語或賓語的同位語，用來加強語氣，

表示“親自、本人、本身”等意思、。但反身代詞在句中不能單獨作主語。

如：

Idon'tneedanyhelp.Icandoitmyself.我不需要幫助，我自己能

做。（主語的同位語）這句話不可表示成1don'tneedanyhelp,myselfcan

doit.

Ifyouwanttoknowmore,youmayaskMissWhiteherself.

如果你想了解更多情況，你可以問一問懷特小姐木人。（賓語的同位

語）

3.反身代詞在句中還可以用作連系動詞的表語。如：

Thelittleboyinthephotowashimself.

照片中的那個小男孩就是他自己。

反身代詞構成的固定表達：

反身代詞可以與一些介詞、動詞搭配，構成一些十分有用的固定短

語。如：

byoneself意為“獨自,憑自己”，相當于alone；enjoyoneself意為“玩

得高興，過得愉快”，相當十havefun或haveagoodtime；

helponeselfto…意為“隨便吃或喝點....隨便用……”；

keep...tooneself意為“不將某事說出去“；

saytooneself意為"自言自語

(三)

1.祈使句。

祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建議、請求、叮囑、號召等，謂語動

詞用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don匕祈使句一般有四種類型：

(1)行為動詞類型：Openthedoor,please!請把門打開！

Don'topenthedoor,please!請不要開門!

⑵以let開頭的祈使句：Letmego(here.讓我去那兒吧。

(3)“Be+形容詞”類型：Becareful!小心!

(4)“No+名詞/動名詞”類型：Nosmoking!禁止吸煙！

(5)祈使句的反義疑問句的簡略疑問句，一般用willyou?

但是Let's.…句型后加shallwe?

2.用should,hadbetter等提建議。

(1)Wouldyoulike/love(todo)sth.?

這是一個很委婉的表示建議的句型，并帶有與對方商量的意味,

意為“你想要(做)……嗎？”。

⑵ShallI/wedosth.?

此句型是用來提建議或征求對方意見的，意為“我(們)做……好嗎？",

語氣委婉，商量的語氣較濃。

(3)Let'sdosth.

當你覺得可以直截了當地向對方提出建議，讓對方和自己一起去做某

事時，常用該句型，意為“咱們做……吧。”該句型后常加附加問句

-shallwer,使語氣更加委婉。

(4)主語+hadbetter(not)dosth..

該句型用于表示對下級、晚輩的勸告，往往帶有命令、強制的語氣，

意為“某人最好(不要)做某事

⑸Whydon'tyou/wedosth.?表示向對方提出一種建議或詢問某種原

因，暗含有責備對方的意思，意為“為什么不……？

(6)What/Howabout(doing)sth.?

如果是在討論式的談話中，可用該句型提出一個建議或引出一個新話

題。

(7)Youshould(not)do...,

此句型意為“你(不)應該做……should的語氣比hadbetter要委

婉。

【課堂專練】

一、單項選擇

()1.Doyouwanttobehealthy?.canhelpyoustay

healthy.

A.SmilingB.SmileC.TosmileD.Smiled

()2.—Johnissoexcited.Didhewinthecompetition?

一Yes.Hewasluckyandhehadoneminutetocompletethe

specialtask,nomoreandnoless.

A.especiallyB.probablyC.exactlyD.hardly

()3.—You'dbettersomepopcornorsoftdrinksbeforethe

filmbegins.

—ButIthinkit'sbetteranythingwhilewatchingthefilm.

A.buy;nothaveB.tobuy;nottohave

C.tobuy;nothaveD.buy;nottohave

()4.——AreyouhappywithBruce'snewworksofart?

一Notalittle.Theycouldn'tbe.

A.anybetterB.anyworseC.sobadD.thebest

()5.Amyisacarefulgirlthatshemademistakesinherlast

exam.

A.so;solittleB.so;suchlittleC.such;suchfewD.such;sofew

()6.—Tim,youarealwayssolazy!I'veneverseenbedroomthan

thisone.——Sorry,mum.Iwilltidyituprightnow.

A.theuntidyB.amoreuntidierC.theuntidiestD.anuntidier

()7.ThepopulationofChinaismuchthanthatofcountry

inAfrica.

A.more;anyB.larger;anyotherC.more;anyotherD.larger;any

()8.Oh,sorry,Ican'tyou.Couldyousayitinaloud?

A.listento:voiceB.hear;sound

C.hear;voiceD.listento;noise

()9.—Damon,whatwouldyouliketoeatnow?

一Oh,mom,anythingwilldo.

A.most;mostB.almost;almostC.almost;mostD.most;almost

()10.Thewatchtowerisagoodplacetoenjoythebeautyofthewhole

citybecauseofits.

A.sizeB.lengthC.heightD.shape

()11.funwehavewitheachotheratlunchtime!

A.How:tochatB.What;chatting

C.What;tochatD.How;chatting

()12.—Couldyoutellmewhenshewilltheairport?

一Well,before5p.m.Thenshewillyourhomeassoonaspossible.

A.arrive;reachB.arriveat;reach

C.arrive;reachatD.arriveat;reachat

()13.Tomissuretofindthemuseum,sincehehasaprettygoodof

direction.

A.ideaB.feelingC.senseD.experience

()14.theboybrownhairlike?

A.Howis;withB.What;with

C.What's;haveD.What's:with

()15.Hownicethepancake!Ican'twaitit!

A.looks;tastingB.likes;totaste

C.Lookslike;tastingD.looks;totaste

()16.Youwillfindasyoureadthisbookthatyoujustcan'tkeepsome

ofthesestoriesto.Youwillwanttosharethemwithafriend.

A.itselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.themselves

()17.Theswimmingpoolisdirtywater.Cleanitbeforeyouswim.

A.fillwithB.fullofC.filledofD.fullwith

()18.It'ssocoldtoday.Let'stakeataxi,?

A.areweB.doweC.haveweD.shallwe

()19.Whynotyourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan*tfinishit

byyourself?

A.ask;writingB.toask:writing

C.ask;writeD.asking;write

()20.—Howareyougoing,buddy?—.Alittlebusy,though.

A.NottoobadB.Can'tbeworse

C.OnmyownD.Bytrain

二、適當形式填空

1.Maryisvery.She'shappytheweak.(help)

2.Hefeltbecausehismotherwasill.(happy).

3.ZhaoHuaisgoodat,sosheveryquickly,

(run)

4.Thoseclothesarethe(visit).

5.Itwascoldyesterday,(terrible)

6.Mycat(catch)two(mouse)lastnight.

7.They(hold)a(parent)meetinglastweek.

8.Hisfatherwasangrybecausehedidhomework(care).

9.The(goldfish)inthetankarecolour.

10.ShouldJim(take)hisumbrellawithhim?

11.Ourteacher(tell)us(notread)inthesun.

12.Agoodisalwayspolitebeforeandafter(visit).

13.They(notbe)carefulwhentheydidhomework.

14.1forgottobuy(I)apresentinmybirthday.

15.Whenhe(get)tired,he(sleep)forawhile.

16.Thegoldfish(look)beautifulwhenhe(swim).

17.Jimhasaparrot(call)Polly.Itlearns(repeat)the

wordspeoplesay.

18.(be)quiet,please.Youmustn't(make)any

noseinclass.

19.Youshould(take)yourraincoatwithyou.It

(rain)soon.

20.ThisbookisveryandIaminit.(interest).

21.Whatabout(go)shoppingtomorrow?

22.CanIhavesome(much)foodtoo.

23.How(sad)helookedattheparty!

24.How(sad)helookedathisfather!

25.TheteachermadeJack(go)outofclass.

26.Whydoyoumakeyourfatherso(angry).

27.It'sgoodtolearnEnglishina(fun)way.

28.Myfriendisvery(friend)and(help).Ilikehim

verymuch.

29.Herfamilyareall(music).

3().How(good)doesheknowhisfriends?

31.1thinkit's(bore)toplaycomputergames.

32.Hewasveryhappybecauseof(win)thegame.

33.Hisvoicesounds(music).

34.Thesickboyismuch(thin)thanthehealthyboy.

35.Thisstoryisalittle(fun)thanthatone.

36.Amy'sdrawingis(bad)than(I).

37.Ourcarsaren'tas(new)asthe

(visit).

38.Jimis(tall)ofthetwoboys.

39.Skiinganddiving(be)(danger)than

theotheractivities.

40.Shedoes(well)ofallinthesingingcompetitionevery

thime.

41.1feel(happy)whenmyfriendsaresad.

42.I'm(real)happy(tell)youaboutmyfuture

plans.

43.Childrenunder1.2metersin(high)don'thavetobuytickets

whentheyvisitamuseum.

44.It's(care)ofhimtoknockmybooksoffthedesk..

45.Now,JayChowisoneof(popular)(sing).

46.Doyoufeel(comfort)whenyoutakesomemedicine?

47.It's(bore)todoexercisesallday.

48.Givemesomething(taste)toeat.

49.Hehad(cook)lessonsinschoollastyear.Shejoinedin

the(sing)Grouplastterm.

50.Iwanttoeatmuch(health)foodtokeepmuch

(fit)

51.I'm(please)witha(please)taste.

52.Wealwayshaveagreattime(learn)and

(speak)English.

53._______(drive)acartakes(little)timethan

__________(take)abus.

54.Thesecoatsarethose(hero).

55.Doyouthinkdogsare(smart)thanpeople?

56.Whois(lazy),HoboorEddie?

57.Weneed(little)moneyand(few)peopletodo

theworkbetter.

58.Canyoutellmeany(different)between

(Britain)Englishand(America)English?

59.Jimjumps.LiPingjumpsthanJim.Simon

jumpsofall.(far).

60.Maths(be)veryimportant.Weshouldworkhardatit.

61.Themovie(be)onatthecinemalastweek.

62.Ofallthethings,theoneoverthere(bad).

63.Jillisn'tas(tall)asLucy,butsheismuch

(heavy)and(fat)thanLucy.

64.1knowtheyaretryingtheir(good)inthismatter.

65.Thisis(expensive)printerintheshop.

66.Oneof(nice)boys(like)football.

67.(swim)(be)betterthan

(hike).

68.Hereadsmagazines(quiet)ofusthree.

69.Howthechildrenare!Theyareplaying

(noise).

70.Hismotheris40yearsoldat(little).

71.Theycandotheseexercisevery

(easy).

72.Lindais(good)atGeographythanPeter,but

(bad)athistory.

73.Idon'tliketheseold(one).Pleaseshowmesomething

new.

74.Hegetsup(early)thanIdo.

75.Thispictureisn'tthesameasthatone.There9re

(different)betweenthem.

76.Sheisveryshy.Shedoesn'tlike(be)onTV.

77.Ifit(notsnow)tomorrow,wewanttogoonaschooltrip.

78.Howmanypets(monkey)dotheyhave?

79.Itisimpossible(snow)inGuangzhou.

80.Ifhe(notbe)careful,hewillfalldownfromthetree.

【答案】

一、1—5BCDAD6—10DDCDC11