課時作業(yè)(三十二)選修7Unit2RobotsⅠ.閱讀理解A(2018·南昌十校二模)IhateBlackFridaysales.It'softenagatheringofpeoplewhoarethereformanydifferentreasons.Somearelookingforadealonthatoneitemfortheirlovedone,orperhapsthemselves.Theirintentionsarepletelyunrelatedtothefestivetimeoftheyear.ItwasseveralyearsagowhenmywifeaskedmetomeetheratthelocaldepartmentstoreonBlackFridaymorning.Theyhadadvertisedachild'sbikethatshewantedtopurchaseforourson.Westoodwithaverylargecrowd,waitingforthemanagertoblowthewhistle.Afterawhilethewhistleblew.Itwaslikethrowingabucketofsmallfishintoatankofsharks.Itoldmywifethatifweobtainedabike,fine,butifwedidnot,IwasOKwiththattoo.Asthepileofbikesbegantograduallydecreaseinsize,Isawmypoliteopportunitytowrapmyhandsaroundthecornerofoneoftheboxes.Ilifteditupandsuddenlyfeltsomemildresistance.IlookeduptoseeoneofthelargestgentlemenIhadeverseeninmylife.Frighteningwasnotthewordtodescribehispresence.Heworelotsofbeltsofmetalstuddedleatheraroundbotharmsandevenhisneck.Tattoos(文身)wereanobviouspassionofhis.Istartedtogiveuptheboxbuthegentlypusheditbackinmydirectionandbackintomyhands.Hethendirecteditintomyshoppingcart.Helookedatme,smiled,andsaid,“MerryChristmas.”MywifeandIwenttothecheckout,paidforthebikeandwenthome.AllthewayhomeIwasthinkingthatthismomentwasbyfarthebestgiftIhadeverreceivedforChristmas.Thekindnessofastrangerbrokeallpreconceivednotions(預(yù)想)Imayhavehadofstereotypesandprejudices.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者和妻子想在黑色星期五大搶購時給兒子買輛自行車，無奈百貨商店里人山人海。作者本想放棄，沒想到一個陌生人把自行車盒子讓給了他。這讓作者改變了之前對他人的偏見。1.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhengoingintothestore?A．Thecrowdwaslikesmallfish.B．Theymightnotgetthebike.C．Hewasexcitedtodotheshopping.D．Thewhistlewasblowntoolate.答案與解析：B'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itoldmywifethatifweobtainedabike,fine,butifwedidnot,IwasOKwiththattoo.”可知作者進入商店時已經(jīng)做好了買不到自行車的打算，故選B項。本題考生易錯選A項和C項。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itwaslikethrowingabucketofsmallfishintoatankofsharks.”可知，它就好比往鯊魚池里扔一桶小魚一樣(這里指人們爭先恐后地往店里擠)，因此crowd應(yīng)是被比作鯊魚，而不是小魚，故排除A項；根據(jù)第一段中的“IhateBlackFridaysales.”可知，作者并不喜歡在黑色星期五大搶購時購物，故排除C項。2.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasbuyingthebike?A．Hewasscaredbyaman'slookatfirst.B．Agentlemanboughtthebikeforhim.C．Astrangerhelpedhimliftthebox.D．Hegaveupthebikehefirsttouched.答案與解析：A'考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“IlookeduptoseeoneofthelargestgentlemenIhadeverseeninmylife.Frighteningwasnotthewordtodescribehispresence.”可知，“嚇人”這個詞已經(jīng)不足以形容這個人的出現(xiàn)了。故選A項。C項存在干擾性，但根據(jù)第四段中的“hegentlypusheditbackinmydirection”可知陌生人只是把盒子推回來，而不是舉起來(lift)。D項也有一定的干擾性，但根據(jù)第四段中的“Istartedtogiveuptheboxbut...”和故事后續(xù)發(fā)展可知，作者一開始準(zhǔn)備放棄但后來陌生人把盒子讓給了他，故排除D項。3.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A．Lookbeforeyouleap.B．Customisasecondnature.C．Doingisbetterthansaying.D．Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.答案與解析：D'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中對陌生人的描寫可知，作者一開始因陌生人的外表而覺得他是個可怕的人；根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，陌生人把盒子讓給了作者，作者由此發(fā)出感慨“Thekindnessofastrangerbrokeallpreconceivednotions(預(yù)想)Imayhavehadofstereotypesandprejudices.”，即陌生人的善意打破了作者對他人的偏見，讓作者知道不能以貌取人。4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．BlackFridaysalesB．Myson'sbestbikeC．ThebestChristmasgiftD．Astrangegentleman答案與解析：C'考查主旨要義。文章講述了作者和妻子為兒子買自行車作為圣誕禮物時受到了陌生人的幫助的故事，作者認為那一時刻是他收到過的最好的圣誕節(jié)禮物。故C項作標(biāo)題最佳。B(2018·武漢市武昌區(qū)高三年級三月調(diào)研考試)Kandareallydoesn'tliketowalkalone.Thescientistfromaresearchinstituteofintelligentrobotsfindstheexperiencesoboringthathe'dratherdrive—eventhoughhelivesclosetohislabandknowsthatwalkingishealthy.“Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone,likewithmywife,withmydaughter，”Kandasaid.“Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.”SoKanda,whospecializesinhuman-likebots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.Thebotrestsonaperson'sshoulderlikeaboxyparrot.Itweighsaboutapoundandahalfandsitsroughly8.5incheshigh,andis3.5incheswideand10incheslong.Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittomunicate.It'sevenequippedwithasmile.Kandaandhisteamcollectedvideofromfivedifferentlocations,includingagardenandashoppingmall,andcreatedadatasetofsmalltalktopicsrelatedtoeachlocation.Thentheyprogrammedtherobottoassociatevisualcueswithspecifictopics.Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcars,forexample,itmightsay,“Inabigparkinglot,sometimesIforgetwhereIparked.”Theytestedtheroboton15volunteers,10malesand5females,whowerepaidandaveragedabout26yearsold.“Haveyoueverblownapuffofdandelion(蒲公英)seedsintotheair？”Therobotaskedaparticipant，whosmiledandresponded,“Yes,IoftendidthatwhenIwasachild.”Althoughseveralparticipantsnotedtherobot'sweight,Kandawassurprisedthatnooneconsideredtheexperiencestrangeorfunny.“Iguesspeopleenjoynewtechnologies，”hesaid.Justlikeahumanpartner,Kanda'shotisn'tperfect.It'snotabletogoforwalksinheavyrainand,whiletherobotcanmakeexpressions,itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried.Despiteitslimits,Kandawasfortedbythebot'spresence.“Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone，”hesaid,“particularlywhenitspoke.”【文章大意】本文主要介紹了新研發(fā)的陪人散步的機器人。【難句分析】SoKanda,whospecializesinhuman-likebots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞Kanda;that引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞aroboticwalkingpartner;which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾前面的整個分句。譯文：因此專門研究人類機器人的Kanda發(fā)明了一個可以陪人們散步的機器人，這個機器人能夠基于周圍的環(huán)境和人閑談，他希望這樣可以激發(fā)人們走出去，多鍛煉。5.WhydoesKandahavetheideaofdevelopingaroboticwalkingpartner?A．Becausehewantssomeonetoacpanyhimwhilewalking.B．Becausehehasneverdevelopedarobotlikeaparrot.C．Becausehisfamilyareunwillingtowalkwithhim.D．Becauseheiscrazyaboutdevelopingrobots.答案與解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“‘Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone,likewithmywife,withmydaughter，’Kandasaid.‘Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.’”可知，Kanda發(fā)明陪人散步的機器人的原因是想找個人在他散步時陪他，故選A。6.Whatcharacteristicdoestherobothave?A．Itcan“speak”and“see”．B．Itcanwalklikeahumanbeing.C．Itcanmunicatewithpeoplefreely.D．Itismuchmorehumorousthanarealperson.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittomunicate.”以及第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...withavoice.”可推知，這種機器人可以說話還可以看，故選A。7．Whatisnecessaryfortherobottofunction?A．Asmallsize.B．Aboxyshape.C．Ahumanpartner.D．Aspeechsoftware.答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittomunicate.”和第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.”可知，這種機器人是要配備麥克風(fēng)、揚聲器、內(nèi)置攝像頭以及特殊的語音軟件的，故選D。8．WhatisKandamostlikelytodoabouthisrobotnext?A．Tomakeitmoreconvenienttocarry.B．Toimproveitsconversationalskills.C．Toenableittowalkinheavyrain.D．Tobetteritssoundsystem.答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段第二句的“...itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried.”并結(jié)合全文的內(nèi)容可推知，接下為Kanda將要改善的是機器人的交流技能，故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(2018·湖南省部分重點中學(xué)考前演練)HowtoWeleChangeinYourLifeDoyouembrace(欣然接受)theroadyouarenowonorresistandavoidchangeatallcostswhenarecenteventhasshakenyougreatly?Herearethingsyoucandointhemidstofuncertaintytochoosedifferentlytochangethetrackofyourlife.Don'treact.Whatdowedowhenwedon'tknowwhattodo?First,stop,takeadeepbreathanddon'tdoanything.__1__Itishavingfaithandtrustingwhatyoudoknowintheunknown.Reflectonthepast.Anotheractivityistorecalltimesinyourlifewhenyouwerefacedwithanunknown.Then,thinkabouthowyouhandledthesituation.__2__Useyourpastexperiencestobringyoustrength,andtoremindyouwhatyouarecapableof.Makeconsciousdecisions.__3__However,morepossibilitiesopenupwhenweareatpeace.Gooveryourlistofwhatifsandmakeamorebalancedlistofthebestandworstsituationspossible.Thentalktolovedonesaboutwhatyouwoulddoineachsituationandthechoicesyoudohave.__4__Weoftenseefearsasourgreatestenemy,yettheyprovideuswithanenormousopportunityforself-growth.Whatifweweretoseethemasfriendswhowanttohelpusbeeabetterperson?Letyourfearshelpyouinsteadofhurtingyou.Then,writedownwhatestoyou.__5__A．Don'tpanic.B．Befriendyourfears.C．Youmaybesurprisedbytheanswers.D．Whenwearefearful,ouroptionsseemlimited.E．Thentrytofeelateasewiththestateof“notknowing”．F．Learningfrompastfailureshelpsyoumakebetterdecisions.G．Rememberingtheseincidentswillremindyouthatyou'vegonethroughdifficultsituations.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了迎接生活中的變化的幾種方法。1．答案與解析：E根據(jù)空前的“First,stop,takeadeepbreathanddon'tdoanything.”及E項中的“withthestateof‘notknowing’”與空后的“intheunknown”的對應(yīng)關(guān)系可知E項符合語境。2．答案與解析：G'根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Reflectonthepast.”及空前的“thinkabouthowyouhandledthesituation”可知，空處應(yīng)是與回憶過去的情況相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故G項符合語境。3．答案與解析：D'根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Makeconsciousdecisions.”及空處與空后的“However,morepossibilitiesopenupwhenweareatpeace.”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，D項“當(dāng)我們害怕時，我們的選擇似乎是受限的。”符合語境。4．答案與解析：B'根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容尤其是“Whatifweweretoseethemasfriendswhowanttohelpusbeeabetterperson.”可知，本段主要講的是對待恐懼要如同對待朋友一樣，而不要把它們看作敵人。故B項符合語境。5．答案與解析：C'根據(jù)空前的“Then，writedownwhatestoyou”可知，空處的內(nèi)容有關(guān)寫下這些東西的結(jié)果，故C項“你可能會對答案感到震驚。”符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空(2018·江西南昌十校二模)WhenIwasaninternationalstudentinChina,IwasluckytoexperienceChineseNewYear.Thebuild-upwasexcitingaseverywhere__1__(decorate)withred.SomefellowstudentsandIdecidedtotravelfromXi'antoGuilinforthefestival.Travelduringthattimeisquite__2__adventure—manypeoplejourneyhome__3__(see)theirfamiliesandeverywhereisverybusy.OntheeveofNewYear,wewatchedtheCCTVNewYear'sGala.Althoughwedidn'treallyunderstandeverything,itwasgoodtobelost__4__theatmosphereoftheoccasion!AtNewYear,familiesmake__5__(taste)dumplingstogetheraspartofthecelebrations.OnNewYear'sDay,andforseveralweeksafterwards,youcanhearfirecrackersandfireworkseverywhere,andtheair__6__(smell)stronglyofdynamite(火藥)andsmoke.Thiswasadventurousforus!BeinginChinaduringNewYearsomewhatmeant__7__(lonely)thoughitwasagreatexperience.Ican__8__