第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學年上學期廣州初中英語八年級期末一．語音題（共1小題）1．（2023秋?花都區期末）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中劃線單詞invention和candles標記重音。；（2）分別用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末標記升降調（語調）。；（3）用"/"把標下劃線的句子劃分成三個意群。二．語法選擇（共1小題）2．（2023秋?花都區期末）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）persontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）thejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）withoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）alongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）minuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）badwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）peopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤獨的）.Shehad（8）smallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）tokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）youfacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless三．閱讀理解（共4小題）3．（2023秋?花都區期末）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史記》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？A.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？a.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？A.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？A.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.4．（2023秋?花都區期末）Asawayofpassingonknowledge，ideasandcreativity，bookshaveplayedanimportantpartinhumancivilization（文明）.Inancienttimes，therewerenobooks，andpeoplepassedontheirknowledgebytellingstories.TheearliestformsofthebookweremadeinEgyptaround3，000BC.Theseearlyscrolls（卷軸），madefromanimalskins，wereusedtorecordstories，lawsandhistory.Later，peoplelearnedhowtowriteandmakepaper.Theywroteeachwordbyhand.Ittookalongtimetowritejustonebook，makingthemrareandexpensive.Inthe15thcentury，theinventionoftheprintingpressappearedandchangedthebook﹣makingbusinessandeventheworld.Thismadeitpossibletoprintbooksquickly.Evencommonpeoplecouldbuyandreadbooks.Inthe20thcentury，computersandtheInternetchangedtheworldagain.Anewkindofbookappeared：theelectronicbook（e﹣book）.E﹣bookshaveopenedupanewworldforbooks.Theyarequicklychangingpeople'sreadinghabits.Itiseasierforpeopletobuyandsellbooksonlineandcarrythewholelibraryintheirpockets.Therefore，informationtravelsfasterandfarther.Inaword，thehistoryofthebookshowsthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.Fromancientscrollstoe﹣books，thebookhaschangedtomeettheneedsofhumans.Inthefuture，itispossiblethatbookswillcontinuetochange.Now，peoplehavemanywaystoreadbooks.But，moreimportantly，peopleshouldkeeponreading!（1）Beforebooksappeared，howdidpeoplepassontheirknowledge？A.Bydancing.B.Bysinging.C.Throughstorytelling.D.Throughscrolls.（2）Whywerebooksexpensiveintheearlydaysofpaperinvention？A.Becausebooksweremadefromexpensiveanimalskins.B.Becausewritingonebookbyhandneededalotoftime.C.Becausethepaperwasexpensiveatthebeginning.D.Becausepeoplewerebusyinventingtheprintingpress.（3）Whatchangehavee﹣booksbroughttohumansaccordingtothepassage？A.Peoplecanreadbooksconvenientlyanytimefortheirsmallsizes.B.E﹣bookshavemadeitdifficulttobuyandsellpaperbooksonline.C.People'sreadinghabitshavebecomefasterbutlessenjoyable.D.E﹣bookscannotprovidethesamereadingexperienceaspaperbooks.（4）Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph？A.Booksshowthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.B.Peoplewillhavemanydifferentwaystoreadbooks.C.Bookswillcontinuetochangetomeettheneedsofhumans.D.Peopleshouldkeepreadingevenifbookskeepchanging.5．（2023秋?黃埔區期末）THEPLANTWORLDTherearemorethan400，000kindsofplantsonEarth.Someplantsareasbigastallbuildings；othersareassmallasrice.Plantsarekeypartsofthefoodcircle.Theyplayanimportantpartinthenaturebecausetheygiveoutoxygen﹣﹣thegasthatallanimalsneedforbreathing.Whatisaplant？Mostpeoplehavenodifficultyfindingthedifferencesbetweenananimalandaplant.Thatisbecauseanimalscanmovearound，butplantscan't.Whatmakesaplantaplant？Likeanimals，plantsarelivingthingsthataremadeupoflotsofcells（細胞）.Unlikeanimals，plantsmaketheirownfoodbyphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Mostplantshaveroots，stems，andleaves，andmostplantsreproducebygrowingflowersandmakingseeds.Allplantsneedenergytostayaliveandgrow，andtheygetitfromsunlightinsteadoffood.Howdoesaplantgrow？Mostanimalsgrowinacertainway，andgenescontroltheirgrowth.Thatistosay，evenwhentheyaresmall，it'seasytoknowwhattheywilllooklikeaftertheygrowup.Plantsaredifferent.Theirgrowthiscontrolledbygenestoo，buttheirfinalshapealsodependsonwheretheylive.Forexample，atreecanbebigandroundifitgrowsupinanopenspace，butmuchtallerandthinnerifitgrowsinthewoodswithothertreesallaround.Plantsareunabletomovefromoneenvironmenttoanother，soitisimportantthattheyareabletogetusedtotheenvironment.（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinparagraph1？A.Numberofplants.B.Differentsizesofplants.C.Importanceofplants.D.Partsofplants.（2）Whatmethoddoestheauthorusetodescribetheplantsinparagraph2？A.Bycomparing.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bygivingnumbers.D.Bytellingstories.（3）Whatcanweknowaboutplantsfromthepassage？A.Flowerandseedarethemostimportantpartsofaplant.B.Plantsandanimalsgrowinthesameway.C.Onlyenvironmentcontrolstheplants'growth.D.It'simportantfortheplantstogetusedtotheenvironment.（4）Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthepassage？A.Inanadvertisement.B.Inastorybook.C.Inanencyclopaedia.D.Inaposter.6．（2023秋?黃埔區期末）Doinghouseworkisakeypartoffamilylife.Ithelpsimprovetherelationshipamongfamilymembers.However，lotsofChineseparentsareunawareoftheimportanceofdoinghouseworkandtheythinkitisawasteoftime.Inordertoknowhowoftenmiddleschoolstudentsdohouseworkathome，wedidasurveyamong1，200studentsfromGrade7toGrade9inamiddleschool.Thefollowingbarchartshowstheresultofoursurvey.Fromthebarchart，wefindthatonlyasmallnumberofstudentsusuallydohousework.NearlyhalfofthestudentsinGrade9neverdohousework.Theresultmakesusworried.Afterall，doinghouseworkisgoodforstudents.Itcanteachstudentsmanyimportantskills，likeplanning，timing，solvingproblemsandsoon.Doinghouseworkcanalsoteachstudentswhatresponsibilityis.Everyoneshoulddosomethingforthefamily.What'smore，doinghouseworkcanhelpstudentsrelaxthemselvesandkeepabalancebetweenstudyandlife.Therefore，wesuggestthatparentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentodohousework.Theymustlearnoneortwolifeskillseveryyearsothattheycanbebetterpreparedforanindependentlifeinthefuture.（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthebarchart？A.Studentsinallgradesactivelytakepartinhousework.B.OverhalfofthestudentsinGrade8neverdohousework.C.StudentsinGrade7dohouseworkmoreoftenthanstudentsinGrade9.D.TheresultofGrade9studentsistheleastworryingamongallgrades.（2）WhichisNOTanadvantageofdoinghousework？A.Relaxingabusymind.B.Savingmoretimeforstudy.C.Practisingplanningandtimingskills.D.Learningtobeindependentfromparents.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"responsibility"probablymeaninparagraph4？A.Skill.B.Ability.C.Duty.D.Method.（4）What'sthepurposeofthepassage？A.Toshowtheresultofarecentsurvey.B.Toteachstudentshowtodohousework.C.Toremindparentstheimportanceofdoinghousework.D.Topointoutaworryingproblemforteachersinschool.四．短文填空（共1小題）7．（2023秋?黃埔區期末）Lastmonth，weheldanEnglishWeekatschool.Therewerealotofactivitiesinit.It（1）iEnglishBookFair，EnglishSpeakingCompetitionandEnglishPlay.Believeitornot？IactedasSnowWhiteinanEnglishplay.Inthebeginning，Iwasveryshy.Iwasnot（2）conthestage.Ispokeinalowvoice.However，asthesevendwarfs（七個小矮人）sanganddanced，Ibecamerelaxed.Theywereso（3）fthattheaudiencelaughedagainandagain.Finally，wewonthefirst（4）p.Weweresoexcitedbecausewewerethebest!TheEnglishWeekprovideduswithachanceto（5）iourEnglish.MostofusarebetteratEnglishthanbefore.It'sreallycool!五．根據漢語提示完成句子（共2小題）8．（2023秋?南沙區期末）李華去年暑假去看望鄉下的爺爺奶奶。Lastsummerholiday，LiHuawenttoseehisgrandparents.9．（2023秋?南沙區期末）爺爺奶奶準備了足夠多的食物給他吃。Hisgrandparentspreparedforhim.六．翻譯題（共3小題）10．（2023秋?南沙區期末）有些電腦很小，你有可能會忽略它們的存在。11．（2023秋?南沙區期末）我計劃回家后跟他們保持聯系。12．（2023秋?南沙區期末）他就如何提高英語水平，向學生們提供了一些建議。七．書面表達（共1小題）13．（2023秋?海珠區校級期末）隨著互聯網的發展和普及，越來越多的同學選擇網購。上周，你們班進行了一次購物習慣的調查，請按下表統計結果，寫一份調查報告，并談談你的觀點。調查結果理由30%的學生更愿意在商店購物1.和好友一起外出購物2.（請合理發揮1﹣2點）70%的學生更喜歡網購1.更方便2.（請合理發揮1﹣2點）你的觀點：（請合理發揮1﹣2點）注意：（1）詞數：70詞左右（開頭已給出，不計入詞數）。（2）不得透露學校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分。Lastweek，wedidasurveyaboutshoppinghabitsinourclass.________

2024-2025學年上學期廣州初中英語八年級期末典型試卷1參考答案與試題解析一．語音題（共1小題）1．（2023秋?花都區期末）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中劃線單詞invention和candles標記重音。in'vention；'candles（2）分別用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末標記升降調（語調）。↓；↑（3）用"/"把標下劃線的句子劃分成三個意群。peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime.【考點】說明文；日常生活．【答案】（1）in'vention；'candles（2）↓；↑（3）peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime【分析】在燈泡發明之前，人們晚上必須使用油燈、煤氣燈或蠟燭觀看。有了燈泡，人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。你能想象沒有它們的生活嗎？【解答】（1）根據invention/?n?ven?n/，"發明"，可知該單詞的重音在第二個音節。故答案為in'vention；根據candles/?k?ndlz/，"蠟燭"，可知該單詞的重音在第一個音節。故答案為'candles（2）根據Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（有了燈泡，人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。）可知，這是一個陳述句，句子應該使用降調。故答案為↓；根據Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（你能想象沒有它們的生活嗎？）。）可知，這是一個疑問句，句子應該使用升調。故答案為↑。（3）根據句意和語境peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（人們可以在晚上做和白天一樣多的事情。）可知，本句意群可以分為：peoplecando（人們可以做）；asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan（晚上盡可能多的事情）inthedaytime（白天）。故答案為peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime。【點評】掌握句子的知識，結合語境，根據要求，掌握音標知識，正確寫出答案。二．語法選擇（共1小題）2．（2023秋?花都區期末）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）Cpersontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）Bthejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）Awithoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）CalongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）Aminuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）Dbadwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）Bpeopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤獨的）.Shehad（8）Bsmallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）Ctokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）Dyoufacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless【考點】記敘文；杰出人物．【答案】CBACADBBCD【分析】2005年2月8日，艾倫?麥克阿瑟環游世界后抵達英格蘭。她是第一個獨自環游世界的人。她花了71天14小時18分鐘35秒完成了這段旅程。為了縮短旅程時間，她在沒有停靠陸地的情況下繼續航行。當她完成了驚人的旅程時，大約有8000人在港口等待向她表示祝賀。她在2004年11月28日離開英格蘭，環游了大約43000公里才回到家。在開始漫長的旅程之前，艾倫?麥克阿瑟說："我花了很長時間準備我的身體和心靈。"在旅程中，她每次只讓自己睡幾分鐘，因為她必須確保船只沒有發生任何問題。她沒有其他人可以交談，所以這71天一定非常孤獨。她只有一個小爐灶來加熱冷餐。她不得不航行以保持安全。她不時面臨危險的風暴，但她從未想過放棄。艾倫現在在世界各地都很有名。她的故事告訴我們，只要勇敢面對挑戰，永不放棄，就可能取得成功。【解答】（1）考查形容詞最高級。句意：她是獨自環球航行的最勇敢的人。A.勇敢的，形容詞原級；B.更勇敢的，形容詞比較級；C.最勇敢的，形容詞最高級；D.最勇敢的，形容詞最高級。根據句意可知，是最勇敢的人，所以應填形容詞最高級，最高級前也加the。故選C。（2）考查不定式。句意：她用了71天14小時18分35秒完成了這段旅程。A.完成，動詞原形；B.完成，不定式；C.完成，動名詞；D.完成，過去式。takesbsometimetodosth"花費某人一些時間做某事"，固定短語，所以應填不定式tofinish。故選B。（3）考查動名詞。句意：為了縮短旅程，她繼續前進，沒有在陸地上停留。A.前進，動名詞；B.前進，動詞原形；C.前進，過去式；D.前進，不定式。keepdoingsth"繼續做某事"，固定短語，所以此處填動名詞going。故選A。（4）考查動詞。句意：自從我決定做這件事以來，我已經花了很長時間在身體和心理上為它做準備。A.花費，動詞原形；B.花費，第三人稱單數；C.花費，現在完成時；D.花費，過去式。根據sinceIdecidedtodoit（自從我決定做這件事以來）可知，該句為現在完成時，have/has+動詞過去分詞。主語是I，所以助動詞用have，spend的過去分詞是spent。故選C。（5）考查短語。句意：旅途中，她每次只讓自己睡幾分鐘。A.一些，修飾可數名詞復數；B.幾乎沒有，修飾可數名詞復數；C.一點，修飾不可數名詞；D.幾乎沒有，修飾不可數名詞。根據句意可知，是睡幾分鐘，結合空后的可數名詞復數minutes可知，此處應填afew。故選A。（6）考查代詞。句意：那是因為她必須確保船上沒有任何不好的事情發生。A.某事情；B.一切；C.任何事情；D.沒什么。根據句意可知，是確保船上沒有任何不好的事情發生。故選D。（7）考查形容詞。句意：因為她沒有其他人可以說話，這71天一定很孤獨。A.三者或三者以上中的另一個；B.其他的，后跟名詞；C.兩者中的另一個；D.其他的（人或物）。根據空后的people可知，為復數名詞，所以應填形容詞other。故選B。（8）考查冠詞。句意：她有一個小炊具來加熱冷餐。A.特指；B.不定冠詞，用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；C.不定冠詞，用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前；D.零冠詞。根據句意可知，此處表示泛指，且small是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，所以應填不定冠詞a。故選B。（9）考查副詞。句意：她必須小心航行以確保安全。A.小心的，形容詞；B.粗心的；C.小心地，副詞；D.關心，動詞。空格處在句中修飾動詞sail，所以應填副詞。故選C。（10）考查連詞。句意：她的故事告訴我們，除非你勇敢地面對挑戰，永不放棄，否則你可能不會成功。A.在之后；B.當的時候；C.如果；D.除非。根據句意可知，是除非你勇敢地面對挑戰，永不放棄，否則你可能不會成功。故選D。【點評】通讀全文，了解文章大意，聯系上下文，結合語境，選擇合適的單詞填空。三．閱讀理解（共4小題）3．（2023秋?花都區期末）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史記》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？CA.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？Da.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？AA.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？BA.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.【考點】記敘文；杰出人物．【答案】CDAB【分析】本文主要講了漢朝時期，歷史學家司馬遷遭受了嚴重的懲罰，因為他為被敵人擊敗的李陵辯護。盡管受到嚴厲的懲罰，司馬遷仍然堅持完成了他的著作《史記》，這本書成為了中國歷史上最著名的書籍之一。【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據第一段Oneday，thekinggotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.（一天，皇帝得到消息說，將軍李陵已經向敵人投降了。皇帝生李陵的氣。）可知皇帝生氣因為李陵投敵。故選C。（2）細節理解題。根據第一段ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.（但是司馬遷一句話也沒說。）根據第二段Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."（他回答說："敵人有三萬士兵，而李只有五千。他已經艱苦戰斗了十多天。李之所以屈服，是因為他們根本沒有任何食物。我相信他正在等待另一個機會再次戰斗。"）根據第三段Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.（皇帝聽了他的話，更加生氣了。他狠狠地懲罰了司馬遷。司馬遷感到非常屈辱，一度想自殺。）和IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting.（我要先完成我正在寫的歷史書。）可知正確的順序是：b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a。故選D。（3）語義猜測題。根據第三段SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."（司馬遷感到非常屈辱，一度想自殺。但在給朋友的一封信中，他寫道："如果我現在死了，就像九頭牛掉一根頭發一樣。我不想像個無名小卒一樣死去。我要先完成我正在寫的歷史書。"）可知劃線部分要表達的含義為：他不想像個無名小卒一樣死去。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據第三段IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting.（我要先完成我正在寫的歷史書。）和第四段Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史記》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（后來，司馬遷完成了《史記》。它已成為中國有史以來最著名的書之一。）可知司馬遷是個勇敢聰明的人。故選B。【點評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。4．（2023秋?花都區期末）Asawayofpassingonknowledge，ideasandcreativity，bookshaveplayedanimportantpartinhumancivilization（文明）.Inancienttimes，therewerenobooks，andpeoplepassedontheirknowledgebytellingstories.TheearliestformsofthebookweremadeinEgyptaround3，000BC.Theseearlyscrolls（卷軸），madefromanimalskins，wereusedtorecordstories，lawsandhistory.Later，peoplelearnedhowtowriteandmakepaper.Theywroteeachwordbyhand.Ittookalongtimetowritejustonebook，makingthemrareandexpensive.Inthe15thcentury，theinventionoftheprintingpressappearedandchangedthebook﹣makingbusinessandeventheworld.Thismadeitpossibletoprintbooksquickly.Evencommonpeoplecouldbuyandreadbooks.Inthe20thcentury，computersandtheInternetchangedtheworldagain.Anewkindofbookappeared：theelectronicbook（e﹣book）.E﹣bookshaveopenedupanewworldforbooks.Theyarequicklychangingpeople'sreadinghabits.Itiseasierforpeopletobuyandsellbooksonlineandcarrythewholelibraryintheirpockets.Therefore，informationtravelsfasterandfarther.Inaword，thehistoryofthebookshowsthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.Fromancientscrollstoe﹣books，thebookhaschangedtomeettheneedsofhumans.Inthefuture，itispossiblethatbookswillcontinuetochange.Now，peoplehavemanywaystoreadbooks.But，moreimportantly，peopleshouldkeeponreading!（1）Beforebooksappeared，howdidpeoplepassontheirknowledge？CA.Bydancing.B.Bysinging.C.Throughstorytelling.D.Throughscrolls.（2）Whywerebooksexpensiveintheearlydaysofpaperinvention？BA.Becausebooksweremadefromexpensiveanimalskins.B.Becausewritingonebookbyhandneededalotoftime.C.Becausethepaperwasexpensiveatthebeginning.D.Becausepeoplewerebusyinventingtheprintingpress.（3）Whatchangehavee﹣booksbroughttohumansaccordingtothepassage？AA.Peoplecanreadbooksconvenientlyanytimefortheirsmallsizes.B.E﹣bookshavemadeitdifficulttobuyandsellpaperbooksonline.C.People'sreadinghabitshavebecomefasterbutlessenjoyable.D.E﹣bookscannotprovidethesamereadingexperienceaspaperbooks.（4）Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph？DA.Booksshowthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.B.Peoplewillhavemanydifferentwaystoreadbooks.C.Bookswillcontinuetochangetomeettheneedsofhumans.D.Peopleshouldkeepreadingevenifbookskeepchanging.【考點】說明文；文化．【答案】CBAD【分析】本文主要講述了書籍在人類文明中發揮了重要作用，雖然現在人們有很多方式來讀書，但是人們還是應該堅持閱讀。【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據第二段Inancienttimes，therewerenobooks，andpeoplepassedontheirknowledgebytellingstories.（在古代，沒有書，人們通過講故事來傳遞他們的知識。）可知，在古代，沒有書，人們通過講故事來傳遞他們的知識。故選C。（2）細節理解題。根據第二段Ittookalongtimetowritejustonebook，makingthemrareandexpensive.（寫一本書要花很長時間，這使得它們既稀有又昂貴。）可知，是因為手寫一本書需要很多時間。故選B。（3）細節理解題。根據倒數第二段E﹣bookshaveopenedupanewworldforbooks.Theyarequicklychangingpeople'sreadinghabits.Itiseasierforpeopletobuyandsellbooksonlineandcarrythewholelibraryintheirpockets.Therefore，informationtravelsfasterandfarther.（電子書為書籍打開了一個新世界。它們正在迅速改變人們的閱讀習慣。人們更容易在網上買賣書籍，把整個圖書館裝在口袋里。因此，信息傳播得更快更遠。）可知，由于電子書的體積小，人們可以隨時方便地閱讀。故選A。（4）段落大意題。根據最后一段Now，peoplehavemanywaystoreadbooks.But，moreimportantly，peopleshouldkeeponreading!（現在，人們有很多方式來讀書。但是，更重要的是，人們應該堅持閱讀!）可知，作者在最后一段主要想告訴我們：即使書籍不斷變化，人們也應該繼續閱讀。故選D。【點評】答閱讀題時，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脈絡，然后在文章中找到對應的信息，再和選項作對比，得出正確答案。5．（2023秋?黃埔區期末）THEPLANTWORLDTherearemorethan400，000kindsofplantsonEarth.Someplantsareasbigastallbuildings；othersareassmallasrice.Plantsarekeypartsofthefoodcircle.Theyplayanimportantpartinthenaturebecausetheygiveoutoxygen﹣﹣thegasthatallanimalsneedforbreathing.Whatisaplant？Mostpeoplehavenodifficultyfindingthedifferencesbetweenananimalandaplant.Thatisbecauseanimalscanmovearound，butplantscan't.Whatmakesaplantaplant？Likeanimals，plantsarelivingthingsthataremadeupoflotsofcells（細胞）.Unlikeanimals，plantsmaketheirownfoodbyphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Mostplantshaveroots，stems，andleaves，andmostplantsreproducebygrowingflowersandmakingseeds.Allplantsneedenergytostayaliveandgrow，andtheygetitfromsunlightinsteadoffood.Howdoesaplantgrow？Mostanimalsgrowinacertainway，andgenescontroltheirgrowth.Thatistosay，evenwhentheyaresmall，it'seasytoknowwhattheywilllooklikeaftertheygrowup.Plantsaredifferent.Theirgrowthiscontrolledbygenestoo，buttheirfinalshapealsodependsonwheretheylive.Forexample，atreecanbebigandroundifitgrowsupinanopenspace，butmuchtallerandthinnerifitgrowsinthewoodswithothertreesallaround.Plantsareunabletomovefromoneenvironmenttoanother，soitisimportantthattheyareabletogetusedtotheenvironment.（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinparagraph1？DA.Numberofplants.B.Differentsizesofplants.C.Importanceofplants.D.Partsofplants.（2）Whatmethoddoestheauthorusetodescribetheplantsinparagraph2？AA.Bycomparing.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bygivingnumbers.D.Bytellingstories.（3）Whatcanweknowaboutplantsfromthepassage？DA.Flowerandseedarethemostimportantpartsofaplant.B.Plantsandanimalsgrowinthesameway.C.Onlyenvironmentcontrolstheplants'growth.D.It'simportantfortheplantstogetusedtotheenvironment.（4）Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthepassage？CA.Inanadvertisement.B.Inastorybook.C.Inanencyclopaedia.D.Inaposter.【考點】說明文；動物/植物．【答案】DADC【分析】本文主要介紹了植物世界的特點和生長方式。地球上有超過40萬種植物，有些植物高大如建筑物，有些小如米粒。植物是食物鏈中的關鍵部分，通過光合作用釋放氧氣，對自然界起著重要作用。植物是由許多細胞組成的生物，通過光合作用自己制造食物。它們的生長受基因控制，但最終形態也受生長環境影響。植物無法移動到不同的環境，因此適應環境對它們非常重要。【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據第一段Therearemorethan400，000kindsofplantsonEarth.Someplantsareasbigastallbuildings；othersareassmallasrice.Plantsarekeypartsofthefoodcircle.Theyplayanimportantpartinthenaturebecausetheygiveoutoxygen﹣﹣thegasthatallanimalsneedforbreathing.（地球上有40多萬種植物。有些植物和高樓一樣大；其他的像米一樣小。植物是食物鏈的關鍵部分。它們在自然界中扮演著重要的角色，因為它們釋放出氧氣——所有動物呼吸所需的氣體。）可知，第一段提到的了植物的數量，大小不同的植物，以及植物的重要性，沒有提到植物的一部分。故選D。（2）細節理解題。根據第二段Mostpeoplehavenodifficultyfindingthedifferencesbetweenananimalandaplant.Thatisbecauseanimalscanmovearound，butplantscan't.Whatmakesaplantap