PAGE1-Module3AdventureinLiteratureandtheCinema復習動詞形式語境自主領悟先視察原句后自主感悟1.Idon'twanttoboardasinkingship.2.Whenheheardthat，thefrightenedmanonthefloorstartedcrying.3.ButIpersuadedhimtohelpme，andwefoundthemen'sboattiedtotheothersideofthesteamboat.4.Westayedinsidetheshelterwehadbuiltandlettheraftsaildowntheriver.5.Weclimbedquietlyinandaswepaddledawayweheardthetwomenshouting.6.ButalthoughIwasfrightened，Ialsofeltverycurious，soIputmyheadroundthedoor.1.句1用動詞不定式作賓語。2.句2用過去分詞作前置定語，動詞-ing形式作賓語。3.句3和句4都用了動詞不定式作賓補，但句4的不定式省略了to。4.句5用了動詞-ing形式作賓補。5.句6用了過去分詞作表語，另一個黑體詞felt為系動詞，兩個黑體詞都構成了系表結構。Ⅰ.非謂語動詞一、動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作賓語1．常跟不定式作賓語的動詞有：afford，hope，wish，decide，offer，plan，learn，pretend，refuse，manage，help，agree，promise，prefer等。ShepretendednottoseemewhenIcamein.當我進來時，她假裝沒有望見我。2．常跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的有admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，excuse，imagine，mind，risk，suggest，beusedto，giveup，feellike，lookforwardto，getdownto等。Thedoctorsuggestedhimgivingupsmoking.醫生建議他戒煙。[名師點津]不定式或動詞-ing形式作某些動詞的賓語時，假如其后跟賓語補足語，這時常用it作形式賓語，而把不定式或動詞-ing形式后置。Theteacherfounditdifficulttobanstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones.老師發覺禁止學生帶手機很難。Hefeelsitnousetellingheraboutit.他覺得告知她這件事是徒勞無益的。3．有些動詞(短語)后既可接不定式作賓語，也可接動詞-ing形式作賓語，但在意義上有很大差異。eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth.遺忘去做某事未做,forgetdoingsth.遺忘做過某事已做))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth.記得去做某事未做,rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事已做))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.盡力去做某事,trydoingsth.試著做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(regrettodosth.對即將做的事感到缺憾未做,regretdoingsth.對做過的事感到懊悔已做))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事,此處不定式作目的狀語,stopdoingsth.停止做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth.準備做某事,meandoingsth.意味著做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(goontodosth.接著做另一件事,goondoingsth.接著做同一件事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(can'thelptodosth.不能幫助做某事,can'thelpdoingsth.不由自主做某事))Whatapoormemory！Iforgotborrowingmoneyfromhimyesterday.ButtodayIforgottoreturnthemoneytohim.多么差的記憶力！昨天我忘了向他借過錢，但今日我又忘了把錢還給他?！猅hatwouldmeanwastingalotoflabor.那將意味著奢侈許多勞動力。—Really?Idon'tmeantowasteanylabor.真的嗎？我不準備奢侈勞動力。[即時訓練1]用所給詞的適當形式填空①Alicesuggestedtaking(take)aphototogetherwiththebeautifulflowers.②Goontodo(do)theotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone.③Thegrasshasgrownsotallthatitneedscutting/tobecut(cut)．④Ienjoydoing(do)morningexercises，thoughitmeansgetting(get)upearly.⑤Hecouldn'taffordtobuy(buy)ahousesohedecidedtorent(rent)one.二、動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作賓補1．常跟不定式作賓補的動詞有：advise，allow，ask，cause，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，permit，persuade，tell，want，warn，wish等。Theteacherencouragedustowriteacompositioneveryweek.老師激勵我們每周寫一篇作文。2．感官動詞和使役動詞后面作賓補的不定式不帶to，但變為被動語態，作主補的不定式需帶to。常見的詞有：一感覺：feel；二聽：listento，hear；三使：let，have，make；五看：lookat；see，watch，notice，observe等。另外，help后作賓補的不定式符號to可有可無。Whatmadeyouchangeyourmind?什么使你變更了辦法？Weoftenhearhimplaytheviolinathome.＝Heisoftenheardtoplaytheviolinathome.我們常常聽到他在家里拉小提琴。3．后接v.-ing形式作賓語補足語的動詞：感官動詞(see，hear，watch，notice，listento，lookat)，find，get，keep，leave，catch，have等。Theysawthewaterrunningdownfromthehighmountain.他們看到水從高山上流下來。Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.他們整夜亮著燈。[名師點津]感官動詞后接不定式和v.-ing形式作賓補的區分：用v.-ing形式作賓補時表示其動作正在進行；用不定式作賓補時表示動作已發生了，即動作全過程結束了。IheardhersinganEnglishsong.剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天經過她房間時，我聽見她正在唱英文歌。[即時訓練2]用所給詞的適當形式填空①I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting(wait)forsuchalongtime.②Ifinallypersuadedmymothertogive(give)memorefreedomonweekends.③Don'tforgettohaveHenrycome(come)tonight，becausethemeetingisextremelyimportant.④Iheldthelittlebirdinmyhandandfeltitsheartbeating(beat)．⑤Theoldmanwasoftenseentostand(stand)atthedoorofhishouse.三、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作定語、表語1．v.-ing形式作定語時與它修飾的名詞之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，表示動作的主動和進行；而v.-ed形式作定語時與它修飾的名詞之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，表示動作的被動和完成。Doyouknowthegirldancingwithyourbrother?你相識正和你哥哥跳舞的那個女孩子嗎？Heisateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.他是一位受他的學生敬重的老師。2．v.-ing形式作表語表示主語的性質。常被譯為“令人……的”；而v.-ed形式作表語表示主語所處的狀態或主語的感受。常被譯為“感到……的”。Theboywasdisappointing.Hisparentsfeltdisappointed.這個孩子令人悲觀，他的父母感到很悲觀。[即時訓練3]用所給詞的適當形式填空①Haveyoueverreadanybookswritten(write)bythefamouswomanwriter?②Theboywasdisappointing(disappoint)．Heisalwaysmakingtroubleinclass.③Weshouldthinkofawaytomakehimbecomeinterested(interest)inourplan.④Thestonebridge，built(build)fiftyyearsago，isstillingoodconditionnow.⑤Whentheysawthemoving(move)film，excited(excite)tearscameouttheireyes.Ⅱ.系動詞系動詞亦稱連系動詞(LinkVerb)，本身有詞義，但不能獨立作謂語，必需和表語一起構成復合謂語。系動詞主要分為以下六類：1．狀態系動詞：用來表示主語的狀態，也叫be動詞。IamastudentofGrade3.我是一名三年級的學生。2．持續系動詞：用來表示主語接著或保持一種狀況或看法，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand等。Healwayskeptsilentatmeetings.他開會時總保持緘默。3．表象系動詞：用來表示“看起來”這一概念，主要有seem，appear，look等。Helookstired.他看起來很累。4．感官系動詞：感官系動詞主要有feel，smell，sound，taste等。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.這種布手感很軟。5．變更系動詞：這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，主要有become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run等。Theweatherhasturnedcoldandwindy.天氣變得寒冷多風。6．終止系動詞：表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove，turnout等，表示“證明，證明”之意。Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.他的安排被證明是符合實際的。[名師點津]系動詞(be除外)一般都須要跟形容詞而非副詞作表語；系動詞一般沒有被動語態。[即時訓練4]完成句子①當他發覺一些事情出錯時，他看起來很擔憂。Whenhefoundsomethingwentwrong，helookedveryworried.②那個水果很不好吃，但是那個饑餓的孩子看起來似乎吃得興致勃勃。Thefruittastedterrible，butthehungryboyseemed/appearedasifhewasenjoyingit.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Oncehismessagewasdelivered，heallowedmetostay(stay)andwatch.2.ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.3．Iregrettedtotell(tell)himthathehadbeenlaidoff.Tomysurprise，hesaidtome，“Iamnotsad.Ionlyregrettaking(take)upthewrongjob.”4．Yourhairissolongthatitneedscutting/tobecut(cut)．5．Theywon'tallowusing(use)mobilephonesinclass.6．Hethinksitnousearguing(argue)withTom，becausehewillneverchangehismind.7．Ihuggedtheshylittleboyandfelthisheartbeating(beat)．8．Whydoyouhavethewaterrunning(run)allthetime?9．Isthereanythingyouwantfromtown?I'mgoingtogetmysontodrive(drive)methere.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1．Thefrighteningchildrenwerecallingfortheirmothers.frightening→frightened2．Marycouldn'tspeakChinese，butI