ReadingandThinkingUnit4BodyLanguageLISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Para.1定語(yǔ)從句way表示“方式、方法”，在句中作先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞可用that，也可用inwhich，或什么都不用。way作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句1e.g.Idon’tlikethewaythathelaughedatme.=Idon’tliketheway

inwhichhelaughedatme.=Idon’tlikethewayhelaughedatme.way作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句way作先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞用that/which（做動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)可省略）。2e.g.Hehasgivenyouthewaythat/whichisbesttosolvetheproblem.1.Iadmiretheway_______________hemanagestoseebothsidesofthequestion.2.Suddenly,Irememberedtheway___________Ihadadoptedtocopewiththequestion.3.Somepoemsdescribesomethinginaway__________willgivethereaderastrongimpression.(that/inwhich)(that/which)that/whichJustlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguage

variesfrom

cultureto

culture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone’seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Para.2動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句省略that/which解釋說(shuō)明動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)部分否定：并不總是被認(rèn)可省略了“主語(yǔ)+be”varyfromAtoB因...而異同意，贊成

考點(diǎn)提煉:部分否定部分否定:當(dāng)含有全體意義的代詞或副詞如all,each,every(及其派生詞),both,always,often,entirely,wholly等和否定詞not連用的時(shí)候,構(gòu)成部分否定,意為“并非都…，并非總是……”。Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway.Allthepeopledidn’tarriveonschedule.=Notallthepeoplearrivedonschedule.并非所有的人都按時(shí)到達(dá)。Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.(1)但是并非所有的城市都在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)展緩慢。But

citiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.

(2)并非所有的人都能過(guò)上幸福的生活。

___canleadahappylife.

notallNotallthepeopleLISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKThegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemploying

thegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,aperson

encounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Para.3定語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾aperson把...解釋為...LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKEventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingone’sheadmeans“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”.Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.Para.4省略that或which的定語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)與…相比較省略了who/whom的定從三個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，做介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKIncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavour

shakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Para.4三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)做favour的賓語(yǔ)LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKSomegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”.Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Para.5表示一個(gè)完整的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)…的方式動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)后接todo，或ofdoingThere’sakindofbodylanguagewhichhasthesamemeaningaroundtheworld.Whatisit?

SmileWhatarethebenefitsofasmile?smilegetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsbreakdownbarriersmakeyourselffeelhappierandstrongernotfeelingdownorlonelyapologiseaskforhelp

greetsomeone

startaconversationPara6LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKSomebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.Para.6度過(guò)難關(guān)沒(méi)有比…更好的了Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.否定詞+比較級(jí)：表示最高級(jí)含義基本結(jié)構(gòu)：

否定詞+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)（+than）常用的否定詞：no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等一般理解為：再?zèng)]有比.....更.....的了；再.....不過(guò)了Ihaveneverseenamoreenergeticman.Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.Nothingismorepreciousthanhealth.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreak

downbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.Findoutvarioussentencestructuresusedtoshowusesofsmiling.Canyouthinkofsomeotherusesofsmiling?Canyouthinkofsomeotherusesofsmiling?releasestress釋放壓力easethetensioninpersonalrelationship緩解人際關(guān)系的緊張keepourselveshealthyinbothbodyandmin