讀后續寫微講座七：關注銜接Ⅰ外刊輸入——悟語言之道AllOvertheWorldThevastAmazonRainforest,theItaliancityofVeniceandaMediterraneandietoffreshfruitandvegetables...Whatdothesethreethingshaveinmon?Theyareallitemsofworldheritage.Worldheritagemeanstheinvaluablethingsweinheritfromthepast.Itisarichtapestry(織錦)ofmemories,bothnaturalandman-made.Likeatimemachine,heritagenotonlytakesusbacktoourancestorsandevenearlier,butalsoenablesustowonderatthenaturalworld,traditionsandhumancivilisation.Thisyearmarksthe45thanniversaryofthefirstWorldHeritageListmadebytheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO),andtheadoptionoftheWorldHeritageConvention(WHC)．ThegoaloftheWHCistoencouragetheglobalmunity(社區)ofnationstoidentifyandprotectnaturalandculturalsitesof“outstandinguniversalvalue”.ChinatookpartintheWHCinDecember1985.Bythisyear,55culturalandnaturalpropertiesinChinahadbeenaddedtotheUNESCOlisttopreventthemfromdamage.Andrelatedmitteewasestablishedtofurtheritsefforts.UNESCOseparatesheritageitemsintothreecategories(類別):natural,culturalandintangible(非物質的)．Naturalheritageusuallymeansnaturallyoccurringwondersoftheworld,liketheGreatBarrierReefinAustraliaortheAmazoninBrazil.Theseplacesrecordtheongoingdevelopmentprocessofthenaturalworldandareimportanthabitatsformanycreatures.Culturalheritagereferstoman-madeexamplesofnational,ethnicorculturalheritage.PlaceslikeMoscow'sRedSquarecanstandforaparticularmomentinthecivilisationofhumankind.KnownasoneofthehistoricancientbuildingsinChina,seeingtheTempleofHeavenhaslongbeenamustwhentravellinginBeijing.Theyarevaluableculturalresourcestellingasmuchastoryofthepastasahistorybook.Intangibleheritageoftenincludesculturalpracticesthatareimportanttoexplainthehistoryoftheworld.Chinesecalligraphy,forexample,canrevealmanythingsaboutcivilisation,justasthecityofVenicecan.Forthisreason,intangibleheritageisprotectedasmuchasphysical(culturalandnatural)heritageis.Whateverformittakes，itisworthwhiletocareandpreserveeveryworldheritageitem.Greatcontributionshavebeenmadeaccordinglysofar.Andmoreareonthewaytopromotethiscause.Therefore,thissummer,joinusonajourneyasweexploresomeofourworldheritage.Getreadytobeamazed！1.重點詞匯再現(1)heritagen． 遺產(2)traditionn. 傳統(3)UNESCO 聯合國教科文組織(4)identifyv. 找到(5)takepartin 參加(6)preventv. 阻止(7)mitteen. 委員會(8)establishv. 創立(9)furtherv. 促進(10)processn. 過程(11)Moscow 莫斯科(12)historicadj. 歷史上著名的(13)templen. 寺廟(14)worthwhileadj. 值得的(15)preservev. 保護(16)contributionn. 貢獻(17)promotev. 提升2．重點句型再現：“notonly...butalso...”意為“不但……而且……”Likeatimemachine,heritagenotonlytakesusbacktoourancestorsandevenearlier,butalsoenablesustowonderatthenaturalworld,traditionsandhumancivilisation.歷史遺產就像一臺時光機，不僅讓我們回到我們祖先所在的時代甚至更早，而且使我們能夠對自然世界、傳統和人類文明產生好奇。Ⅱ迷你語料庫(MiniCorpus)序號佳句呈現賞析1Thereesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew①，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpast②aswemovetowardsthefuture③.描寫在發展過程中，新舊交替出現的問題。①when引導定語從句，修飾先行詞atime；類似的句型還有therewasatimewhen，表示“曾經有一段……的時光”；②it此處充當形式主語，真正的主語是topreserveeverythingfromourpast；③as引導時間狀語從句。2Findingandkeepingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.本句用來描述兩者之間保持平衡的困難，可以適當仿寫。其中Findingandkeeping為動詞-ing短語作主語，使句子的描寫更有動態感。3Bigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.描寫挑戰與機遇并存。4Inthe1950s,theEgyptiangovernmentwantedtobuildanewdamacrosstheNileinordertocontrolfloods,produceelectricity,andsupplywatertomorefarmersinthearea.句中inordertodosth.作目的狀語，相當于soastodosth.。此處有三個并列的todo不定式：tocontrol、toproduce和tosupply。續表序號佳句呈現賞析5Buttheproposalledtoprotests.描寫提議遭到反對。leadto意為“導致”；兩個高級詞匯構成亮點：proposal意為“提議”和protest意為“抗議”。6Thegroupaskedforcontributionsfromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalmunity.描寫求助的兩個方面：askforcontributions(請求幫助)和raisefunds(籌集資金)。后面分別用兩個不同的介詞短語表示求助的不同途徑：fromdifferentdepartments(從不同的部門)和withintheinternationalmunity(在國際社會范圍內)。7Expertsinvestigatedtheissue,conductedseveraltests,andthenmadeaproposalforhowthebuildingscouldbesaved.描寫尋求解決問題的具體過程。特別注意動詞的聯動用法：investigatedtheissue(調查研究),conductedseveraltests(實施/做實驗)andthenmadeaproposal(提出建議)．..既可以精確地描繪出具體的過程，也可以形象地說明為了快速解決問題，大家行動的迅速性。8Theprojectbroughttogethergovernmentsandenvironmentalistsfromaroundtheworld.描寫合作和團結的場景。特別注意bringtogether，意為“團結”。9Overthenext20years,thousandsofengineersandworkersrescued22templesandcountlessculturalrelics.描寫拯救文化遺跡的成就。特別注意形容詞countless，意為“無數的”。10Whentheprojectendedin1980,itwasconsideredagreatsuccess.概括描述最終的成功。詞組beconsidered(as)意為“被看作；被視作”；agreatsuccess是抽象名詞具體化，表示“一件成功的事”。11Notonly①hadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast②，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogether③tobuildabettertomorrow.屬于概括總結性描述，適合描寫合作共贏；發展與保護文化遺跡并進。①“notonly...butalso...”意為“不但……而且……”；當notonly置于句首時，notonly分句需要用部分倒裝；②that引導定語從句修飾先行詞apath；③itwaspossibleforsb.todosth.意為“某人有可能做某事”，其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是todo不定式。12ThespiritoftheAswanDamprojectisstillalivetoday.概括描述“精神長存”。13Ifaproblemseemstoodifficultforasinglenation,theglobalmunitycansometimesprovideasolution.描寫合作能夠找到解決問題的方法。14AgroupofresearchersandscientistsfromChinaandothercountriesareworkingtogethertohelpincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofChina'sancientculturalheritage.句中“tohelpincrease...culturalheritage”表示“旨在加強人們對中國古代文化遺產方面的認識和鑒賞力”。15TheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,whichwereakeystopalongtheSilkRoadthroughoutChina'sancienthistory.本句用以描寫絲綢之路的情況。which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞MogaoCaves。續表序號佳句呈現賞析16TheMogaoCaveshavelongbeenameetingpointfordifferentculturesandarepartofthehistoryofmanycountries.本句用以描寫莫高窟或絲綢之路的情況。17BysharingsomanydigitalphotosovertheInternet①，thegrouphopestopromoteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina'sancienthistory,culture,andtraditions②.本句描寫通過努力，促進人們對中國傳統文化的興趣。①“bydoingsth.”作方式狀語；②表示“促進人們對中國古代歷史、文化和習俗產生更廣泛的興趣”。特別注意高級詞匯promote，屬于亮點表達。18Theyalsohopetofurthereducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalrelicsforfuturegenerationstounderstandandappreciate.本句描寫保護傳統及歷史遺跡。19Appreciatingone'sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.本句從本國歷史角度，描寫尊重和欣賞歷史的重要性。Appreciatingone'sownculturalheritage為動詞-ing短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數形式。20Appreciatingtheculturalheritageofothercountriesisveryimportantforinternationalmunicationandunderstanding.本句從世界歷史角度，描寫尊重和欣賞歷史的重要性。和句19連用，構成遞進關系。Appreciatingtheculturalheritageofothercountries為動詞-ing短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數形式。Ⅲ讀后續寫入門篇：關注銜接一篇好的文章不僅需要豐富的內容、巧妙的構思和規范的表達，還需要能夠把這些內容聯系起來的語篇銜接手段。銜接包括兩個方面：字句連貫性(Coherence)和語意連貫性(Cohesion)。1．字句連貫性是指順暢、合理地把文章里的單詞、短語和句子連貫起來的技巧。首先要確保每個段落只會表達一個信息或思想；然后將多個段落有序地排列起來。在續寫中，尤其是在續寫的兩個段落之間，每段結構緊湊，內容有序；兩個段落和原文一起構成邏輯性排列。2．語意連貫性是指句子之間前后連貫、互相呼應的程度。語意連貫性越強，越容易展示文本內容及想要傳遞的信息。最佳的選擇就是善用連接詞，連接句子并引出下文信息。讀后續寫需要關注的銜接有四個方面：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(續寫內容和原文的銜接；,續寫第一段和段首句的銜接；,續寫第一段段末和第二段段首句的銜接；,續寫第二段和段首句的銜接))【典題精析】閱讀下面的材料，完成以下任務。Mostyoungkidsareveryself-centredmostofthetime.It'sliketheirbrainmetresarestuckon“selfish”.Thiscertainlydescribedme,untilImetmydeargrandmother.MyfatherhadbeenborninJapan,andhehadmanyoldphotographsofthepalatial(宮殿般的)estatethathadbelongedtohisfamilythroughmanygenerations.Hetoldmestoriesofgorgeousroomsfullofgoldenfurnitureandsilkwallpapers.Healsodescribedmagnificentgardens,fullofthesweetscentsofexoticflowersandthegentlethinstreamofgracefulfountains.Fromallthese,Ifiguredmygrandmothermustberich.IhadnevermetherbeforeshecamefromJapan,butateight,IreasonedthatifIwerenicetoher,shewouldtakemebacktoJapantoliveinluxury.Itwasagoodplan,Ithought,andIvowedtospendtimewithmygrandmothersoshewouldgrowtolovemeandwantmetoacpanyheruponherreturn.Wewenttopickherupattheairport.“Theresheis！”myfathercalled.Iexpectedtoseesomeroyalkimono-clad(穿著和服的)creaturelikeI'dseeninpictures.Instead,Isawatinywomanwithsilverhair,wearinganordinarybluesuit.Shedidnotlookwealthytome.Still,Ivowedtobeattentive,tomakemyselfindispensabletoherduringherstay.Togetclosertoher,IflatteredherintotellingmestoriesaboutoldJapan.Sheenjoyedmakingneedlecraftwithdelicatedesigns,andassheworked,shewovetalesofJapaneselegendsandhistoryasdelicateandbeautifulasthedesignsshecreated.Ilistened,fascinated.Herwordswereamixofthetwolanguages,soIdidn'tpletelyunderstandeverythingatfirst.Interestingly,however,asherEnglishimproved,sodidmyunderstandingofJapanese.注意：續寫詞數應為150左右。Noonespokeofhergoingback,andIwaslikeanantonahotpot.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mydreamsofaluxuriouslifehadbeenbroken.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1．通讀全文，本文文體為：Narration記敘文Argument議論文Exposition說明文2．一審——審要素時態一般過去時六要素WhenuntilI__met__my__dear__grandmother;__ateightWheremyhomeoutsideJapanWhoI,myfather;mygrandmotherWhatMyfathertoldmestoriesofgorgeousroomsanddescribedmagnificentgardens.Ifiguredmy__grandmother__must__be__rich．Ivowedto__spend__timewithmygrandmothersoshewouldgrow__to__love__meandwantmeto__acpany__her__upon__her__return．Togetclosertoher,IflatteredherintotellingmestoriesaboutoldJapan.Interestingly,however,asherEnglishimproved,so__did__my__understanding__of__Japanese.Why第一段段首句：Noonespokeofhergoingback,andIwaslikeanantonahotpot.Whydidn't__my__grandmother__return__to__Japan？How第二段段首句：Mydreamsofaluxuriouslifehadbeenbroken.Howdid__I__learn__the__lesson？3.二定——定主題主題：Ilearnedthetruemeaningofwealth—notthegorgeousroomsormagnificentgardensbuttheloveamongfamilymembersandtheunderstandingofone'srootculture.4．三推測——關注銜接，尤其是段首句定基調(1)續寫內容和原文的銜接根據原文段首：Mostyoungkidsareveryself-centredmostofthetime.It'sliketheirbrainmetresarestuckon“selfish”.Thiscertainlydescribedme,untilImetmydeargrandmother.可知“我”是self-centred,selfish(形容詞),但是祖母的到來改變了“我”。所以續寫的內容應該集中于“我”改變的過程。(2)續寫第一段和段首句的銜接首先標出第一段段首句的關鍵詞。Noonespokeofhergoingback,andIwaslikean__ant__on__a__hot__pot．anantonahotpot意為“熱鍋上的螞蟻”。根據此處可知，“我”非常迫切想去日本過奢侈的生活。因此，“我”會主動問祖母的歸期，并得到祖母的回應。(3)續寫第一段段末和第二段段首句的銜接首先標出第二段段首句的關鍵詞。Mydreamsofaluxuriouslifehadbeenbroken．根據此句可知，“我”的夢想破滅了。由此可知，第一段的段末將會提及夢想破滅的原因。結合預測的第一段的內容可知，應該是祖母的回應使“我”的夢想破滅，此處就是第一段段末和第二段段首句的銜接之處。(4)續寫第二段和段首句的銜接根據第二段段首句可知，“我”的夢想破滅之后，作為一個小孩，“我”的反應是感到失望和痛苦，甚至用行為表現出來。但是結合文章中心，“我”的態度應該發生了積極的改變?！拔摇钡膬r值觀也從關注wealth轉變為關注love。名校模擬演練：1，（2022·全國·高三專題練習）閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Gettingtowatchsurgeryshouldbeexcitingforanymedicalstudent.Butinmycase,whiletwodoctorsweredoingtheoperation,Iwascheckingmyphoneevery20secondstoseehowmuchlongeritwouldbeuntilIcouldleave.Ididn’tbelongthere;Iwasonlypretendingtobethere.Thetruthwasthat,halfwaythroughuniversity,IknewIdidn’twanttobeadoctor.AndIhadtodecidewhethertokeeplyingtomyself,orchangemymajor.Beforeuniversity,IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylife.PdalwayswantedtostudyEnglishbutmyparentsdidn’tapprove,sayingtherewasnomoneyinit.SoIfiguredI’djustpickacareerthatlookedwellpaid,satisfying,andwouldmakemyparentsproud.“Doctor”isthefirstchoice,soIdecidedtostudymedicine.Iknewallthecourseworkwouldn’tbeeasy,butIdidn’texpecttofinditashardasIdid.Ispentmanylatenightsandweekendsstudying,butstilldidn’tgetgoodgrades.Ijustcouldn’tkeepthematerialinmind.Byexamtime,mygradeswereterribleandIfeltlikeafool.Ithoughtmaybeamedicalinternship(實習醫生的工作)wouldhelpraisemyspirits.Absurdly,myinternshipwaswhereIrealizedhowlittleIwantedtobeadoctor.EverydayI’djustgointoworkanddoexactlywhatIwastold,gowhereIwastoldtogo,andwatchwhatIwastoldtowatch.AndthenI’dgohome.ItwasfunwheneverIgottoplaywithexpensivemicroscopesorwatchcrazysurgery,buttherestofthetimeIstruggledtogetthroughtheday.Theotherinterns,however,practicallyworkedsohard.Theyweresodriven.Ithought,“Wow,theseinternsreallywanttobedoctors.Iobviouslydon’t.“Itwasasadrealizationthatsadder,scarierquestion:IfIdidn’twanttobeadoctor,whatdidIwanttodo?注意：續寫詞數應為150左右;請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Itwasn’taneasydecision._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Eventually,IchangedmymajortoEnglishwritingandsuddenlyIfounduniversityenjoyable._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2,（2022·湖南師大附中高二期中）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Thebusranalongthewindingmountainroad.Tryingnottolookattheroad,Istaredoutthelargewindowatthetropicalgreenery(綠色植物)thatcoveredthemountain.Nexttome,mymotherwasasabsorbedbytheviewasIwas.ShehadwonthetriptoCostaRicaasanawardforherhighperformanceatherjob.Shehaddecidedtotakemewithhersothatwecouldhavesome“girltime”togetherinanewplace,andIcouldn’tbehappiertobeinsuchabeautifulplace.Ourbuscametoasmallparkinglotsurroundedbyforest.Ourguidehadtoldthetourgroupthatitwasacloudforestwewerevisiting.Peoplestartedtorisefromtheirseatsandmovedtowardthedoor.MymomandIpickedupourbagsandstarteddownthenarrowpassage,excitedtofinallygettogoonahikeafterthehourlongbusride.Whentheentiregrouphadgatheredoutside,theguidesmiledatus.“Thisisanactivevolcanowearestandingontopofnow,”hesaid.“Youhavetheopportunitytoexplorewithoutaguide.Therearetwopathsyoucanfollowwhenwegetintothewoods:thefirstisashorterloop(環線)andwilltakeyoubackhereinfortyminutesorso;thesecondwilltakeyoualongerway,andyoushouldbebackhereinanhourandtwentyminutes.Thelongerloopisverysteep,butcertainlydoable.Allofyoushouldbebackhereintwohours,whichshouldgiveyouplentyoftimetoadmirethebeautifulwildlifeofCostaRica!Goaheadandgetstarted!”Momlookedatmeuncertainly.“Iassumeyouwouldliketodothelongerloop,”shesaidafteramoment.Inodded.Weonlyhadfivedayshere,andIwantedtoseeasmuchasIcouldduringthattime.Momfinallyagreed.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Wesetoutonthetrailthatledfurtherintothedarkcloudforest.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Graduallybothofusrealizedtheroadgotsteeperandsteeper.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1,Onepossibleversion:Itwasn’taneasydecision.Ihadtwochoices—eitherkeeplyingtomyselfordoadifferentdegree.Changingmymajorwouldmakethepasttwoyearsofuniversityawasteoftimeandmoney.ButIrealizedthatthoughI’dhatemyselfforquitting,I’dhatemyselfmoreifIendedupbeingaterribledoctor.Iwasgladtomoveontosomethingnew,butIhadtodealwithmyparents’constantdisappointmentandplainingaboutmyfuture.Eventually,IchangedmymajortoEnglishwritingandsuddenlyIfounduniversityenjoyable.Iwasstillstudyinglateandthroughtheweekend,but,thistime,enjoyingthepain.I’dspendhoursperfectingasingleparagraphuntilIwassatisfiedwithit.Fivehoursfeltlike20secondsbecauseIwashavingsomuchfunburyingmyselfinwritinguntilgoodwordscameout.Istartedlookingforinternshipsthatwouldgivemeexperienceinprofessionalwriting.Fortunately,Imadeitasaneditorialassistantatanewspaper.【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者從一開始的學醫學專業而感到沒有興趣，然后做出換專業的選擇，并且在之后的新專業努力學習并投入很大的熱情和興趣，最終實現人生蛻變的故事。【詳解】1.段落續寫：①由第一段首句內容“這不是一個容易的決定?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者面臨著兩難選擇的痛苦。②由第二段首句內容“最終，我把我的專業換成了英語寫作，突然間我發現大學生活很愉快?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者終于找到了自己喜歡的專業，并且很享受其中的努力過程。2.續寫線索：這不是一個容易的決定——兩難選擇的權衡——最后的決定——換專業后的心態——努力地學習新的專業——獲得成功3.詞匯激活行為類①尋找：lookfor/searchfor/seek②.意識到：realize/beawareof③.處理：dealwith/solve/workout情緒類①.高興的：glad/happy/joyful②.失望：disappointment/des