2024版《5年中考3年模擬》中考英語 第一部分基礎知識運用 專題一名詞曲一線目錄_______________________________________________________________________________________________5年中考 1考點1名詞詞義辨析 1考點2名詞的數和所有格 4考點3名詞的構詞法 53年模擬 7A組基礎練 7B組提升練 125年中考考點1名詞詞義辨析Ⅰ.單項選擇1.(2023安徽)Theproperofyoursparetimewillmakeyourlifecolorful.

A.dateB.useC.nameD.cause答案Bdate日期;use使用;name名字;cause原因。此處表示“對空閑時間的合理的……”,由語境可知,use符合題意,故選B。2.(2023天津)Peopleallovertheworldlovepandas,andthepandahasbecomeaofChina.

A.festivalB.poemC.guestD.symbol答案Dfestival節日;poem詩歌;guest客人;symbol象征,符號。這里表示“熊貓已經成為中國的一個象征”。故選D。3.(2023甘肅)Putfirstandbecarefulwhileridingontheroad!

A.interestB.moneyC.knowledgeD.safety答案Dinterest興趣,愛好;money錢;knowledge知識;safety安全。根據空后的“becarefulwhileridingontheroad”可知,此處是提醒騎自行車時要將安全放在首位,故選D。4.(2023江西)—Kevin,couldyoupassmesome?It'ssohottoday.I'mreallythirsty.

—OK.Hereyouare.A.riceB.breadC.waterD.chicken答案Crice米飯;bread面包;water水;chicken雞肉。由“I'mreallythirsty.”可知,此處指給“我”遞一些水。故選C。5.(2023湖北武漢)—Peterwaspickedouttobeontheschoolvolleyballteam.—Hisheightgiveshimabig.

A.situationB.challengeC.achievementD.advantage答案D根據語境可知,Peter被選入了學校排球隊是因為他的身高給了他很大優勢。advantage意為“優勢”。故選D。6.(2023福建)—Howisthetoday?

—It'shot.Youdon'tneedtowearthecoat.A.weatherB.trafficC.price答案A根據答語“It'shot.Youdon'tneedtowearthecoat.”可知,詢問的是天氣情況,故選A。7.(2023廣西)MymotherisainZhongshanHospital.Shehassavedmanypeople'slives.

A.singerB.doctorC.writer答案B由下文的inZhongshanHospital及“Shehassavedmanypeople'slives.”可知,“我”的媽媽是一名醫生。故選B。8.(2022安徽)—Idomorningexerciseseveryday.Itworksmywholebody.—It'sagoodhabit.Ithelpsyoukeepingood.

A.timeB.touchC.healthD.silence答案C根據domorningexerciseseveryday可知,每天早上鍛煉身體有助于保持健康。故選C。9.(2022福建)—Betty,you'dbetterfollowthedoctor'sanddomoreexercise.

—Iwill.Thankyou.A.adviceB.agreementC.information答案Aadvice建議,agreement同意,information信息。由語境可知,此處指采納醫生的建議多鍛煉,故選A。10.(2022湖北武漢)—WhydoyoupracticeTaiChieveryday?—BecausethisChineseformofexercisehelpsmerelaxandfindmyinner(內心的).

A.voiceB.qualityC.beautyD.peace答案Dvoice聲音;quality質量;beauty美麗;peace平靜。由空前的relax可推斷,此處表示練太極拳能幫助人們放松,找到內心的平靜。故選D。11.(2022江西)Whichicecreamdoyouwant,Mary?Youcan'thaveallofthem.Youhavetomakea.

A.wishB.surveyC.choiceD.call答案C由“Youcan'thaveallofthem.”可知,你必須做出選擇。makeachoice為固定短語,意為“做出選擇”。故選C。12.(2022新疆)—Ifindtherearemoreandmoreoverweightchildreninourschool.—Exactly,soweshouldhavegoodeating.

A.tasksB.choicesC.gradesD.habits答案D前文說我們學校里超重的(overweight)孩子越來越多了,故可推斷此處說我們要有好的飲食習慣,故選D。Ⅱ.單句填空1.(2023江蘇揚州)Sincehehadnomusical(樂器),hemademusicwithcommonobjects.

答案instrument(s)“樂器”的英文為instrument,為可數名詞;空前有no,此空用單數或復數形式均可,故填instrument(s)。2.(2023浙江寧波)IfMikeworkshard,his(夢想)ofbeingascientistwillcometrue.

答案dream根據漢語提示,結合句中的ofbeingascientist可知,這里說的是一個夢想,用名詞的單數形式,故填dream。3.(2023浙江杭州)ThetrainjfromHangzhoutoShanghaitakesabout40minutes.

答案journey由下文fromHangzhoutoShanghai和takesabout40minutes可知,此處指火車的行程。journey“行程”,符合語境,且由謂語takes可知,此處用單數形式。故填journey。4.(2022浙江杭州)JimwillbeonsummervacationinJuneandJ.

答案Julyand連接了兩個月份,6月和7月,故填July。考點2名詞的數和所有格Ⅰ.單項選擇1.(2022重慶A)Thisyear,thefamilywentcampingonDay,June1st.

A.ChildB.Child'sC.ChildrenD.Children's答案D考查名詞所有格。兒童節是所有兒童的節日,應用復數形式children,空后為名詞Day,前面要用名詞所有格形式,故選D。2.(2021湖南岳陽)Weseesomerisingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.

A.balloonsB.balloonC.balloones答案A考查名詞復數。由空前的some可知應用復數,balloon的復數形式為balloons,故選A。3.(2020湖北恩施)Wuhan,oneofthemostimportantinChina,isfamousfortheYellowCraneTower.

A.citiesB.citysC.city答案A考查名詞復數。“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞復數”結構意為“最……的……之一”。由此可知,此處應用名詞的復數形式cities。注意詞尾y的變化。故選A。Ⅱ.單句填空1.(2023安徽)Foreigng(客人)willsurelyenjoytheirstayinChinaduringthe19thAsianGames.

答案guests考查名詞復數。根據首字母和漢語提示可知是guest,又根據下文enjoytheirstay可知客人不止一個,應為復數,故答案是guests。2.(2023甘肅)Frankhasmorethan500(stamp).

答案stamps考查名詞復數。stamp是可數名詞,根據空前的500可知,此處應用復數形式,故填stamps。3.(2023江蘇蘇州)Weofferedtolookafterour(鄰居的)dogwhenshewasaway.

答案neighbour's/neighbor's考查名詞所有格。根據空后單數名詞dog可知此處缺限定詞,結合后文的she可知此處用單數名詞的所有格形式,結合漢語提示可知,空處填neighbour's/neighbor's。4.(2022福建)Peoplehadrebuiltthebridgemany(time).

答案times考查名詞復數。根據many可知用可數名詞的復數形式,表示“多次,多回”。故填times。5.(2022山東臨沂)My(grandmother)gardenisverynice.

答案grandmother's考查名詞所有格。此處表示“我奶奶的花園很漂亮”,故填grandmother's。考點3名詞的構詞法單句填空1.(2023四川南充)Ialsoreceivedmuch(please)whenplayingwiththem.

答案pleasure空前動詞received后跟名詞或名詞短語作賓語,且much修飾不可數名詞,所以此空應用please的名詞形式,故填pleasure。2.(2023陜西)Indaysofhigh-speedtrainresearchand(develop),scientistswereoncefacedwithanoiseproblem.

答案development根據researchand...可知此處and連接兩個并列名詞,表示高速列車的研究與開發,develop的名詞形式為development,符合語境,故填development。3.(2023山西)“Don'tyoulikeit,Danny?”ourteacherMr.Simsaskedwith(kind).

答案kindness結合備選詞,由“Don'tyoulikeit,Danny?”可知,此處指老師和藹地問。kind符合語境;設空處作介詞with的賓語,應用名詞形式,kind的名詞形式為kindness。故填kindness。4.(2023湖南常德)—Whatdidyoudoinclassthismorning,Sally?—Wehada(discuss)aboutChineseculture.

答案discussion該空作had的賓格,應填名詞,discuss的名詞形式為discussion。haveadiscussionaboutsth.討論某事。故填discussion。5.(2023云南)Amyismybestfriend.She'salwaystheretobeagood(listen).

答案listener根據句意可知,她是一個很好的傾聽者。結合空前的形容詞good可知,空處應填名詞,故用listen的名詞形式。6.(2023江蘇連云港)Papermakingisoneofthefourgreat(invent)fromancientChina.

答案inventions根據語境可知,此處指造紙術是古代中國的四大發明之一。invention發明,是可數名詞,由oneofthefour可知,此處應該用復數形式。故填inventions。3年模擬A組基礎練Ⅰ.單項選擇1.(2023山東青島一模)—Thankyoufortheyougaveme.

—I'mgladthey'rehelpful.A.adviceB.suggestionsC.newsD.information答案B考查名詞復數。根據答語中的they're可知,設空處應該是一個可數名詞的復數形式,選項中只有suggestions為復數,故選B。2.(2023江蘇南通五校聯考)—HaveyoudecidedwhattowriteaboutGulliver'sTravelsinthereport?—I'mnotsure.MaybeIneedtoreadsomeaboutitbeforewriting.

A.reasonsB.rewardsC.resultsD.reviews答案D考查名詞辨析。reason原因,理由;reward報酬,獎勵;result結果;review評論。空后的it指第一個人提到的Gulliver'sTravels,結合上文的“I'mnotsure.”可知,此處指不太確定要寫什么,所以需要參考一些有關它的評論(書評)。故選D。3.(2023天津和平一模)—Lookatmystamps.—Theyarebeautiful!You'vegotawonderful.

A.instructionB.descriptionC.collectionD.expression答案C考查名詞辨析。instruction命令;description描述;collection收藏品;expression表達。由第一個人說的“Lookatmystamps.”可知,此處在夸贊對方有一個很精彩的(郵票)收藏集。故選C。4.(2023河北石家莊一模)—Oh,dear!Thereisn'tenoughforusinthelift.

—Nohurry.Let'swaitforthenext.A.roomB.seatC.floorD.ground答案A考查名詞辨析。由“Let'swaitforthenext.”可知,電梯里沒有空間了,得等下一趟。room在此處是不可數名詞,意為“空間”。故選A。知識拓展room當可數名詞時意為“房間”;當不可數名詞時意為“空間”。5.(2023山東青島一模)—Whatistheoftheprogram?

—Tohelppeopleknowmoreaboutnature.A.secretB.purposeC.progressD.effort答案B考查名詞辨析。根據答語“Tohelppeopleknowmoreaboutnature.”可知,問的是這個項目的目的,故選B。6.(2023云南一模)Beingavolunteerinthelocalhospitalcanbringmegreat.Ihelppeopleandtheywillgivemewarmsmilesinreturn.

A.hobbiesB.pleasureC.celebrationsD.advice答案B考查名詞辨析。hobby業余愛好;pleasure快樂;celebration慶祝;advice建議。由“Ihelppeopleandtheywillgivemewarmsmilesinreturn.”可知,當志愿者給我帶來了快樂。pleasure符合語境。故選B。7.(2023重慶南岸質量監測)Therearemoreteachersinthisprimaryschoolnow.

A.manB.man'sC.menD.men's答案C考查名詞復數。由謂語動詞are及空前的more可知,此處表示“有更多男教師”,應該用復數形式menteachers。故選C。知識拓展名詞修飾名詞時,若前面的名詞是man或woman,變復數時,前后兩個名詞都要變成復數形式;如果是其他詞,變復數時,只需把后面的名詞變成復數形式。如:amanteacher→twomenteachers;aboystudent→twoboystudents。8.(2023江西南昌一模)Wecanletthatmistakebeatous,thenwe'llbemorecarefulnexttime.

A.hobbyB.noticeC.lessonD.feeling答案C考查名詞辨析。hobby業余愛好;notice通知;lesson教訓;feeling感情。由“thenwe'llbemorecarefulnexttime”可知,此處指把那個錯誤當成一個教訓,下次就會更小心。lesson符合語境,故選C。9.(2023安徽江淮教育聯盟一模)—Whydoyouthinkspringisthemostbeautiful?—Ilovespringbecausewhenspringcomes,thealloverthemountainsturngreen.

A.leafB.leafsC.leafesD.leaves答案D考查名詞復數。根據alloverthemountains可知,此處應該用復數。leaf的復數形式是leaves。故選D。10.(2023河北唐山一模)Thesaying“Onetreecan'tmakeaforest.”tellsustheimportanceof.

A.teamworkB.knowledgeC.friendshipD.housework答案A考查名詞辨析。teamwork協同工作;knowledge知識;friendship友誼;housework家務。“Onetreecan'tmakeaforest.(獨木不成林。)”告訴我們的是團隊合作的重要性,故選A。11.(2023浙江溫州三模)—What'syourfavourite,Tom?

—Ilikeplayingfootballbest.A.fruitB.foodC.shoppingD.sport答案D考查名詞辨析。由“Ilikeplayingfootballbest.”可知,對方問的是湯姆最喜歡什么運動。sport符合語境。故選D。12.(2022重慶渝中二模)Helenisn'tin.CanItakeaforher?

A.newspaperB.magazineC.messageD.language答案C由“Helenisn'tin.”可推斷,此處表示“帶口信”,故選C。takeamessage帶口信。13.(2022天津南開中學模擬)Thestoryremindsusthatweshouldnevermakeaifwecan'tkeepit.

A.wishB.choiceC.decisionD.promise答案D根據“ifwecan'tkeepit”可推出,這個故事告訴人們若不能信守承諾就不要許諾。故選D。makeapromise許諾;keepapromise信守承諾。Ⅱ.單句填空1.(2023江蘇淮安一模)The(visit)comefromtheUSA.TheywanttovisittheGreatWall.

答案visitors考查名詞復數。分析句子可知,本句缺少主語,因此visit要變成名詞,通過下文的come和They可知,要用復數形式,故填visitors。知識拓展有些動詞后加-or變成名詞,常見的有visit—visitor,invent—inventor,survive—survivor,act—actor,direct—director,operate—operator,translate—translator。2.(2023湖南永州一模)Therearemany(hero)inourcountry.Weshouldlearnfromthem.

答案heroes考查名詞復數。many修飾復數名詞,hero的復數形式是heroes。故填heroes。3.(2023江蘇南通海安聯考)Wow!Lookatthe(theoutsideortoppartofsomething)ofthelake.It'ssocalmthoughit'salittlewindy.

答案surface考查名詞拼寫。句意:哇!看看湖面。雖然有點風,但它很平靜。根據英文釋義theoutsideortoppartofsomething(某物的外部或頂部)可知,此空填surface,指“表面”。4.(2023山東棗莊一模)Theschoolwasabouttostart,butthose(student)bookswerestillinatownoutsidethevillage.

答案students'考查名詞所有格。student和books之間為所屬關系,應用所有格,前面的those表示復數,student應該先變復數再變所有格,故填students'。5.(2023天津河東一模)HuangWenxiuistherolemodelofthetimes.In2022,aTVshowTheDaughteroftheMountaintoldushers.

答案story考查名詞拼寫。由aTVshow可知,電視劇講述了她的故事。故填story。6.(2022廣西北部灣經濟區)Peopleliketoflykitesin(三月).

答案March注意月份是專有名詞,首字母要大寫。故填March。7.(2022浙江杭州)Bisthecoloroftheskyonasunnyday.

答案Blue根據thecoloroftheskyonasunnyday可知,此處指藍色,故填Blue。8.(2020甘肅)It'saboutone(hour)busridefrommyhometotheairport.

答案hour's考查名詞所有格。onehour'sbusride乘坐公共汽車一個小時的車程。這里空處作定語,應用所有格。故填hour's。9.(2022湖南長沙聯考)Afterafew(year),theforestmanor(莊園)thateveryonethoughthaddisappearedcametolifeagain.

答案yearsyear為可數名詞,該空前有afew,故應填復數形式years。10.(2021遼寧大連一模)Afterthe(invent)ofpaper,peoplestartedtowriteonpapertomakebooks.

答案invention定冠詞the與介詞of之間需填名詞。故填invention。B組提升練Ⅰ.單項選擇1.(2023湖南邵陽一模)Dogsareverysmartbecausetheycantellthefeelingsbywatchingpeople's.

A.materialsB.postcardsC.expressions答案C考查名詞辨析。句意:狗是非常聰明的,因為它們能夠通過觀察人們的表情來辨別情緒。material材料;postcard明信片;expression表情。故選C。2.(2023江蘇無錫階段性檢測)—Doctorssuggestthatstudents'breakfastshouldincludefruit,eggs,milk,bread,riceornoodles.—Yes,becausethesecanofferthemnecessaryandhelpthemstudywellinclass.

A.knowledgeB.courageC.abilityD.energy答案D考查名詞辨析。knowledge知識;courage勇氣;ability能力;energy能量。根據句意和常識可知,包含水果、雞蛋、牛奶、面包、大米或面條的早餐能夠給學生提供必需的能量,幫助他們在課堂上好好學習。所以設空處表示“能量”。故選D。3.(2023遼寧大連二模)Trustisalwaysanimportantpartofanyhealthy.Don'tyouthinkso?

A.relationshipB.situationC.suggestionD.advantage答案A考查名詞辨析。relationship關系;situation情況;suggestion建議;advantage優點。根據具體語境,能跟“信任”呼應的只有healthyrelationship,此處指信任一直是良好關系的重要部分。故選A。4.(2023福建廈門二模)Sincethisdoesn'twork,let'stryanother.Anyway,wemustsolvetheproblem.

A.methodB.messageC.discoveryD.agreement答案A考查名詞辨析。method方法;message信息;discovery發現;agreement同意。由“wemustsolvetheproblem”可知,此處在找解決問題的方法。故選A。5.(2023江蘇南京二模)Playingtheguitarandwatchingcomediesarebothmyfavouritewaysof.

A.achievementsB.instrumentsC.entertainmentD.treatment答案C考查名詞辨析。achievement成就;instrument樂器;entertainment娛樂;treatment治療。由Playingtheguitarandwatchingcomedies可知,此處說的是娛樂方式。故選C。6.(2022四川成都二模)—Howdidyoufixupthebrokenbicycle,Jack?—It'seasy.Ijustfollowedthe.

A.instructionsB.interviewsC.instruments答案A由“Howdidyoufixupthebrokenbicycle”及“It'seasy.Ijustfollowed”可知,是按說明書上維修的,故選A。instruction用法說明,常用復數;interview訪談;instrument儀器。followtheinstructions按照操作說明。7.(2022廣西貴港二模)—WhatistheofthebasketballmatchbetweenClass3andClass4?

—Itwas56-42.Class3wonthegame.A.resultB.placeC.adviceD.coach答案A根據“Itwas56-42.Class3wonthegame.”可知,此處在詢問比賽結果。故選A。8.(2022廣西北海一模)—Asweallknow,athousand-milejourneybeginswiththefirst.

—Yes,let'sgetstartednow!A.tryB.dayC.step答案C此處是諺語“千里之行,始于足下”,故選C。9.(2022云南昆明一模)—Chinahaswona“completevictory”initsfightagainstpoverty(脫貧攻堅).—Exactly.Greathavetakenplaceinmyhometown.

A.waysB.habitsC.resultsD.changes答案D根據“Chinahaswona‘completevictory’initsfightagainstpoverty.”可知,中國在脫貧攻堅戰中取得了全面勝利。由此可知家鄉發