備戰2022中考英語語法專題過關專題一名詞2021年中考考點真題1.（呼倫貝爾）Inaconversationbetweentwopersons,65%of______isdonethroughbodylanguage.A.information B.pronunciation C.introduction D.communication2.（蘇州）In1961,YuanLongpingfoundanaturalhybridriceplantthathadmanya__________overothers.advantages考點1：名詞詞義辨析考點2：名詞的數D2021年中考考點真題3.(杭州)Thedoctortoldthepatienttotakethem________threetimesaday．4.(銅仁)—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis？—It's___________.A.JackandPeter's B.Jack'sandPeter's C.Jack'sandPeter D.JackandPeter5.（阜新）IwanttothinkaboutitabitlongerbeforeImakea______（decide）.考點4：名詞所有格A考點5：名詞變形decision考點3：名詞的數medicine名詞名詞的分類普通名詞名詞的數個體名詞,如:friend，apple，city集體名詞,如:family，team，class物質名詞,如:milk,wood，beef抽象名詞,如:health，love，courage專有名詞特定的人、地方或機構的名稱,專有名詞的第一個字專有名詞母必須大寫。如:Hemingway，Chinasomebread,acupoftea規則變化,如:girl→girls，box→boxes,baby-babies，tomato→tomatoes不規則變化.如:foot→feet，mouse→mice,fish→fish，child→children

圖解語法名詞所有格可數名詞不可數名詞-'s所有格:of所有格:雙重所有格:David'sbookthetopofthehillafriendofLiMing’s考點1：名詞詞義辨析1.Thankyouforthe______yougaveme.—I'mgladthey'rehelpful.A.suggestions B.advice C.news D.information2.Whenyougorockclimbing,youneedtobecarefulsothatyoudon?thavea(n)________.A.chance B.accident C.secret D.action3.Ifyouworkharder,you’llhaveanother______toplaytheviolinataconcert.A.sleep B.chance C.mistake D.problem4.Hisbeautifulmusichasbrought________topeopleallovertheworld.A.difficulty B.pleasure C.weather D.dangerABBB5.Thereisno________tomakeanexcuseforyourmistake.You'dbettercorrectitrightnow.A.choiceB.chanceC.reasonD.power6.

Tokeepourcitycleanandbeautiful,the________arealwaysverybusycleaningthestreets.A.driversB.postmenC.firemenD.cleaners7.TheChineseDoctorsisafamousmovie,andIhaveseenittwiceinthe________.A.bankB.cinemaC.marketD.library8.Mariaisalwaysfullof________becauseshetakesexerciseeveryday.A.energyB.talentC.humourD.wealthCDBA考點1：名詞詞義辨析

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-oldMichaelHahasbecomeanexampleofyoungpeoplebecauseofhisstoryofsuccess.Hewasborninaverypoor1withfivepeople.HisfamilymovedtoBritain,buttheycouldn'tfindanyjobstherebecausetheyspokelittleEnglish.Thewholefamilylivedinasmall2inapoorarea.GrowingupwasnoteasyforMichael,buthenevergaveup.Atthe3often,hesethisheartongoingtoCambridgeUniversity.Michaelstudiedata4whichusedtobetheworstschoolinBritain.However,youngMichaelmadeuphis5totryhisbest,nomatterwhatkindofschoolhewasstudyingat.Thesmartboystudiedveryhardanddidwellineverysubjectatschool.Asaresult,Michaelreachedhis6.NowMichaelisatopmedicalstudentinCambridgeUniversity.Hehopeshecanbean7forotheryoungpeoplefromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.考點1：名詞詞義辨析()1.A.countryB.villageC.cityD.family()2.A.homeB.houseC.buildingD.office()3.A.stageB.ageC.timeD.year()4.A.schoolB.gardenC.parkD.museum()5.A.mindB.wordC.loveD.plan()6.A.adviceB.goalC.ideaD.record()7.A.interestB.exampleC.opinionD.engineerDBBAABB考點1：名詞詞義辨析可數名詞有單數、復數兩種形式，如：chair,chairs。單數可數名詞不能單獨使用，其前面可加不定冠詞(a/an)，定冠詞(the)，指示代詞(this/that),形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格等。amonth,thedictionay,hismother,Lucy’sfriend等。考點2名詞的數可數名詞可數名詞單數變復數的規則變化規則示例一般情況，加-sstar→______；gift→______；invention→___________以字母s,x,sh,ch等結尾的詞，加-esbus→______；box→______；watch→________特例：stomach→_________以字母f或fe結尾的詞，變f或fe為v，再加-esleaf→______；wife→______；knife→_______；life→______以輔音字母加y結尾的詞，先變y為i，再加-escountry→_________；baby→______；story→______；city→______starsgiftsinventionsbusesboxeswatchesstomachs考點2名詞的數leaveswiveskniveslivescountriesbabiesstoriescities構成方法示例以元音字母加y結尾的詞，加-stoy→______；monkey→_________以輔音字母加o結尾的詞，若表示有生命的加-es，若表示無生命的加-stomato→________；hero→______；photo→_______；piano→_______；zoo→______；radio→______toysmonkeystomatoesheroesphotospianoszoosradios可數名詞單數變復數的規則變化考點2名詞的數易失分點以-s結尾的詞不一定都是可數名詞的復數形式，maths,physics,news是不可數名詞。可數名詞單數變復數的規則變化構成方法示例改a為eman→______；woman→________特例：German→__________；human→__________改oo為eetooth→______；foot→______在詞尾加-renchild→__________單復數形式相同sheep;Chinese;Japanese其他特殊形式mouse→______menwomenGermanshumansteethfeetchildrenmice考點2名詞的數1.不可數名詞沒有復數形式，如：water,meat。2.可修飾不可數名詞的修飾語：much,little,alittle,abitof,agood/greatdealof,

alargeamountof等。3.不可數名詞不可以被基數詞和不定冠詞(a/an)直接修飾。若表示數量，可用量詞加不可數名詞表達。常見的計量詞有piece,kilo,bag,glass,cup,drop等。abottleofwater,apieceofmusic,twopiecesofadvice考點2名詞的數不可數名詞a/an+計量詞基數詞（大于1）+計量詞（復數形式）+of+不可數名詞1.Hurryup!Some________and________areonsaleinthesupermarket.A.tomato;egg B.tomatoes;eggC.tomatoes;eggs D.tomato;eggs2.MickyMouseisoneofthefamous__inAmerican____.A.symbol;culture B.symbol;culturesC.symbols;culture D.symbols;cultures3.Shanghaiisoneof____intheworld．A.thebiggestcities B.biggestcitiesC.thebiggestcity D.biggercities4.—Whatelsedoweneedtomakevegetablesoup?—_____.A.Twobowlwater B.TwobowlswaterC.Twobowlofwater D.Twobowlsofwater考點2名詞的數—考點練習CCAD類別構成方法示例有生命的名詞不以-s結尾加'smysister'sbag以-s結尾加'thestudents'vacation表示幾個人共同擁有在最后一個人名后加'sLilyandMary'shome表示每個人各自擁有在每個人名后加'sTom'sandJack'sshoes用于構成不同的節日加's或'Children'sDayTeachers'Day考點3名詞所有格-’s的所有格考點3名詞所有格-’s的所有格表示兩者各自的所屬關系(各自所有)，則每個名詞都分別使用所有格形式。Paul’sandMark’s

mothers.表示兩者共同擁有的人或物(共有)時，只在后一個名詞使用所有格形式即可,Maryandlily’smother.

(1)表示“店鋪”、“某人的家”、“診所”、“辦公室”的名詞所有格后，一般省去表示地點的名詞。如：atthedoctor's(在診所)；gotomyuncle's(去我叔叔家)。(2)一些具有名詞性質的復合不定代詞，如someone,everybody等和else連用時，'s應加在else后。如：everyoneelse'sdecision(其他人的決定)。考點3名詞所有格-’s的所有格of所有格“名詞＋of＋名詞”構成了of所有格。其用法主要有：

用法示例表示無生命的東西thetopofthehill表示“有關，關于”astoryoflove表示部分與整體的概念thebottomofthesea表示抽象概念thecostoflivingof所有格有時也可以用于有生命的東西，表示所屬關系，此時，有生命的of所有格可以和-'s所有格互換，如：thegirl'sname＝thenameofthegirl。考點3名詞所有格雙重所有格考點2名詞所有格

構成示例of+-’s所有格twostudentsofMr.Green’sof+名詞性物主代詞adictionaryofhersItisapictureofyourfather's.=Itisoneofmyfather’spictures.這是你父親的一張照片。(你父親的照片不止一張).Itisapictureofyourfather.這是你父親的一張照片。(表示是你父親本人的照片).1.Whetherwecangoonavacationdependsonmy______time.Heisalwaysbusywithhiswork.A.father'sB.fatherC.fathers'D.fathers2.________motherswillbothattendtheparents'meeting.Theywanttoknowhowtheirchildrenbehaveatschool.A.PeterandHelen'sB.Peter'sandHelen'sC.Peter'sandHelenD.PeterandHelen3.Whenwewereyoung,ourparentsoftentoldusnottobelieve________words.A.stranger'sB.strangerC.strangers'D.strangers4.MissWhiteisafriendofmy________.MysisteralwaystellsmesomethingbetweenMissWhiteandher.A.sister'sB.sisterC.sisters'D.sistersABCA考點3名詞所有格—考點練習名詞變形容詞考點4名詞變形1.n.＋-y或雙寫最后一個輔音字母＋-y(尤其是一些與天氣有關的名詞)：cloud→________

fog→________health→________

luck→________sun→________

snow→________sleep→________

rain→________wind→________noise→________cloudyfoggyhealthyluckysunnysnowysleepyrainywindynoisy2.n.＋-al或去e＋-al：education→____________nation→________person→_________centre→________culture→_________nature→________3.n.＋-ful：wonder→____________

color→__________meaning→____________

harm→_________peace→_________

use→________educationalnationalpersonalcentralculturalnaturalwonderfulcolorfulmeaningfulharmfulpeacefuluseful名詞變形容詞考點4名詞變形4.n.＋ly：love→____________friend→________week→_________

day→________5.n.(-ce)→-t：silence→____________

patience→__________absence→____________difference→_________

importance→_________

lovelyfriendlyweeklydailysilentpatientabsentdifferentimportant名詞變形容詞考點4名詞變形1.n.＋-istart→________tour→________

violin→_________(注意：piano→________science→_________)2.n.＋-ian：music→__________magic→__________artisttouristviolinistpianistscientistmusicianmagician名詞變名詞考點4名詞變形考點分析考點4：名詞變形1.Mygrandfatherlikeseatingtomatoesand________(potato)verymuch.Healwayscooksthemindifferentways.2.OurEnglishteacherishumorousand________(fun).Wealllikehisclassverymuch.3.Myauntisan________(art).Shedoesn'tpaintformoneybutforherownpleasure.4.Besidesrunningaftersuccess,wehavemanyother________(wonder)thingstodoinourlife.potatoes做賓語與tomatoes并列，用名詞復數。做表與humorous并列，用形容詞。funny根據句意，此處填表職業的名詞，冠詞a/an之后,用單數。artist根據句意，空白處修飾名詞things，作定語，用形容詞。wonderful1.Youmustreturnthetwobookstothelibraryrightnowbecauseyouhavekeptthemfor________(week).2.Generallyspeaking,excellentlearnershavesomegood________(habit)incommon.3.Itis________(hope)thatwe'llfinishthereportaheadoftimeifweworkasagroup.4.I'dliketobuyapairofsports________(shoe).Couldyousuggestonetome?5.Whatagreat________(science)YuanLongpingis!HehasmadesomanyachievementsinriceproductionforChina.6.The__________(music)hasmadenearlyahundredpiecesofmusic.Mostofthemarepopularamongteenagers.

考點4：名詞變形—考點練習weekshabitshopefulshoesscientistm