PAGE課時作業(yè)(二十一)選修⑦Unit2FitforlifeⅠ.閱讀理解A[2024·太原市高三年級模擬試題]TheChineseDoctorWhoBeatthePlague(鼠疫)Inthewinterof1910,Dr.WuLien-tehsteppedoffatraininthenorthernChinesecityofHarbin.Hewastheretosolveamedicalmystery,atgreatpersonalrisk.Overthepastfewmonths,anunknowndiseasehadsweptalongtherailwaysofnortheastChina,killing99.9%ofitsvictims.TheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridge-educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic(流行病)．WhenDr.WuarrivedinHarbinonDecember24,1910,hecarriedlittleinthewayofmedicalinstrumentsandhadonlyoneassistant.OneofWu'sfirstactsuponarrivalwastosetupspecialquarantine(隔離)unitsandtoorderlockdownstostopinfectedpersonsfromtravelingandspreadingthedisease.Hehadteamscheckhouseholdsforpossiblecases,andevenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksof1911.OfparticularconcernwastheupcomingChineseNewYearholiday,whichhadbecomeagreatannualmigrationofpeopletravelingacrossthecountrytoseetheirfamilies.ThankstoDr.Wu'sefforts,thenumberofplaguevictimsbegantodecrease,andbyMarch1,1911,theepidemicwasfullycontained.Theplagueoutbreakof1910－1911lastednearlyfourmonths,affectedfiveprovincesandsixmajorcities,andaccountedforover60,000deaths.ItisclearthatwithoutthebraveanddecisiveactionstakenbyDr.Wuitcouldhavebeenmuchworse.Hadtheepidemicgoneunchecked,allowingholidayrailpassengerstospreadthediseasetotherestofChinacouldhavemeantacatastrophiclossoflifeandpossiblyaglobalhealthcrisis.InApril1911,Dr.WuchairedanInternationalPlagueConferenceinShenyang,attendedbyscientistsfrom11countriesincludingtheUnitedStates,JapanandFrance.TheypraisedDr.Wuforhishandlingofthe1910－1911outbreak.Foratime,Dr.Wuwastheworld'smostfamousplaguefighter,atitlehedefendedinfightingcholerainChinain1919,andareturnofplaguein1921.1．WhatwasDr.Wu'smissionin1910?A．Totakepersonalrisks.B．Toendanepidemic.C．Toprovidemedicaleducation.D．Toinvestigatethenumberofvictims.2．WhichofDr.Wu'sactsstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwide?A．Settingupspecialquarantineunits.B．Carryingmedicalinstrumentswithhim.C．Checkinghouseholdsforpossiblecases.D．Convincingauthoritiestoclosetherailways.3．Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A．ThediseaseworsenedafterMarch1,1911.B．60,000peoplewouldhavediedwithoutDr.Wu'sefforts.C．Theworldwassavedfromamajorepidemicin1911.D．Aglobalhealthcrisisfollowedthe1910－1911outbreak.4．WhatcanweknowaboutDr.Wufromthelastparagraph?A．Hecontinuedtofightepidemicsafter1911.B．Hewasinfectedwithcholerain1919.C．Hetraveledworldwidehostingconferences.D．Heclaimedtheplaguewouldneverhappenagain.B[2024·開封市高三第一次模擬]AndrewGreydoesn'tfitmostpeople'sideaofanastronomer.Heworksinacarrepairshop,notinalaboruniversity,yettheAustralianrepairmandiscoveredastarsystemhidingindatafromNASA'sKeplerspacetelescope.Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollectiveunderstanding.Forcenturies,onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience,butadvancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratization(民主化)toscience.“Thisisacollaborative(合作的)effortthatanyonecouldgetinvolvedin，”saysChrisLintott,anOxfordUniversityastrophysicist(天體物理學(xué)家)andco-founderofZooniverse,aplatformthathostsdozensofcitizenscienceprojects.Citizenscientistscancontributetobreakthroughsinalmostanyfield,fromecologytoastrophysics.“Aslongaspatternrecognitionisinvolved,therearenolimitstowhatcanbecomeacitizenscienceproject，”Lintottsays.“Anyonecanidentifypatternsinimages,graphs,orevenseeminglyboringdataafterashorttutorial.Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.Buthumans,particularlyamateurscientists,don'tstayfocusedonwhatthey'resupposedto.Andthat'sgood,becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset.”“Andcitizensciencedoesn'thavetobedirectedbyascientist，”saysSheilaJasanoff,directoroftheProgramonScience,TechnologyandSocietyatHarvardUniversity.“Citizensproducingknowledgeinplaceswhereofficialorganshavefailedthemcanalsobecitizenscientists，”shesays.That'swhathappenedinFlint,Michigan,whenalocalmotherstarteddrinkingwaterteststhatcausedabroaderinvestigationofleadlevels.Citizen-poweredresearchisasoldasscientificinquiry.Forcenturiesbeforesciencebecameprofessionalized,regularpeoplelookedforpatternsintheworldaroundthem.Despitealotofadvancedequipmentandcomputermodels,scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople.Asaprofessionalscientisthimself,Lintottsays,“Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent,butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp.”5．Whatmadecitizenscientistsappear?A．Thehighlevelofscienceprojects.B．Thedevelopmentoftechnology.C．Thesupportofthegovernment.D．ThefoundationofZooniverse.6．Whatisanadvantageofhumansinpatternrecognitioncomparedwithmachines?A．Humanscanidentifypatternsmoreswiftly.B．Humansfocustheirattentionondata.C．Humanscanobserveuncommonthings.D．Humanshavestrongeremotions.7．WhatisLintott'sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Favorable.B．Cautious.C．Indifferent.D．Doubtful.8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．CitizenScientistsCanBeIntelligentB．ScienceIsImportanttoEveryoneC．AnyoneCanBeaScientistD．ScienceIsEverywhereⅡ.完形填空[2024·石家莊市質(zhì)量檢測一]“Folkonthesubwaydon'ttalk.Theydon'twantyouinterruptingtheirday.”Iwasgiventhe__1__longago.Oneday,Iclimbedonthesubwayandtherewasonlyone__2__seat.Iscrunchedintothespacebesideawomanandimmediatelyshecomplainedina(n)__3__manner,“Ohyeah,shehadtosithere.Itmakesmealluncomfortable.”“I'msorry，”Itoldher.“Doyouwantmeto__4__？”Withahugesigh,she__5__back,“Isupposeyoucanstay.”Thewordswereokaybuther__6__toldmeIwasnotwelcome.“Icanmove,really,especiallyifitis__7__you，”Isaid__8__.Another__9__，andshetoldmetostay.Okay,__10__don'twantmetointerruptthemonthesubway.__11__，Ifiguredwecouldhaveaconversation.IaskedherifshehadeverbeenouttoAlberta.Shewaitedalloftwosecondsandthenresponded,“No,butwe'vebeenthroughitonthewaytoVancouver.”“Iloveitthere，”Itoldherandwentonto__12__thegreatweatherandfriendlypeople.“Whereareyoufromoriginally？”Iasked.Nowherewasa__13__shewantedtotalkaboutandsoonI__14__herlifeintheoldcountry.Shetalkeduntilitwastimeforhertogetoff.Thenshe__15__andwarmlysaidgoodbye.Hey,thissubwaytravelingisokay!1．A.decisionB．optionC．ruleD．order2．A.occupiedB．reservedC．comfortableD．empty3．A.unpleasantB．calmC．unusualD．casual4．A.switchB．moveC．helpD．wait5．A.whisperedB．screamedC．a(chǎn)rguedD．fought6．A.appearanceB．voiceC．behaviorD．figure7．A.inspiringB．surprisingC．embarrassingD．bothering8．A.desperatelyB．sharplyC．sincerelyD．confidently9．A.attemptB．glanceC．hesitationD．sigh10．A.strangersB．conductorsC．touristsD．performers11．A.ApparentlyB．ThereforeC．EventuallyD．Still12．A.evaluateB．mentionC．imagineD．debate13．A.topicB．conclusionC．planD．career14．A.caredaboutB．longedforC．learnedaboutD．thoughtof15．A.pushedB．smiledC．hesitatedD．clappedⅢ.應(yīng)用文寫作[2024·石家莊市質(zhì)量檢測一]你們年級安排舉辦一場英文演講競賽，主題為“我最寵愛的運(yùn)動”。請寫一篇參賽演講稿。內(nèi)容包括：1．運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目；2．寵愛緣由。留意：寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。MyFavoriteSportHello,everyone.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時作業(yè)(二十一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——衛(wèi)生與健康——中國醫(yī)生伍連德限制住了鼠疫【語篇解讀】1910年的冬天一種死亡率極高的流行病席卷中國東北，在劍橋受過教化的伍連德醫(yī)生被派去阻擋這種流行病，他到達(dá)目的地后，實(shí)行了諸如設(shè)立特地的隔離病區(qū)、對感染者實(shí)行活動限制之類的有效措施，由于伍連德醫(yī)生的努力，鼠疫最終被完全限制。1．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段尾句“TheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridgeeducatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic(流行病)”可知，清朝政府派遣在劍橋受過教化的伍醫(yī)生北上，以阻擋這種流行病。故B項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“spreadingnationwide”定位至其次段最終兩句中的“evenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksof1911...toseetheirfamilies”和第三段最終一句可知，他勸服當(dāng)局在春節(jié)前徹底關(guān)閉鐵路，防止人口通過鐵路流淌，從而阻擋了鼠疫在全國流行，故D項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第三段尾句可知，假如疫情沒有得到限制，允許假期乘坐火車的旅客將疾病傳播到中國其他地方，可能意味著災(zāi)難性的生命損失，并可能引發(fā)全球健康危機(jī)。據(jù)此可以推斷，鼠疫在1911年得到完全限制，有效阻擋了其向世界傳播，故C項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：A考查推理推斷。依據(jù)本文尾句可知，那時伍醫(yī)生是世界上最聞名的抗擊鼠疫的人，他在抗擊1919年中國的霍亂和1921年卷土重來的鼠疫中捍衛(wèi)了這一稱號。據(jù)此可推知，在1911年之后，他接著卓有成效地抗擊流行病，故A項(xiàng)正確。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——人與科學(xué)——公民科學(xué)家【語篇解讀】數(shù)個世紀(jì)以來，只有少數(shù)一般人為科學(xué)作出了貢獻(xiàn)，但科技的進(jìn)步已經(jīng)為科學(xué)帶來了更高水平的民主化，科學(xué)是任何人都能參加的，每個人都有可能成為科學(xué)家。5．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段中的“onlyafewordinarypeople...toscience”可知，科技的進(jìn)步為科學(xué)帶來了更高水平的民主化，從而使更多的一般人也能參加科學(xué)探討，促成了公民科學(xué)家的出現(xiàn)，故選B。6．答案與解析：C考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Andthat'sgood,becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset”可知，在模式識別方面，人類與機(jī)器相比，人類的優(yōu)勢在于其能夠留意到一些不尋常的東西，故C項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：A考查觀點(diǎn)看法。依據(jù)第三段Lintott表述的科學(xué)人人都能參加，第四段他表述的公民科學(xué)家有自身的優(yōu)勢和尾段中他說的話“‘Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent,butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp’”可推知，Lintott支持公民科學(xué)，故選A。8．答案與解析：C考查主旨大意。文章第一段以表述澳大利亞汽車修理工AndrewGrey成為公民科學(xué)家來引入話題，接著又講到天體物理學(xué)家ChrisLintott和SheilaJasanoff對于公民科學(xué)的看法，并結(jié)合倒數(shù)其次段中的“scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople”可知，本文主要確定了公民科學(xué)家，表達(dá)了任何人都可能成為科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)，故C項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.完形填空語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——社會交往——在地鐵上與生疏人的一次溝通【語篇解讀】作者曾被告知地鐵上的乘客們一般不寵愛閑聊。作者有一次乘地鐵，車廂里正好有一個空座位，作者坐下后鄰座的女士始終在埋怨，作者問她自己是否須要離開，可是又得到了否定的答復(fù)。于是，作者確定和這位女士閑聊，而這次閑聊后來很順暢。1．答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。本空指的是上文提到的“Folkonthesubwaydon'ttalk.Theydon'twantyouinterruptingtheirday”，此處表示這是很久以前別人告知作者的規(guī)則。2．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。依據(jù)下文中的“Iscrunchedintothespacebesideawoman”可以推斷，地鐵上有一個空座。3．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。依據(jù)下文中的“Ohyeah,shehadtosithere.Itmakesmealluncomfortable”可以推斷，這位女士對于作者坐在她身邊很不快樂。4．答案與解析：B考查詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。依據(jù)下文中的“Icanmove”可知，作者問那位女士自己是否須要離開那個座位。5．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境和下文中的“Isupposeyoucanstay”可知，盡管這位女士對于作者坐在她身邊感到不快樂，但是并沒有大聲發(fā)作，所以此處用whispered。6．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。依據(jù)語境可知，盡管這位女士嘴上說作者可以坐在那里，但是她的聲音告知作者她不歡迎作者。7．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。依據(jù)上文中講到的“Itmakesmealluncomfortable”“Iwasnotwelcome”可以推斷，作者坐在那個座位上好