4ListeningandspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCultureexpressPronunciationandlisteningskillsConversationPassageNewsreportTips在英語雙音節(jié)詞或多音詞中,有一個(gè)音節(jié)要重讀，這個(gè)音節(jié)就是重讀音節(jié)，其他音節(jié)要弱讀,叫弱讀音節(jié)或非重讀音節(jié)。音標(biāo)中重讀音節(jié)前要加重音符號(hào)'，如：happy/'h?pi/,hotel/h??'tel/。重讀音節(jié)需要讀得重而強(qiáng),而弱讀音節(jié)則要讀得輕而弱。Listentosomewordsandputthemintothecorrespondingcolumnsaccordingtotheirstresspatterns.mountainboyfriendguitarhospitaldangerouspolitetomorrowairportpianohomeworkimportantalongbeautifulyesterdayumbrella雙音節(jié)詞三音節(jié)詞重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)mountainguitaryesterdaytomorrowListentosomewordsandputthemintothecorrespondingcolumnsaccordingtotheirstresspatterns.Listentosomewordsandputthemintothecorrespondingcolumnsaccordingtotheirstresspatterns.雙音節(jié)詞三音節(jié)詞重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)mountain______________________________guitar____________________yesterday______________________________tomorrow________________________boyfriendairporthomework

alongpolitedangeroushospitalbeautifulpianoimportant

umbrellaWordtips

designv.設(shè)計(jì)ShabtaiHirshberg沙巴泰·赫什伯格tricycle

n.（尤指幼兒騎的）三輪自行車therapistn.治療專家；治療師psychologistn.心理學(xué)家recoverv.恢復(fù)健康；康復(fù)1WhendidShabtaiHirshbergfindouttheproblemswiththedesignofa

tricycle?A.Duringavisittoatricyclestore.B.Duringavisittoafactoryworkshop.C.Duringavisittoanotherdesigner’sworkshop.D.Duringavisittoacenterfordisabledchildren.Listentoanewsreportandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.2Whojoinedinimprovingthetricycle?A.Someteachers.C.Somephysicaltherapists.3

Whatdowelearnabouttheimprovedtricycle?A.Itcanbeusedforfun.

B.There’sawidemarketforit.C.Ithelpsdisabledchildrenrecover.D.Itworkswellonlyforthedisabled.B.Someparents.D.Somedisabledpeople.Listentoanewsreportandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Scripts:Nowadays,manynewthingsarebeinginventedanddesignedtohelpdisabledpeople.Duringavisittoacenterfordisabledchildren,theindustrialdesignerShabtaiHirshbergsawaboyoncrutchestryingtogetontoatricycle.Theboywouldn’tletanyonehelphim,andgothislegcaughtontheseat.WhenShabtaisawtheproblemswiththisdesign,hestartedworkingwithphysicaltherapistsandachildpsychologisttobuildabettertricycle.Theimprovedtricycleallowsdisabledchildrentouseitwithouthelp,andalsohelpsthemrecover.Thedesignisfunandworkswellforanychild.2WhatwillAnndotohelpGeorge?A.PracticewithGeorge.B.HelpGeorgereviewfortheexam.C.TeachGeorgesomelisteningskills.D.SharesomelisteningmaterialswithGeorge.Wordtips

1WhatisGeorge’sattitudetowardtheexam?A.Happy.C.Worried.pessimistic

a.悲觀的；悲觀主義的dueto由于；因?yàn)閘ackn.不足；缺乏B.Excited.D.Uninterested.1Listentoaconversationandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.

2Listentotheconversationagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1Georgethinkshemayfailtheexambecauseofhispoorspeakingskills.2AnnthinksthatthereasonwhyGeorgeisnotgoodatlisteningishislackofpatience.3AnnbelievesifGeorgepracticesalot,hewillpasstheexam.FFTScripts:George:

Ann:

George:

Ann:George:

Ann:George:Ann,I’mafraidI’mgoingtofailmyEnglishexamagain.Whyareyousopessimistic,George?Becauselisteningisalwaysmyweakness.I’mjustnotgoodatit.Isthattheonlyreason?Itmaybeduetoyourlackofpractice.Youareprobablyright.Don’tworryaboutit.Practicemakesperfect.I’llsharewithyousomelisteningmaterials.Theymightbehelpfulinpreparingfortheexam.Ibelieveyoucanpasstheexamifyoupracticealot.Oh,thankyou.That’sveryniceofyou.3Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthesituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionallanguage.Situation1Situation2AandBhaveplannedtogotothemoviestogether.JustbeforeBleavesforthemovietheater,AcallsBtocanceltheplan.Aislateforthefirstclassinthemorning.Aexplainsthereasonforhis/herlatenesstoB,theteacher.3Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthesituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionallanguage.A:Saysorryforbeinglate/absent(缺席).B:AcceptA’sapology(道歉)andaskaboutthereason.A:TellAthereasonforbeinglate/absent.B:Expressunderstanding.A:Showthanks.GuidedconversationA:

Saysorryforbeinglate/absent(缺席).B:AcceptA’sapology(道歉)andaskaboutthereason.A:TellAthereasonforbeinglate/absent.B:Expressunderstanding.A:Showthanks.3Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthesituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionallanguage.GuidedconversationFUNCTIONALLANGUAGEAskingaboutreasons?Whyare/doyou…??

Isthatthe(only)reason??Why??MayIknowthereason??Whyisthat??

Couldyoutellmethereason?Givingreasons?Because(of)…?Itisdueto…?…istheresultof…?

…iscausedby…?Dueto/Owingto…Sample

conversationSituation1IamsosorrythatI’mlatefortheclass,ProfessorBrown.That’sallright.MayIknowthereason?Igotastomachachethismorning,soIhadtoseethedoctorbeforeIcametotheclass.Iamsorrytohearthat.Hopeyougetwellsoon.Iamfeelingbetternow.Thankyouverymuch!Ann:Brown:Ann:

Brown:Ann:Sample

conversationSituation2Hi,George,IamterriblysorrythatIcan’tseethemoviewithyouas

planned.It’sOK,butcouldyoutellmethereason?Mymotherhasameetingthisafternoon,soIhavetostayathometotakecareofmybaby

brother.Ann:George:Ann:

Sample

conversationSituation2Isee.Don’tworry.Wecangoanothertime.Thanksalot!George:Ann:

1Whatwasthespeakerdoing?A.Sittingonthebeach.C.Buildingasandcastle.

2Whatwerethechildrendoing?

A.Watchingthesea.B.Swimminginthesea.C.Runningonthebeach.D.Buildingasandcastle.knockdown摧毀,拆毀(建筑物或其中一部分)edgen.

邊緣Wordtips

B.Swimminginthesea.D.Takingcareofchildren.1Listentoapassageandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.

3Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toteachchildrenhowtobuildsandcastles.B.Totellchildrenhowtoprotecttheirsandcastles.C.Totellpeoplehowtodealwithfrustrations(挫折).D.Toteachpeoplehowtolearnalessonfromothers.1Listentoapassageandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.1Thespeakerwassittingonthebeachandtalkingtotwochildren.2Abigwavedestroyedthechildren’swork.3Thechildrenweresosadthattheybegancrying.4Thechildrensatdownandbegantoworkagain.5Thespeakerfeltsadforthechildren.FTFTF2Listentothepassageagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Scripts:Iwassittingonthebeachonahotsummer’sday,watchingtwochildren,aboyandagirl,playingwiththesand.Theywereworkinghardatbuildingasandcastle.Whentheyfinished,abigwavecamealongandknockeditdown.Ithoughtthechildrenwouldcryafteralltheirhardworkhadturnedtonothing.Buttheysurprisedme.Handinhand,theygotupandranawayfromthewater’sedge,thensatdowntobuildanotherone.Theyreallytaughtmealesson.Ifthingsgowrong,weshouldn’tsitaroundandfeelsorryforourselves.Withthehelpfromourfriends,wecanalwaysstartagain.A:Whatwastheweatherlike?B:…A:Whatwasthespeakerdoing?B:…A:Whomwasthespeakerwatching?B:…A:Whathappenedwhenthetwochildrenfinishedbuildingasandcastle?B:…A:Whatdidthespeakerlearnfromthechildren?B:…3

Workinpairsandretellthestorybyaskingandansweringthequestions.ReferenceanswersA:B:

A:B:A:B:A:Whatwastheweatherlike?Itwasveryhot.Whatwasthespeakerdoing?Thespeakerwassittingonthebeach.Whomwasthespeakerwatching?Thespeakerwaswatchingtwochildrenplayingwiththesand.Whathappenedwhenthetwochildrenfinishedbuildingasandcastle?ReferenceanswersB:

A:B:Abigwavecamealongandknockeddownthesandcastle.Whatdidthespeakerlearnfromthechildren?Thespeakerlearnedfromthechildrenthatifthingsgowrong,weshouldn’tsitaroundandfeelsorryforourselves.Withthehelpfromourfriends,wecanalwaysstartagain.OverviewInourlife,wewillcomeacrosssomeideasthatcanenlightenus,changeus,orevenshapeus.SteveJobs,afteravisittoaninstitutebuiltontheprinciplesoftheBauhaus,realizedthatthesimpleandcleandesignstylewaswhathewantedforhiscomputers.Wewillalsomeetpeopleinourlifewhoteachussomething.Theexperiencewillmakeourlifemorecolorfulandmemorable.Therefore,weshouldtreasurethesespecialgiftsoflifeastheymayhelpusunderstandwhoweareandwhatwecanbe.Campus“Romance”SteveJobsandtheBauhausLead-inText-studyExercises>Lead-inPre-readingVideoappreciation>Pre-reading1LookattheproductsinthetwopictureswhicharedesignedbasedontheBauhaus’principlesofsimpleandcleandesign.DiscussifthereareanysimilaritiesindesignbetweenAppleproductsandtheproductsinthepictures.Workingroupsanddotheactivity.Referenceanswers>Pre-readingYes.Theyaresimilarinnature.Accordingtothepicturesofthethreechairsandthehouse,wecanseethatBauhausisastylewhichputsemphasisondesigningpracticalobjectsthataresimple,clean,beautifulandeasytouse.IntermsofApple’sproducts,theyarealwaysdesignedtolookclean,simple,andeasytounderstand.Therefore,bothApple’sproductsandtheproductsinthepicturesareexamplesoftheprinciplesofsimpleandcleandesign.What’smore,theyallhaveverypracticaldesign,whichmeansthefunctionsoftheseproductsarefulfilled.>Pre-readingWorkingroupsanddotheactivity.2WhatarethedifferencesbetweenBauhausbuildingdesignandtraditionalChinesebuildingdesign？Workingroupsanddotheactivity.2WhatarethedifferencesbetweenBauhausbuildingdesignandtraditionalChinesebuildingdesign？ReferenceanswersTheBauhausstyletendstofeaturesimplegeometricshapeslikerectanglesandspheres,withoutelaboratedecorations.Buildings,furniture,andfontsoftenfeatureroundedcornersandsometimesroundedwalls.Otherbuildingsarecharacterizedbyrectangularfeatures,forexampleprotrudingbalconieswithflat,chunkyrailingsfacingthestreet,andlongbanksofwindows.Forexample,BrunoHouse,at3StraussStreet,designedbyZe’evHaller1933;PaceBeijing,751D-Parkatthe798ArtDistrict.>Pre-reading>Pre-readingTraditionalChinesearchitectureenjoysalonghistoryandgreatachievements,andcreatedmanyarchitecturalmiraclessuchastheForbiddenCityandtheTempleofHeaven.Intheprocessofitsdevelopment,superiorarchitecturaltechniquesandartisticdesignwerecombinedtomakeuniqueChinesearchitecturalcharacteristics.Firstly,Chinesearchitecturetendstobeharmonywithnature.Chinesebuildingsde-emphasizeverticalwalls.Instead,aheavyplatformunderliesalargeroof,seekingtodemonstratebreadthandsolidity.Forexample,TheImperialPalaceintheForbiddenCityhasceilingsmuchlowerthanthoseofequivalentspacesinVersaillesorBuckinghamPalace.>Pre-readingSecondly,Chinesearchitectureisalsohighlysymmetrical,whichtheoreticallysupportstheproperorderofthingsandconnotesasenseofgreatness.Manystructuresfollowthestrictprincipleofacenteraxissurroundedbysymmetricalwings,suchthattheoverallappearanceoftheindividualstructureisoneofperfectsymmetry.Youcanfindthisfeatureinmanyresidences,officialbuildings,

temples,

andpalaces.Forexample,thearrangementwithintheForbiddenCityissymmetrical.Thethronesymbolizingimperialpowerispositionedatthecenterofthiscentralaxis.Thirdly,

AncientChinesesawearthassquareandheavenasround,whichisaphilosophyideareflectedinChinesearchitecture.Forexample,>Pre-readingtheTempleofHeavenisaperfectillustrationofbalanceandharmony.Itisenclosedwithalongwall.Thenorthernpartwithinthewallissemicircularsymbolizingtheheavensandthesouthernpartissquaresymbolizingtheearth.Thenorthernpartishigherthanthesouthernpart.ThisdesignshowsthattheheavenishighandtheearthislowandreflectsanancientChinesethoughtof“Theheavenisroundandtheearthissquare”.Finally,Chinesearchitecturehasreservedcertaindesignsofarchitecturalfeaturesforpeopleofdifferentstatus.Aspectsofthebuildingsuchasheight,color,material,andsizeofthehousewereallregulatedbylaw>Pre-readingaccordingtorankofthefamilylivingthere.Forexample,yellowrooftilesanddragonsdecorationswerereservedfortheemperor.>VideoappreciationWalterGropiusfoundedtheBauhausinGermanyin1919.Doyouknowsomeinformationaboutit?Inthefollowingpart,you’llwatchavideoclipabouttheBauhaus.Answerthefollowingquestionsafterwatching.1WhatkindofschoolistheBauhaus?ReferenceanswersTheBauhausisaschoolinGermanytrainingdesignersinallfields.Tothisday,mostdesigneducationisbasedontheBauhausteachingmethod.TheBauhauswastheplacewhereallthepreviousmovementsandstylescametogether.Atthecoreofallthesepriormovements,constructivism,futurism,ArtNouveau,Jugendstil,andartsandcraftswastheideathatdesigncouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Thiswastheguidingprinciple>VideoappreciationattheBauhaus.TheBauhauswasasignificantschoolofartinthe20thcenturyandwasresponsibleforthedevelopmentofmanyprominentBauhausartists.>VideoappreciationWalterGropiusfoundedtheBauhausinGermanyin1919.Doyouknowsomeinformationaboutit?Inthefollowingpart,you’llwatchavideoclipabouttheBauhaus.Answerthefollowingquestionsafterwatching.2Accordingtothevideo,whatarethecentralideasofmodernism?ReferenceanswersFirst,adesignershouldstriveforthehighestqualityandcraftsmanship.Second,lessismore.Third,workshouldbetruetoitsmaterials.Next,formfollowsfunction.TextreadingOrganizationofthetextLanguagepoints>Text-study1Greatideasaretimeless.TheworksofPlatoandShakespearespeaktousnowastheydidthen.WecansaythesameaboutBauhausideas,whichSteveJobsusedtoproducesomeofourowntime’swell-knownproducts.2TheBauhauswasaschoolofartanddesignestablishedinWeimar,Germanyin1919.Itsnamemeans“houseofbuilding”,anditsmissionwastodesignpracticalobjectsthatwerebeautifulandeasytouse.ManyconsidertheBauhaustobethemostinfluentialdesigninstitutionofthe20thcentury.3AlthoughtheBauhausisprobablymostwell-knownforitsbuildingdesign,Bauhausmastersdesignedeverythingfromfurnitureandclothestotypefacesandtablesettings.Theyalsodidpaintingandphotography.SteveJobsandtheBauhaus>Text-readingTheywantedthefineartsandpracticalartstocometogetherandtheyfocusedontheproductasawhole.Intheirdesigns,theBauhausmastersvaluedhowaproductworkedaswellashowitlooked.ManyBauhausdesignsarestillproducednow.Theyseemasfreshtodayastheydidwhentheywerecreatedaboutacenturyago.4SteveJobsgrewupinaworldbuiltonBauhausprinciples.Hisfamily’shouse,theonewiththegaragewhereApplewasborn,reflectedBauhausprinciplesofsimple,cleandesign,whichdidn’tcosttoomuch.Afterheleftcollege,Jobscontinuedtolearnabouttypography.Simple,cleantypefaceswereveryimportanttotheBauhauslook.5In1981,SteveJobsattendedadesignconferenceattheAspenInstitute.Itscampus,furniture,livingquarters,andeventhetypographyweredesigned>Text-readingbyBauhausarchitectHerbertBayer.Jobsrealizedthiswasthelookhewantedforhiscomputers.Heknewitwouldsell,helppeopletoworkwell,andalsomaketheirworkingspaceslookmorebeautiful.6Ofcourse,theproductscreatedbytheBauhausandAppleareverydifferent,butathearttheyaresimilar.Theyarebothexamplesoftheprinciplesofsimpleandcleandesign.>Text-reading>OrganizationofthetextPartI(Para.______)Greatideasaretimeless.PartII(Paras.______)ThebackgroundinformationandthedesignprinciplesoftheBauhaus.PartIII(Paras.______)TheproductscreatedbytheBauhausandApplearedifferentbutsimilaratheart.Structure12-34-5SteveJobswasinspiredbyBauhausideasinhislife.PartIV(Para.______)6a.remainingattractiveandnotbecomingold-fashioned萬古長新的；永不過時(shí)的-less是后綴，具有否定（不，無）的意思，一般加在名詞后，構(gòu)成形容詞。例如：thoughtless（欠考慮的），worthless（無價(jià)值的），

senseless（無意義的），fearless（無畏的），hopeless（絕望的）。Musicistimeless,attractingpeopleofdifferentgenerations.音樂是永恒的，吸引著不同年齡層的人。(Para.1)>Languagepoints他的佳作有一種永恒的品質(zhì)。Thereisatimelessqualitytohisbestwork.timeless柏拉圖和莎士比亞的作品一如往夕地向我們述說著他們的思想。as此處作連詞，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“按照；以……方式；像……一樣”。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗TheworksofPlatoandShakespearespeaktousnowastheydidthen.(Para.1)>Languagepointsv.tomakethingstobesold,especiallyinlargequantities生產(chǎn)；制造Thiscompanyproducesmicrochips.這家公司生產(chǎn)微芯片。produce(Para.1)>Languagepointsa.fullyorwidelyknown眾所周知的well-known是一個(gè)由“副詞+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞。“副詞/形容詞+過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞比較常用。如：kind-hearted（熱心腸的），good-looking（好看的），old-fashioned（守舊的），newly-built（新建的）。well-known(Para.1)>LanguagepointsI’mold-fashionedandIlikethepapercopy.我很守舊，我喜歡紙質(zhì)的。a.fullyorwidelyknown眾所周知的well-known是一個(gè)由“副詞+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞。“副詞/形容詞+過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞比較常用。如：kind-hearted（熱心腸的），good-looking（好看的），old-fashioned（守舊的），newly-built（新建的）。Thisgirlisgood-lookingandsmart.這個(gè)女孩又好看又聰明。well-known(Para.1)>Languagepointsv.tostartacompany,organization,system,etc.thatisintendedtoexistorcontinueforalongtime建立；設(shè)立Ourgoalistoestablishanewmusiccenterintheregion.我們的目標(biāo)是在這個(gè)地區(qū)建立一個(gè)新的音樂中心。establish(Para.2)>Languagepoints它的名字意為“建筑之家”，其使命是設(shè)計(jì)美觀、易用的實(shí)用物品。beeasytouse意思是“易于使用”。在某些“be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式表示被動(dòng)意義。在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子主語就是不定式的邏輯賓語，習(xí)慣上用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。這類形容詞常見的有amusing,awful,cheap,convenient,dangerous,difficult,easy,expensive,extraordinary,funny,hard,horrible,important,simple,splendid,strange,useful等。Thissoftwareissimpletoinstallandeasytolearn.這個(gè)軟件安裝簡單，易于學(xué)習(xí)。Itsnamemeans“houseofbuilding”,anditsmissionwastodesignpractical

objectsthatwerebeautifulandeasytouse.(Para.2)>Languagepointsn.anaimthatisveryimportanttoapersonororganization使命；天職Onemissionoftheartschoolistoprovidethehighestqualityeducationandprofessionaltrainingforstudents.藝術(shù)學(xué)院的使命之一是為學(xué)生提供最高質(zhì)量的教育和專業(yè)培訓(xùn)。mission(Para.2)>Languagepointsa.connectedwithrealsituationsratherthanwithideasortheories實(shí)際的；真實(shí)的；客觀存在的Therearesomeobviouspracticalapplicationsoftheresearch.這項(xiàng)研究有一些明顯的實(shí)際用途。

practical(Para.2)>Languagepoints許多人認(rèn)為包豪斯學(xué)院是二十世紀(jì)最具影響力的設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)。themostinfluential是形容詞最高級(jí)，意思是“最有影響力的”。英語中形容詞最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則是：在部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞的原級(jí)前加most。如：careful的最高級(jí)為mostcareful;difficult的最高級(jí)為mostdifficult。

ManyconsidertheBauhaustobethemostinfluentialdesigninstitutionofthe20thcentury.(Para.2)>LanguagepointsTodaywearegoingtotalkaboutoneofthemostinfluentialsocialscientistsofthelastcentury.今天我們要談?wù)勆蟼€(gè)世紀(jì)最有影響力的社會(huì)科學(xué)家之一。themostinfluential是形容詞最高級(jí)，意思是“最有影響力的”。英語中形容詞最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則是：在部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞的原級(jí)前加most。如：careful的最高級(jí)為mostcareful;difficult的最高級(jí)為mostdifficult。

ManyconsidertheBauhaustobethemostinfluentialdesigninstitutionofthe20thcentury.(Para.2)>LanguagepointsThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.這是我讀過的最有趣的書。許多人認(rèn)為包豪斯學(xué)院是二十世紀(jì)最具影響力的設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)。n.alargeorganizationthathasaparticularkindofworkorpurpose機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體TheEuropeanParliamentisnotaninstitutionwhichexcitesinterestinvoters.歐洲議會(huì)是個(gè)激不起選民興趣的機(jī)構(gòu)。

institution(Para.2)>LanguagepointsAlthoughtheBauhausisprobablymostwell-knownforitsbuildingdesign,

Bauhausmastersdesignedeverythingfromfurnitureandclothesto

typefacesandtablesettings.雖然包豪斯學(xué)院可能最著名的是其建筑設(shè)計(jì)，但包豪斯大師們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了從家具、服裝到印刷字體和餐桌布置的所有物品。although:conj.despitethefactthat雖然；盡管although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，通常情況下可以和though互換，不能和but聯(lián)用。Althoughthesunwasshining,itwasn’tverywarm.雖然有陽光，但并不很暖和。(Para.2)>Languagepointsn.acompletesetofequipmentforeatingwith(knife,fork,spoon,glass,etc.)foroneperson,arrangedonatable（供一人用的）一副餐具setting(Para.3)>Languagepointsaplacesetting一個(gè)座位的整套餐具n.acompletesetofequipmentforeatingwith(knife,fork,spoon,glass,etc.)foroneperson,arrangedonatable（供一人用的）一副餐具setting(Para.3)>LanguagepointsShestudiesinacollegeinacharmingmountainsetting.她在一所坐落在迷人的山區(qū)的大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。setting作名詞還有“背景；環(huán)境theplacewheresth.isorwheresth.happens,andthegeneralenvironment”的意思。togivealotofattentiontooneparticularperson,subject,orthing關(guān)注；注意Theteacherremindedhertofocusonthedetailswhenpainting.老師提醒她畫畫時(shí)要注意細(xì)節(jié)。focuson(Para.3)>Languagepoints在他們的設(shè)計(jì)中，包豪斯大師們不僅重視產(chǎn)品的外觀，也重視產(chǎn)品的功用。aswellas常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，表示“不但……而且；也；還”。它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是前一項(xiàng)，后一項(xiàng)只是順便提及，因此連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前一項(xiàng)一致。Moreadventurousdishesaswellastraditionalfavoritesareonthemenu.菜單上既有傳統(tǒng)美食，也有更大膽的菜肴。

Intheirdesigns,theBauhausmastersvaluedhowaproductworkedaswellashowitlooked.(Para.3)在高速公路上和在城市里一樣有速度限制。Therearespeedlimitsonthehighwaysaswellasinthecities.>Languagepointsn.thebasicideathataplanorsystemisbasedon原則；原理；基本的觀念principle(Para.4)>LanguagepointsTheprojectworkedontheprinciplethateachperson’sexperiencewasequallyvaluable.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的原則是每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)都是同等寶貴的。n.thebasicideathataplanorsystemisbasedon原則；原理；基本的觀念principle(Para.4)>LanguagepointsIagreewithitinprinciplebutIdoubtifitwillhappeninpractice.我原則上同意它，但我懷疑它在實(shí)踐中是否會(huì)發(fā)生。inprinciple原則上Hisfamily’shouse,theonewiththegaragewhereApplewasborn,reflected

Bauhausprinciplesofsimple,cleandesign,whichdidn’tcosttoomuch.他家的房子，就是帶有蘋果公司誕生的車庫的那座房子，體現(xiàn)了包豪斯簡單、干凈的設(shè)計(jì)原則，成本不高。此處，theonewiththegaragewhereApplewasborn是hisfamily’shouse的同位語，對(duì)其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，其中whereApplewasborn是修飾thegarage的定語從句。Mymostfamousrelativeofall,theonewhoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasSussel,mygreat-grandfather.我最著名的親戚，真正在美國留下印記的人，是我的曾祖父蘇塞爾。(Para.4)>Languagepointsn.abuildingforkeepingacarin,usuallynexttoorattachedtoahouse車庫；停車房Theyhaveturnedthegarageintoastudy.他們把車庫改建成了書房。garage(Para.4)>Languagepointsn.theartorworkofpreparingbooks,etc.forprinting,especiallyofdesigninghowtextwillappearwhenitisprinted排印；版面設(shè)計(jì)Typographyisanintegralpartofanydesign.版面設(shè)計(jì)是任何設(shè)計(jì)不可或缺的組成部分。

typography(Para.4)>Languagepointsn.aformalmeetingwherepeoplediscussimportantmatters會(huì)議Hewasaguestspeakerattheconference.他是會(huì)議的特邀演講人。conference(Para.5)>Languagepointsn.[pl.]roomsorbuildingsforpeopletolivein住所；寓所Weweremovedtomorecomfortablelivingquarters.我們搬進(jìn)了較舒適的住處。

quarters(Para.5)>Languagepointsn.sb.whosejobistodesignbuildings建筑師Thearchitectisdrawingupplansforthenewoffices.建筑師正在繪制新辦公樓的設(shè)計(jì)圖。architect(Para.5)>Languagepointsusedtosaywhatsb.orsth.isreallylike本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上Hewasaverygentleboyatheart.他本質(zhì)上是個(gè)非常溫柔的男孩。atheart(Para.5)>Languagepoints她本質(zhì)上是個(gè)非常熱情的舞者，熱愛自己的工作。Sheisatheartaveryenthusiasticdancerwholovesherjob.a.lookingorbeingalmost,butnotexactly,thesame相似的；近似similar(Para.6)>LanguagepointsThebrotherslookverysimilar.這兩兄弟長得很像。a.lookingorbeingalmost,butnotexactly,thesame相似的；近似similar(Para.6)>LanguagepointsThebasicdesignofthecarisverysimilartothatofearliermodels.這種汽車的基本設(shè)計(jì)與早期型號(hào)非常相似。besimilartosb./sth.與……相似>ExercisesComprehensionVocabularyandstructureTranslationBankedclozeOralwork>Comprehension1

Readthepassageandmatchitssixparagraphswiththeirmainideas.Paragraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5Paragraph6SteveJobswasinspiredbythedesignofaBauhausarchitect.TheproductscreatedbytheBauhausandApplearedifferentbutsimilaratheart.ThebackgroundinformationabouttheBauhausisintroduced.SteveJobswassurroundedbyBauhausideasinhisyounglife.Greatideasaretimeless.ThedesignscopeandprinciplesoftheBauhausareshown.ACDEFB>Comprehension1

TheBauhausmastersdesignedmanypracticalobjects,includingfurnitureandtypefaces.2ThehouseofSteveJobs’familywasbuiltonBauhausprinciplesofsimple,cleandesign.3

AtadesignconferenceattheAspenInstitute,SteveJobsrealizedwhathewantedforhiscomputers.4

SteveJobs’productdesignwasalsoinfluencedbytheworksofPlatoandShakespeare.TTTF2Readthepassageagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).3Readthepassageagain.Workingroupsanddiscussthequestions.1WhydomanypeopleconsidertheBauhaustobethemostinfluentialdesigninstitutionofthe20thcentury?Referenceanswers>ComprehensionBecausethemissionoftheBauhauswastodesignpracticalobjectsthatwerebeautifulandeasytouse.Bauhausmastersdesignedeverythingfromfurnitureandclothestotypefacesandtablesettings.Theyalsodidpaintingandphotography.Theywantedthefineartsandpracticalartstocometogetherandtheyfocusedontheproductasawhole.Intheirdesigns,theBauhausmastersvaluedhowaproductworkedaswellashowitlooked.ManyBauhausdesignsarestillproducednow.Theyseemasfreshtodayastheydidwhentheywerecreatedaboutacenturyago.3Readthepassageagain.Workingroupsanddiscussthequestions.2Whata