昭通一中教研聯(lián)盟2023～2024學年上學期高一年級期末質(zhì)量檢測英語（A卷）注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，請先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisprobablyJuno?A.Attheschool.B.Atamuseum.C.Athome.2.WhoinvitedMasontothefarm?A.Hisdentist.B.Hisdeskmate.C.Hisgrandpa.3.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hetookatraintrip.B.Hevisitedhisfriends.C.Hewentwindowshopping.4.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Familymembers.B.Mother’sDay.C.Housework.5.Howdoesthegirlfeel?A.Curious.B.Relaxed.C.Scared.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。5.Whatmakesthewomanhesitatetotakethejob?A.Thepay.B.Thelocation.C.Theboss.7.What’stheman’ssuggestion?A.Thinkingtwice.B.Takingtheoffer.C.Givingupthejob.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:30p.m.B.9:00p.m.C.9:30p.m.9.Whichpicturebookdidthemanreadtwodaysago?A.WolfintheSnow.B.WillytheChamp.C.WillytheDreamer.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第13四個小題。10.Whowillhostthebabyshower?A.SharonSmith.B.NaneyAnderson.C.Jeff.11.Whatisthedatefortheinvitation?A.August4th.B.September1st.C.October31st.12.Whatgiftwillthewomanprepare?A.Sometoys.B.Somebabyfood.C.Somebabyclothes.13.Whatisthemanmainlydoing?A.Sharinganinvitation.B.Explainingacustom.C.Introducingafriend.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.Whatkindofplacedoesthemanliveinnow?A.Abighouse.B.Acottage.C.Anapartment.15.Howmanyroomsarethereattheman’splace?A.Five.B.Seven.C.Eight.16.Whatdidtheman’ssondoyesterday?A.Hesweptthefloor.B.Hedidsomegardening.C.Hearrangedthefurniture.17.WhatwillthewomandonextMonday?A.Havedinnerwiththeman.B.Holdaparty.C.Movehouse.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.Wheredoesthespeakerlive?A.InSeattle.B.InRome.C.InTaa.19.WhathappenedtoMr.Calliopetwoweeksago?A.Hehad50dollarsstolen.B.Hewascheatedbyataxidriver.C.Hewascaughtinatrafficaccident.20.Whatisthepurposeofthisletter?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Tomakeplaints.C.Toexpressthanks.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHotelsWhereWildAnimalsWanderFreeCheckintooneofthesehotelswherewildanimalswanderfree,andyoucouldbesharingyourbreakfasttablewithgiraffes,relaxingpoolsidewithelephants,orviewingoutfromyourhotelroomwindowpenguins.MakanyaneSafariLodgeMadikweGameReserve,SouthAfricaLocatedwithintheMadikweGameReserve,theMakanyaneSafariLodgeoffersguestsupcloseviewsofthesurroundingbushandthewildlifethatresideswithinit.Thesuiteshavefloortoceilingglasswindowsperfectforwatchingpassingelephants,andthemainlodgeisconvenientlylocatednexttoawaterholevisitedbyavarietyofwildlife.Disney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResortOrlando,FloridaAstayatDisney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResortinOrlandowillfeelmorelikeavisittoAfricathanFlorida.Takeawalkaroundthegrounds,andyou’relikelytospotmorethan30speciesofAfricanwildlife.Thelodgeishometo200residentanimalsandbirds,includinggazelles,flamingos,zebras,andgiraffes.GiraffeManorNairobi,KenyaThishoteloutsideofNairobiletsyougetupcloseandpersonalwithRothschildgiraffes.Theoriginalplacewasbuiltin1932andhasservedasagiraffesheltersincethe1970s.Today,GiraffeManorhassixbedroomsandoffersgueststhechancetosharetheirbreakfasttablewiththeeightresidentgiraffes.Allofthehotel’sprofitsgotosupporttheAfricanFundforEndangeredWildlife.SeaLionLodgeSeaLionIsland,FalklandIslandsDespitethename,itisn’tsealionsyoushouldlookoutforhere:AgroupofGentoopenguinshasbeenknowntosetupcampnexttoSeaLionLodge,afortable3starhotelintheFalklandIslands.Asidefrompenguinspotting,thelodgeoffersexpansiveviewsoftheSouthAtlanticOceanwherenothingbutwaterseparatesyoufromAntarctica.1.Inwhichhotelcanyouviewelephantsthroughthewindows?A.MakanyaneSafariLodge. B.Disney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResort.C.GiraffeManor. D.SeaLionLodge.2.WhatisspecialaboutGiraffeManor?A.Itoffersguestsfreebreakfasts. B.Itishometovarietiesofwildlife.C.Ithasbeendoingcharityforwildlife. D.ItprovidesastaylikeavisittoAfrica.3.WhatcanpeopleseeinSeaLionLodge?A.Giraffes. B.Penguins. C.Sealions. D.Elephants.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾家可以看到野生動物自由漫步的酒店。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thesuiteshavefloortoceilingglasswindowsperfectforwatchingpassingelephants,andthemainlodgeisconvenientlylocatednexttoawaterholevisitedbyavarietyofwildlife.(套房有從地板到天花板的玻璃窗，非常適合觀看經(jīng)過的大象，主小屋位于一個水坑旁邊，方便各種野生動物參觀。)”可知，在MakanyaneSafariLodge可以透過窗戶看到大象。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Allofthehotel’sprofitsgotosupporttheAfricanFundforEndangeredWildlife.(酒店的所有利潤都將用于支持非洲瀕危野生動物基金會。)”可知，長頸鹿莊園的特別之處是它一直為野生動物做慈善。故選C。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Asidefrompenguinspotting,thelodgeoffersexpansiveviewsoftheSouthAtlanticOceanwherenothingbutwaterseparatesyoufromAntarctica.(除了看到企鵝，小屋還提供廣闊的南大西洋景色，在那里，只有水將你與南極洲分開。)”可知，人們在海獅旅館可以看到企鵝。故選B。BJonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,“forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable”.The64yearoldplaywrightisnotwellknownoutsidehishomecountryofNorway.Buttheauthorisinternationallycelebratedinliterarycirclesandhasbeencalled“themostproducedlivingplaywright”.FossegrewuponaruralfarmnearStrandebarm,Norway,wherehisgrandparentslivedinonehousewhilehe,hisparents,andtwosisterslivedinanother.HisfatherworkedasamanagerofStrandebarmCooperative,alocalgrocerystore,andhismotherwasacaregiver.Fossestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyricsandlatertryingpoems.In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend.Thatsameyearhebecameafather,andthefollowingyearhemarriedthemotherofhischild.Inthenextdecadeshemarriedtwicemoreandhadfiveadditionalchildren.Meanwhile,throughoutthe1980shestudiedattheUniversityofBergen,receivingaMasterofArtinparativeliteraturein1987.Alsoduringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Black,whosetopicissuicide,andStringedGuitar,aboutamotherinadifficultsituationafterlockingherselfoutofherhousewhereshehasleftherbaby.Theplaywrightbeganasanovelist,anddidnotbreakthroughasatheaterwriteruntilhewasinhis40s.Hisinternationalreputationasaplaywrightwasconfirmedin1998,withaParisproductionofhisfirstplaySomeoneIsGoingtoe,whichhadbeenwrittenin1992.Sincethen,hisworkhasbeenperformedinmorethan60countriesaroundtheworld,accordingtohistranslator,AnnHenningJocelyn.Accordingtohispublisher,Fosse’sworkhasbeentranslatedintomorethan40languages,andtherehavebeenmorethan1,000differentproductionsofhisplays.4.WhendidJonFossegetmarriedtohisfirstwife?A.In1979. B.In1980. C.In1981. D.In1987.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutJonFosse?A.Hestartedwritingin1979.B.HisfirstnovelisSomeoneIsGoingtoe.C.Hegainedinternationalpopularityasaplaywright.D.Heworkedasatheaterwriterwhenhewasinhis30s.6.What’sthebestwordtodescribeJonFosse?A.Talentedandproductive. B.Positiveandordinary.C.Hardworkingandconsiderate. D.Imaginativeandselfish.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JonFosseandHisNovelsB.JonFosseandHisAwardsC.JonFosse:TheGreatestNorwegianWriterD.JonFosse:Wins2023NobelPrizeforLiterature【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了2023年諾貝爾文學獎得主JonFosse的事跡。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend.Thatsameyearhebecameafather,andthefollowingyearhemarriedthemotherofhischild.(1979年，F(xiàn)osse高中畢業(yè)，搬到卑爾根，在那里他開始為《古拉潮汐報》工作。同年，他當了父親，第二年，他娶了孩子的母親)”可知，JonFosse1980年和他的第一任妻子結(jié)婚的。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段中“Hisinternationalreputationasaplaywrightwasconfirmedin1998,withaParisproductionofhisfirstplaySomeoneIsGoingtoe,whichhadbeenwrittenin1992.(1998年，他創(chuàng)作于1992年的第一部戲劇《有人要來了》在巴黎上演，從而確立了他作為劇作家的國際聲譽)”可知，作為劇作家，JonFosse獲得了國際聲望。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“JonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,‘forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable’.(JonFosse獲得2023年諾貝爾文學獎，‘因為他創(chuàng)新的戲劇和散文為不可言說的事情發(fā)聲’。)”和“Buttheauthorisinternationallycelebratedinliterarycirclesandhasbeencalled‘themostproducedlivingplaywright’.(但他在國際文壇享有盛譽，被稱為‘在世作品最多的劇作家’)”可知，JonFosse是極有才華的多產(chǎn)作家。從而推知，他才華橫溢，工作效率高。故選A項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“JonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,‘forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable’.(JonFosse獲得2023年諾貝爾文學獎，‘因為他創(chuàng)新的戲劇和散文為不可言說的事情發(fā)聲’。)”可知，本文主要報道了2023年諾貝爾文學獎得主JonFosse的事跡。D“JonFosse：獲得2023年諾貝爾文學獎”符合主題，適合做標題，故選D項。CHaveyoueverfoundyourselfinasituationwhereyou’retalkingtosomeonebuttheykeeplookingattheirphone?Thisiscalled“phubbing”—amixofthewords“phone”and“snubbing”,whichistheactofignoringsomeoneinfavorofthephone.Itcanhappeninanyconversation—whetherit’swithafriend,familymember,orevenabusinessassociate.Whensomeoneis“phubbing”,they’reusingtheirphonetolookthroughtheonlinenews,checkmessages,playgamesandsoon,insteadoffocusingontheconversationorspendingtimewiththepeoplethey’rewith.Thewordwasfirstusedbackin2012,whenfewerpeoplehadsmartphones.Andnowthatmostpeoplehavesmartphones,phubbingisamonproblem.Mostpeoplewouldagreethatit’srudetobefocusedonyourphonewhenyou’respendingtimewithanotherperson.TheexpertWilliamHansonthinksso,too.“Phubbingisanono!”hesays.“Ifyouhaveplannedtogooutwithfriends,focusonthemandnotyourfriendsonyourphone.”Studieshavefoundthatphubbingcandamageyourrelationshipswithothers.Eyecontactissuperimportantinbondinganddevelopingoxytocin,thechemicalthatbuildstrustandconnection.Alackofeyecontactduetophubbingcanmakepeoplefeellikeyoudon’tcareaboutthemorvaluetheirtime.Phubbingcanmakepeoplefeeldisregarded,andthosewho“phub”arethoughtofaslesspoliteandcaring.Sosciencehasshownthatphubbingisnotgoodforus—butwhydowedoit?Itmightbebecausewearefeelingbored,worriedorstressed.Oritmightbebecauseweareaddictedtocheckingourphones,especiallysocialmedia.Whateverthereasonmaybe,phubbingisabadhabitandcanmakeusmissoutonrealmomentswiththepeoplearoundus.Sothenexttimeyou’respendingtimewithafriendorfamilymember,tryandkeepyourphoneoutofsight!8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phubbingdatesfrom2012.B.Phubbingmeansusingphonewhennecessary.C.Phubbingonlyhappensinbusinessassociates.D.Phubbingistheactoffocusingonpeopleinsteadofphones.9.WhichofthefollowingstateswouldWilliamHansonagreewith?A.Phubbingwouldbenefitrelationship.B.Itispolitetophubwhenmeetingfriends.C.Peopledon’tneedeyecontacttoshowtheircaring.D.Phoneshouldbeputasidewhentheymeettheirfriends.10.WhichisNOTareasonforpeople’sphubbingaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyarebored. B.Theythinkitafashiontophub.C.Theyareaddictedtotheirphones. D.Theywanttochecktheirsocialmedia.11.Whatdoestheunderlineword“disregarded”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Concerned. B.Protested. C.Focused. D.Ignored.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。phubbing意為“低頭癥”，是phone()和snubbing(怠慢)兩個詞的合成詞，指的是因為使用而忽略了其他人的行為。文章對此進行了介紹。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thewordwasfirstusedbackin2012,whenfewerpeoplehadsmartphones.(這個詞最早出現(xiàn)在2012年，當時擁有智能的人還比較少。)”可知，“低頭癥”這個詞始于2012年。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句和第四句“Mostpeoplewouldagreethatit’srudetobefocusedonyourphonewhenyou’respendingtimewithanotherperson.TheexpertWilliamHansonthinksso,too.(大多數(shù)人都會認同，當你和另一個人在一起的時候，專注于你的是不禮貌的。專家威廉·漢森也這么認為。)”可知，威廉·漢森會認為和朋友見面時應(yīng)該把放在一邊。故選D。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句和第四句“Itmightbebecausewearefeelingbored,worriedorstressed.Oritmightbebecauseweareaddictedtocheckingourphones,especiallysocialmedia.(這可能是因為我們感到無聊、擔心或有壓力。也可能是因為我們沉迷于查看，尤其是社交媒體。)”可知，低頭癥的原因不包括人們認為低頭是一種時尚。故選B。【11題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“andthosewho“phub”arethoughtofaslesspoliteandcaring(而那些“低頭”的人則被認為沒有禮貌、不關(guān)心他人)”可知，此處是指“低頭癥”會讓人們覺得被忽視，所以disregarded意為“被忽視的”。故選D。DKidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.That’saccordingtoanewresearchpublishedinJAMANetworkOpen,inMay.Kidswhoparticipatedinmunityservicewere34%morelikelytobeinverygoodphysicalhealththanthosewhodidn’tparticipate,thestudyfound.Andthosewhovolunteeredwere66%morelikelytobeconsidereddoingwellingeneral.Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.Abouthalfofthoseparentsreportedthattheirkidsdidvolunteerwork.StudieslikethishavelimitationsParentsansweredquestionsabouttheirkids’healthandmunityserviceactivity.Butaparentmightnotknowiftheirchildexperiencesanxietyorconsidersthemselvestobedoingwellingeneral.Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.Butthedataesatanimportanttimeforyouthmentalhealth.Inrecentyears,ratesofdepressionandanxietyhaverisenamongyoungpeople.Morethan40%ofhighschoolstudentsreportedexperiencingfeelingsofsadnessorhopelessness.Sothere’saclearneedforaccessibleandeffectivementalhealthresources.Givingbacktothemunitymaybeonesuchresource.Andthisstudyisn’ttheonlyonetoreachthatconclusion.Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.12.HowmanykidsintheUSwhovolunteeredwerelesslikelytobeanxious?A.12,500. B.17,000. C.33,000. D.50,000.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Healthypeoplearelesslikelytovolunteer.B.Volunteeringsurelyleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.C.Parentsknowtheirkids’mentalandphysicalhealthverywell.D.Thereisarelationshipbetweenhealthandmunityserviceactivity.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therearevariousmentalhealthresources.B.Peopleofallageswillservethemunity.C.Servingthemunitywillbenefitmentalhealth.D.Highschoolstudentsaresufferingmentalhealthproblems.15.Whichproverbbestmatchesthearticle?A.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.B.Theroseisinherhand,theflavorinmine.C.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.D.Treatotherpeopleasyouhopetheywilltreatyou.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活動，他們的身心健康水平更高，雖然該研究有其局限性，但就目前年輕人患抑郁癥和焦慮癥的比例有所上升的情況來看，投身志愿活動不失為解決該問題的一種有效方法。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.(參加志愿者活動的12歲及以上的孩子比沒有參加的同齡人患焦慮癥的可能性低25%。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)來自美國5萬名6至17歲兒童的父母提供的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù))”可知，在美國，約有12500名（=50000×25%）做志愿者的孩子不太容易焦慮。故選A項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.(這種類型的數(shù)據(jù)也不能證明因果關(guān)系。它只能揭示聯(lián)系。因此，不能肯定地說志愿活動能帶來更好的心理和身體健康。這可能是因為身體健康的人更有可能有精力或意愿去做志愿者)”可推知，雖然志愿活動和心理和身體健康之間的因果關(guān)系尚不能確定，但是兩者之間的確是有聯(lián)系的。故選D項。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是其中的“Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.(之前的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)了志愿者活動與成年人幸福感之間的聯(lián)系。為社區(qū)服務(wù)似乎能讓人們有一種使命感。這讓他們覺得自己與周圍的人有聯(lián)系。慷慨也被證明能提升幸福感和改善身體健康。這可能是一個值得做的實踐)”可知，本段主要結(jié)合目前年輕人患抑郁癥和焦慮癥的比例有所上升的背景，對做社區(qū)志愿服務(wù)的意義進行了補充說明，表明這種服務(wù)的確可以賦予人們幸福感、使命感、與他人的聯(lián)系，改善人們的健康。因此，本段主要是揭示為社區(qū)服務(wù)將有利于心理健康。故選C項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Kidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.(做志愿者的孩子和青少年不僅僅是在幫助他們的社區(qū)。他們也可能是在幫助自己)”可知，文章圍繞一項調(diào)查研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)展開，主要介紹了其發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容：做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活動，他們的身心健康水平更高，同時指出了該研究的局限性和意義。因此，B項“贈人玫瑰，手留余香”最契合該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。A.最后的勝利才是真正的勝利；C.千里之行，始于足下；D.己所不欲，勿施于人。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Selfdisciplineistheabilitytocontrolyourbehaviorinawaythatleadsyoutobemoreproductiveandhavebetterhabits.Whetheryouaretryingtostudyforatest,loseweight,orkickabadhabit,selfdisciplinealwaysplaysapart.Wonderinghowtodevelopit?Herearesometipsforyou.____16____Figuringoutwhatdoesanddoesnotworkforyouiskeytounderstandinghowtobemoreselfdisciplined.Somepeoplesucceedwhenworkingaroundothers,whileothersdobetterworkingalone.Somepeoplearemotivatedbyrewards,whileotherspreferconsequencestokeeptheminline.ShareyourgoalswithsomeoneTellingyourgoalstopeopleyourespectisdirectlyrelatedtoabetterchanceofachievingthem.Youcansimplyletyourfriendsknowthatyouhavedecidedtoworkonyourselfdisciplineingeneral,oryoucansharesomeofyourgoalswiththem.____17____.StartsmallDon’tbeginyourdailyworkwithselfdisciplinebytryingtoachievesomethinghuge.____18____.Instead,workondaily,weekly,andmonthlygoals.Youjustneedtomakesurethattheyaremovingyouintherightdirection.Forgiveyourself____19____.Weallmakemistakes,andthat’sokay!Whenyoubehaveinawaythatcannotrealizeyourpursuitofselfdiscipline,forgiveyourself.____20____.Andifpossible,changeyourenvironmentsothatitdoesn’thappenagain.A.FindapartnerB.RecognizehowyoustruggleC.SelfdisciplinerequireslotsofeffortD.ReviewwhyandwherethingswentwrongE.TheactwillhelpyouachievethemmoreeasilyF.Weareallhumans,soperfectionisn’tpossibleGThiswilltaketoomuchtimetokeepyouontrack【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章關(guān)于怎樣培養(yǎng)自律給出了一些建議。【16題詳解】下文“Figuringoutwhatdoesanddoesnotworkforyouiskeytounderstandinghowtobemoreselfdisciplined.Somepeoplesucceedwhenworkingaroundothers,whileothersdobetterworkingalone.Somepeoplearemotivatedbyrewards,whileotherspreferconsequencestokeeptheminline.(弄清楚什么對你有用，什么對你沒用，是了解如何更加自律的關(guān)鍵。有些人在和別人一起工作時很成功，而有些人獨自工作時做得更好。有些人受到獎勵的激勵，而另一些人則更喜歡結(jié)果，以使他們保持一致)”說明要了解不同的情況，認識到自己應(yīng)該采用什么方式如何去做。選項B“認識到你是如何努力的”概括本段大意，適合做小標題。故選B項。【17題詳解】上文“Tellingyourgoalstopeopleyourespectisdirectlyrelatedtoabetterchanceofachievingthem.Youcansimplyletyourfriendsknowthatyouhavedecidedtoworkonyourselfdisciplineingeneral,oryoucansharesomeofyourgoalswiththem.(把你的目標告訴你所尊敬的人，這直接關(guān)系到實現(xiàn)目標的更好機會。你可以簡單地讓你的朋友知道你已經(jīng)決定在你的自律工作，或者你可以和他們分享你的一些目標)”具體說明了怎樣和別人分享自己的目標，選項E“這一行為將幫助你更容易地實現(xiàn)它們”承接上文，是上文行動的結(jié)果。故選E項。【18題詳解】上文“Don’tbeginyourdailyworkwithselfdisciplinebytryingtoachievesomethinghuge.(不要在開始你的日常工作時就想要實現(xiàn)一些巨大的目標)”說明不能目標太巨大，選項G“這將花費你太多的時間來保持正軌”承接上文，和上文之間存在因果關(guān)系，因為目標太大，所以花費太多時間。選項中This指上文中toachievesomethinghuge，故選G項。【19題詳解】下文“Weallmakemistakes,andthat’sokay!(我們都會犯錯誤，沒關(guān)系！)”說明人無完人，選項F“我們都是人，所以完美是不可能的”引領(lǐng)下文，說明我們是人，不是完美的。故選F項。【20題詳解】下文“Andifpossible,changeyourenvironmentsothatitdoesn’thappenagain.(如果可能的話，改變你的環(huán)境，這樣就不會再發(fā)生了)”說明改變原來環(huán)境，錯誤就不會發(fā)生了，選項D“回顧出問題的原因和地方”引領(lǐng)下文，和下文存在因果關(guān)系，找出錯誤原因，改正，錯誤就不會再發(fā)生了。故選D項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Since2009,asmallarmyof____21____inthePalaceMuseumhavebeenreceivingglobalsocialmediaattention.Thesehairyguardsare____22____insidethemuseumwalls.Thepurposeistodefendwoodenstructuresand____23____relicsagainstmice.IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023to____24____thehistoryofQingDynasty.IstayedinasmallhotelinoneofBeijin’shutongareasforawholemonth.Ittookmea20minutewalktothe____25____everymorning.Before____26____toBeijing,IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitselfandmanagedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats.Iwas____27____tospotatleastoneofthemduringmystaythere.Inthethirdweek,____28____Iwaswalkingthroughthewesterngates,Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecatsonthecornerofaporchinfrontofanoffice.I____29____thefurryguardsinChinese,“Hi!Kitties!”Thecatsignoredme,_____30_____totakearestintheshadenexttotheirwhitepaintedcathouses.I_____31_____threemorecatsinsidethebamboogardenoftheemployees’exercisegrounds.Itwasn’tuntilmylastweekinBeijingthatI_____32_____gottopetone.Theslightlyfatfurrycatlookedlikethereal“boss”ofthepalaceashemadehiswayovertome,staringwithhissharpyellowandblueeyesandletting_____33_____short,loudmeowsdemandingattention.Hewasveryfriendlyand_____34_____tobescratchedbehindtheearandevengivenabellyrub.Forthosecat_____35_____planningontakingatriptoChina’scapital,theseabsolutelyadorablesecurityguardsaredefinitelyworthspendingadayinthepalacelookingfor.21.A.dogs B.researchers C.cats D.volunteers22.A.allowed B.changed C.moved D.hidden23.A.personal B.fortable C.specific D.priceless24.A.revive B.research C.organize D.symbolize25.A.museum B.temple C.capital D.republic26.A.lookingforward B.gettingback C.settingout D.givingup27.A.frightened B.disappointed C.determined D.shocked28.A.though B.since C.unless D.as29.A.greeted B.begged C.supplied D.contacted30.A.applying B.preferring C.requesting D.pretending31.A.rescued B.protected C.buried D.spotted32.A.finally B.basically C.equally D.seriously33.A.in B.down C.out D.up34.A.anxious B.confident C.embarrassed D.content35.A.controllers B.lovers C.owners D.experts【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在去參觀故宮博物院做研究期間，特地留心博物館里的貓，和它們打招呼，并且最終成功摸到一只貓的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自2009年以來，故宮博物院的一小群貓一直受到全球社交媒體的關(guān)注。A.dogs狗；B.researchers研究人員；C.cats貓；D.volunteers志愿者。根據(jù)下文“managedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats”可知，吸引媒體關(guān)注的是故宮博物院的一小群貓。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些毛茸茸的警衛(wèi)是允許待在博物館里的。A.allowed允許；B.changed改變；C.moved移動；D.hidden隱藏。根據(jù)下文“Thepurposeistodefendwoodenstructuresand____3____relicsagainstmice.”可知，這些貓是用來防范老鼠，起到保護作用的，因此是被允許待在博物館里。故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：目的是保護木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑和無價的文物不受老鼠的傷害。A.personal個人的；B.fortable舒適的；C.specific具體的；D.priceless無價的。根據(jù)上文“thePalaceMuseum”和下文“relics”可知，故宮博物院里的文物應(yīng)該是無價的。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在2023年夏天參觀了故宮博物院，研究清朝的歷史。A.revive復(fù)興；B.research研究；C.organize組織；D.symbolize象征。根據(jù)下文“IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitself”可知，作者提前對故宮博物院本身的歷史做了一些背景研究，因此是來研究清朝的歷史。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天早上都要步行20分鐘去博物館。A.museum博物館；B.temple寺廟；C.capital首都；D.republic共和國。根據(jù)上文“IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023to____4____thehistoryofQingDynasty.”可知，作者此行是為了參觀故宮博物院做研究，因此是步行去博物館。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在出發(fā)來北京之前，我已經(jīng)對故宮博物院本身的歷史做了一些背景研究，并設(shè)法讀了一篇關(guān)于著名的宮貓的文章。A.lookingforward期待；B.gettingback返回；C.settingout出發(fā)；D.givingup放棄。根據(jù)上文“IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023”可知，作者是從其他地方來參觀故宮博物院的，再結(jié)合下文“IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitselfandmanagedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats.”可推知，他是在出發(fā)來北京前做了一些功課。故選C。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我決心在那里逗留期間，至少要發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的一個。A.frightened害怕的；B.disappointed失望的；C.determined決心的；D.shocked震驚的。根據(jù)下文敘述的作者對發(fā)現(xiàn)貓非常驚喜，熱情地打招呼，還去摸貓可推知，作者喜歡貓，決心發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一只貓，固定短語bedeterminedtodo意為“決心做某事”。故選C。28題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：第三周，當我走過西門時，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一間辦公室前門廊的角落里，有三只貓，不是一只，也不是兩只。A.though雖然；B.since因為；C.unless除非；D.as當……時。根據(jù)下文“Iwaswalkingthroughthewesterngates,Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecatsonthecornerofaporchinfrontofanoffice”可推知，此處描述作者發(fā)現(xiàn)貓時的情況，應(yīng)該是在作者走過西門時發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們，as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我用中文跟這些毛茸茸的警衛(wèi)打招呼：“嗨！小貓！”A.greeted和……打招呼；B.begged懇求；C.supplied供應(yīng)；D.contacted聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“Hi!Kitties!”可知，作者是在和貓打招呼。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些貓不理我，更喜歡在它們漆成白色的貓屋旁邊的陰涼處休息。A.applying申請；B.preferring更喜歡；C.requesting請求；D.pretending假裝。根據(jù)上文“Thecatsignoredme”和下文“totakearestintheshadenexttotheirwhitepaintedcathouses”可推知，這些忽略作者的貓應(yīng)該是更喜歡待在自己屋子旁的陰涼處休息。故選B。31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在員工運動場的竹園里又發(fā)現(xiàn)了三只貓。A.rescued救助；B.protected保護；C.buried埋葬；D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecats”和下文“threemorecats”可推知，此處是呼應(yīng)上文，表示作者又發(fā)現(xiàn)了三只貓，spotted在上文有同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：直到我在北京的最后一周，我才最終摸到了一只。A.finally最終；B.basically基本上；C.equally平等地；D.seriously認真地。根據(jù)上文“I____9____thefurryguardsinChinese,“Hi!Kitties!”Thecatsignoredme”可知，作者想親近貓，但是被忽視了，再結(jié)合下文“gottopetone”可推知，此處指作者最終得償所愿，摸到了一只貓。故選A。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這只略胖的毛茸茸的貓朝我走來，看起來就像宮殿里真正的“老板”，他那雙銳利的黃藍色的眼睛盯著我，發(fā)出短促而響亮的喵喵聲，要求我注意它。A.(let)in允許進入；B.(let)down辜負；C.(let)out發(fā)出；D.(let)up減弱。根據(jù)下文“short,loudmeows”可推知，這只貓發(fā)出了短促而響亮的喵喵聲。故選C。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他非常友好，很滿足于被撓撓耳后，甚至被揉了揉肚子。A.anxious焦慮的；B.confident自信的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.content滿足的。根據(jù)上文“Hewasveryfriendly”可知，這只貓很友好，由此推知，他會很滿足于被撓撓耳后、揉肚子。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于那些計劃去中國首都旅行的愛貓人士來說，這些絕對可愛的警衛(wèi)絕對值得花一天時間在