PAGEUnit3EnvironmentalProtectionSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguageⅠ.核心詞匯及拓展1．________n.流域；盆地；盆2．________n.企鵝3．________vt.使生效；貫徹；執行4．________adj.適度的；中等的；溫柔的vi.&vt.緩和；使適中5．________adj.熱帶的；來自熱帶的6．________n.(熱帶)叢林；密林7．________vt.(過去式__________，過去分詞________)經驗；經受(變更、不快等)8．________adj.每年的，一年的，n.年刊；年鑒→________adv.每年9．________vi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造n.改革；變革；改良10．________n.混亂；雜亂；紊亂11．________adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的12．________adj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的Ⅱ.核心詞匯講解1．insearchof找尋；尋求?Shewentintothekitcheninsearchofadrink.她進了廚房，想找點喝的。?Therescueworkerswereworkinghardinsearchofthosesurvivorsintheflood.救援人員正努力找尋洪水中的那些生還者。[歸納拓展]“in＋n.＋of”型的其他短語：inpraiseof贊揚，歌頌inpossessionof擁有infavourof支持，贊同inchargeof負責，管理inneedof須要inmemoryof為紀念，為追悼inhonourof...為向……表示敬意[即學即練]用“in＋n.＋of”型短語完成句子①Thevillagersinpollutedareaswalkverylongdistances____________cleanwatereveryday.②Myparentsaren't____________megoingabroadforeducation,fearingthatI'mtooyoungtotakecareofmyself.③Themeetingstartedwiththreeminutes'silence__________thosewhohaddiedintheearthquake.④Themanagerisnow____________acapableassistantthathecancountontocopewithproblemsinhisabsence.⑤Thepersonwhois____________thefactoryhasbeeninhospitalsincelastweek.[名師點津]insearchof短語中search前不加任何修飾詞。2．onbehalfof代表(或代替某人)；為了(某人)；為幫助(某人)?OnbehalfofmycompanyIwouldliketothankyouall.我謹代表我的公司向你們全部人表示感謝。?I'mverygladtoputonaperformancehereonbehalfofourschool.我很興奮在這里代表我們學校進行演出。?Shegaveapianorecitalonbehalfofacharity.她為幫助一個慈善機構舉辦了一場鋼琴演奏會。?Theycampaignedonbehalfofthevictimsofthewar.他們為這場斗爭的受害者發起了運動。[即學即練]完成句子我代表這里的每個人祝福你歸國途中一切順當。____________everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneywhenyougobacktoyourcountry.[聯想拓展]onbehalfof和represent都可以表示“代表”，前者是短語介詞，后者是動詞。

DiscoverUsefulStructuresGrammar——干脆引語變間接引語誦讀下列例句并感知畫線部分的共性。1．Shesaidtome,“Icamebackanhourago.”2．Hesaid(that)hewantedtobuyadictionary.3．Hetoldme(that)helikedEnglishverymuch.4．Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight？”5．“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven'tyou？”mymotherasked.6．“Whatdoyouwanttoeattonight？”heaskedme.7．SheaskedmewhenIwouldgothereandhelpher.[共性呈現]1．句1、4、5、6中，畫線部分均放在了引號內部，為干脆引語。2．句2、3、7中，畫線部分均為賓語從句，沒有運用引號為間接引語。[語法精釋]干脆引語變間接引語(陳述句和疑問句)1．干脆引語和間接引語引用或轉述別人說的話時有兩種方法：干脆引述別人的原話，叫作干脆引語(directspeech)。用自己的話轉述別人的話，叫作間接引語(indirectspeech)。一般來講，干脆引語前后要加引號；間接引語不用加引號，常用賓語從句來表達。Hesaid,“I'mastudent.”(干脆引語)→Hesaidthathewasastudent.(間接引語)2．干脆引語變為間接引語時句子結構的變更(1)干脆引語為陳述句干脆引語假如是陳述句，變為間接引語時用連接詞that引導(that在口語中常省去)，that從句之前常用say，tell等引述動詞。Hesaid,“Myfathernevertalksmuchaboutthewar.”→Hesaidthathisfathernevertalkedmuchaboutthewar.(2)干脆引語為一般疑問句或反意疑問句干脆引語假如是一般疑問句或反意疑問句，變為間接引語時用連接詞whether或if引導，常用的引述動詞(短語)為ask，wonder,wanttoknow等。語序是陳述句的語序，這一點特別重要。?Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithyourpronunciation？”→Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.?Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou？”→Heaskedwhether/ifIwasinterestedinEnglish.(3)干脆引語為選擇疑問句干脆引語假如是選擇疑問句，變為間接引語時用連接詞whether或if引導。但句中出現ornot時，只能用whether。Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench？”→Heaskedmewhether/ifIspokeEnglishorFrench.(4)干脆引語為特殊疑問句干脆引語假如是特殊疑問句，變為間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的引導詞，常用的引述動詞(短語)為ask，wonder，wanttoknow等。疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。Heasked,“What'syourname？”→Heasked(me)whatmynamewas.[即學即練1]把下列干脆引語變為間接引語①“Iamhavingbreakfast，”hesaid.→Hesaidthat________________havingbreakfast.②“I'veseentheplay，”Ginasaidtome.→Gina________methatshe________________theplay.③Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”→Theteachersaidthatthesun________biggerthantheearth.④“Imetheryesterday，”hesaidtome.→Hetoldmethathe________methertheday________.⑤“Youcancomeherebeforeeight，”hesaid.→HesaidthatI________go________beforeeight.⑥“Didyoureadthebooklastweek？”hesaid.→He________________Ihadreadthebooktheweek________.⑦Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Tom.”→He________Tomthathe________sitthere.⑧Heasked,“Howdidyoufindthelostnecklace,mother？”→Heaskedhismother________________foundthelostnecklace.⑨“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays？”heasked.→Heaskedme________________been________days.⑩“Doyouknowwhereshelives？”heasked.→Heasked________________knewwhereshe________.?HeaskedTome，“Whenwillyoubuytheredcoat？”→HeaskedTom________________buytheredcoat.?“What'swrongwithyou？”Lilyaskedme.→Lilyaskedme________________with________.

3.干脆引語變為間接引語時，人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞等都要發生相應的變更(1)人稱的變更規則：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。干脆引語間接引語例句引述內容中的第一人稱與主句主語的人稱保持一樣Hesays，“Ilikemathsverymuch.”→Hesaysthathelikesmathsverymuch.引述內容中的其次人稱與主句賓語的人稱保持一樣HesaidtoLily，“Youmustgetupearly.”→HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.引述內容中的第三人稱保持不變Shesaidtome，“Theywanttohelphim.”→Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.(2)時態的變更規則主現從不限；主過從四過(即4種過去的時態：一般過去時；過去進行時；過去將來時；過去完成時)；客觀真理，只用一般現在時。①主句是一般現在時，從句可保留原時態(隨意時態均可)。②主句是過去時態，從句用相應的過去時態。即一般現在時改成一般過去時；現在進行時改成過去進行時；一般將來時改成過去將來時；一般過去時、現在完成時用過去完成時；過去完成時不變。Hesaid，“Hehasgonehome.”→Hesaidthathehadgonehome.③主句是過去時態，從句講解并描述客觀真理時，從句仍用一般現在時。Ourteachertoldus，“Themoonmovesroundtheearth.”→Ourteachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.(3)指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和個別動詞的變更干脆引語間接引語指示代詞thisthesethatthose時間狀語nowtodaytonightthisweekyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdaylastweekthreedaysagotomorrownextweekthenthatdaythatnightthatweekthedaybeforetwodaysbeforetheweekbeforethreedaysbeforethenextday/thefollowingdaythenextweek/thefollowingweek地點狀語herethere動詞comebringgotake特殊留意干脆引語變為間接引語后，引述的話不用變更語序的狀況有：,①當who為主語時，變為間接引語后語序為：who＋謂語＋其他。,②Whatisthematterwith...？和Whatiswrongwith...？,句式在間接引語中不變更語序。,Heaskedme，“Whatisthematterwithyou？”,→Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.4．引述動詞干脆引語為祈使句，變成間接引語時，要依據句意及說話人語氣運用ask,order,tell,suggest,advise,beg,request,command,warn,remind等動詞轉述。①“Makesurethelightisoff，”shesaidtoherstudents.→Shetoldherstudentstomakesurethelightwasoff.②“Don'tcryanymore，”hesaidtohislittlebrother.→Heaskedhislittlebrothernottocryanymore.5．句式變更(1)干脆引語為Do型祈使句干脆引語中引述的原話為Do型祈使句，變為間接引語時，用“引述動詞＋sb.＋to＋原祈使句內容”。常用的引述動詞有ask，tell，order，command等。“Tom,stopplayingcomputergames！”saidMother.→MotherorderedTomtostopplayingcomputergames.(2)干脆引語為Don't型祈使句干脆引語中引述的原話為Don't型祈使句，變為間接引語時，用“引述動詞＋sb.＋not＋to＋去掉Don't的原祈使句內容”。常用的引述動詞有tell，warn，remind等。①Theteachersaid,“Don'tbelateagain,Lily.”→TheteachertoldLilynottobelateagain.②Tomsaid,“Don'tforgettobringthebooktome.”→Tomremindedmenottoforgettobringthebooktohim.(3)干脆引語為Let's型祈使句干脆引語中引述的原話為Let's型祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest＋動名詞短語/that從句”或“advise＋sb.＋不定式短語/advise＋that從句”。Hesaid,“Let'sgotothetheatre.”→Hesuggestedgoingtothetheatre./Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothetheatre.特殊留意suggest(建議)和demand(要求)不能接sb.todosth.的結構，可以接thatsb.(should)dosth.來轉述。干脆引語表示建議或勸說干脆引語中引述的原話為Wouldyoumind...?/Whydon'tyou...？/Whynot...?/Shallwe…？等表示建議、提議或勸說的句子，變為間接引語時，通常用ask/advisesb.todosth.,offertodosth.,suggestdoingsth.或suggest＋thatsb.(should)dosth.等。①“Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow？”heasked.→Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.②“Whydon'tyoutakeawalkaftersupper？”heasked.→Headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.③“Shallwelistentothemusic？”heasked.→Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic./Hesuggestedthatwe(should)listentothemusic.6．其他變更引述原話為祈使句的干脆引語轉換成間接引語時，人稱、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等的變更依據干脆引語是陳述句時轉換成間接引語的方法進行相應變更。同時，干脆引語中假如有please，間接引語中須要省去。TheoldmansaidtoLily,“Pleasereadthelettertome.”→TheoldmanaskedLilytoreadthelettertohim.[即學即練2]將干脆引語轉換成間接引語①“Shallwegotothecinematonight？”askedMichael.→________________________________________________________________________②“Whatabouthavingadrink？”heasked.→________________________________________________________________________③“Whydon'tyougoswimming？”askedJames.→________________________________________________________________________④Hesaid,“Wouldyoulikemetoposttheletter？”→________________________________________________________________________⑤“Willyoupleasebringyourreferencebookheretomorrow？”shesaidtome.→________________________________________________________________________⑥“Let'sgoforawalk，”saidthegirl.→________________________________________________________________________⑦“Don'tforgettoturnoffthelight，”saidourmonitor.→________________________________________________________________________⑧Thepolicemansaidtothethief,“Freeze！”→________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ.單詞拼法(用本部分所學單詞)1．Theriver________(流域)ishometothisrarespeciesoffish.2．Chinahasbeenpushingforwardwiththe________(改革)ofthewelfaresystemforthebenefitofallitscitizens.3．Asisknowntoall，abalanceddietand________(適度的)exerciseeverydayarebeneficialtohealth.4．ThepastweekmarkedChina'ssixth________(每年的)CybersecurityWeekheldfromSept.16to22nationwide.5．Vaccinedevelopmenttakesmonthsandevenyearsbecausethevaccinesmust________(經驗)extensivetesting.6．Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercanwebedevotedtobuildinga________(和諧的)society.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Thereportonthehealthservicewassubmitted________thecommittee.2．Theyhavebeenworkinghardfordaysinsearch________abetterwaytosolvetheproblem.3．Plantsandanimalsaresensitive________changesinthechemistryoftheenvironment.4．Johnacceptedtheawardonbehalf________thewholeteam.Ⅲ.將下列干脆引語變為間接引語1．Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”→________________________________________________________________________2．Heasked,“Whereareyoutogetoff,John？”→________________________________________________________________________3．“Youareadoctor,aren'tyou？”hesaid.→________________________________________________________________________4．Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyoulikethefilm？”→________________________________________________________________________5．Shesaid,“DidyouwonderwhyIdidn'tcome？”→________________________________________________________________________6．Hesaidtome,“Whowillbringyoutotheoffice？”→________________________________________________________________________7．Shesaidtome,“Youwenttothepartylastnight,didn'tyou？”→________________________________________________________________________8．Momsaidtome,“Willyoufirsthavesupperorfinishyourhomework？”→________________________________________________________________________9．“Pleaseopenthewindow，”theteachersaidtoLiMing.→________________________________________________________________________10．“Don'tplaygamesintheclassroom，”themonitorsaidtous.→________________________________________________________________________11．Heasked,“Canyoudance,Rose？”→________________________________________________________________________12．Sheaskedme,“Whendoyourparentshavetheirbreakfast？”→________________________________________________________________________13．Lucysaid,“Iwillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesestudentswiththeirphysics.”→________________________________________________________________________14．Sophiasaid,“Factsspeaklouderthanwords.”→________________________________________________________________________15．Hesaid,“Let'sleavetheluggageatthestation.”→________________________________________________________________________eq\x(溫馨提示：請完成課時作業八)SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguageⅠ.核心詞匯及拓展1．basin2.penguin3.implement4.moderate5.tropical6.jungle7.undergounderwentundergone8.annualannually9.reform10.chaos11.nuclear12.sensitiveⅡ.核心詞匯講解1．①insearchof②infavourof③inmemoryof④inneedof⑤inchargeof2．Onbehalfof[語法精釋]即學即練1①hewas②toldhadseen③is④hadbefore⑤couldthere⑥askedif/whetherbefore⑦toldcould⑧howshehad⑨whereIhadthose⑩if/whetherIlived?whenhewould?whatwaswrongme即學即練2①Michaelsuggestedgoingtothecinematonight./Michaelsuggestedthatwe(should)go