wordsandexpressions:1.

n.災難;災害

2.

n.&vt.營救;救援

3.

vt.&n.損害;損失

4.

vt.摧毀;毀滅

5.

vt.影響;侵襲

6.

n.電;電能

7.

n.努力;艱難的嘗試

8.

n.電力供應;能量

9.

adj.冷靜的vt.使平靜

10.

v.遞送;發表

electricityeffortcalmpowerdisasterrescuedestroydamageaffectdeliver11.

n.險境；陷阱

vt.

使落入險境12.

vt.埋葬；安葬13.

vt.&vi.呼吸

trapburybreatheTheNightTheEarthDidn’tSleepUnit4NaturalDisastersPara1StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forserveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracks

thatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.

過去進行時大裂縫難聞的非謂語表伴隨河北省東北部的農村不斷有怪事發生。好幾天了，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。井壁上出現了深深的裂縫。至少一口井冒出了難聞的氣味。Para1Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.太......而不能拒絕做某事非謂語表伴隨bedone被動bedone被動像往常一樣Para1雞甚至豬都焦躁不安、不愿進食，狗也不愿意回房屋里去，老鼠從地里竄出來四處找地方躲藏，魚從水里往外跳。1976年6月28日大約凌晨三點，唐山郊外的天空中出現了明亮的光，并且可以聽到巨大的噪音。但那天晚上，這座城市的100萬人像往常一樣熟睡。Task4(P50)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(1)翻譯:

too...to...意為“太……而不能……”,too修飾形容詞或(2)

,to后接動詞原形。

雞,甚至豬都緊張得不吃東西,狗也不愿進屋子里。副詞【基礎探究】(1)在too...to...結構中有時出現可數名詞單數,而該結構的形式通常為“too+adj.+a/an+可數名詞單數”。(2)too...to...結構表示肯定意義的情況當too之后跟表示主語的態度、情感、心情或傾向的詞,如glad、eager、anxious、happy、ready、nervous、pleased等時,該結構表示肯定意義。【銜接寫作】同義句轉換(1)Thehouseisnotcheapenoughformetobuy.→Thehouseis

.

(2)Theproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.→Theproblemis

Ican’tworkitout.

tooexpensiveformetobuysodifficultthatPara2At3:42a.m,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.好像結束致命的定語從句凌晨3.42分，一切開始搖晃。仿佛世界末日即將來臨！20世紀最致命的地震之一就在該市正下方11千米處發生了，這次地震甚至對遠在150多千米外的北京造成了損害。Task5(P50)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!(1)翻譯:

此處asif引導(2)

從句,可用asthough替代。Itseemedasif...意為“(3)

”。

仿佛世界末日即將來臨!表語似乎;看起來……【基礎探究】當asif引導的句子表示真實的或極有可能發生或存在的情況時用陳述語氣。當說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的或不太可能發生或存在的情況時,從句用虛擬語氣。動詞時態的形式如下:(1)從句表示與現在事實相反,謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞要使用were)。(2)從句表示與過去事實相反,謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”。(3)從句表示與將來事實相反,謂語動詞用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.更通俗點說，互聯網所起的作用更像是我記憶能力的延伸。Itsoundsasifitwereraining.聽起來像是在下雨。【變式訓練】單句填空(1)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI

(do)it?

(2)Thesecretaryalwaysactsasifshe

(be)therealbossofthecompany.

(3)Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhe

(be)herownchild.

(4)Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey

(be)goodfriendsformanyyears.

haddonewerewerehadbeenTask1damagen.

損壞;損失vt.

破壞;損害(P48)WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?首爾的哪些建筑物受損了?Damagecausedbytheearthquakedisastercan’tbeignored.地震災害導致的損失不容忽視。cause/dodamageto對……造成損害;損害……n.damageone’shealth 損害某人的健康v.Discesiondestroy、damage、harm、hurt和ruin的用法區別【變式訓練】用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的適當形式填空(1)Therearemanyancienttempleswhichhavefalleninto

.

(2)Thattownwas

inabigfire.

(3)Whattheysaidanddid

therelationsbetweenthetwocountries.

(4)Hiswords

myfeelings.

(5)Drinkingtoomuchcan

one’shealth.

ruinsdestroyedhurtdamagedharm/damage【銜接寫作】一句多譯眾所周知,抽煙會損害我們的健康。(1)Asweallknow,smokingcan

.(damagen.)

(2)Itiswellknownthatsmokingcan

.(damagevt.)

do/causedamagetoourhealthdamageourhealthPara2Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.在廢墟里定語從句修飾peoplebedone被動

定語從句Para2全國三分之一的地方均有震感。一個八千米長、三十米寬的巨大裂縫橫貫房屋，道路，和水道。石頭山變成了泥沙河。不到一分鐘，一座大城市躺在了廢墟里。當地居住的人有三分之二死亡或受傷。成千上萬的孩子失去了父母。地震中死亡或嚴重受傷的人數超過40萬。Task6inruins嚴重受損;破敗不堪(P50)Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.在不到一分鐘的時間里,一座大城市淪為廢墟。Thiscountry’seconomyliesinruins.這個國家的經濟崩潰了。Thecityisnowinruins.那個城市現在成了一片廢墟。【基礎探究】be/lieinruins成為廢墟fallintoruin

毀壞;毀滅cometoruin

毀滅;崩潰【變式訓練】單句填空(1)Whatleftthetownin

(ruin)?

(2)Alargenumberofchurchesfell

ruinafterthebigflood.

ruinsinto【銜接寫作】完成句子Theheavyraincompletely

.大雨把我們的假期徹底毀了。

ruinedourholidayPara3Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.地點狀語從句，“...之處主語比喻把..吹走幸存者目及之處，無一不是廢墟。城里幾乎所有的東西都被毀了。大約75%的工廠和建筑，90%的房屋，以及所有的醫院都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，但是沒有風能把他們吹走。Para3Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross,therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock—-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.通過鐵路軌道無用的主語填...震驚賓語從句大部分橋梁倒塌或者無法安全通過，鐵軌如今成了無用的金屬塊。數萬頭牛，數十萬頭豬和數百萬只雞死亡。井里滿是沙子，而不是水。人們震驚了。然后，那天下午晚些時候，唐山又發生了一次大地震。甚至更多的建筑倒塌。水、食物和電都很難獲得。人們開始在想這場災難還會持續多久。Para3Task7shockn.震驚;令人震驚的事;休克vt.(使)震驚(P50)Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人們震驚了——然后,當天下午晚些時候,又一場大地震侵襲唐山。Ilookedatmyhusbandinshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.我震驚地望著丈夫,期待他告訴我,這一切都是我的誤解。Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的處境使我們大家都大為震驚。【基礎探究】 agreatshocktosb

某人極為震驚的事inshock

震驚;吃驚shocked

adj.

震驚的;驚訝的beshockedat/by

對……吃驚beshockedtodosth

做某事很吃驚shocking

adj.

令人震驚的【變式訓練】單句填空(1)Thenews

(shock)thepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.

(2)Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso

thateveryoneisvery

atit.(shock)

(3)Iwasshocked

(hear)thatKobeandhisdaughterdiedintheterribleaircrash.

shockedshockingshockedtohearButhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshanto

digout

thosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsifthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.定語從句被動，受困挖掘埋葬避難所，臨時安置點被動，被帶進被動，被幫助呼吸Para4但希望并沒有喪失。地震后不久，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。一萬多名醫生和護士前來提供醫療護理。救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。數十萬人得到了幫助。水和食物被火車、卡車和飛機運進城市。慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復了生機。Para4Task8trapvt.

使落入險境;使陷入圈套n.

險境;陷阱(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發生后不久,部隊派出了15萬名戰士奔赴唐山,將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行時,他們被困在山上,等待救援。Ifyouchoosethisway,you’relikelytofallintoatrap.如果你選擇這條路,你很有可能會落入圈套。【基礎探究】trapsbinto(doing)sth

誘使某人做某事betrappedin

被困住……set/layatrap

布好陷阱;設下圈套becaughtinatrapof... 陷入……的困境【變式訓練】單句填空(1)She

(trap)intheburninghouse.

(2)Iwastrapped

tellingthepersonallIknew.

wastrappedinto【銜接寫作】句式升級Theteamweretrappedintheburningbuildingandtheywereeagertoberescued.(用定語從句改寫)

Theteamwhoweretrappedintheburningbuildingwereeagertoberescued.Task9buryvt.

埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使專心(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發生后不久,部隊派出了15萬名戰士奔赴唐山,將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Theirambitionswerefinallyburied.他們的雄心壯志最終被埋藏了。

【變式訓練】單句填空(1)Sheburiedherface

herhandswhensheheardthebadnews.

(2)Eversincehemovedthere,he

(bury)inhisresearchwork.

(3)Inthepastthreeweeks,wehavebeenburying

(we)instudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.

inhasbeenburiedourselves【銜接寫作】一句多譯由于他埋頭讀書,因此他不知道外面下雨了。(1)

,

hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(連詞because)(2)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(現在分詞作狀語)

(3)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(過去分詞作狀語)

Becauseheburiedhimself/wasburiedinthebook

BuryinghimselfinthebookBuriedinthebookTangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandtirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.復活重新站了起來被動...的家園給...證明賓語從句團結，聯合起來展現...的智慧重建Para5唐山開始復蘇，重新站了起來。在政府的大力支持下，在全市人民的不懈努力下，一個新的唐山在地震廢墟上建成了。隨著交通、工業和環境的極大改善，這座新城市已經成為700多萬人的家園。唐山市向中國和世界的其他地方證明，在災難面前，人民必須團結起來，拿出智慧，保持積極的心態，重建更美好的未來